Pub Date : 2024-08-09DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1407555
Simer Shera, William Katzka, J. Yang, Candace Chang, Nerea Arias-Jayo, V. Lagishetty, Anna Balioukova, Yijun Chen, Erik P. Dutson, Zhaoping Li, Emeran A. Mayer, Joseph R. Pisegna, C. Sanmiguel, Shrey Pawar, David Zhang, Madelaine Leitman, Laura Hernandez, Jonathan P. Jacobs, Tien S. Dong
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects nearly 25% of the population and is the leading cause for liver-related mortality. Bariatric surgery is a well-known treatment for MASLD and obesity. Understanding the fundamental mechanisms by which bariatric surgery can alter MASLD can lead to new avenues of therapy and research. Previous studies have identified the microbiome’s role in bariatric surgery and in inflammatory immune cell populations. The host innate immune system modulates hepatic inflammation and fibrosis, and thus the progression of MASLD. The precise role of immune cell types in the pathogenesis of MASLD remains an active area of investigation. The aim of this study was to understand the interplay between microbiota composition post-bariatric surgery and the immune system in MASLD.Eighteen morbidly obese females undergoing sleeve gastrectomy were followed pre-and post-surgery. Stool from four patients, showing resolved MASLD post-surgery with sustained weight loss, was transplanted into antibiotic treated mice. Mice received pre-or post-surgery stool and were fed a standard or high-fat diet. Bodyweight, food intake, and physiological parameters were tracked weekly. Metabolic parameters were measured post-study termination.The human study revealed that bariatric surgery led to significant weight loss (p > 0.05), decreased inflammatory markers, and improved glucose levels six months post-surgery. Patients with weight loss of 20% or more showed distinct changes in blood metabolites and gut microbiome composition, notably an increase in Bacteroides. The mouse model confirmed surgery-induced microbiome changes to be a major factor in the reduction of markers and attenuation of MASLD progression. Mice receiving post-surgery fecal transplants had significantly less weight gain and liver steatosis compared to pre-surgery recipients. There was also a significant decrease in inflammatory cytokines interferon gamma, interleukin 2, interleukin 15, and mig. This was accompanied by alterations in liver immunophenotype, including an increase in natural killer T cells and reduction of Kupfer cells in the post-surgery transplant group.Our findings suggest surgery induced microbial changes significantly reduce inflammatory markers and fatty liver progression. The results indicate a potential causal link between the microbiome and the host immune system, possibly mediated through modulation of liver NKT and Kupffer cells.
{"title":"Bariatric-induced microbiome changes alter MASLD development in association with changes in the innate immune system","authors":"Simer Shera, William Katzka, J. Yang, Candace Chang, Nerea Arias-Jayo, V. Lagishetty, Anna Balioukova, Yijun Chen, Erik P. Dutson, Zhaoping Li, Emeran A. Mayer, Joseph R. Pisegna, C. Sanmiguel, Shrey Pawar, David Zhang, Madelaine Leitman, Laura Hernandez, Jonathan P. Jacobs, Tien S. Dong","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1407555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1407555","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects nearly 25% of the population and is the leading cause for liver-related mortality. Bariatric surgery is a well-known treatment for MASLD and obesity. Understanding the fundamental mechanisms by which bariatric surgery can alter MASLD can lead to new avenues of therapy and research. Previous studies have identified the microbiome’s role in bariatric surgery and in inflammatory immune cell populations. The host innate immune system modulates hepatic inflammation and fibrosis, and thus the progression of MASLD. The precise role of immune cell types in the pathogenesis of MASLD remains an active area of investigation. The aim of this study was to understand the interplay between microbiota composition post-bariatric surgery and the immune system in MASLD.Eighteen morbidly obese females undergoing sleeve gastrectomy were followed pre-and post-surgery. Stool from four patients, showing resolved MASLD post-surgery with sustained weight loss, was transplanted into antibiotic treated mice. Mice received pre-or post-surgery stool and were fed a standard or high-fat diet. Bodyweight, food intake, and physiological parameters were tracked weekly. Metabolic parameters were measured post-study termination.The human study revealed that bariatric surgery led to significant weight loss (p > 0.05), decreased inflammatory markers, and improved glucose levels six months post-surgery. Patients with weight loss of 20% or more showed distinct changes in blood metabolites and gut microbiome composition, notably an increase in Bacteroides. The mouse model confirmed surgery-induced microbiome changes to be a major factor in the reduction of markers and attenuation of MASLD progression. Mice receiving post-surgery fecal transplants had significantly less weight gain and liver steatosis compared to pre-surgery recipients. There was also a significant decrease in inflammatory cytokines interferon gamma, interleukin 2, interleukin 15, and mig. This was accompanied by alterations in liver immunophenotype, including an increase in natural killer T cells and reduction of Kupfer cells in the post-surgery transplant group.Our findings suggest surgery induced microbial changes significantly reduce inflammatory markers and fatty liver progression. The results indicate a potential causal link between the microbiome and the host immune system, possibly mediated through modulation of liver NKT and Kupffer cells.","PeriodicalId":509565,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141925054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-09DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1448997
Huabin Wang, Miao Fu, Wei Chen, Yongjun Ma
Previous studies have compared the incidence of pertussis before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, finding that public health measures related to COVID-19 contributed to a temporary decline in reported pertussis cases during the pandemic. However, the post-pandemic period has seen a resurgence in respiratory infections, influenced by relaxed health measures and decreased public vigilance. This study investigates the epidemiological dynamics of pertussis among patients with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) in Zhejiang Province, China, providing essential reference information for ongoing public health strategies.This study analyzed multicenter data from January 2023 to May 2024, involving 8,560 patients with ARTI from three hospitals in Zhejiang Province. Inclusion criteria included patients who presented with cough symptoms and were clinically diagnosed with either acute upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) or acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), and who had undergone at least one Bordetella pertussis DNA test. The study analyzed the epidemiological changes of pertussis positivity rates and their associations with time, age, gender, and diagnosis types (URTI and LRTI).From January 2023 to May 2024, the positivity rate and testing number for pertussis among patients with ARTI generally showed a gradual increasing pattern. In March 2024, the positivity rate reached its peak at 31.58%, followed by a weekly decline. The overall positivity rate was 23.59%, with no significant differences observed between genders. Pertussis incidence was higher in patients with LRTI (24.49%) compared to those with URTI (18.63%, OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.20–1.63, p < 0.001) and in outpatients (25.32%) compared to inpatients (6.09%, OR = 4.17, 95% CI: 3.07–5.64, p < 0.001). According to a generalized additive model analysis, there was a wave-shaped, non-linear relationship between age and pertussis incidence, with a relatively high rate observed in the 5 to 17 age group, peaking at age 10 (33.85%). Additionally, the impact of age, patient type, and diagnosis type on the pertussis infection rate varied across different age groups.After the COVID-19 pandemic, the positivity rate of pertussis in Zhejiang Province peaked in early 2024 and then showed a declining pattern. Children and adolescents were particularly affected, emphasizing the need for enhanced vaccination and public health interventions in this population.
{"title":"Post-COVID-19 pandemic changes in pertussis incidence among patients with acute respiratory tract infections in Zhejiang, China","authors":"Huabin Wang, Miao Fu, Wei Chen, Yongjun Ma","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1448997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1448997","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have compared the incidence of pertussis before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, finding that public health measures related to COVID-19 contributed to a temporary decline in reported pertussis cases during the pandemic. However, the post-pandemic period has seen a resurgence in respiratory infections, influenced by relaxed health measures and decreased public vigilance. This study investigates the epidemiological dynamics of pertussis among patients with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) in Zhejiang Province, China, providing essential reference information for ongoing public health strategies.This study analyzed multicenter data from January 2023 to May 2024, involving 8,560 patients with ARTI from three hospitals in Zhejiang Province. Inclusion criteria included patients who presented with cough symptoms and were clinically diagnosed with either acute upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) or acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), and who had undergone at least one Bordetella pertussis DNA test. The study analyzed the epidemiological changes of pertussis positivity rates and their associations with time, age, gender, and diagnosis types (URTI and LRTI).From January 2023 to May 2024, the positivity rate and testing number for pertussis among patients with ARTI generally showed a gradual increasing pattern. In March 2024, the positivity rate reached its peak at 31.58%, followed by a weekly decline. The overall positivity rate was 23.59%, with no significant differences observed between genders. Pertussis incidence was higher in patients with LRTI (24.49%) compared to those with URTI (18.63%, OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.20–1.63, p < 0.001) and in outpatients (25.32%) compared to inpatients (6.09%, OR = 4.17, 95% CI: 3.07–5.64, p < 0.001). According to a generalized additive model analysis, there was a wave-shaped, non-linear relationship between age and pertussis incidence, with a relatively high rate observed in the 5 to 17 age group, peaking at age 10 (33.85%). Additionally, the impact of age, patient type, and diagnosis type on the pertussis infection rate varied across different age groups.After the COVID-19 pandemic, the positivity rate of pertussis in Zhejiang Province peaked in early 2024 and then showed a declining pattern. Children and adolescents were particularly affected, emphasizing the need for enhanced vaccination and public health interventions in this population.","PeriodicalId":509565,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141921273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soil fungal communities play a crucial role in maintaining the ecological functions of alpine forest soil ecosystems. However, it is currently unclear how the distribution patterns of fungal communities in different soil layers of alpine forests will change along the elevational gradients.Therefore, Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology was employed to investigate fungal communities in three soil layers (0–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm) along an elevational gradient (3500 m to 4300 m) at Sygera Mountains, located in Bayi District, Nyingchi City, Tibet.The results indicated that: 1) Soil depth had a greater impact on fungal diversity than elevation, demonstrating a significant reduction in fungal diversity with increased soil depth but showing no significant difference with elevation changes in all soil layers. Within the 0–10 cm soil layer, both Basidiomycota and Ascomycota co-dominate the microbial community. However, as the soil depth increases to 10–20 and 20–30 cm soil layers, the Basidiomycota predominantly dominates. 2) Deterministic processes were dominant in the assembly mechanism of the 0–10 cm fungal community and remained unchanged with increasing elevation. By contrast, the assembly mechanisms of the 10–20 and 20–30 cm fungal communities shifted from deterministic to stochastic processes as elevation increased. 3) The network complexity of the 0–10 cm fungal community gradually increased with elevation, while that of the 10–20 and 20–30 cm fungal communities exhibited a decreasing trend. Compared to the 0–10 cm soil layer, more changes in the relative abundance of fungal biomarkers occurred in the 10–20 and 20–30 cm soil layers, indicating that the fungal communities at these depths are more sensitive to climate changes. Among the key factors driving these alterations, soil temperature and moisture soil water content stood out as pivotal in shaping the assembly mechanisms and network complexity of fungal communities. This study contributes to the understanding of soil fungal community patterns and drivers along elevational gradients in alpine ecosystems and provides important scientific evidence for predicting the functional responses of soil microbial ecosystems in alpine forests.
{"title":"Elevational distribution patterns and drivers factors of fungal community diversity at different soil depths in the Abies georgei var. smithii forests on Sygera Mountains, southeastern Tibet, China","authors":"Bo Zhang, Sijie Zhu, Jiangrong Li, Fangwei Fu, Liangna Guo, Jieting Li, Yibo Zhang, Yuzhuo Liu, Ganggang Chen, Gengxin Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1444260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1444260","url":null,"abstract":"Soil fungal communities play a crucial role in maintaining the ecological functions of alpine forest soil ecosystems. However, it is currently unclear how the distribution patterns of fungal communities in different soil layers of alpine forests will change along the elevational gradients.Therefore, Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology was employed to investigate fungal communities in three soil layers (0–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm) along an elevational gradient (3500 m to 4300 m) at Sygera Mountains, located in Bayi District, Nyingchi City, Tibet.The results indicated that: 1) Soil depth had a greater impact on fungal diversity than elevation, demonstrating a significant reduction in fungal diversity with increased soil depth but showing no significant difference with elevation changes in all soil layers. Within the 0–10 cm soil layer, both Basidiomycota and Ascomycota co-dominate the microbial community. However, as the soil depth increases to 10–20 and 20–30 cm soil layers, the Basidiomycota predominantly dominates. 2) Deterministic processes were dominant in the assembly mechanism of the 0–10 cm fungal community and remained unchanged with increasing elevation. By contrast, the assembly mechanisms of the 10–20 and 20–30 cm fungal communities shifted from deterministic to stochastic processes as elevation increased. 3) The network complexity of the 0–10 cm fungal community gradually increased with elevation, while that of the 10–20 and 20–30 cm fungal communities exhibited a decreasing trend. Compared to the 0–10 cm soil layer, more changes in the relative abundance of fungal biomarkers occurred in the 10–20 and 20–30 cm soil layers, indicating that the fungal communities at these depths are more sensitive to climate changes. Among the key factors driving these alterations, soil temperature and moisture soil water content stood out as pivotal in shaping the assembly mechanisms and network complexity of fungal communities. This study contributes to the understanding of soil fungal community patterns and drivers along elevational gradients in alpine ecosystems and provides important scientific evidence for predicting the functional responses of soil microbial ecosystems in alpine forests.","PeriodicalId":509565,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141925452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-09DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1459601
Yujie Hu, Wei Wang, Scott V. Nguyen, Guerrino Macori, Fengqin Li, Séamus Fanning
{"title":"Editorial: High-level antimicrobial resistance or hypervirulence in emerging and re-emerging “super-bug” foodborne pathogens: detection, mechanism, and dissemination from omics insights","authors":"Yujie Hu, Wei Wang, Scott V. Nguyen, Guerrino Macori, Fengqin Li, Séamus Fanning","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1459601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1459601","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":509565,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141924729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-09DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1442001
C. Prihatna, Qing Yan
Paraburkholderia phytofirmans PsJN is a plant symbiotic bacterium that can colonize a broad spectrum of plant hosts and frequently shows beneficial effects on plant growth. Exopolysaccharide (EPS) is known to be important in plant-bacteria interactions. Previously, we reported that EPS is required for PsJN to survive from drought stress and colonize in pea (Pisum sativum) under drought condition. However, whether EPS is necessary for PsJN to promote plant growth remains unknown. In this work, a comparative study was conducted between the wild-type PsJN and its ∆bceQ mutant that lacks EPS to investigate the role of EPS in PsJN to confer drought-stress tolerance on pea plant. Our results showed that wild type PsJN, but not the ∆bceQ mutant, promoted pea seed germination and seedlings growth under drought stress. Pea plants inoculated with the wild type PsJN had a higher level of drought tolerance, as shown by a better vegetative growth and enhanced nodule formation, than plants inoculated with the ∆bceQ mutant. Moreover, EPS plays a role in the plant colonization under drought stress, because the ∆bceQ mutant was unable to colonize pea seeds and roots as effectively as the wild type PsJN. Further, expression of the EPS biosynthesis genes in the bceOVN operon of the wild type PsJN was induced by the presence of glucose. Overall, this study demonstrated that PsJN can promote pea plant growth under drought conditions and EPS is required for PsJN to confer beneficial effects to host plant.
{"title":"Exopolysaccharide is required by Paraburkholderia phytofirmans PsJN to confer drought-stress tolerance in pea","authors":"C. Prihatna, Qing Yan","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1442001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1442001","url":null,"abstract":"Paraburkholderia phytofirmans PsJN is a plant symbiotic bacterium that can colonize a broad spectrum of plant hosts and frequently shows beneficial effects on plant growth. Exopolysaccharide (EPS) is known to be important in plant-bacteria interactions. Previously, we reported that EPS is required for PsJN to survive from drought stress and colonize in pea (Pisum sativum) under drought condition. However, whether EPS is necessary for PsJN to promote plant growth remains unknown. In this work, a comparative study was conducted between the wild-type PsJN and its ∆bceQ mutant that lacks EPS to investigate the role of EPS in PsJN to confer drought-stress tolerance on pea plant. Our results showed that wild type PsJN, but not the ∆bceQ mutant, promoted pea seed germination and seedlings growth under drought stress. Pea plants inoculated with the wild type PsJN had a higher level of drought tolerance, as shown by a better vegetative growth and enhanced nodule formation, than plants inoculated with the ∆bceQ mutant. Moreover, EPS plays a role in the plant colonization under drought stress, because the ∆bceQ mutant was unable to colonize pea seeds and roots as effectively as the wild type PsJN. Further, expression of the EPS biosynthesis genes in the bceOVN operon of the wild type PsJN was induced by the presence of glucose. Overall, this study demonstrated that PsJN can promote pea plant growth under drought conditions and EPS is required for PsJN to confer beneficial effects to host plant.","PeriodicalId":509565,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141924887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-09DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1469596
{"title":"Erratum: Insights into group-specific pattern of secondary metabolite gene cluster in Burkholderia genus","authors":"","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1469596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1469596","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":509565,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141924724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Herpesviridae family contains several human-related viruses, which are able to establish colonizing and latency in the human body, posing a significant threat to the prognosis of patients. Pulmonary infections represent one of the predominant infectious diseases globally, characterized by diverse and multifaceted clinical manifestations that have consistently attracted clinician’s concern. However, the relationship of herpesviruses on the prognosis of pulmonary infections and the respiratory microbiota remains poorly understood.Here, we retrospectively analyzed respiratory samples from 100 patients with pulmonary infection detected by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS).Employing mNGS, five herpesvirus species were detected: Human alphaherpesvirus 1 (HSV-1), Human gammaherpesvirus 4 (EBV), Human betaherpesvirus 5 (CMV), Human betaherpesvirus 7 (HHV-7), and Human betaherpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B). Regression analysis showed that the age and positivity of herpesviruses in patients were independently correlated with ICU admission rates. In addition, positivity of herpesvirus was related with increased ICU days and total hospital stay. The herpesvirus-positive group demonstrated markedly higher incidences of co-infections and fungi-positive, predominantly involving Pneumocystis jirovecii and Aspergillus fumigatus. Analysis of respiratory microbiota revealed a substantially altered community composition within the herpesvirus-positive group, and herpesviruses were significantly positively correlated with the diverse respiratory opportunistic pathogens.Overall results substantiate that the active herpesviruses in patients with pulmonary infections were significantly associated with high ICU admission rate. Moreover, the herpesviruses promotes the dysbiosis of the respiratory microbiota and an increased proportion of co-infections. These insights could contribute to unraveling the underlying mechanisms connecting active herpesviruses to the progression of severe illnesses.
{"title":"Active herpesviruses are associated with intensive care unit (ICU) admission in patients pulmonary infection and alter the respiratory microbiome","authors":"Zhiguang Liu, Chun-jian Qi, Yujia Shi, Tianyu Li, Yuan Fang, Qian Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1441476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1441476","url":null,"abstract":"The Herpesviridae family contains several human-related viruses, which are able to establish colonizing and latency in the human body, posing a significant threat to the prognosis of patients. Pulmonary infections represent one of the predominant infectious diseases globally, characterized by diverse and multifaceted clinical manifestations that have consistently attracted clinician’s concern. However, the relationship of herpesviruses on the prognosis of pulmonary infections and the respiratory microbiota remains poorly understood.Here, we retrospectively analyzed respiratory samples from 100 patients with pulmonary infection detected by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS).Employing mNGS, five herpesvirus species were detected: Human alphaherpesvirus 1 (HSV-1), Human gammaherpesvirus 4 (EBV), Human betaherpesvirus 5 (CMV), Human betaherpesvirus 7 (HHV-7), and Human betaherpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B). Regression analysis showed that the age and positivity of herpesviruses in patients were independently correlated with ICU admission rates. In addition, positivity of herpesvirus was related with increased ICU days and total hospital stay. The herpesvirus-positive group demonstrated markedly higher incidences of co-infections and fungi-positive, predominantly involving Pneumocystis jirovecii and Aspergillus fumigatus. Analysis of respiratory microbiota revealed a substantially altered community composition within the herpesvirus-positive group, and herpesviruses were significantly positively correlated with the diverse respiratory opportunistic pathogens.Overall results substantiate that the active herpesviruses in patients with pulmonary infections were significantly associated with high ICU admission rate. Moreover, the herpesviruses promotes the dysbiosis of the respiratory microbiota and an increased proportion of co-infections. These insights could contribute to unraveling the underlying mechanisms connecting active herpesviruses to the progression of severe illnesses.","PeriodicalId":509565,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141921584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1470240
Jianling Fan, Yichao Shi, Yunliang Li
{"title":"Editorial: Microorganisms in sustainable and green agriculture: synergistic effect on carbon sequestration and crop productivity","authors":"Jianling Fan, Yichao Shi, Yunliang Li","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1470240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1470240","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":509565,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141927439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1395751
Alba Iglesias, Lorena Martínez, Daniel Torrent, Manuel Porcar
Microwaves have become an essential part of the modern kitchen, but their potential as a reservoir for bacterial colonization and the microbial composition within them remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the bacterial communities in microwave ovens and compared the microbial composition of domestic microwaves, microwaves used in shared large spaces, and laboratory microwaves, using next-generation sequencing and culturing techniques. The microwave oven bacterial population was dominated by Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes, similar to the bacterial composition of human skin. Comparison with other environments revealed that the bacterial composition of domestic microwaves was similar to that of kitchen surfaces, whereas laboratory microwaves had a higher abundance of taxa known for their ability to withstand microwave radiation, high temperatures and desiccation. These results suggest that different selective pressures, such as human contact, nutrient availability and radiation levels, may explain the differences observed between domestic and laboratory microwaves. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into microwave ovens bacterial communities and their potential biotechnological applications.
{"title":"The microwave bacteriome: biodiversity of domestic and laboratory microwave ovens","authors":"Alba Iglesias, Lorena Martínez, Daniel Torrent, Manuel Porcar","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1395751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1395751","url":null,"abstract":"Microwaves have become an essential part of the modern kitchen, but their potential as a reservoir for bacterial colonization and the microbial composition within them remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the bacterial communities in microwave ovens and compared the microbial composition of domestic microwaves, microwaves used in shared large spaces, and laboratory microwaves, using next-generation sequencing and culturing techniques. The microwave oven bacterial population was dominated by Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes, similar to the bacterial composition of human skin. Comparison with other environments revealed that the bacterial composition of domestic microwaves was similar to that of kitchen surfaces, whereas laboratory microwaves had a higher abundance of taxa known for their ability to withstand microwave radiation, high temperatures and desiccation. These results suggest that different selective pressures, such as human contact, nutrient availability and radiation levels, may explain the differences observed between domestic and laboratory microwaves. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into microwave ovens bacterial communities and their potential biotechnological applications.","PeriodicalId":509565,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1423980
Gustavo Santoyo, M. D. C. Orozco-Mosqueda, Muhammad Siddique Afridi, Debasis Mitra, Eduardo Valencia-Cantero, L. Macías-Rodríguez
Saline soils pose significant challenges to global agricultural productivity, hindering crop growth and efficiency. Despite various mitigation strategies, the issue persists, underscoring the need for innovative and sustainable solutions. One promising approach involves leveraging microorganisms and their plant interactions to reclaim saline soils and bolster crop yields. This review highlights pioneering and recent advancements in utilizing multi-traits Trichoderma and Bacillus species as potent promoters of plant growth and health. It examines the multifaceted impacts of saline stress on plants and microbes, elucidating their physiological and molecular responses. Additionally, it delves into the role of ACC deaminase in mitigating plant ethylene levels by Trichoderma and Bacillus species. Although there are several studies on Trichoderma-Bacillus, much remains to be understood about their synergistic relationships and their potential as auxiliaries in the phytoremediation of saline soils, which is why this work addresses these challenges.
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