Among Aculeata, only bumblebees (Bombus spp.) have long been popular targets of entomological research in the Russian Arctic, whereas the information on wasps, ants and solitary bees from this region is scarce. Sampling in the surroundings of Nary-an-Mar in the years 2013, 2015 and 2019 yielded 39 species of Aculeata, among which 27 species are for the first time reported from the Nenets Autonomous Okrug (NAO). Noteworthy findings include Gorytes neglectus, Lasioglossum boreale, Mimumesa littoralis, Odynerus alpinus and Osmia maritima. Combined with published information, our data increased the fauna of aculeate Hymenoptera of NAO to 61 species. We also list and discuss erroneous or doubtful records of additional 11 species. Collection localities are provided for each species. Based on comparisons with northern Finland and the Murmansk Oblast in Russia we estimate that about 60 additional aculeate species could still be found in NAO.
{"title":"Stinging Wasps, Ants and Bees (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Northern Russia","authors":"Juho Paukkunen, M. Kozlov","doi":"10.5735/086.057.0112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5735/086.057.0112","url":null,"abstract":"Among Aculeata, only bumblebees (Bombus spp.) have long been popular targets of entomological research in the Russian Arctic, whereas the information on wasps, ants and solitary bees from this region is scarce. Sampling in the surroundings of Nary-an-Mar in the years 2013, 2015 and 2019 yielded 39 species of Aculeata, among which 27 species are for the first time reported from the Nenets Autonomous Okrug (NAO). Noteworthy findings include Gorytes neglectus, Lasioglossum boreale, Mimumesa littoralis, Odynerus alpinus and Osmia maritima. Combined with published information, our data increased the fauna of aculeate Hymenoptera of NAO to 61 species. We also list and discuss erroneous or doubtful records of additional 11 species. Collection localities are provided for each species. Based on comparisons with northern Finland and the Murmansk Oblast in Russia we estimate that about 60 additional aculeate species could still be found in NAO.","PeriodicalId":50968,"journal":{"name":"Annales Zoologici Fennici","volume":"57 1","pages":"115 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47985935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many species shift their distribution northwards due to changing climate, which may bring previously isolated species into contact. In some cases, this can lead to competition and crossbreeding among congeneric species. Due to milder winters, several hare species (Lepus spp.) have shifted poleward or to higher elevations and currently occur in sympatry. There are limited data on the spatial ecology of northern brown hares (L. europaeus), and on possible joint space use with mountain hares (L. timidus), although species are known to frequently crossbreed. We estimated home ranges of 12 brown and 12 mountain hares in eastern Finland using GPS telemetry. The total home-range median areas were 111 ha for brown hares and 105 ha for mountain hares. The median core areas of these species were 5 and 3 ha, respectively. Individual home ranges and core areas of the studied species overlapped. Interspecific interaction seems to be frequent during the breeding season, which also enables crossbreeding.
{"title":"Home Ranges of Semi-Urban Brown Hares (Lepus europaeus) and Mountain Hares (Lepus timidus) at Northern Latitudes","authors":"R. Levänen, J. Pohjoismäki, M. Kunnasranta","doi":"10.5735/086.056.0110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5735/086.056.0110","url":null,"abstract":"Many species shift their distribution northwards due to changing climate, which may bring previously isolated species into contact. In some cases, this can lead to competition and crossbreeding among congeneric species. Due to milder winters, several hare species (Lepus spp.) have shifted poleward or to higher elevations and currently occur in sympatry. There are limited data on the spatial ecology of northern brown hares (L. europaeus), and on possible joint space use with mountain hares (L. timidus), although species are known to frequently crossbreed. We estimated home ranges of 12 brown and 12 mountain hares in eastern Finland using GPS telemetry. The total home-range median areas were 111 ha for brown hares and 105 ha for mountain hares. The median core areas of these species were 5 and 3 ha, respectively. Individual home ranges and core areas of the studied species overlapped. Interspecific interaction seems to be frequent during the breeding season, which also enables crossbreeding.","PeriodicalId":50968,"journal":{"name":"Annales Zoologici Fennici","volume":"56 1","pages":"107 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44309596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cynips quercus is a with widespread oak-gall wasp species distributed across the Western Palearctic from Europe, the northern Caucasus and North Africa to Iran. In this study, we used 175 asexual-generation individuals of C. quercus collected from 30 localities in Turkey to investigate the effects of topography and climatic factors on the phylogeographic structure of the species. Sequence analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene (MT-CYB) and the nuclear ITS2 region supported a genetic break between the eastern and the western sides of the Anatolian Diagonal. The ITS2 results indicated that the populations underwent expansion, while in contrast the MT-CYB data implied a stable population structure for C. quercus. Molecular clock applied to the MT-CYB data suggested that the climatic and environmental changes during the Pliocene and Pleistocene had a profound effect on the phylogeography of the species.
{"title":"The Anatolian Diagonal and Paleoclimatic Changes Shaped the Phylogeography of Cynips quercus (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae)","authors":"S. Mutun, Serdar Di̇nç","doi":"10.5735/086.056.0107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5735/086.056.0107","url":null,"abstract":"Cynips quercus is a with widespread oak-gall wasp species distributed across the Western Palearctic from Europe, the northern Caucasus and North Africa to Iran. In this study, we used 175 asexual-generation individuals of C. quercus collected from 30 localities in Turkey to investigate the effects of topography and climatic factors on the phylogeographic structure of the species. Sequence analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene (MT-CYB) and the nuclear ITS2 region supported a genetic break between the eastern and the western sides of the Anatolian Diagonal. The ITS2 results indicated that the populations underwent expansion, while in contrast the MT-CYB data implied a stable population structure for C. quercus. Molecular clock applied to the MT-CYB data suggested that the climatic and environmental changes during the Pliocene and Pleistocene had a profound effect on the phylogeography of the species.","PeriodicalId":50968,"journal":{"name":"Annales Zoologici Fennici","volume":"56 1","pages":"65 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43748672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new species, Haplotropis shandongensis, from Shandong, China, is described and illustrated. It resembles Haplotropis xiai, but differs from it by the frontal ridge of male being not narrow near the vertex, Krauss' organ of male having 11 keels, the tegmina of male being shorter, not reaching the hind margin of the first abdominal tergite, covering 1/5 of the tympanum, the basal part of cercus being wide in male, epiphallus has 42 spikes, the hind margin of the pronotum of female being curved in middle and the apical half of the subgenital plate being wider than its basal half in female.
{"title":"Haplotropis shandongensis (Orthoptera, Acridoidea: Pamphagidae), a New Species from Shandong, China","authors":"DA-PENG Zhang, Xiangchu Yin, Y. Liu","doi":"10.5735/086.056.0113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5735/086.056.0113","url":null,"abstract":"A new species, Haplotropis shandongensis, from Shandong, China, is described and illustrated. It resembles Haplotropis xiai, but differs from it by the frontal ridge of male being not narrow near the vertex, Krauss' organ of male having 11 keels, the tegmina of male being shorter, not reaching the hind margin of the first abdominal tergite, covering 1/5 of the tympanum, the basal part of cercus being wide in male, epiphallus has 42 spikes, the hind margin of the pronotum of female being curved in middle and the apical half of the subgenital plate being wider than its basal half in female.","PeriodicalId":50968,"journal":{"name":"Annales Zoologici Fennici","volume":"56 1","pages":"143 - 146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43632627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bean beetles (Callosobruchus maculatus) are known to evaluate their host quality and texture of seed coat. However, the effect of seed-coat colour on oviposition decision has remained unclear. Cowpea seeds, in which white and brown areas are equals in size, were chosen for oviposition decision tests. Females laid more eggs onto the brown than white area under both low and high beetle densities. However, in high beetle density, females distributed their eggs more uniformly onto both areas, i.e. high beetle density reduced the preference for the brown area probably to reduce competition among the offspring, and females also dumped some eggs. An additional test with sheets of paper covered with white and brown squares in the chessboard pattern showed that females laid more eggs onto brown than white areas. In conclusion, seed coat colour and beetle density affect oviposition in the bean beetle.
{"title":"Seed-Coat Colour Affects Oviposition in the Bean Beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)","authors":"Qianquan Chen, Jinjin Ma, Hua Yang, Jiahui Gong, Xiaoqin Gong, Qingbei Weng","doi":"10.5735/086.056.0116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5735/086.056.0116","url":null,"abstract":"Bean beetles (Callosobruchus maculatus) are known to evaluate their host quality and texture of seed coat. However, the effect of seed-coat colour on oviposition decision has remained unclear. Cowpea seeds, in which white and brown areas are equals in size, were chosen for oviposition decision tests. Females laid more eggs onto the brown than white area under both low and high beetle densities. However, in high beetle density, females distributed their eggs more uniformly onto both areas, i.e. high beetle density reduced the preference for the brown area probably to reduce competition among the offspring, and females also dumped some eggs. An additional test with sheets of paper covered with white and brown squares in the chessboard pattern showed that females laid more eggs onto brown than white areas. In conclusion, seed coat colour and beetle density affect oviposition in the bean beetle.","PeriodicalId":50968,"journal":{"name":"Annales Zoologici Fennici","volume":"123 ","pages":"199 - 205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41272864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new species, Orius (Heterorius) linnavuorii Moulet, Ghahari & Ostovan sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Anthocoridae), is described from Semnan Province (Iran). The species was collected on Acer velutinum, and confirmed as a predator of Asterobemisia atraphaxius. A checklist of 18 Iranian Orius species is provided.
{"title":"Orius (Heterorius) linnavuorii (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Anthocoridae), a New Species from Iran","authors":"P. Moulet, H. Ghahari, H. Ostovan","doi":"10.5735/086.056.0115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5735/086.056.0115","url":null,"abstract":"A new species, Orius (Heterorius) linnavuorii Moulet, Ghahari & Ostovan sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Anthocoridae), is described from Semnan Province (Iran). The species was collected on Acer velutinum, and confirmed as a predator of Asterobemisia atraphaxius. A checklist of 18 Iranian Orius species is provided.","PeriodicalId":50968,"journal":{"name":"Annales Zoologici Fennici","volume":"56 1","pages":"187 - 197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47801530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. B. Stauffer, M. Clauss, D. W. Müller, J. Hatt, Nicole L. Ackermans
The wear patterns on ungulate's teeth help to understand dietary habits during an individual's lifetime. Mesowear is a series of techniques used to detect tooth wear patterns at low magnification. While in mesowear I, and its simplified version mesowear II, the outer profile of a herbivore's molar cusps is observed to assign a diet, mesowear III (or inner-mesowear) scores the wear facets on the inner enamel band of the tooth. This approach was developed to detect finer dietary signals for shorter periods than the two former mesowear methods. We tested this method on skulls of 26 goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) fed different diets for six months, for which mesowear I and II had already been scored. Our goal was to explore the effects of diets with varying abrasiveness on the dietary signal, comparing signals recorded with both techniques. We found no differences in mesowear III signals among diets, regardless of visible tendency of more abrasive diets leading to higher mesowear scores. We also found no difference in time resolution between mesowear III and I.
{"title":"Testing Inner-Mesowear III on Goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) Fed Experimental Diets","authors":"J. B. Stauffer, M. Clauss, D. W. Müller, J. Hatt, Nicole L. Ackermans","doi":"10.5735/086.056.0108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5735/086.056.0108","url":null,"abstract":"The wear patterns on ungulate's teeth help to understand dietary habits during an individual's lifetime. Mesowear is a series of techniques used to detect tooth wear patterns at low magnification. While in mesowear I, and its simplified version mesowear II, the outer profile of a herbivore's molar cusps is observed to assign a diet, mesowear III (or inner-mesowear) scores the wear facets on the inner enamel band of the tooth. This approach was developed to detect finer dietary signals for shorter periods than the two former mesowear methods. We tested this method on skulls of 26 goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) fed different diets for six months, for which mesowear I and II had already been scored. Our goal was to explore the effects of diets with varying abrasiveness on the dietary signal, comparing signals recorded with both techniques. We found no differences in mesowear III signals among diets, regardless of visible tendency of more abrasive diets leading to higher mesowear scores. We also found no difference in time resolution between mesowear III and I.","PeriodicalId":50968,"journal":{"name":"Annales Zoologici Fennici","volume":"56 1","pages":"85 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43594469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The European species of Stenoselma Delucchi are reviewed herein. In addition to S. nigrum, a new species, S. moldavicum, is described from eastern Europe. A key to both species and a redescription of the S. nigrum female are also provided.
{"title":"The European Species of Stenoselma Delucchi (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)","authors":"M. Mitroiu, Gheorghe Manic, I. Andriescu","doi":"10.5735/086.056.0112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5735/086.056.0112","url":null,"abstract":"The European species of Stenoselma Delucchi are reviewed herein. In addition to S. nigrum, a new species, S. moldavicum, is described from eastern Europe. A key to both species and a redescription of the S. nigrum female are also provided.","PeriodicalId":50968,"journal":{"name":"Annales Zoologici Fennici","volume":"56 1","pages":"137 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43498160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Seniczak, T. Bolger, S. Roth, S. Seniczak, P. Djursvoll, B. Jordal
Broadleaf forests are rare in Norway and they are considered one of the most biodiverse terrestrial habitats in Fennoscandia. These forests are poorly studied in terms of their acarofauna. Mites of two groups, Oribatida and Mesostigmata, were studied in a broadleaf forest in western Norway. In total, 6350 oribatid mites, representing 67 species (i.e., 25% of the known Norwegian species) and 559 mesostigmatid mites representing 22 species (9% of the species recorded from Norway) were collected. The mean densities of Oribatida and Mesostigmata were 454 and 40 individuals per 0.5 dm3, respectively. The most abundant member of Oribatida was Oribatula exilis (29% of Oribatida collected), while Zercon lindrothi made up 59% of Mesostigmata. Fifteen of the oribatid species were first records for Norway, including six new to Fennoscandia: Phthiracarus compressus, Suctobelbella arcana, S. hammerae, S. prominens, Campachipteria patavina and Liebstadia longior.
{"title":"Diverse Mite Communities (Acari: Oribatida, Mesostigmata) from a Broadleaf Forest in Western Norway","authors":"A. Seniczak, T. Bolger, S. Roth, S. Seniczak, P. Djursvoll, B. Jordal","doi":"10.5735/086.056.0111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5735/086.056.0111","url":null,"abstract":"Broadleaf forests are rare in Norway and they are considered one of the most biodiverse terrestrial habitats in Fennoscandia. These forests are poorly studied in terms of their acarofauna. Mites of two groups, Oribatida and Mesostigmata, were studied in a broadleaf forest in western Norway. In total, 6350 oribatid mites, representing 67 species (i.e., 25% of the known Norwegian species) and 559 mesostigmatid mites representing 22 species (9% of the species recorded from Norway) were collected. The mean densities of Oribatida and Mesostigmata were 454 and 40 individuals per 0.5 dm3, respectively. The most abundant member of Oribatida was Oribatula exilis (29% of Oribatida collected), while Zercon lindrothi made up 59% of Mesostigmata. Fifteen of the oribatid species were first records for Norway, including six new to Fennoscandia: Phthiracarus compressus, Suctobelbella arcana, S. hammerae, S. prominens, Campachipteria patavina and Liebstadia longior.","PeriodicalId":50968,"journal":{"name":"Annales Zoologici Fennici","volume":"56 1","pages":"121 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44145046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anu Tiitsaar, Daniel Valdma, Erki Õunap, J. Remm, T. Teder, T. Tammaru
The distribution of butterflies was mapped throughout entire Estonia in 2016 and 2017. Butterflies were surveyed during three phenologically targeted visits at more than 1200 pre-selected sites. In total, over 180 000 individuals belonging to 97 species were recorded. We compare the resulting distribution maps with historical records, and discuss changes in the species' distribution. We conclude that, within the time frame of century, the changes in the Estonian butterfly fauna were moderate. For about 75% of species, there was no conclusive evidence of a change in distribution or abundance. In case of the remaining 25%, there were more butterfly species with an increasing rather than a decreasing trend in abundance and/or distribution. Some but not all of those changes could be associated with ongoing climate change. The decline of several dry-meadow specialists can be regarded as the most urgent conservation concern.
{"title":"Distribution of Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in Estonia: Results of a Systematic Mapping Project Reveal Long-Term Trends","authors":"Anu Tiitsaar, Daniel Valdma, Erki Õunap, J. Remm, T. Teder, T. Tammaru","doi":"10.5735/086.056.0114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5735/086.056.0114","url":null,"abstract":"The distribution of butterflies was mapped throughout entire Estonia in 2016 and 2017. Butterflies were surveyed during three phenologically targeted visits at more than 1200 pre-selected sites. In total, over 180 000 individuals belonging to 97 species were recorded. We compare the resulting distribution maps with historical records, and discuss changes in the species' distribution. We conclude that, within the time frame of century, the changes in the Estonian butterfly fauna were moderate. For about 75% of species, there was no conclusive evidence of a change in distribution or abundance. In case of the remaining 25%, there were more butterfly species with an increasing rather than a decreasing trend in abundance and/or distribution. Some but not all of those changes could be associated with ongoing climate change. The decline of several dry-meadow specialists can be regarded as the most urgent conservation concern.","PeriodicalId":50968,"journal":{"name":"Annales Zoologici Fennici","volume":"56 1","pages":"147 - 185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44680740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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