Citizen participation has played an increasingly relevant role in spatial planning and development aiming to shape sustainable and innovative processes since the 1970s. Nevertheless, analogue participation is associated with various problems, such as social selectivity and a loss of civic trust in administration and politics. Against this background, high expectations lie in the development of digital participation formats, which have significantly changed the participation landscape. Despite the rapid development of digital participation based on new technologies and external factors such as the Covid-19 pandemic, there is still a lack of comprehensive empirical studies on spatial patterns and determinants. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to give an overview of the patterns, methods and determinants of digital and multi-channel participation in Germany. We comprehensively investigated digital and multi-channel participation processes on the websites of German cities and districts – about 4,000 approaches in total. The results show spatial disparities in digital participation processes. While the availability of broadband internet and public debt do not significantly influence the digital participation density in districts and cities, low election turnouts go along with high densities. This suggests that the administrations are responding to political disinterest with digital participation. The results also indicate that digital participation can be less socially selective, as high shares of population without German citizenship, high migration rates and low employment rates have significant positive effects on digital participation.
{"title":"Digitale und mehrkanalige Partizipation in Deutschland: Ein umfassender Überblick über Strukturen, Methoden und Determinanten","authors":"Sarah Karic, Jan Heissler, Marie-Christin Althaus","doi":"10.14512/rur.2170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14512/rur.2170","url":null,"abstract":"Citizen participation has played an increasingly relevant role in spatial planning and development aiming to shape sustainable and innovative processes since the 1970s. Nevertheless, analogue participation is associated with various problems, such as social selectivity and a loss of civic trust in administration and politics. Against this background, high expectations lie in the development of digital participation formats, which have significantly changed the participation landscape. Despite the rapid development of digital participation based on new technologies and external factors such as the Covid-19 pandemic, there is still a lack of comprehensive empirical studies on spatial patterns and determinants. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to give an overview of the patterns, methods and determinants of digital and multi-channel participation in Germany. We comprehensively investigated digital and multi-channel participation processes on the websites of German cities and districts – about 4,000 approaches in total. The results show spatial disparities in digital participation processes. While the availability of broadband internet and public debt do not significantly influence the digital participation density in districts and cities, low election turnouts go along with high densities. This suggests that the administrations are responding to political disinterest with digital participation. The results also indicate that digital participation can be less socially selective, as high shares of population without German citizenship, high migration rates and low employment rates have significant positive effects on digital participation.","PeriodicalId":507133,"journal":{"name":"Raumforschung und Raumordnung | Spatial Research and Planning","volume":"133 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140459657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although the functional mix of housing and work promises to create compact settlement structures, the impact of job-creating commercial developments on housing demand is not sufficiently managed in current practice. As a result, there is often an imbalance between housing units and labour force, which is articulated in an increased demand for new land take. The authors take this as a starting point to develop a four-stage model, which is the subject of this article. This model seeks to systematically determine the effects of commercial developments with an impact on jobs on the demand for residential space and to provide a basis for the sustainable management of requirements within the framework of spatial planning. In a first step, the labour force moving in is determined by means of rates of regional mobility and the number of households moving to the area is derived. In a second step, existing commuter structures in the inter-communal context are used to estimate how households should ideally be localised; in the third step, households are then distributed mathematically on the basis of accessibility structures. In the fourth and final step, we articulate a proposal for the efficient realization of demand tailored to distinct housing segments. Finally, the model is applied to the Leipzig/Halle region.
{"title":"Zur Rolle gewerblicher Entwicklungen bei der Ermittlung von Wohnflächenbedarfen. Ein interkommunaler Lösungsansatz, illustriert am Beispiel der Region Leipzig/Halle","authors":"T. Sell, S. Henn, Max Schuchardt","doi":"10.14512/rur.1730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14512/rur.1730","url":null,"abstract":"Although the functional mix of housing and work promises to create compact settlement structures, the impact of job-creating commercial developments on housing demand is not sufficiently managed in current practice. As a result, there is often an imbalance between housing units and labour force, which is articulated in an increased demand for new land take. The authors take this as a starting point to develop a four-stage model, which is the subject of this article. This model seeks to systematically determine the effects of commercial developments with an impact on jobs on the demand for residential space and to provide a basis for the sustainable management of requirements within the framework of spatial planning. In a first step, the labour force moving in is determined by means of rates of regional mobility and the number of households moving to the area is derived. In a second step, existing commuter structures in the inter-communal context are used to estimate how households should ideally be localised; in the third step, households are then distributed mathematically on the basis of accessibility structures. In the fourth and final step, we articulate a proposal for the efficient realization of demand tailored to distinct housing segments. Finally, the model is applied to the Leipzig/Halle region.","PeriodicalId":507133,"journal":{"name":"Raumforschung und Raumordnung | Spatial Research and Planning","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139163454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Hengstermann, Fabian Wenner, Mathias Jehling, Thomas Hartmann
{"title":"Innovative Land Policies in Europe","authors":"A. Hengstermann, Fabian Wenner, Mathias Jehling, Thomas Hartmann","doi":"10.14512/rur.2246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14512/rur.2246","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":507133,"journal":{"name":"Raumforschung und Raumordnung | Spatial Research and Planning","volume":"300 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139181224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In a recently published essay on planning theory, Benjamin Davy, Meike Levin-Keitel and Franziska Sielker observe a “brutal plurality of truths” that complicates spatial planning. In particular, they ask how planners can deal with this. Against the backdrop of the climate and biodiversity crisis, the commentary takes this essay as an opportunity to take a critical look at the multiplicity of truths postulated by postmodernism and the correspondingly stretched concept of knowledge. Above all, it points out the great importance of the pursuit of truth (in the singular) for society. Moreover, it emphasises the danger of making inter- and transdisciplinary research more difficult, of depreciating science and of increasing the distance between science and the centre of society. The commentary pleads for a faster, stronger focus on the very big challenges of our time, for which a pragmatic orientation towards truth and what unites society is indispensable.
{"title":"Viele Wahrheiten in der Planung? Anmerkungen zu Ideen der Postmoderne in der Planungstheorie","authors":"Gerd Lintz","doi":"10.14512/rur.2226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14512/rur.2226","url":null,"abstract":"In a recently published essay on planning theory, Benjamin Davy, Meike Levin-Keitel and Franziska Sielker observe a “brutal plurality of truths” that complicates spatial planning. In particular, they ask how planners can deal with this. Against the backdrop of the climate and biodiversity crisis, the commentary takes this essay as an opportunity to take a critical look at the multiplicity of truths postulated by postmodernism and the correspondingly stretched concept of knowledge. Above all, it points out the great importance of the pursuit of truth (in the singular) for society. Moreover, it emphasises the danger of making inter- and transdisciplinary research more difficult, of depreciating science and of increasing the distance between science and the centre of society. The commentary pleads for a faster, stronger focus on the very big challenges of our time, for which a pragmatic orientation towards truth and what unites society is indispensable.","PeriodicalId":507133,"journal":{"name":"Raumforschung und Raumordnung | Spatial Research and Planning","volume":"161 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139183451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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