Emma A. Schultz, Melissa Cook, Redwood W. Nero, Ryan J. Caillouet, Jaymie L. Reneker, James E. Barbour, Zhankun Wang, Brian A. Stacy
At-sea mortality information is important for understanding the magnitude of threats to protected sea turtle species. When a sea turtle dies, it typically sinks, starts decomposing, and will eventually float to the surface if the carcass remains intact and enough internal gases accumulate. However, few data are available regarding the rate and duration of these processes to allow estimation of time since death once carcasses are recovered. Twenty-seven Kemp's ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) and 15 green (Chelonia mydas) sea turtle cold-stunned carcasses were placed in wire mesh, weighted cages at varying water depths (10–40 m) and temperatures (18.5°C–28.7°C) in the northern Gulf of Mexico from June 2018 to October 2019. Cameras and temperature-depth-orientation recorders were used to document decomposition progression and carcass buoyancy. Decomposition rate was measured using corrected accumulated degree hours and values of observed time-to-float were compared with predictions based on laboratory and field experiments in previous research. Overall, carcasses did not float when deployed in waters > 30 m when temperatures were < 22°C and carcasses tended to float sooner in ≤ 20 m depths, especially if bottom temperatures were > 24°C. Green sea turtle carcasses floated in a variety of environmental conditions, but onset of positive buoyancy was not very predictable. Buoyancy of Kemp's ridley sea turtle carcasses was inconsistent, but float times were fairly predictable. We did not identify the exact depth at which sea turtle carcasses cannot generate enough gases to float, but that depth is likely very close to 40 m. Carcasses that became buoyant in ≥ 30 m depths tended to float for < 24 hrs before sinking again and, therefore, it is unlikely that they have enough time to drift to shore. This information enhances our understanding of the likelihood of carcasses washing ashore and can be incorporated into carcass backtracking analyses to facilitate identification of mortality causes.
{"title":"Point of No Return: Determining Depth at Which Sea Turtle Carcasses Experience Constant Submergence","authors":"Emma A. Schultz, Melissa Cook, Redwood W. Nero, Ryan J. Caillouet, Jaymie L. Reneker, James E. Barbour, Zhankun Wang, Brian A. Stacy","doi":"10.2744/ccb-1518.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2744/ccb-1518.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>At-sea mortality information is important for understanding the magnitude of threats to protected sea turtle species. When a sea turtle dies, it typically sinks, starts decomposing, and will eventually float to the surface if the carcass remains intact and enough internal gases accumulate. However, few data are available regarding the rate and duration of these processes to allow estimation of time since death once carcasses are recovered. Twenty-seven Kemp's ridley (<em>Lepidochelys kempii</em>) and 15 green (<em>Chelonia mydas</em>) sea turtle cold-stunned carcasses were placed in wire mesh, weighted cages at varying water depths (10–40 m) and temperatures (18.5°C–28.7°C) in the northern Gulf of Mexico from June 2018 to October 2019. Cameras and temperature-depth-orientation recorders were used to document decomposition progression and carcass buoyancy. Decomposition rate was measured using corrected accumulated degree hours and values of observed time-to-float were compared with predictions based on laboratory and field experiments in previous research. Overall, carcasses did not float when deployed in waters > 30 m when temperatures were < 22°C and carcasses tended to float sooner in ≤ 20 m depths, especially if bottom temperatures were > 24°C. Green sea turtle carcasses floated in a variety of environmental conditions, but onset of positive buoyancy was not very predictable. Buoyancy of Kemp's ridley sea turtle carcasses was inconsistent, but float times were fairly predictable. We did not identify the exact depth at which sea turtle carcasses cannot generate enough gases to float, but that depth is likely very close to 40 m. Carcasses that became buoyant in ≥ 30 m depths tended to float for < 24 hrs before sinking again and, therefore, it is unlikely that they have enough time to drift to shore. This information enhances our understanding of the likelihood of carcasses washing ashore and can be incorporated into carcass backtracking analyses to facilitate identification of mortality causes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50703,"journal":{"name":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology","volume":"349 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138494966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Labrada-Martagón, F. A. M. Tenería, T. Zenteno-Savín
Abstract A priority for sea turtle conservation is the identification of early biomarkers of environmental perturbation effects on the health of populations. The micronucleus (MN) assay is a noninv...
{"title":"Standardized Micronucleus Assay for Peripheral Blood from Sea Turtles","authors":"V. Labrada-Martagón, F. A. M. Tenería, T. Zenteno-Savín","doi":"10.2744/ccb-1373.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2744/ccb-1373.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A priority for sea turtle conservation is the identification of early biomarkers of environmental perturbation effects on the health of populations. The micronucleus (MN) assay is a noninv...","PeriodicalId":50703,"journal":{"name":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology","volume":"18 1","pages":"175-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41636593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Mitelberg, A. G. Vandergast, K. Nussear, Kirsten E. Dutcher, T. Esque
Abstract Noninvasive fecal genotyping can be a useful tool for population monitoring of elusive species. We tested extraction protocols on scat samples from the threatened Mojave Desert tortoise, G...
{"title":"Development of a Genotyping Protocol for Mojave Desert Tortoise Scat","authors":"A. Mitelberg, A. G. Vandergast, K. Nussear, Kirsten E. Dutcher, T. Esque","doi":"10.2744/ccb-1394.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2744/ccb-1394.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Noninvasive fecal genotyping can be a useful tool for population monitoring of elusive species. We tested extraction protocols on scat samples from the threatened Mojave Desert tortoise, G...","PeriodicalId":50703,"journal":{"name":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology","volume":"18 1","pages":"123-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45670004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Raphael, Suzanne K. Macey, S. Platt, T. Seimon, R. Ossiboff, B. Horne, A. L. Gamarra, M. G. Barrera, Tint Lwin, M. M. Soe, Shwe Htay Aung, S. New, Lay Lay Khaing, Kalyar Platt
Abstract The once abundant Burmese star tortoise (Geochelone platynota) was functionally extirpated from Myanmar largely due to exploitation for wildlife trade markets. Geochelone platynota is ende...
{"title":"Health Screening of Burmese Star Tortoises (Geochelone platynota) Prior to Introduction to the Wild","authors":"B. Raphael, Suzanne K. Macey, S. Platt, T. Seimon, R. Ossiboff, B. Horne, A. L. Gamarra, M. G. Barrera, Tint Lwin, M. M. Soe, Shwe Htay Aung, S. New, Lay Lay Khaing, Kalyar Platt","doi":"10.2744/ccb-1353.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2744/ccb-1353.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The once abundant Burmese star tortoise (Geochelone platynota) was functionally extirpated from Myanmar largely due to exploitation for wildlife trade markets. Geochelone platynota is ende...","PeriodicalId":50703,"journal":{"name":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46146681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dustin S. Baumbach, Edward C. Anger, Nancy A. Collado, S. Dunbar
Abstract Animals are tracked using a wide range of methods. Some researchers track animals by manually recording global positioning system locations while others combine manually recorded locations...
{"title":"Identifying Sea Turtle Home Ranges Utilizing Citizen-Science Data from Novel Web-Based and Smartphone GIS Applications","authors":"Dustin S. Baumbach, Edward C. Anger, Nancy A. Collado, S. Dunbar","doi":"10.2744/ccb-1355.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2744/ccb-1355.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Animals are tracked using a wide range of methods. Some researchers track animals by manually recording global positioning system locations while others combine manually recorded locations...","PeriodicalId":50703,"journal":{"name":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48429618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We conducted physical examinations of 8 green turtles (Chelonia mydas) with boat strike injuries caught repeatedly near Mabul Island (lat 4.246°N, long 118.630°E), Malaysia, where 1 adult female showed evidence of newly recorded injuries in every capture. The healing progress of boat strike injuries on this turtle and 7 other green turtles of various size classes with similar injuries was documented through repetitive captures from between August 2010 and November 2017. We provide the first report of its kind on the incidence of newly documented boat strike injuries on repeatedly captured wild green turtles at their foraging ground.
{"title":"Recaptured Wild Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas) with Newly Documented Boat Strike Injuries in Mabul Island, Sabah, Malaysia","authors":"Jiun Lang Phu, Pushpa Palaniappan","doi":"10.2744/ccb-1363.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2744/ccb-1363.1","url":null,"abstract":"We conducted physical examinations of 8 green turtles (Chelonia mydas) with boat strike injuries caught repeatedly near Mabul Island (lat 4.246°N, long 118.630°E), Malaysia, where 1 adult female showed evidence of newly recorded injuries in every capture. The healing progress of boat strike injuries on this turtle and 7 other green turtles of various size classes with similar injuries was documented through repetitive captures from between August 2010 and November 2017. We provide the first report of its kind on the incidence of newly documented boat strike injuries on repeatedly captured wild green turtles at their foraging ground.","PeriodicalId":50703,"journal":{"name":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46811246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oǧuz Türkozan, C. Yilmaz, Ş. Karakaya, Sezgin Karaman, Celal Ulger
Conserving and managing an imperiled species, such as Testudo hermanni, requires information on population status and demographic traits. To acquire this information, we surveyed Hermann's tortoises, Testudo hermanni boettgeri, in European Turkey from April to October 2014–2016. We found 283 (135 males, 102 females, 45 juveniles, and 1 unknown) T. h. boettgeri at 34 locations. Of these sites, 29% included at least 1 individual. We found that females were larger and heavier (mean straight carapace length [SCL] = 175.4 mm, body mass = 1234.1 g) than males (SCL = 153.2 mm, body mass = 849.6 g). The age frequency had a normal Gaussian distribution with 11–15 yrs being the most common. Elevation at capture sites ranged from 22 to 380 m above sea level. Illegal overharvesting for the pet trade appears to have caused no reduction in body size.
{"title":"Distribution, Size, and Demographics of Eastern Hermann's Tortoise, Testudo hermanni boettgeri, in Turkey","authors":"Oǧuz Türkozan, C. Yilmaz, Ş. Karakaya, Sezgin Karaman, Celal Ulger","doi":"10.2744/ccb-1329.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2744/ccb-1329.1","url":null,"abstract":"Conserving and managing an imperiled species, such as Testudo hermanni, requires information on population status and demographic traits. To acquire this information, we surveyed Hermann's tortoises, Testudo hermanni boettgeri, in European Turkey from April to October 2014–2016. We found 283 (135 males, 102 females, 45 juveniles, and 1 unknown) T. h. boettgeri at 34 locations. Of these sites, 29% included at least 1 individual. We found that females were larger and heavier (mean straight carapace length [SCL] = 175.4 mm, body mass = 1234.1 g) than males (SCL = 153.2 mm, body mass = 849.6 g). The age frequency had a normal Gaussian distribution with 11–15 yrs being the most common. Elevation at capture sites ranged from 22 to 380 m above sea level. Illegal overharvesting for the pet trade appears to have caused no reduction in body size.","PeriodicalId":50703,"journal":{"name":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42303977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shreya M. Banerjee, C. Allen, T. Schmitt, B. Cheng, J. Seminoff, Tomoharu Eguchi, L. Komoroske
Urban coastal ecosystems are unique intersections of human development and biodiversity, and monitoring populations in these areas is critical to understanding ecosystem health and function. Three highly urbanized estuary systems, San Diego Bay, San Gabriel River, and Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge (all in California), are the northernmost foraging habitats for green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in the Eastern Pacific. Here, we report blood biochemistry and morphological parameters for these Southern California green sea turtle foraging aggregations to investigate the current health status of these animals and provide baseline values for future work. Morphometric and blood biochemistry parameters for green turtles captured in this study (n = 39) were clinically reasonable and were generally consistent with previously reported parameters for green turtles.
{"title":"Baseline Health Parameters of East Pacific Green Turtles at Southern California Foraging Grounds","authors":"Shreya M. Banerjee, C. Allen, T. Schmitt, B. Cheng, J. Seminoff, Tomoharu Eguchi, L. Komoroske","doi":"10.2744/ccb-1347.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2744/ccb-1347.1","url":null,"abstract":"Urban coastal ecosystems are unique intersections of human development and biodiversity, and monitoring populations in these areas is critical to understanding ecosystem health and function. Three highly urbanized estuary systems, San Diego Bay, San Gabriel River, and Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge (all in California), are the northernmost foraging habitats for green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in the Eastern Pacific. Here, we report blood biochemistry and morphological parameters for these Southern California green sea turtle foraging aggregations to investigate the current health status of these animals and provide baseline values for future work. Morphometric and blood biochemistry parameters for green turtles captured in this study (n = 39) were clinically reasonable and were generally consistent with previously reported parameters for green turtles.","PeriodicalId":50703,"journal":{"name":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69181177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-27DOI: 10.2744/1071-8443-18.1.1
J. Seminoff
{"title":"Introducing Chelonian Conservation and Biology Volume 18: Rediscovered Species, Rescue and Rehabilitation, and CCB's Dive into Social Media","authors":"J. Seminoff","doi":"10.2744/1071-8443-18.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2744/1071-8443-18.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50703,"journal":{"name":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42509478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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