Background: The development of mobile apps in healthcare facilities helps users perform self-care effectively. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the quality, functionality, and features of Persian language diabetes mobile apps. Methods: Persian language diabetes self-management mobile apps were searched in the Android and iOS App Stores using relevant keywords such as "diabetes" and "blood sugar." Twelve apps met the inclusion criteria. Nine evaluators assessed the apps' quality based on the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS), their functionality according to the IMS institute for healthcare informatics app functionality scoring system, and their features and content using a checklist. Results: The mean MARS score of the apps was 3.02 out of 5. Among the four dimensions of engagement, aesthetics, functionality, and information quality, functionality had the highest mean ± SD score (3.64 ± 1.13). Most of the apps used 5 - 7 out of the 11 defined functionalities. All self-management apps included the functionality of monitoring blood glucose levels, and the majority had health status monitoring features. Conclusions: The mobile apps had several drawbacks, including a lack of engagement strategies, insufficient evidence-based information for patients, limited guideline-based self-management functionalities, failure to evaluate clinical effectiveness in trials, and an absence of mutual communication with healthcare providers.
{"title":"Persian Mobile Apps for Diabetic Patients: App Review and Evaluation Study","authors":"Reza Khajouei, Mahtab Tafazoli, Hamidreza Dehghan, Niloofar Bitaraf, Negar Jalali, Arezoo Dehghani","doi":"10.5812/semj-141192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-141192","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The development of mobile apps in healthcare facilities helps users perform self-care effectively. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the quality, functionality, and features of Persian language diabetes mobile apps. Methods: Persian language diabetes self-management mobile apps were searched in the Android and iOS App Stores using relevant keywords such as \"diabetes\" and \"blood sugar.\" Twelve apps met the inclusion criteria. Nine evaluators assessed the apps' quality based on the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS), their functionality according to the IMS institute for healthcare informatics app functionality scoring system, and their features and content using a checklist. Results: The mean MARS score of the apps was 3.02 out of 5. Among the four dimensions of engagement, aesthetics, functionality, and information quality, functionality had the highest mean ± SD score (3.64 ± 1.13). Most of the apps used 5 - 7 out of the 11 defined functionalities. All self-management apps included the functionality of monitoring blood glucose levels, and the majority had health status monitoring features. Conclusions: The mobile apps had several drawbacks, including a lack of engagement strategies, insufficient evidence-based information for patients, limited guideline-based self-management functionalities, failure to evaluate clinical effectiveness in trials, and an absence of mutual communication with healthcare providers.","PeriodicalId":507014,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E-Medical Journal","volume":"71 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141798574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths with high mortality rates worldwide. Accessible screening methods have facilitated its early diagnosis. In Iran, as in many Asian countries, an important barrier to CRC screening is the insufficient knowledge of healthcare providers, including physicians, and the lack of advice from them. Available data on this subject are insufficient, and more surveys are needed in this country. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate Iranian physicians' knowledge about CRC signs and symptoms, risk factors, and screening. Additionally, the association between their knowledge and their characteristics was assessed to provide more data for further interventions. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 family physicians selected by convenience sampling from rural areas in Hamadan province, Iran, from June to September 2017. A self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire was used. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21, with a significance level set at P < 0.05. Results: The mean total knowledge score about CRC was 25.11 ± 4.64 (64.3%) out of 38 questions. The average scores for knowledge about CRC signs and symptoms, risk factors, and the screening program were 7.1 ± 0.81 (out of 8), 10.29 ± 1.83 (out of 13), and 7.77 ± 3.43 (out of 18), respectively. Family physicians had the highest accuracy in answering questions about CRC signs and symptoms (88.7%) and the lowest accuracy in answering questions about the screening program (43%). Since the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test rejected the normal distribution of the data, nonparametric tests were used to compare physicians' knowledge scores according to different variables. The study revealed a statistically significant reverse correlation between physicians’ knowledge of CRC and their age (r = -0.342, P < 0.001), years since graduation (r = -0.228, P = 0.005), and work experience (r = -0.247, P = 0.002). However, after multiple regression analysis, only higher age significantly predicted lower total knowledge scores (P = 0.002). No significant relationship was found between participants' knowledge scores and their gender (P = 0.929) or place of employment (P = 0.399). Conclusions: Family doctors had insufficient knowledge regarding CRC screening programs. To address this issue, health education programs should be designed to enhance their knowledge of CRC screening guidelines.
{"title":"Investigation of Iranian Family Physicians’ Knowledge Toward Colorectal Cancer Screening, Risk Factors, and Sings and Symptoms","authors":"Mahdi Falah Tafti, Farzaneh Esna-Ashari, Yasaman Ghahremani, Niki Talebian, Ladan Kharaz, A. Pirdehghan","doi":"10.5812/semj-145466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-145466","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths with high mortality rates worldwide. Accessible screening methods have facilitated its early diagnosis. In Iran, as in many Asian countries, an important barrier to CRC screening is the insufficient knowledge of healthcare providers, including physicians, and the lack of advice from them. Available data on this subject are insufficient, and more surveys are needed in this country. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate Iranian physicians' knowledge about CRC signs and symptoms, risk factors, and screening. Additionally, the association between their knowledge and their characteristics was assessed to provide more data for further interventions. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 family physicians selected by convenience sampling from rural areas in Hamadan province, Iran, from June to September 2017. A self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire was used. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21, with a significance level set at P < 0.05. Results: The mean total knowledge score about CRC was 25.11 ± 4.64 (64.3%) out of 38 questions. The average scores for knowledge about CRC signs and symptoms, risk factors, and the screening program were 7.1 ± 0.81 (out of 8), 10.29 ± 1.83 (out of 13), and 7.77 ± 3.43 (out of 18), respectively. Family physicians had the highest accuracy in answering questions about CRC signs and symptoms (88.7%) and the lowest accuracy in answering questions about the screening program (43%). Since the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test rejected the normal distribution of the data, nonparametric tests were used to compare physicians' knowledge scores according to different variables. The study revealed a statistically significant reverse correlation between physicians’ knowledge of CRC and their age (r = -0.342, P < 0.001), years since graduation (r = -0.228, P = 0.005), and work experience (r = -0.247, P = 0.002). However, after multiple regression analysis, only higher age significantly predicted lower total knowledge scores (P = 0.002). No significant relationship was found between participants' knowledge scores and their gender (P = 0.929) or place of employment (P = 0.399). Conclusions: Family doctors had insufficient knowledge regarding CRC screening programs. To address this issue, health education programs should be designed to enhance their knowledge of CRC screening guidelines.","PeriodicalId":507014,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E-Medical Journal","volume":"77 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141798353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fatemeh Shaygani, S. Heydari, K. Bagheri Lankarani
{"title":"Restricting Driving Privileges of Individuals with Mental Health Problems: A Legal Gap in Iran","authors":"Fatemeh Shaygani, S. Heydari, K. Bagheri Lankarani","doi":"10.5812/semj-146948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-146948","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p/>","PeriodicalId":507014,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E-Medical Journal","volume":"109 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141812517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The control room is a critical work environment where optimal performance is essential to minimize errors. Lighting is one of the key environmental factors influencing the performance of control room operators. Inadequate sleep quality and job stress also significantly impact job performance. Poor sleep quality, eye fatigue, inappropriate lighting, and occupational stress can lead to errors and decreased accuracy in work. Objectives: The present study aims to determine the correlation between lighting intensity, eye fatigue, occupational stress, and sleep quality among control room operators at the Abadan Refinery. The study was conducted in 2022. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 190 control room operators at the Abadan Refinery in 2022. A lux meter device was used to evaluate the intensity of lighting. Standard Pittsburgh sleep quality, eye fatigue, and Occupational Stress questionnaires were also administered. The results were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The average light intensity of the work surface was 347.95 ± 147.34 lux. The mean and standard deviation of job stress score and sleep quality were 155.42 ± 9.18 and 9.38 ± 1.62, respectively. The average eye fatigue score was 5.09 ± 0.821 in people without glasses and 4.47 ± 0.828 in people with glasses. A significant correlation was found between brightness intensity and visual fatigue (ρ = 0.201, P = 0.029). The correlation between eye fatigue and sleep quality score was also significant (ρ = 0.225, P = 0.002). However, no significant correlation was observed between lighting intensity and sleep quality (ρ = - 0.005, P = 0.946). The correlation between the overall score of occupational stress and sleep quality was statistically significant (r = - 0.148, P = 0.042). Conclusions: The results showed a significant correlation between lighting intensity and the factors of sleep quality and eye fatigue. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between eye fatigue and sleep quality, as well as between occupational stress and sleep quality. Therefore, it is suggested that planning to minimize job stress, and improve lighting and sleep quality for gas refinery control room personnel should be designed and implemented by the authorities.
{"title":"The Correlation Between Lighting Intensity, Eye Fatigue, Occupational Stress, and Sleep Quality in the Control Room Operators of Abadan Refinery","authors":"N. Asadi, Salman Torabi Gudarzi, Seyedeh Sahar Hosseini, Zahra Hashemi, Rozita Foladi Dehaghi","doi":"10.5812/semj-141536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-141536","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The control room is a critical work environment where optimal performance is essential to minimize errors. Lighting is one of the key environmental factors influencing the performance of control room operators. Inadequate sleep quality and job stress also significantly impact job performance. Poor sleep quality, eye fatigue, inappropriate lighting, and occupational stress can lead to errors and decreased accuracy in work. Objectives: The present study aims to determine the correlation between lighting intensity, eye fatigue, occupational stress, and sleep quality among control room operators at the Abadan Refinery. The study was conducted in 2022. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 190 control room operators at the Abadan Refinery in 2022. A lux meter device was used to evaluate the intensity of lighting. Standard Pittsburgh sleep quality, eye fatigue, and Occupational Stress questionnaires were also administered. The results were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The average light intensity of the work surface was 347.95 ± 147.34 lux. The mean and standard deviation of job stress score and sleep quality were 155.42 ± 9.18 and 9.38 ± 1.62, respectively. The average eye fatigue score was 5.09 ± 0.821 in people without glasses and 4.47 ± 0.828 in people with glasses. A significant correlation was found between brightness intensity and visual fatigue (ρ = 0.201, P = 0.029). The correlation between eye fatigue and sleep quality score was also significant (ρ = 0.225, P = 0.002). However, no significant correlation was observed between lighting intensity and sleep quality (ρ = - 0.005, P = 0.946). The correlation between the overall score of occupational stress and sleep quality was statistically significant (r = - 0.148, P = 0.042). Conclusions: The results showed a significant correlation between lighting intensity and the factors of sleep quality and eye fatigue. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between eye fatigue and sleep quality, as well as between occupational stress and sleep quality. Therefore, it is suggested that planning to minimize job stress, and improve lighting and sleep quality for gas refinery control room personnel should be designed and implemented by the authorities.","PeriodicalId":507014,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E-Medical Journal","volume":"50 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141810590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context: The diagnostic methods for diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood sugar levels, are rapidly evolving thanks to artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL). This review explores the applications of AI in risk assessment and diagnosing different types of diabetes. Evidence Acquisition: The review highlights the effectiveness of various ML models, including support vector machines (SVMs), random forests (RFs), and DL techniques like convolutional neural networks (CNNs), in achieving high diagnostic accuracy. Challenges include limited data availability, interpretability of complex models, and the need for standardized performance metrics. Results: Machine learning methods like SVMs and RFs are highly effective at diagnosing different types of diabetes, and DL techniques like CNNs also show great promise. Conclusions: Overall, AI has immense potential to revolutionize diabetes diagnosis by facilitating risk assessment and early detection, improving treatment efficacy, and preventing severe complications.
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Diabetes Management: Revolutionizing the Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus; a Literature Review","authors":"Alireza Keshtkar, Nazanin Ayareh, Farnaz Atighi, Reza Hamidi, Parsa Yazdanpanahi, Alireza Karimi, Arzhang Naseri, Fatemeh Hosseini, Mohammadhossein Dabbaghmanesh","doi":"10.5812/semj-146903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-146903","url":null,"abstract":"Context: The diagnostic methods for diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood sugar levels, are rapidly evolving thanks to artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL). This review explores the applications of AI in risk assessment and diagnosing different types of diabetes. Evidence Acquisition: The review highlights the effectiveness of various ML models, including support vector machines (SVMs), random forests (RFs), and DL techniques like convolutional neural networks (CNNs), in achieving high diagnostic accuracy. Challenges include limited data availability, interpretability of complex models, and the need for standardized performance metrics. Results: Machine learning methods like SVMs and RFs are highly effective at diagnosing different types of diabetes, and DL techniques like CNNs also show great promise. Conclusions: Overall, AI has immense potential to revolutionize diabetes diagnosis by facilitating risk assessment and early detection, improving treatment efficacy, and preventing severe complications.","PeriodicalId":507014,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E-Medical Journal","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141813254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Rajabi, Esmaeil Mousavi Asl, Hossein Etemadi Mehr, Sajad Motamed Monfared, Fatemeh Rohi, Mohammad Javad Bagian Kulehmarzi
Background: Severe psychological or mental pain is an experience of discomfort that can be associated with mental illness (such as major depression) or loss (such as the death of a child). Objectives: The aim of this study is to understand the pathology of major depression using a non-clinical student sample by assessing the roles of mental pain, cognitive emotion regulation, self-compassion, and anxiety. Methods: This cross-sectional study selected a sample (n = 300) using a multi-stage random cluster sampling method. Data was collected using the Orbach & Mikulincer Mental Pain Questionnaire (OMMP), the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form (SCS-SF), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BD-II). Results: The results of the forward multiple linear regression model showed significant standardized beta coefficients for the following variables: Anxiety and depression (β = 0.21, P = 0.002), mental pain and depression (β = 0.436, P < 0.001), maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and depression (β = 0.21, P = 0.002), negative dimensions of self-compassion and depression (β = 0.082, p = 0.041), adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and depression (β = -0.135, P = 0.031), and positive dimensions of self-compassion and depression (β = -0.078, P = 0.042). Additionally, the results indicated that 56% of the variance in depression is explained by mental pain, cognitive emotion regulation, self-compassion, and anxiety (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that therapies focused on emotional regulation and self-compassion can effectively address emotional problems, anxiety, and depression in individuals with depression.
{"title":"Understanding the Pathology of Major Depression in a Non-clinical Student Sample: The Role of Mental Pain, Cognitive Emotion Regulation, Self-Compassion, and Anxiety","authors":"M. Rajabi, Esmaeil Mousavi Asl, Hossein Etemadi Mehr, Sajad Motamed Monfared, Fatemeh Rohi, Mohammad Javad Bagian Kulehmarzi","doi":"10.5812/semj-139102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-139102","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Severe psychological or mental pain is an experience of discomfort that can be associated with mental illness (such as major depression) or loss (such as the death of a child). Objectives: The aim of this study is to understand the pathology of major depression using a non-clinical student sample by assessing the roles of mental pain, cognitive emotion regulation, self-compassion, and anxiety. Methods: This cross-sectional study selected a sample (n = 300) using a multi-stage random cluster sampling method. Data was collected using the Orbach & Mikulincer Mental Pain Questionnaire (OMMP), the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form (SCS-SF), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BD-II). Results: The results of the forward multiple linear regression model showed significant standardized beta coefficients for the following variables: Anxiety and depression (β = 0.21, P = 0.002), mental pain and depression (β = 0.436, P < 0.001), maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and depression (β = 0.21, P = 0.002), negative dimensions of self-compassion and depression (β = 0.082, p = 0.041), adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and depression (β = -0.135, P = 0.031), and positive dimensions of self-compassion and depression (β = -0.078, P = 0.042). Additionally, the results indicated that 56% of the variance in depression is explained by mental pain, cognitive emotion regulation, self-compassion, and anxiety (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that therapies focused on emotional regulation and self-compassion can effectively address emotional problems, anxiety, and depression in individuals with depression.","PeriodicalId":507014,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E-Medical Journal","volume":"25 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141815481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Ali Abolhoseini, M. Bahreini, Shahnaz Pouladi, R. Bagherzadeh
Background: Treatment of psychiatric patients is a challenging issue that requires special attention due to their unique nature and conditions. Identifying the factors that influence treatment acceptance among these patients can aid in disease management and health promotion. The environment in which individuals reside can significantly impact their behaviors. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the correlation between ward atmosphere and the motivation, perception, and attitude of patients towards continuing the treatment process in psychiatric wards of certain university hospitals in Shiraz and Bushehr in 2019. Methods: The present cross-sectional study included 299 patients admitted to the psychiatric wards of hospitals in Bushehr and Shiraz, Iran. A convenience sampling method was employed. Data collection tools included a demographic characteristics form, a short-form psychiatric ward questionnaire, and patient attitude, motivation, and treatment perception questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19 with Pearson or Spearman correlation tests, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and linear regression. The significance level was set at less than 0.05 in all cases. Results: The mean score of ward atmosphere was lower than average (18.37 ± 2.99) from the patients' point of view. Among the subscales of ward atmosphere, the "support" subscale correlated with patients' attitudes towards continuing the treatment process (P = 0.042). Patients exhibited a more positive attitude towards treatment at higher levels of support. Two subscales, "support" (P = 0.048) and "programme clarity" (P < 0.001), correlated with patients' perceptions of the treatment continuation. In other words, patients' perception of the treatment process was higher at elevated levels of these two subscales. None of the ward atmosphere subscales correlated with the patient's motivation to continue the treatment process from the patient's point of view. Conclusions: Given the correlation between certain subscales of ward atmosphere and patients' attitudes and perceptions about continuing the treatment process, it is recommended to design programs to optimize the ward atmosphere. This could improve patients' attitudes and perceptions regarding continuing their treatment. Additionally, it is suggested to study other factors affecting treatment in psychiatric patients.
{"title":"Relationship Between the Atmosphere of Psychiatric Wards and the Motivation, Attitude, and Perception of Patients Hospitalized in Shiraz and Bushehr University Hospitals-2019","authors":"Mohammad Ali Abolhoseini, M. Bahreini, Shahnaz Pouladi, R. Bagherzadeh","doi":"10.5812/semj-142935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-142935","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Treatment of psychiatric patients is a challenging issue that requires special attention due to their unique nature and conditions. Identifying the factors that influence treatment acceptance among these patients can aid in disease management and health promotion. The environment in which individuals reside can significantly impact their behaviors. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the correlation between ward atmosphere and the motivation, perception, and attitude of patients towards continuing the treatment process in psychiatric wards of certain university hospitals in Shiraz and Bushehr in 2019. Methods: The present cross-sectional study included 299 patients admitted to the psychiatric wards of hospitals in Bushehr and Shiraz, Iran. A convenience sampling method was employed. Data collection tools included a demographic characteristics form, a short-form psychiatric ward questionnaire, and patient attitude, motivation, and treatment perception questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19 with Pearson or Spearman correlation tests, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and linear regression. The significance level was set at less than 0.05 in all cases. Results: The mean score of ward atmosphere was lower than average (18.37 ± 2.99) from the patients' point of view. Among the subscales of ward atmosphere, the \"support\" subscale correlated with patients' attitudes towards continuing the treatment process (P = 0.042). Patients exhibited a more positive attitude towards treatment at higher levels of support. Two subscales, \"support\" (P = 0.048) and \"programme clarity\" (P < 0.001), correlated with patients' perceptions of the treatment continuation. In other words, patients' perception of the treatment process was higher at elevated levels of these two subscales. None of the ward atmosphere subscales correlated with the patient's motivation to continue the treatment process from the patient's point of view. Conclusions: Given the correlation between certain subscales of ward atmosphere and patients' attitudes and perceptions about continuing the treatment process, it is recommended to design programs to optimize the ward atmosphere. This could improve patients' attitudes and perceptions regarding continuing their treatment. Additionally, it is suggested to study other factors affecting treatment in psychiatric patients.","PeriodicalId":507014,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E-Medical Journal","volume":"138 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141682538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: One of the most dangerous complications after endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy is tracheal stenosis. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the personal and clinical characteristics of tracheal stenosis following intubation or tracheostomy in intensive care unit patients. Methods: This is a nested case-control study. Thirty-five patients who suffered from tracheal stenosis from March 2016 to March 2021 and had been intubated and tracheostomized in intensive care units (ICU) were selected for the case group. The control group included 105 patients intubated and tracheostomized in ICU during the same period without tracheal stenosis. A demographic and clinical characteristics questionnaire was used to collect data from the patients' medical records. Results: The mean length of intubation (P < 0.001), endotracheal and tracheostomy tube cuff pressure (P < 0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (P = 0.043), intubation history (P = 0.045), and airway management (P < 0.001) showed significant differences between the case and control groups. The logistic regression model revealed that COPD (OR = 8.519, P = 0.037), intubation history (OR = 3.939, P = 0.013), length of intubation (OR = 1.118, P = 0.003), age (OR = 0.960, P = 0.030), and endotracheal and tracheostomy tube cuff pressure (OR = 1.988, P < 0.001) were associated with tracheal stenosis. The time interval between intubation/tracheostomy ranged from approximately 28 to 938 days. Conclusions: Given the impact of certain care practices during hospitalization on the occurrence of tracheal stenosis, such as the mean length of intubation, endotracheal and tracheostomy tube cuff pressure, and airway management, it is recommended that standardized training on these interventions be prioritized for staff in intensive care departments. Additionally, attention must be given to specific patient characteristics, such as age, COPD, and history of intubation.
{"title":"Tracheal Stenosis After Intubation and Tracheostomy in Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Units: A Case-Control Study","authors":"Roya Dokoohaki, Malihe Ebrahimzadeh, N. Sharifi","doi":"10.5812/semj-145763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-145763","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the most dangerous complications after endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy is tracheal stenosis. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the personal and clinical characteristics of tracheal stenosis following intubation or tracheostomy in intensive care unit patients. Methods: This is a nested case-control study. Thirty-five patients who suffered from tracheal stenosis from March 2016 to March 2021 and had been intubated and tracheostomized in intensive care units (ICU) were selected for the case group. The control group included 105 patients intubated and tracheostomized in ICU during the same period without tracheal stenosis. A demographic and clinical characteristics questionnaire was used to collect data from the patients' medical records. Results: The mean length of intubation (P < 0.001), endotracheal and tracheostomy tube cuff pressure (P < 0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (P = 0.043), intubation history (P = 0.045), and airway management (P < 0.001) showed significant differences between the case and control groups. The logistic regression model revealed that COPD (OR = 8.519, P = 0.037), intubation history (OR = 3.939, P = 0.013), length of intubation (OR = 1.118, P = 0.003), age (OR = 0.960, P = 0.030), and endotracheal and tracheostomy tube cuff pressure (OR = 1.988, P < 0.001) were associated with tracheal stenosis. The time interval between intubation/tracheostomy ranged from approximately 28 to 938 days. Conclusions: Given the impact of certain care practices during hospitalization on the occurrence of tracheal stenosis, such as the mean length of intubation, endotracheal and tracheostomy tube cuff pressure, and airway management, it is recommended that standardized training on these interventions be prioritized for staff in intensive care departments. Additionally, attention must be given to specific patient characteristics, such as age, COPD, and history of intubation.","PeriodicalId":507014,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E-Medical Journal","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141682492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: This study aimed to assess the correlation between serum levels of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), basal follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), basal luteinizing hormone (LH), and basal estradiol with pregnancy outcomes. Methods: Conducted at Shariati Hospital in Tehran from 2020 to 2021, this prospective cohort study included women under 38 years old with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage (IRM). Individuals with AMH levels below 1 ng/mL were classified as the poor responder group. All participants with IRM received a daily combination of 20 mg prednisolone and 200 mg progesterone vaginal suppositories from the beginning of pregnancy until 12 weeks, along with aspirin and folic acid. Pregnancy was monitored until 36 weeks, and outcomes were evaluated over two years using univariate and multiple logistic regression, with P-values < 0.05 considered significant. Results: The study comprised 128 individuals with a mean age of 36.4 ± 3.9 years. Of these, 80 became pregnant, while 48 did not. Among the pregnant individuals, 34 had terminations before 26 weeks (13 ongoing and 21 clinical), while 46 had pregnancies lasting 26 weeks or longer. Maternal age (RR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.10 - 1.90, P = 0.001), history of abortion (RR = 1.262, 95% CI: 1.052 - 1.327, P = 0.008), and low serum AMH level (RR = 0.752, 95% CI: 0.227 - 0.934, P = 0.035) were significantly associated with the probability of subsequent pregnancies. Maternal age (RR = 1.108, 95% CI: 1.05 - 1.350, P = 0.025) and history of abortion (RR = 1.097, 95% CI: 1.02 - 1.161, P = 0.042) were the only factors associated with the risk of non-pregnancy. Conclusions: The study findings suggest that AMH levels in women with IRM significantly influence pregnancy outcomes, including abortion and live births at 26 weeks or more. The univariate analysis revealed significant correlations between age, serum AMH levels, previous history of abortion, and the risk of abortion. Additionally, AMH levels were found to relate to follicle storage rather than egg quality, indicating that AMH does not predict live birth after IVF. Overall, this prospective study underscores the importance of maternal age, AMH level, and previous abortion history in predicting pregnancy outcomes.
{"title":"The Relationship Between Anti-Mullerian Hormone Levels and Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients with Recurrent Unexplained Miscarriage","authors":"V. Hazari, Zeinab Samadi, Leila Shahsavari","doi":"10.5812/semj-138861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-138861","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study aimed to assess the correlation between serum levels of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), basal follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), basal luteinizing hormone (LH), and basal estradiol with pregnancy outcomes. Methods: Conducted at Shariati Hospital in Tehran from 2020 to 2021, this prospective cohort study included women under 38 years old with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage (IRM). Individuals with AMH levels below 1 ng/mL were classified as the poor responder group. All participants with IRM received a daily combination of 20 mg prednisolone and 200 mg progesterone vaginal suppositories from the beginning of pregnancy until 12 weeks, along with aspirin and folic acid. Pregnancy was monitored until 36 weeks, and outcomes were evaluated over two years using univariate and multiple logistic regression, with P-values < 0.05 considered significant. Results: The study comprised 128 individuals with a mean age of 36.4 ± 3.9 years. Of these, 80 became pregnant, while 48 did not. Among the pregnant individuals, 34 had terminations before 26 weeks (13 ongoing and 21 clinical), while 46 had pregnancies lasting 26 weeks or longer. Maternal age (RR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.10 - 1.90, P = 0.001), history of abortion (RR = 1.262, 95% CI: 1.052 - 1.327, P = 0.008), and low serum AMH level (RR = 0.752, 95% CI: 0.227 - 0.934, P = 0.035) were significantly associated with the probability of subsequent pregnancies. Maternal age (RR = 1.108, 95% CI: 1.05 - 1.350, P = 0.025) and history of abortion (RR = 1.097, 95% CI: 1.02 - 1.161, P = 0.042) were the only factors associated with the risk of non-pregnancy. Conclusions: The study findings suggest that AMH levels in women with IRM significantly influence pregnancy outcomes, including abortion and live births at 26 weeks or more. The univariate analysis revealed significant correlations between age, serum AMH levels, previous history of abortion, and the risk of abortion. Additionally, AMH levels were found to relate to follicle storage rather than egg quality, indicating that AMH does not predict live birth after IVF. Overall, this prospective study underscores the importance of maternal age, AMH level, and previous abortion history in predicting pregnancy outcomes.","PeriodicalId":507014,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E-Medical Journal","volume":"100 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141359228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Khazaei, A. Norouzi, Eshagh Moradi, Maryam Shahabi, Sadra Haji, Azizeh Barry, M. Shohani, M. Keshavarzi, Akram Zhianifard, Babak Paknia, Ghobad Ramezani
Background: The integration of information technology into educational systems represents a dynamic educational paradigm that delineates modern education for effective engagement in the third millennium. However, prior to its implementation, efforts should be directed towards identifying the factors influencing its acceptance and utilization. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the factors influencing the acceptance of e-learning among professors and students of macro medical sciences universities in the third region based on the Davis model in the year 2023. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design. The research instrument consisted of a 25-item Davis questionnaire utilizing a 5-point Likert scale, which was distributed to the samples both in person and virtually following validation and reliability confirmation by experts and a pre-test. The study population comprised 308 professors and 400 students from macro medical sciences universities in Macro Region 3. Data analysis utilized descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (correlation, analysis of variance, and related tests), using SPSS software version 19 and LISREL software for Structural Equation Modeling.Modeling. Results: Data analysis revealed that the structural model of acceptance of electronic learning technology among the students of the University of Medical Sciences in Macro Region 3 is appropriate and applicable in the academic community. The variable of ease of use on attitude towards use demonstrated a coefficient of 0.41 and a T score of 7.16, while the variable of usefulness on decision to use showed a coefficient of 0.46 and a T-score of 6.31. Additionally, usefulness on attitude towards use displayed a coefficient of 0.49 and a T score of 5.92. Moreover, the variable of attitude towards use on decision to use had a coefficient of 0.47 and a T score of 5.65. Finally, the variable of decision to use on use exhibited a coefficient of 0.49 and a T score of 6.42. Conclusions: Conducting preliminary studies to comprehend the current landscape and elucidate the influencing factors in this regard can facilitate the implementation of related programs and pave the way for their efficacy. Moreover, it is advisable for officials and policymakers to employ technology acceptance theories to deploy new systems and technologies, thereby understanding the factors contributing to their acceptance and application, mitigating the risk of failure and resource wastage, and enhancing the quality of education and service delivery.
{"title":"Investigating Factors Affecting the Acceptance of E-Learning among Faculty Members and Students of Macro Medical Universities in Region Three Based on the Davis Model: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"M. Khazaei, A. Norouzi, Eshagh Moradi, Maryam Shahabi, Sadra Haji, Azizeh Barry, M. Shohani, M. Keshavarzi, Akram Zhianifard, Babak Paknia, Ghobad Ramezani","doi":"10.5812/semj-142395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/semj-142395","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The integration of information technology into educational systems represents a dynamic educational paradigm that delineates modern education for effective engagement in the third millennium. However, prior to its implementation, efforts should be directed towards identifying the factors influencing its acceptance and utilization. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the factors influencing the acceptance of e-learning among professors and students of macro medical sciences universities in the third region based on the Davis model in the year 2023. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design. The research instrument consisted of a 25-item Davis questionnaire utilizing a 5-point Likert scale, which was distributed to the samples both in person and virtually following validation and reliability confirmation by experts and a pre-test. The study population comprised 308 professors and 400 students from macro medical sciences universities in Macro Region 3. Data analysis utilized descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (correlation, analysis of variance, and related tests), using SPSS software version 19 and LISREL software for Structural Equation Modeling.Modeling. Results: Data analysis revealed that the structural model of acceptance of electronic learning technology among the students of the University of Medical Sciences in Macro Region 3 is appropriate and applicable in the academic community. The variable of ease of use on attitude towards use demonstrated a coefficient of 0.41 and a T score of 7.16, while the variable of usefulness on decision to use showed a coefficient of 0.46 and a T-score of 6.31. Additionally, usefulness on attitude towards use displayed a coefficient of 0.49 and a T score of 5.92. Moreover, the variable of attitude towards use on decision to use had a coefficient of 0.47 and a T score of 5.65. Finally, the variable of decision to use on use exhibited a coefficient of 0.49 and a T score of 6.42. Conclusions: Conducting preliminary studies to comprehend the current landscape and elucidate the influencing factors in this regard can facilitate the implementation of related programs and pave the way for their efficacy. Moreover, it is advisable for officials and policymakers to employ technology acceptance theories to deploy new systems and technologies, thereby understanding the factors contributing to their acceptance and application, mitigating the risk of failure and resource wastage, and enhancing the quality of education and service delivery.","PeriodicalId":507014,"journal":{"name":"Shiraz E-Medical Journal","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141369656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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