{"title":"Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Plasma lncRNA SRA1 in Chronic Heart Failure","authors":"Yiming Yu, Xiao Ge, Lifang Cao, Feng Li","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2505178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2505178","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":507771,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"14 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141119571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background : The present meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on the prognosis of diabetes patients who experienced acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This investigation encompassed an array of clinical endpoints, comprising cardiovascular death, myocardial reinfarction, all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), and rehospitalization. Methods : The study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched up to October 2023. Studies reporting clinical outcomes in diabetic patients who experienced AMI and were treated with SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2-I) were included. Two researchers independently selected the studies and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for Risk for Bias In Non-randomized Studies-of Interventions (ROBINS-I). Results : A total of 2450 publications were initially retrieved; ultimately, five studies involving 5398 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The analysis revealed that SGLT2-I were associated with significantly lower risks of cardiovascular death (odds ratio (OR), 0.34; 95% CI, 0.14–0.82) and all-cause mortality (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.38–0.76). However, SGLT2-I did not lead to a significant decrease in the rate of myocardial reinfarction (OR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.65–1.29). SGLT2-I did lead to a significant reduction in MACEs (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.35–1.0), but there was significant heterogeneity among the included studies. SGLT2-I also led to a significant reduction in rehospitalizations (OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.26–0.76). There was significant heterogeneity in the analysis of rehospitalization, but the effect remained significant when we excluded the main sources of heterogeneity (OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.24–0.52). Conclusions : The pooled analyses revealed that SGLT2-I were associated with reductions in all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, and rehospitalization. In the future, prospective studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm and refine these findings.
{"title":"Effect of SGLT-2 Inhibitors on Prognosis in Diabetic Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Zhiwei Li, Anying Li, Dianhan Sun, Yusheng Shu","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2505154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2505154","url":null,"abstract":"Background : The present meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on the prognosis of diabetes patients who experienced acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This investigation encompassed an array of clinical endpoints, comprising cardiovascular death, myocardial reinfarction, all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), and rehospitalization. Methods : The study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched up to October 2023. Studies reporting clinical outcomes in diabetic patients who experienced AMI and were treated with SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2-I) were included. Two researchers independently selected the studies and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for Risk for Bias In Non-randomized Studies-of Interventions (ROBINS-I). Results : A total of 2450 publications were initially retrieved; ultimately, five studies involving 5398 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The analysis revealed that SGLT2-I were associated with significantly lower risks of cardiovascular death (odds ratio (OR), 0.34; 95% CI, 0.14–0.82) and all-cause mortality (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.38–0.76). However, SGLT2-I did not lead to a significant decrease in the rate of myocardial reinfarction (OR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.65–1.29). SGLT2-I did lead to a significant reduction in MACEs (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.35–1.0), but there was significant heterogeneity among the included studies. SGLT2-I also led to a significant reduction in rehospitalizations (OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.26–0.76). There was significant heterogeneity in the analysis of rehospitalization, but the effect remained significant when we excluded the main sources of heterogeneity (OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.24–0.52). Conclusions : The pooled analyses revealed that SGLT2-I were associated with reductions in all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, and rehospitalization. In the future, prospective studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm and refine these findings.","PeriodicalId":507771,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":" 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141129496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kemin Liu, Qing Ye, Yichen Zhao, Cheng Zhao, Li Song, Yang Liu, Chen Bai, Jie Han, Shengyu Wang, Jiangang Wang
{"title":"Outcomes of Mitral Valve Repair for Posterior Leaflet Prolapse, Anterior Leaflet Prolapse, and Bileaflet Prolapse","authors":"Kemin Liu, Qing Ye, Yichen Zhao, Cheng Zhao, Li Song, Yang Liu, Chen Bai, Jie Han, Shengyu Wang, Jiangang Wang","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2504146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2504146","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":507771,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maha Subih, Rami Elshatarat, M. Sawalha, A. Almarwani, Majdi Alhadidi, Mohammad Alrahahleh, N. Elneblawi, Z. Saleh, Raghad Abdelkader, Wesam T. Almagharbeh, M. Eltayeb, Nermen A. Mohamed
{"title":"Exploring the Impact of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs on Health-Related Quality of Life and Physiological Outcomes in Patients Post Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts: A Systematic Review","authors":"Maha Subih, Rami Elshatarat, M. Sawalha, A. Almarwani, Majdi Alhadidi, Mohammad Alrahahleh, N. Elneblawi, Z. Saleh, Raghad Abdelkader, Wesam T. Almagharbeh, M. Eltayeb, Nermen A. Mohamed","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2504145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2504145","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":507771,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140699681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ella Tumelty, Isaac Chung, Sabba Hussain, M. Ali, Harsha Addada, Debasish Banerjee
{"title":"An Updated Review of the Management of Chronic Heart Failure in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease","authors":"Ella Tumelty, Isaac Chung, Sabba Hussain, M. Ali, Harsha Addada, Debasish Banerjee","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2504144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2504144","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":507771,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140715464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Sidhu, A. Mavilakandy, Katherine L Hull, I. Koev, Zakariyya Vali, James O. Burton, G. A. Ng
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have highlighted an increased prevalence and incidence of AF in patients with CKD. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of current management strategies and considerations of treating atrial fibrillation with concomitant CKD. Potential electrophysiological mechanisms between AF and CKD are explored. Current evidence and literature focusing on pharmacological rate and rhythm control along with procedural intervention is reviewed and presented. The management of AF and CKD together is complex, but particularly pertinent when considering the close cyclical relationship in the progression of both diseases.
{"title":"Atrial Fibrillation and Chronic Kidney Disease: Aetiology and Management","authors":"B. Sidhu, A. Mavilakandy, Katherine L Hull, I. Koev, Zakariyya Vali, James O. Burton, G. A. Ng","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2504143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2504143","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have highlighted an increased prevalence and incidence of AF in patients with CKD. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of current management strategies and considerations of treating atrial fibrillation with concomitant CKD. Potential electrophysiological mechanisms between AF and CKD are explored. Current evidence and literature focusing on pharmacological rate and rhythm control along with procedural intervention is reviewed and presented. The management of AF and CKD together is complex, but particularly pertinent when considering the close cyclical relationship in the progression of both diseases.","PeriodicalId":507771,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140720914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Di Bonito, A. Di Sessa, M. Licenziati, D. Corica, M. Wasniewska, E. Miraglia del Giudice, A. Morandi, Claudio Maffeis, M. Faienza, E. Mozzillo, V. Calcaterra, F. Franco, G. Maltoni, N. Moio, A. Iannuzzi, Giuliana Valerio
Background : Pediatric obesity is closely associated with cardiometabolic comorbidities, but the role of sex in this relationship is less investigated. We aimed to evaluate sex-related differences on cardiometabolic risk factors and preclinical signs of target organ damage in adolescents with overweight/obesity (OW/OB). Methods : The main cross-sectional study included 988 adolescents (510 boys and 478 girls) with OW/OB aged 10–18 years. In all youths clinical and biochemical variables were evaluated and an abdominal echography was performed. Echocardiographic data for the assessment of left ventricular mass (LVM) and relative wall thickness (RWT) were available in an independent sample of 142 youths (67 boys and 75 girls), while echographic data of carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) were available in 107 youths (59 boys and 48 girls). Results : The three samples did not differ for age, body mass index, and sex distribution. In the main sample, boys showed higher waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) values ( p < 0.0001) and fasting glucose levels ( p = 0.002) than girls. Lower levels of estimates glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were found in girls vs boys ( p < 0.0001). No sex-related differences for prediabetes and hyperlipidemia were observed. A higher prevalence of WHtR ≥ 0.60 (57.3% vs 49.6%, p = 0.016) and fatty liver disease (FLD) (54.5% vs 38.3%, p < 0.0001) as well as a trend for high prevalence of hypertension (40.4 vs 34.7%, p = 0.06) were observed in boys vs girls. More, a higher prevalence of mild reduced eGFR (MReGFR) ( < 90 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ) was observed in girls vs boys (14.6% vs 9.6 %, p < 0.0001). In the sample with echocardiographic evaluation, boys showed higher levels of LVM ( p = 0.046), and RWT ( p = 0.003) than girls. Again, in the sample with carotid echography, boys showed higher levels of cIMT as compared to girls ( p = 0.011). Conclusions : Adolescent boys with OW/OB showed higher risk of abdominal adiposity, FLD, and increased cardiac and vascular impairment than girls, whereas the latter had a higher risk of MReGFR. Risk stratification by sex for cardiometabolic risk factors or preclinical signs of target organ damage should be considered in youths with OW/OB.
{"title":"Sex-Related Differences in Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents with Overweight or Obesity","authors":"P. Di Bonito, A. Di Sessa, M. Licenziati, D. Corica, M. Wasniewska, E. Miraglia del Giudice, A. Morandi, Claudio Maffeis, M. Faienza, E. Mozzillo, V. Calcaterra, F. Franco, G. Maltoni, N. Moio, A. Iannuzzi, Giuliana Valerio","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2504141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2504141","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Pediatric obesity is closely associated with cardiometabolic comorbidities, but the role of sex in this relationship is less investigated. We aimed to evaluate sex-related differences on cardiometabolic risk factors and preclinical signs of target organ damage in adolescents with overweight/obesity (OW/OB). Methods : The main cross-sectional study included 988 adolescents (510 boys and 478 girls) with OW/OB aged 10–18 years. In all youths clinical and biochemical variables were evaluated and an abdominal echography was performed. Echocardiographic data for the assessment of left ventricular mass (LVM) and relative wall thickness (RWT) were available in an independent sample of 142 youths (67 boys and 75 girls), while echographic data of carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) were available in 107 youths (59 boys and 48 girls). Results : The three samples did not differ for age, body mass index, and sex distribution. In the main sample, boys showed higher waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) values ( p < 0.0001) and fasting glucose levels ( p = 0.002) than girls. Lower levels of estimates glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were found in girls vs boys ( p < 0.0001). No sex-related differences for prediabetes and hyperlipidemia were observed. A higher prevalence of WHtR ≥ 0.60 (57.3% vs 49.6%, p = 0.016) and fatty liver disease (FLD) (54.5% vs 38.3%, p < 0.0001) as well as a trend for high prevalence of hypertension (40.4 vs 34.7%, p = 0.06) were observed in boys vs girls. More, a higher prevalence of mild reduced eGFR (MReGFR) ( < 90 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ) was observed in girls vs boys (14.6% vs 9.6 %, p < 0.0001). In the sample with echocardiographic evaluation, boys showed higher levels of LVM ( p = 0.046), and RWT ( p = 0.003) than girls. Again, in the sample with carotid echography, boys showed higher levels of cIMT as compared to girls ( p = 0.011). Conclusions : Adolescent boys with OW/OB showed higher risk of abdominal adiposity, FLD, and increased cardiac and vascular impairment than girls, whereas the latter had a higher risk of MReGFR. Risk stratification by sex for cardiometabolic risk factors or preclinical signs of target organ damage should be considered in youths with OW/OB.","PeriodicalId":507771,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"111 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140725994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multiple factors cause atherosclerosis, meaning its pathogenesis is complex, and has not been fully elucidated. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are a member of the fatty acid family, which are critical nutrients for mammalian growth and development. The types of polyunsaturated fatty acids ingested, their serum levels, and fatty acid desaturase can influence the atherosclerotic disease progression. The fatty acid desaturase gene cluster can regulate fatty acid desaturase activity and further affect atherosclerosis. This study reviewed the research progress on the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on atherosclerosis regulated by fatty acid desaturase and the relationship between genetic variants of the fatty acid desaturase gene cluster and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
{"title":"Relationship between Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis","authors":"Qiulei Liu, Zhaoxuan Liu, Ding Wu, Shen Wang","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2504142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2504142","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple factors cause atherosclerosis, meaning its pathogenesis is complex, and has not been fully elucidated. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are a member of the fatty acid family, which are critical nutrients for mammalian growth and development. The types of polyunsaturated fatty acids ingested, their serum levels, and fatty acid desaturase can influence the atherosclerotic disease progression. The fatty acid desaturase gene cluster can regulate fatty acid desaturase activity and further affect atherosclerosis. This study reviewed the research progress on the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on atherosclerosis regulated by fatty acid desaturase and the relationship between genetic variants of the fatty acid desaturase gene cluster and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease","PeriodicalId":507771,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140723778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. G. Robles, Z. Palamà, A. Scarà, A. Borrelli, D. Gianfrancesco, Francesco Bartolomucci, Martina Nesti, Elena Cavarretta, Gabriele De Masi De Luca, Silvio Romano, Luigi Sciarra
{"title":"Ablation of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: between Present and Future","authors":"A. G. Robles, Z. Palamà, A. Scarà, A. Borrelli, D. Gianfrancesco, Francesco Bartolomucci, Martina Nesti, Elena Cavarretta, Gabriele De Masi De Luca, Silvio Romano, Luigi Sciarra","doi":"10.31083/j.rcm2504140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm2504140","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":507771,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140729629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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