This study examines the figurative conceptualization of the polysemic Amharic word fit ‘face.’ Based primarily on the “lexical approach,” the study shows how the meaning of “face” extends metaphorically and metonymically to such abstract concepts as time, emotions, and the intellect. Most of the face-related words in Amharic are also found in other languages, though cross-linguistic differences also exist. In the comparative study of body-part terms, a new approach is proposed, the “encompassing approach,” which claims that the contrastive study of body-part terms cannot be confined to a single term. Rather, it needs to consider the potential association between individual parts and specific cognitive processes. Once these processes are considered, the cross-linguistic variations between related body-part terms become marginal. We conclude that the (near)-universal status of body parts cannot be measured by examining the explicit use of a given part only.
{"title":"The semantics of the polysemic Amharic word fit ‘face’","authors":"Sérgio N. Menete, Guiying Jiang","doi":"10.1075/rcl.00173.men","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/rcl.00173.men","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study examines the figurative conceptualization of the polysemic Amharic word fit ‘face.’\u0000 Based primarily on the “lexical approach,” the study shows how the meaning of “face” extends metaphorically and metonymically to\u0000 such abstract concepts as time, emotions, and the intellect. Most of the face-related words in Amharic are also found in other\u0000 languages, though cross-linguistic differences also exist. In the comparative study of body-part terms, a new approach is\u0000 proposed, the “encompassing approach,” which claims that the contrastive study of body-part terms cannot be confined\u0000 to a single term. Rather, it needs to consider the potential association between individual parts and specific cognitive\u0000 processes. Once these processes are considered, the cross-linguistic variations between related body-part terms become marginal.\u0000 We conclude that the (near)-universal status of body parts cannot be measured by examining the explicit use of a given part only.","PeriodicalId":509448,"journal":{"name":"Review of Cognitive Linguistics","volume":"21 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139958471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, we examine the semantics of RA in Persian, focusing on the aspectual notion of delimitation. Delimitation is a term commonly used in the study of aspect and information structure. We distinguish between two functions of RA: as a semantic operator that measures delimited events involving mereological theme and incremental path verbs, and as an information-structural marker where RA serves as frame-setting accusative adjuncts. We also explore the aspectuality of RA in correlation with a motion construction involving a TA-headed goal phrase within the scope of RA. The motion event with TA, representing the vector, is rendered bounded through the influence of RA, indicating the endpoint of the path. Using Croft’s (2012) two-phase dimensional model of aspect, we demonstrate that TA and RA are both associated with delimitation, but operate on different axes of boundedness – TA on the qualitative axis and RA on the temporal axis.
在本文中，我们研究了波斯语中 RA 的语义，重点是方面概念 "delimitation"。划界是研究方面和信息结构的常用术语。我们区分了 RA 的两种功能：一是作为语义运算符，用于测量涉及单纯词主题和递增路径动词的划界事件；二是作为信息结构标记，RA 在其中充当框架设置的语气助词。我们还探讨了 RA 的方面性与涉及 RA 范围内以 TA 为首的目标短语的运动结构的相关性。在 RA 的影响下，代表矢量的 TA 所代表的运动事件被赋予了边界，表示路径的终点。利用 Croft（2012 年）的两阶段方面维度模型，我们证明 TA 和 RA 都与划界有关，但在不同的边界轴上运作--TA 在质轴上，RA 在时轴上。
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In this article, we examine the semantics of RA in Persian, focusing on the aspectual notion of delimitation. Delimitation is a term commonly used in the study of aspect and information structure. We distinguish between two functions of RA: as a semantic operator that measures delimited events involving mereological theme and incremental path verbs, and as an information-structural marker where RA serves as frame-setting accusative adjuncts. We also explore the aspectuality of RA in correlation with a motion construction involving a TA-headed goal phrase within the scope of RA. The motion event with TA, representing the vector, is rendered bounded through the influence of RA, indicating the endpoint of the path. Using Croft’s (2012) two-phase dimensional model of aspect, we demonstrate that TA and RA are both associated with delimitation, but operate on different axes of boundedness – TA on the qualitative axis and RA on the temporal axis.
在本文中，我们研究了波斯语中 RA 的语义，重点是方面概念 "delimitation"。划界是研究方面和信息结构的常用术语。我们区分了 RA 的两种功能：一是作为语义运算符，用于测量涉及单纯词主题和递增路径动词的划界事件；二是作为信息结构标记，RA 在其中充当框架设置的语气助词。我们还探讨了 RA 的方面性与涉及 RA 范围内以 TA 为首的目标短语的运动结构的相关性。在 RA 的影响下，代表矢量的 TA 所代表的运动事件被赋予了边界，表示路径的终点。利用 Croft（2012 年）的两阶段方面维度模型，我们证明 TA 和 RA 都与划界有关，但在不同的边界轴上运作--TA 在质轴上，RA 在时轴上。
{"title":"RA-marking, delimitation, and TA-headed directional PPs in Persian","authors":"Farhad Moezzipour, Neda Moezzipour","doi":"10.1075/rcl.00169.moe","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/rcl.00169.moe","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In this article, we examine the semantics of RA in Persian, focusing on the aspectual notion of delimitation. Delimitation is a term commonly used in the study of aspect and information structure. We distinguish between two functions of RA: as a semantic operator that measures delimited events involving mereological theme and incremental path verbs, and as an information-structural marker where RA serves as frame-setting accusative adjuncts. We also explore the aspectuality of RA in correlation with a motion construction involving a TA-headed goal phrase within the scope of RA. The motion event with TA, representing the vector, is rendered bounded through the influence of RA, indicating the endpoint of the path. Using Croft’s (2012) two-phase dimensional model of aspect, we demonstrate that TA and RA are both associated with delimitation, but operate on different axes of boundedness – TA on the qualitative axis and RA on the temporal axis.","PeriodicalId":509448,"journal":{"name":"Review of Cognitive Linguistics","volume":"53 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139779739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many studies on cognitive-semantic analysis focus on the patterns of polysemy of prepositions and the explanation of how the multiple senses of prepositions are related in systematic ways. Only a few publications pay attention to the contrastive analysis of prepositions in different languages. The article addresses this gap in research literature and aims: to present a contrastive analysis of the English preposition on and its Italian and Russian partial equivalents in order to uncover the main areas of semantic asymmetry between them; to compare patterns of semantic extensions (from spatial to nonspatial senses) of these prepositions, and to determine how the similarities and differences in their spatial senses explain the similarities and differences in their nonspatial senses. The article follows a conceptual metaphor approach. Since most of the conceptual metaphors and metonyms are common cross-linguistically, similarities in patterns of semantic extensions of prepositions can be explained through the conceptual metaphors and metonymies on which these extensions are based. The article also demonstrates how the similarities and differences in spatial senses of the English preposition on, Italian su, and Russian na explain the similarities and differences in their nonspatial senses.
许多关于认知-语义分析的研究都侧重于介词的多义性模式，以及解释介词的多种意义如何以系统的方式相互关联。只有少数出版物关注不同语言中介词的对比分析。本文针对研究文献中的这一空白，旨在：对英语介词 on 及其意大利语和俄语部分对应词进行对比分析，以揭示它们之间语义不对称的主要方面；比较这些介词的语义扩展（从空间意义到非空间意义）模式，并确定它们空间意义上的异同如何解释它们非空间意义上的异同。本文采用概念隐喻法。由于大多数概念隐喻和隐语在跨语言中是通用的，因此介词语义扩展模式的相似性可以通过这些扩展所依据的概念隐喻和隐语来解释。文章还展示了英语介词 on、意大利语 su 和俄语 na 在空间意义上的异同是如何解释它们在非空间意义上的异同的。
{"title":"Contrasting the semantics of prepositions through a cognitive linguistic approach","authors":"M. Kalyuga, Sofya Yunusova","doi":"10.1075/rcl.00170.kal","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/rcl.00170.kal","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Many studies on cognitive-semantic analysis focus on the patterns of polysemy of prepositions and the explanation\u0000 of how the multiple senses of prepositions are related in systematic ways. Only a few publications pay attention to the\u0000 contrastive analysis of prepositions in different languages. The article addresses this gap in research literature and aims: to\u0000 present a contrastive analysis of the English preposition on and its Italian and Russian partial equivalents in\u0000 order to uncover the main areas of semantic asymmetry between them; to compare patterns of semantic extensions (from spatial to\u0000 nonspatial senses) of these prepositions, and to determine how the similarities and differences in their spatial senses explain\u0000 the similarities and differences in their nonspatial senses. The article follows a conceptual metaphor approach. Since most of the\u0000 conceptual metaphors and metonyms are common cross-linguistically, similarities in patterns of semantic extensions of prepositions\u0000 can be explained through the conceptual metaphors and metonymies on which these extensions are based. The article also\u0000 demonstrates how the similarities and differences in spatial senses of the English preposition on, Italian\u0000 su, and Russian na explain the similarities and differences in their nonspatial senses.","PeriodicalId":509448,"journal":{"name":"Review of Cognitive Linguistics","volume":"68 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139808804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many studies on cognitive-semantic analysis focus on the patterns of polysemy of prepositions and the explanation of how the multiple senses of prepositions are related in systematic ways. Only a few publications pay attention to the contrastive analysis of prepositions in different languages. The article addresses this gap in research literature and aims: to present a contrastive analysis of the English preposition on and its Italian and Russian partial equivalents in order to uncover the main areas of semantic asymmetry between them; to compare patterns of semantic extensions (from spatial to nonspatial senses) of these prepositions, and to determine how the similarities and differences in their spatial senses explain the similarities and differences in their nonspatial senses. The article follows a conceptual metaphor approach. Since most of the conceptual metaphors and metonyms are common cross-linguistically, similarities in patterns of semantic extensions of prepositions can be explained through the conceptual metaphors and metonymies on which these extensions are based. The article also demonstrates how the similarities and differences in spatial senses of the English preposition on, Italian su, and Russian na explain the similarities and differences in their nonspatial senses.
许多关于认知-语义分析的研究都侧重于介词的多义性模式，以及解释介词的多种意义如何以系统的方式相互关联。只有少数出版物关注不同语言中介词的对比分析。本文针对研究文献中的这一空白，旨在：对英语介词 on 及其意大利语和俄语部分对应词进行对比分析，以揭示它们之间语义不对称的主要方面；比较这些介词的语义扩展（从空间意义到非空间意义）模式，并确定它们空间意义上的异同如何解释它们非空间意义上的异同。本文采用概念隐喻法。由于大多数概念隐喻和隐语在跨语言中是通用的，因此介词语义扩展模式的相似性可以通过这些扩展所依据的概念隐喻和隐语来解释。文章还展示了英语介词 on、意大利语 su 和俄语 na 在空间意义上的异同是如何解释它们在非空间意义上的异同的。
{"title":"Contrasting the semantics of prepositions through a cognitive linguistic approach","authors":"M. Kalyuga, Sofya Yunusova","doi":"10.1075/rcl.00170.kal","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/rcl.00170.kal","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Many studies on cognitive-semantic analysis focus on the patterns of polysemy of prepositions and the explanation\u0000 of how the multiple senses of prepositions are related in systematic ways. Only a few publications pay attention to the\u0000 contrastive analysis of prepositions in different languages. The article addresses this gap in research literature and aims: to\u0000 present a contrastive analysis of the English preposition on and its Italian and Russian partial equivalents in\u0000 order to uncover the main areas of semantic asymmetry between them; to compare patterns of semantic extensions (from spatial to\u0000 nonspatial senses) of these prepositions, and to determine how the similarities and differences in their spatial senses explain\u0000 the similarities and differences in their nonspatial senses. The article follows a conceptual metaphor approach. Since most of the\u0000 conceptual metaphors and metonyms are common cross-linguistically, similarities in patterns of semantic extensions of prepositions\u0000 can be explained through the conceptual metaphors and metonymies on which these extensions are based. The article also\u0000 demonstrates how the similarities and differences in spatial senses of the English preposition on, Italian\u0000 su, and Russian na explain the similarities and differences in their nonspatial senses.","PeriodicalId":509448,"journal":{"name":"Review of Cognitive Linguistics","volume":"40 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139868654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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