Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.29036/jots.v15i28.566
M. A. Asyraff, Mohd Hafiz Hanafiah, Nur Adilah Md Zain
This research study utilises Mehrabian and Russell's Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) model to explore the connections between various components of a destination image (cognitive, affective, and unique) and the intention of travellers to revisit Malaysia. A total of 402 responses were collected using purposive sampling. The Partial-Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) method was employed to examine the research model and its proposed hypotheses. The findings reveal that the cognitive and unique aspects of the destination image significantly influence the affective image. This quantitative analysis confirms that the destination image's unique and affective components significantly impact the intention to revisit. Interestingly, the cognitive image does not significantly impact the intention to revisit. The bootstrapping analysis demonstrates that the affective image mediates the relationship between the cognitive image and the intention to revisit. However, the unique image, indirectly through affective image, does not influence the intention to revisit. This study contributes to our understanding of the application of the extended SOR model by Mehrabian and Russell in the context of tourism, particularly regarding destination image dimensions in different settings, such as islands and travel bubble destinations. From a practical standpoint, the travel bubble is seen as an effective crisis management strategy employed by certain countries to stimulate their tourism industry in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders regarding creating a positive experience while maintaining appropriate preventive measures within the travel bubble program.
本研究利用 Mehrabian 和 Russell 的 "刺激-组织-反应（SOR）"模型来探讨目的地形象的各个组成部分（认知、情感和独特性）与游客重游马来西亚的意愿之间的联系。通过有目的的抽样，共收集到 402 份回复。研究采用了偏最小二乘法-结构方程模型（PLS-SEM）方法来检验研究模型及其提出的假设。研究结果表明，目的地形象的认知和独特方面对情感形象有重大影响。这一定量分析证实，目的地形象的独特性和情感因素对重游意向有重大影响。有趣的是，认知形象对重游意向的影响并不大。引导分析表明，情感形象在认知形象与重游意向之间起着中介作用。然而，通过情感形象间接影响的独特形象并不影响重访意向。本研究有助于我们理解 Mehrabian 和 Russell 的扩展 SOR 模型在旅游业中的应用，特别是在不同环境下的目的地形象维度，如海岛和旅游泡沫目的地。从实际角度来看，旅游泡沫被视为某些国家在 COVID-19 大流行时为刺激旅游业而采取的一种有效的危机管理策略。本研究为政策制定者和利益相关者提供了宝贵的见解，帮助他们在旅游泡沫计划中创造积极的体验，同时保持适当的预防措施。
{"title":"Travelling During Travel Bubble: Assessing the Interrelationship between Cognitive, Affective, Unique Image, and Future Revisit Intention","authors":"M. A. Asyraff, Mohd Hafiz Hanafiah, Nur Adilah Md Zain","doi":"10.29036/jots.v15i28.566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v15i28.566","url":null,"abstract":"This research study utilises Mehrabian and Russell's Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) model to explore the connections between various components of a destination image (cognitive, affective, and unique) and the intention of travellers to revisit Malaysia. A total of 402 responses were collected using purposive sampling. The Partial-Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) method was employed to examine the research model and its proposed hypotheses. The findings reveal that the cognitive and unique aspects of the destination image significantly influence the affective image. This quantitative analysis confirms that the destination image's unique and affective components significantly impact the intention to revisit. Interestingly, the cognitive image does not significantly impact the intention to revisit. The bootstrapping analysis demonstrates that the affective image mediates the relationship between the cognitive image and the intention to revisit. However, the unique image, indirectly through affective image, does not influence the intention to revisit. This study contributes to our understanding of the application of the extended SOR model by Mehrabian and Russell in the context of tourism, particularly regarding destination image dimensions in different settings, such as islands and travel bubble destinations. From a practical standpoint, the travel bubble is seen as an effective crisis management strategy employed by certain countries to stimulate their tourism industry in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders regarding creating a positive experience while maintaining appropriate preventive measures within the travel bubble program.","PeriodicalId":508461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":"28 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141340440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.29036/jots.v15i28.614
Jiří Strouhal, S. Dey, Jitka Kloudova, S. Hoang, Z. Tučková
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant and enduring effect on the tourism industry, specifically impacting travel agencies. To respond effectively, it is essential to comprehend the financial repercussions and challenges that these agencies confront. This study seeks to address existing gaps in knowledge by conducting a comprehensive examination of the tourism industry's financial performance in the post-COVID-19 era. Our methodology utilizes a Difference-In-Difference (D-I-D) approach, considering multiple investigations to establish a causal connection between the pandemic and the financial stability of tourism service providers. We analyse changes in the overall financial health of the tourism industry relative to other sectors both before and after the COVID-19 outbreak using Altman Z scores. Furthermore, we assess accounting harmonization across diverse jurisdictions and financial frameworks (IFRS, US GAAP, Czech GAAP, German HGB). Data is sourced from 11 multinational corporations in the tourism sector, supplemented with financial data from sectors such as Automotive, Manufacturing, Food and beverage, and Real Estate. Our empirical findings indicate that non-tourism entities experienced a 19% lower likelihood of bankruptcy post-COVID-19. This finding underscores the uniqueness of the tourism industry's challenges during the pandemic. In addition to these findings, we provide practical recommendations designed to assist companies in the tourism industry as they navigate the recovery phase following the pandemic. These insights are pivotal in enabling the industry to build resilient strategies and ensure its sustainability in a post-pandemic landscape.
{"title":"Unraveling the Financial Impact of COVID-19 on the Tourism Industry through a Difference-In-Difference Analysis","authors":"Jiří Strouhal, S. Dey, Jitka Kloudova, S. Hoang, Z. Tučková","doi":"10.29036/jots.v15i28.614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v15i28.614","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant and enduring effect on the tourism industry, specifically impacting travel agencies. To respond effectively, it is essential to comprehend the financial repercussions and challenges that these agencies confront. This study seeks to address existing gaps in knowledge by conducting a comprehensive examination of the tourism industry's financial performance in the post-COVID-19 era. Our methodology utilizes a Difference-In-Difference (D-I-D) approach, considering multiple investigations to establish a causal connection between the pandemic and the financial stability of tourism service providers. We analyse changes in the overall financial health of the tourism industry relative to other sectors both before and after the COVID-19 outbreak using Altman Z scores. Furthermore, we assess accounting harmonization across diverse jurisdictions and financial frameworks (IFRS, US GAAP, Czech GAAP, German HGB). Data is sourced from 11 multinational corporations in the tourism sector, supplemented with financial data from sectors such as Automotive, Manufacturing, Food and beverage, and Real Estate. Our empirical findings indicate that non-tourism entities experienced a 19% lower likelihood of bankruptcy post-COVID-19. This finding underscores the uniqueness of the tourism industry's challenges during the pandemic. In addition to these findings, we provide practical recommendations designed to assist companies in the tourism industry as they navigate the recovery phase following the pandemic. These insights are pivotal in enabling the industry to build resilient strategies and ensure its sustainability in a post-pandemic landscape.","PeriodicalId":508461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":"52 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141338583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Green hotels prioritize safety, health, and environmental sustainability, promoting eco-conscious practices in operations. As for green hotel operators, affecting travelers’ cognitive reactions to environmentally friendly practices and, ultimately, their booking intentions is important, especially since the impact of online hotel reviews on consumer behavior is significant. Therefore, the purposes of this study are to establish a measurement of online hotel reviews corresponding to source credibility and review characteristics for green hotels as well as to explore how green online hotel reviews relate to travelers’ green psychological cognition and influence their green hotel booking intentions based on a cognitive model and a knowledge-attitude-behavior model. The study design is a two-phase quantitative survey in the Penghu area, Taiwan, and investigates online hotel reviews with green issues that consider the perspectives of source attributes and content characteristics. This study distributed questionnaires for the first and second phases, which yielded 350 and 568 responses, respectively. A structural equation model (SEM) is used to examine the hypothesized relationships between source credibility, review characteristics, conformity, green perceived value and online green hotel booking intention. The results revealed that the source credibility and review characteristics represent valuable information to persuade travelers about choosing green hotels. Both conformity and green perceived value play important roles as mediators. This study also extends the current knowledge on the cognitive model and the knowledge-attitude-behavior model. A new path vision thus emerges to fill existing gaps in the literature.
{"title":"Exploring the Online Hotel Reviews on Travelers’ Green Psychological Cognition","authors":"Chung-Ming Chuang, Yu-Chen Yeh, Teng-Yuan Hsiao, Jyun-Yan Wu","doi":"10.29036/jots.v15i28.607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v15i28.607","url":null,"abstract":"Green hotels prioritize safety, health, and environmental sustainability, promoting eco-conscious practices in operations. As for green hotel operators, affecting travelers’ cognitive reactions to environmentally friendly practices and, ultimately, their booking intentions is important, especially since the impact of online hotel reviews on consumer behavior is significant. Therefore, the purposes of this study are to establish a measurement of online hotel reviews corresponding to source credibility and review characteristics for green hotels as well as to explore how green online hotel reviews relate to travelers’ green psychological cognition and influence their green hotel booking intentions based on a cognitive model and a knowledge-attitude-behavior model. The study design is a two-phase quantitative survey in the Penghu area, Taiwan, and investigates online hotel reviews with green issues that consider the perspectives of source attributes and content characteristics. This study distributed questionnaires for the first and second phases, which yielded 350 and 568 responses, respectively. A structural equation model (SEM) is used to examine the hypothesized relationships between source credibility, review characteristics, conformity, green perceived value and online green hotel booking intention. The results revealed that the source credibility and review characteristics represent valuable information to persuade travelers about choosing green hotels. Both conformity and green perceived value play important roles as mediators. This study also extends the current knowledge on the cognitive model and the knowledge-attitude-behavior model. A new path vision thus emerges to fill existing gaps in the literature.","PeriodicalId":508461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":"62 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141338311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.29036/jots.v15i28.758
Dalia Štreimikienė, Grigorios L. Kyriakopoulos
Climate change mitigation in the tourism sector is expanding research areas due to the importance of this sector and its rapid expansion. Aviation's contribution was found to be the most important source of GHG emissions from tourism. Also, the hospitality sector contributes a lot to GHG emissions in tourism destinations. Hospitality, constituting an essential component of the tourism industry, is a sector that has a high potential to reduce GHG and use of energy and water resources. Therefore, it is important to monitor the climate change mitigation performance of tourism destinations to achieve decarbonization of the tourism sector. The main objectives of this paper are to develop indicators of climate change mitigation performance of tourism destinations based on GHG indicators for the transport and hospitality sectors and apply this framework to assessment and ranking based on climate change mitigation performance of 4 main EU geographical regions as tourism destinations: Central, Northern, Southern, and Western Europe. This paper's main methodological approach is comparing and ranking different geographical regions in the European Union by assessing their climate change mitigation performance as tourist destinations. The study's main results showed that Finland, representing North Europe, is the best-performing country in climate change mitigation in tourism destinations. The second-best-performing geographical region is Western Europe. The worst-performing EU region based on climate change mitigation in tourism destinations was Central Europe. The South Europe region was found to be in a slightly better position than Central Europe but worse in comparison with Western Europe and especially in comparison to Northern Europe. The study's main implications provide policy recommendations for Central Europe as a tourism destination to increase energy and water use efficiency and the carbon footprint of the tourism sector.
{"title":"Climate Change Mitigation Performance in the EU Tourism Destination Sector","authors":"Dalia Štreimikienė, Grigorios L. Kyriakopoulos","doi":"10.29036/jots.v15i28.758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v15i28.758","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change mitigation in the tourism sector is expanding research areas due to the importance of this sector and its rapid expansion. Aviation's contribution was found to be the most important source of GHG emissions from tourism. Also, the hospitality sector contributes a lot to GHG emissions in tourism destinations. Hospitality, constituting an essential component of the tourism industry, is a sector that has a high potential to reduce GHG and use of energy and water resources. Therefore, it is important to monitor the climate change mitigation performance of tourism destinations to achieve decarbonization of the tourism sector. The main objectives of this paper are to develop indicators of climate change mitigation performance of tourism destinations based on GHG indicators for the transport and hospitality sectors and apply this framework to assessment and ranking based on climate change mitigation performance of 4 main EU geographical regions as tourism destinations: Central, Northern, Southern, and Western Europe. This paper's main methodological approach is comparing and ranking different geographical regions in the European Union by assessing their climate change mitigation performance as tourist destinations. The study's main results showed that Finland, representing North Europe, is the best-performing country in climate change mitigation in tourism destinations. The second-best-performing geographical region is Western Europe. The worst-performing EU region based on climate change mitigation in tourism destinations was Central Europe. The South Europe region was found to be in a slightly better position than Central Europe but worse in comparison with Western Europe and especially in comparison to Northern Europe. The study's main implications provide policy recommendations for Central Europe as a tourism destination to increase energy and water use efficiency and the carbon footprint of the tourism sector.","PeriodicalId":508461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":"112 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141342396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.29036/jots.v15i28.715
Alanawd Alshehri
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia launched Vision 2030 to diversify its economy beyond oil-related government revenue and grow tourism investments. This multifaceted road map includes promoting the country as a tourism destination on social media platforms. Alula is a key Saudi tourism destination characterized by mountainous landscapes and archaeological discoveries. This study investigates the dissemination of social media content that promotes #Alula on the Twitter (X) platform in order to examine the effectiveness of social media in reviving the tourism sector by disseminating tourism messages and connecting individuals with tourist destinations. We captured and analyzed the social graph of this hashtag using the social network analysis (SNA) tool – NodeXL - through December 2022. The findings reveal the structure and shape of the social media impact of #Alula on network clusters and influencers. We identified the main clusters, along with the powerful influencers that played a role in cultivating the network. These findings have important implications for the design and management of a social media presence and the promotion strategies for tourism destinations by focusing on cultivating a social network to actively promote a tourism destination and identify key players in such networks as they play important roles in disseminating content. Our findings is of interest to practitioners and academics. Practitioners can focus on incorporating SNA for tourism planning, management, and marketing strategies, while academics can pursue further research, focusing on cultivating social networks and identifying influential factors on network size and traverse.
{"title":"Social Media in Tourism: A Twitter (X) Social Graph Approach to #Alula","authors":"Alanawd Alshehri","doi":"10.29036/jots.v15i28.715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v15i28.715","url":null,"abstract":"The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia launched Vision 2030 to diversify its economy beyond oil-related government revenue and grow tourism investments. This multifaceted road map includes promoting the country as a tourism destination on social media platforms. Alula is a key Saudi tourism destination characterized by mountainous landscapes and archaeological discoveries. This study investigates the dissemination of social media content that promotes #Alula on the Twitter (X) platform in order to examine the effectiveness of social media in reviving the tourism sector by disseminating tourism messages and connecting individuals with tourist destinations. We captured and analyzed the social graph of this hashtag using the social network analysis (SNA) tool – NodeXL - through December 2022. The findings reveal the structure and shape of the social media impact of #Alula on network clusters and influencers. We identified the main clusters, along with the powerful influencers that played a role in cultivating the network. These findings have important implications for the design and management of a social media presence and the promotion strategies for tourism destinations by focusing on cultivating a social network to actively promote a tourism destination and identify key players in such networks as they play important roles in disseminating content. Our findings is of interest to practitioners and academics. Practitioners can focus on incorporating SNA for tourism planning, management, and marketing strategies, while academics can pursue further research, focusing on cultivating social networks and identifying influential factors on network size and traverse.","PeriodicalId":508461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":"37 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141344201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.29036/jots.v15i28.670
Francisco-José Borrego-Baslalobre, V. Morales-Baños, F. Zurita-Ortega, Arturo Díaz-Suárez
The quality of use of websites of entities managing nautical facilities was explored with the main objective of knowing its ability to attract potential users in the field of active tourism in nature. This activity is increasingly on the rise and has a significant impact on the economy. 304 websites were evaluated using the multipurpose model 2QCV3Q. It obtained these spaces have a good quality or even above average quality above average reference entities with a value of 3.55 (±0.7) in the Overall Evaluation. The best results were for the dimensions of Identity, Location, and Maintenance, identified as spearheading factors for good ratings. There was significance (p<0.05) between the Regions that were on the coast and those that were not, with the former performing better. Their websites can serve as reference models for those who want to position themselves in the sector through digital marketing. This was not the case when differentiating between island and mainland entities due to the great weight of mainland coastal institutions in the market. Furthermore, there is a quantity and quality predominance of Yacht Clubs, opposed to Companies, Schools and other types of entities, with more lucrative form of organisation. These Yacht Clubs' values position them as reference entities for the rest. The research's added value comprises that, in order to attract potential users, the elements on which web communication efforts should be focused are those related to brand identity, technical and maintenance aspects, and those related to interaction, communication with the user, and positioning in social networks. Selling the uniqueness of the natural space where the activity is carried out and the richness of its biodiversity can position the entity against others in the network through a strong brand identity.
{"title":"Website Quality of Entities Managing Nautical-Sports Facilities as a Leisure and Active Tourism Alternative","authors":"Francisco-José Borrego-Baslalobre, V. Morales-Baños, F. Zurita-Ortega, Arturo Díaz-Suárez","doi":"10.29036/jots.v15i28.670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v15i28.670","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of use of websites of entities managing nautical facilities was explored with the main objective of knowing its ability to attract potential users in the field of active tourism in nature. This activity is increasingly on the rise and has a significant impact on the economy. 304 websites were evaluated using the multipurpose model 2QCV3Q. It obtained these spaces have a good quality or even above average quality above average reference entities with a value of 3.55 (±0.7) in the Overall Evaluation. The best results were for the dimensions of Identity, Location, and Maintenance, identified as spearheading factors for good ratings. There was significance (p<0.05) between the Regions that were on the coast and those that were not, with the former performing better. Their websites can serve as reference models for those who want to position themselves in the sector through digital marketing. This was not the case when differentiating between island and mainland entities due to the great weight of mainland coastal institutions in the market. Furthermore, there is a quantity and quality predominance of Yacht Clubs, opposed to Companies, Schools and other types of entities, with more lucrative form of organisation. These Yacht Clubs' values position them as reference entities for the rest. The research's added value comprises that, in order to attract potential users, the elements on which web communication efforts should be focused are those related to brand identity, technical and maintenance aspects, and those related to interaction, communication with the user, and positioning in social networks. Selling the uniqueness of the natural space where the activity is carried out and the richness of its biodiversity can position the entity against others in the network through a strong brand identity.","PeriodicalId":508461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":"27 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141342806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.29036/jots.v15i28.663
Mohamed Abou-Shouk, Maryam T. Mannaa, Nagwa Zouair, Nidal Alzboun, M. Abdel-Jalil
Events have become increasingly significant in marketing and branding strategies. This study aims to examine the impact of local events on the destination marketing mix. It tests the effect of local events on destination image which in turn impacts visit intention and facilitates tourism recovery post-crises. To quantitatively explore the effect of local events, data were collected with an e-survey from three developing countries: the United Arab Emirates (535), Egypt (613), and Jordan (370). Using structural equation modelling, findings extended our knowledge about the positive role of local events on tourism destinations’ marketing, developing destination image, and fostering tourism recovery. The study provides managerial implications for enhancing marketing and promotion strategies. It presents useful insights for marketers and event planners on the positive effect of local events on tourism destinations' images, revisits intentions, and its subsequent effect on tourism recovery. Unlike previous studies, this study focuses on the impact of events on destination marketing mix and its effect on destination image, visitation intention, and tourism recovery.
{"title":"Local Events’ Marketing Mix Effect on Visit Intentions: Destination Image as a Mediator","authors":"Mohamed Abou-Shouk, Maryam T. Mannaa, Nagwa Zouair, Nidal Alzboun, M. Abdel-Jalil","doi":"10.29036/jots.v15i28.663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v15i28.663","url":null,"abstract":"Events have become increasingly significant in marketing and branding strategies. This study aims to examine the impact of local events on the destination marketing mix. It tests the effect of local events on destination image which in turn impacts visit intention and facilitates tourism recovery post-crises. To quantitatively explore the effect of local events, data were collected with an e-survey from three developing countries: the United Arab Emirates (535), Egypt (613), and Jordan (370). Using structural equation modelling, findings extended our knowledge about the positive role of local events on tourism destinations’ marketing, developing destination image, and fostering tourism recovery. The study provides managerial implications for enhancing marketing and promotion strategies. It presents useful insights for marketers and event planners on the positive effect of local events on tourism destinations' images, revisits intentions, and its subsequent effect on tourism recovery. Unlike previous studies, this study focuses on the impact of events on destination marketing mix and its effect on destination image, visitation intention, and tourism recovery.","PeriodicalId":508461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":"48 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141343663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.29036/jots.v15i28.552
Campo Elías López- Rodríguez, Jorge Alexander Mora Forero
The structuring of brand equity is a fundamental aspect at a strategic level for marketing management since its consolidation strengthens the market orientation of organizations, as well as the relationship with one of their main interest groups, consumers. The objective of this research is to design an instrument to measure the dimensions of brand equity in the airline industry from the users' perception. At the methodological level, an instrumental, analytical, and transversal study is carried out, complemented with an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis based on an instrument applied to 429 frequent consumers of Colombian airlines, which was analysed with the software The R Project for Statistical Computing and JASP software. The results determine that the new proposed instrument is composed of the following dimensions: the importance of Brand loyalty (IBL), quality and brand associations (QBA), brand awareness (BA), and brand performance (BP); from these, organizations in the airline sector will be able to strengthen the management of their brand equity and recognize the impact it has on their customers. It is concluded that this sector should continue to consolidate its brand equity as a strategic activity based on these dimensions, allowing it to increase the market
品牌资产的结构化是营销管理战略层面上的一个基本方面，因为品牌资产的巩固可以加强组织的市场导向，以及与组织的主要利益群体之一--消费者的关系。本研究的目的是设计一种工具，从用户感知的角度测量航空业的品牌资产维度。在方法论层面上，我们开展了一项工具性、分析性和横向研究，并在对 429 名经常乘坐哥伦比亚航空公司航班的消费者使用的工具基础上，辅以探索性和确认性因素分析，使用统计计算 R 项目软件和 JASP 软件对其进行了分析。结果表明，新提出的工具由以下几个维度组成：品牌忠诚度（IBL）、质量和品牌联想（QBA）、品牌认知度（BA）和品牌绩效（BP）的重要性；通过这些维度，航空业的组织机构将能够加强对其品牌资产的管理，并认识到品牌资产对其客户的影响。由此得出结论，航空业应继续巩固其品牌资产，将其作为基于这些维度的一项战略活动，从而提高其市场份额。
{"title":"Dimensions for Measuring Brand Equity in the Airlines Industry","authors":"Campo Elías López- Rodríguez, Jorge Alexander Mora Forero","doi":"10.29036/jots.v15i28.552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v15i28.552","url":null,"abstract":"The structuring of brand equity is a fundamental aspect at a strategic level for marketing management since its consolidation strengthens the market orientation of organizations, as well as the relationship with one of their main interest groups, consumers. The objective of this research is to design an instrument to measure the dimensions of brand equity in the airline industry from the users' perception. At the methodological level, an instrumental, analytical, and transversal study is carried out, complemented with an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis based on an instrument applied to 429 frequent consumers of Colombian airlines, which was analysed with the software The R Project for Statistical Computing and JASP software. The results determine that the new proposed instrument is composed of the following dimensions: the importance of Brand loyalty (IBL), quality and brand associations (QBA), brand awareness (BA), and brand performance (BP); from these, organizations in the airline sector will be able to strengthen the management of their brand equity and recognize the impact it has on their customers. It is concluded that this sector should continue to consolidate its brand equity as a strategic activity based on these dimensions, allowing it to increase the market","PeriodicalId":508461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141344921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.29036/jots.v15i28.629
Rudi Purwono, M. A. Esquivias, Lilik Sugiharti, Omar Rojas
We analyzed the relationship between tourism destination competitiveness (TDC) and economic performance using the Travel and Tourism Development Index (TTDI) and various tourism metrics. Employing a Structural Equation Model (SEM) and the latest available 2021 data, we focused on factors such as connectivity, infrastructure, demand drivers, sustainability, and the enabling environment. The findings indicated a positive correlation between these factors and the pillars of destination competitiveness. Key elements such as connectivity, infrastructure, demand drivers, sustainability, and enabling environment significantly influence TDC in Asia. Our research demonstrates that these indicators strongly affect various aspects of performance in Asian countries, including tourism arrivals, revenue, and job creation. We found a negative correlation between certain aspects of destination performance and tourism growth, suggesting that highly competitive destinations may experience lower growth rates than less competitive ones, thereby affecting the overall development of the sector. This highlights the necessity of specific strategies to leverage the positive influence of competitive tourist destinations on economic dynamics and job creation within a destination. This study highlights the crucial role of core resources and infrastructure in enhancing tourism performance and competitiveness, and advocates targeted efforts for sustainable and resilient sector growth. These findings offer valuable insights into the relationship between competitiveness and performance in the Asian tourism industry.
{"title":"Tourism Destination Performance and Competitiveness: The Impact on Revenues, Jobs, the Economy, and Growth","authors":"Rudi Purwono, M. A. Esquivias, Lilik Sugiharti, Omar Rojas","doi":"10.29036/jots.v15i28.629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v15i28.629","url":null,"abstract":"We analyzed the relationship between tourism destination competitiveness (TDC) and economic performance using the Travel and Tourism Development Index (TTDI) and various tourism metrics. Employing a Structural Equation Model (SEM) and the latest available 2021 data, we focused on factors such as connectivity, infrastructure, demand drivers, sustainability, and the enabling environment. The findings indicated a positive correlation between these factors and the pillars of destination competitiveness. Key elements such as connectivity, infrastructure, demand drivers, sustainability, and enabling environment significantly influence TDC in Asia. Our research demonstrates that these indicators strongly affect various aspects of performance in Asian countries, including tourism arrivals, revenue, and job creation. We found a negative correlation between certain aspects of destination performance and tourism growth, suggesting that highly competitive destinations may experience lower growth rates than less competitive ones, thereby affecting the overall development of the sector. This highlights the necessity of specific strategies to leverage the positive influence of competitive tourist destinations on economic dynamics and job creation within a destination. This study highlights the crucial role of core resources and infrastructure in enhancing tourism performance and competitiveness, and advocates targeted efforts for sustainable and resilient sector growth. These findings offer valuable insights into the relationship between competitiveness and performance in the Asian tourism industry.","PeriodicalId":508461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":"116 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141341990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.29036/jots.v15i28.679
Bee Lian Song, Devinder Kaur, Muthaloo Subramaniam, Poh Kiong Tee, Ling-Chai Wong, Nor Azrul Mohd Zin
The purpose of this study is to examine the consumer adoption of mobile augmented reality (AR) in the tourism industry in Malaysia. Drawing on the extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), interactivity, vividness, and information content factors are examined in relation to perceived usefulness (PU). and perceived ease of use (PEOU). Subsequently, both PU and PEOU are hypothesised towards customer engagement (CE), behavioural intention to use (BIU) and usage behaviour (UB). The study consists of 500 samples from consumers who have experienced the usage of mobile AR in the tourism industry in Malaysia. Using a quantitative approach, structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to analyse the collected data. The findings revealed that interactivity, vividness, and information content have positive effects on the PU and PEOU. PU and PEOU have positive effects on the CE, BIU, and UB. In theoretical contributions, the study contributes to the extension of TAM by adding interactivity, vividness, and information content as antecedents to PU and PEOU. This research also validated CE as the new dimension for consumer behavioural engagement that affects BIU and UB in the extended TAM. In practical contributions, the findings will assist tourism providers in strategic marketing planning and formulation to enhance mobile AR.
本研究旨在探讨马来西亚旅游业消费者对移动增强现实技术（AR）的采用情况。根据扩展的技术接受模型（TAM），研究了互动性、生动性和信息内容因素与感知有用性（PU）和感知易用性（PEOU）的关系。随后，对感知有用性和感知易用性与客户参与（CE）、使用行为意向（BIU）和使用行为（UB）之间的关系进行了假设。该研究由 500 个样本组成，这些样本来自马来西亚旅游业中使用过移动 AR 的消费者。研究采用定量方法，运用结构方程模型（SEM）对收集到的数据进行分析。研究结果显示，互动性、生动性和信息内容对 PU 和 PEOU 有积极影响。PU和PEOU对CE、BIU和UB有积极影响。在理论贡献方面，本研究通过增加互动性、生动性和信息内容作为 PU 和 PEOU 的前因，为 TAM 的扩展做出了贡献。本研究还验证了 CE 是影响扩展 TAM 中 BIU 和 UB 的消费者行为参与的新维度。在实际贡献方面，研究结果将有助于旅游提供商进行战略营销规划和制定，以增强移动 AR 的效果。
{"title":"The Adoption of Mobile Augmented Reality in Tourism Industry: Effects on Customer Engagement, Intention to Use and Usage Behaviour","authors":"Bee Lian Song, Devinder Kaur, Muthaloo Subramaniam, Poh Kiong Tee, Ling-Chai Wong, Nor Azrul Mohd Zin","doi":"10.29036/jots.v15i28.679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v15i28.679","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to examine the consumer adoption of mobile augmented reality (AR) in the tourism industry in Malaysia. Drawing on the extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), interactivity, vividness, and information content factors are examined in relation to perceived usefulness (PU). and perceived ease of use (PEOU). Subsequently, both PU and PEOU are hypothesised towards customer engagement (CE), behavioural intention to use (BIU) and usage behaviour (UB). The study consists of 500 samples from consumers who have experienced the usage of mobile AR in the tourism industry in Malaysia. Using a quantitative approach, structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to analyse the collected data. The findings revealed that interactivity, vividness, and information content have positive effects on the PU and PEOU. PU and PEOU have positive effects on the CE, BIU, and UB. In theoretical contributions, the study contributes to the extension of TAM by adding interactivity, vividness, and information content as antecedents to PU and PEOU. This research also validated CE as the new dimension for consumer behavioural engagement that affects BIU and UB in the extended TAM. In practical contributions, the findings will assist tourism providers in strategic marketing planning and formulation to enhance mobile AR. ","PeriodicalId":508461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism and Services","volume":"77 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141337865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：