Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.33925/1683-3759-2023-840
A. I. Bulgakov, E. S. Soldatova, Yu. O. Kuvardina
Relevance. The increasing prevalence of mild to moderate chronic generalized periodontitis depends on endogenous and exogenous factors. In most cases, these include factors such as fair oral hygiene, oral microbiota characteristics, increased loads on periodontium, malocclusion, smoking, history of systemic disorders, genetic predisposition, neuroses, etc. Despite the variety of available treatment protocols for mild to moderate chronic generalized periodontitis, the result has a short-term effect. Thus, searching for new treatment algorithms and creating improved medications with the necessary properties to stabilize the process and prolong remission in chronic periodontitis are relevant.The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the comprehensive chronic periodontitis treatment with netilmicin ointment and propolis extract combined with diode laser, considering periodontal and immune statuses.Material and methods. The study involved 70 patients with mild and moderate chronic generalized periodontitis and 30 controls without signs of inflammatory periodontal diseases (IPD). The main group consisted of 50 patients with IPD, who had comprehensive treatment with the ointment based on netilmicin and propolis extract and antiinflammatory therapy using the Doctor Smile diode laser. The comparison group comprised 20 patients whose treatment protocol did not include laser treatment. We conducted a clinical and immunological study of patients before and after the treatment.Results. The comprehensive treatment evaluation, including clinical and immunological analysis, revealed a significant improvement in the parameters when using a combination of ointment with netilmicin/propolis extract and laser therapy, compared to standard non-surgical treatment.Conclusion. The clinical and immunological analysis of the comprehensive treatment of patients with chronic periodontitis has established the advantage of the combined use of non-surgical treatment and physiotherapy procedures.
{"title":"Optimization of chronic periodontitis comprehensive treatment","authors":"A. I. Bulgakov, E. S. Soldatova, Yu. O. Kuvardina","doi":"10.33925/1683-3759-2023-840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33925/1683-3759-2023-840","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The increasing prevalence of mild to moderate chronic generalized periodontitis depends on endogenous and exogenous factors. In most cases, these include factors such as fair oral hygiene, oral microbiota characteristics, increased loads on periodontium, malocclusion, smoking, history of systemic disorders, genetic predisposition, neuroses, etc. Despite the variety of available treatment protocols for mild to moderate chronic generalized periodontitis, the result has a short-term effect. Thus, searching for new treatment algorithms and creating improved medications with the necessary properties to stabilize the process and prolong remission in chronic periodontitis are relevant.The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the comprehensive chronic periodontitis treatment with netilmicin ointment and propolis extract combined with diode laser, considering periodontal and immune statuses.Material and methods. The study involved 70 patients with mild and moderate chronic generalized periodontitis and 30 controls without signs of inflammatory periodontal diseases (IPD). The main group consisted of 50 patients with IPD, who had comprehensive treatment with the ointment based on netilmicin and propolis extract and antiinflammatory therapy using the Doctor Smile diode laser. The comparison group comprised 20 patients whose treatment protocol did not include laser treatment. We conducted a clinical and immunological study of patients before and after the treatment.Results. The comprehensive treatment evaluation, including clinical and immunological analysis, revealed a significant improvement in the parameters when using a combination of ointment with netilmicin/propolis extract and laser therapy, compared to standard non-surgical treatment.Conclusion. The clinical and immunological analysis of the comprehensive treatment of patients with chronic periodontitis has established the advantage of the combined use of non-surgical treatment and physiotherapy procedures.","PeriodicalId":509759,"journal":{"name":"Parodontologiya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139142286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.33925/1683-3759-2023-795
L. N. Soldatova, A. V. Shefova
Relevance. Orthodontic treatment may adversely affect the periodontal health. Therefore, a comprehensive diagnosis and treatment planning with a periodontist are crucial. Dentoalveolar expansion is one of the ways to provide the space for malocclusion correction. Nevertheless, the stability of the obtained transverse dimensions remains insufficiently studied and requires additional research.Material and methods. The comparative study included the clinical and paraclinical stages. The inclusion and exclusion criteria determined the study sample formation. Each patient had orthodontic treatment with the same standard arch-changing protocol recommended by the manufacturer; the average treatment duration was 18 ± 4 months. All patients underwent a clinical examination specifically focused on the gingival recession diagnosis. During the paraclinical stage, the study investigated medical records and measured study model parameters using Pont’s (1909) and Linder-Hart (1939) indices. Measurements were made four times during orthodontic treatment: before, immediately after, one and six years after treatment. All obtained data were statistically processed using the significance criteria.Results. Study models’ analysis during the active stage of treatment revealed expansion in each segment of the dentition. However, the result is prone to relapse within the first year after the bracket system removal. Clinical examination of the oral cavity revealed gingival recessions, which appeared during the active stage of the orthodontic treatment. Thus, every third case showed marginal tissue displacement. The comparison of the initial transverse dimensions in the study and control groups detected a discrepancy between the measured and reference values, which might be a prerequisite for determining new parameters.Conclusion. A periodontist should monitor orthodontic patients to protect periodontal health. The transverse dimensions appeared to increase to the utmost in the upper and lower premolar regions. However, the achieved result does not always remain stable. Most relapses occur during the first year after the orthodontic treatment; then, the outcome remains stable.
{"title":"Analysis of the transverse dental arch dimension stability and risk of gingival recessions associated with orthodontic treatment","authors":"L. N. Soldatova, A. V. Shefova","doi":"10.33925/1683-3759-2023-795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33925/1683-3759-2023-795","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Orthodontic treatment may adversely affect the periodontal health. Therefore, a comprehensive diagnosis and treatment planning with a periodontist are crucial. Dentoalveolar expansion is one of the ways to provide the space for malocclusion correction. Nevertheless, the stability of the obtained transverse dimensions remains insufficiently studied and requires additional research.Material and methods. The comparative study included the clinical and paraclinical stages. The inclusion and exclusion criteria determined the study sample formation. Each patient had orthodontic treatment with the same standard arch-changing protocol recommended by the manufacturer; the average treatment duration was 18 ± 4 months. All patients underwent a clinical examination specifically focused on the gingival recession diagnosis. During the paraclinical stage, the study investigated medical records and measured study model parameters using Pont’s (1909) and Linder-Hart (1939) indices. Measurements were made four times during orthodontic treatment: before, immediately after, one and six years after treatment. All obtained data were statistically processed using the significance criteria.Results. Study models’ analysis during the active stage of treatment revealed expansion in each segment of the dentition. However, the result is prone to relapse within the first year after the bracket system removal. Clinical examination of the oral cavity revealed gingival recessions, which appeared during the active stage of the orthodontic treatment. Thus, every third case showed marginal tissue displacement. The comparison of the initial transverse dimensions in the study and control groups detected a discrepancy between the measured and reference values, which might be a prerequisite for determining new parameters.Conclusion. A periodontist should monitor orthodontic patients to protect periodontal health. The transverse dimensions appeared to increase to the utmost in the upper and lower premolar regions. However, the achieved result does not always remain stable. Most relapses occur during the first year after the orthodontic treatment; then, the outcome remains stable.","PeriodicalId":509759,"journal":{"name":"Parodontologiya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139149684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-25DOI: 10.33925/1683-3759-2023-807
E. F. Nasibullina, N. S. Kuznetsova, M. Kabirova, L. P. Gerasimova, S. Galimov, T. R. Basyrov, M. K. Ibragimova, H. P. Kamilov, S. Galimova
Relevance. Oral mucosal diseases are currently a significant problem since patients rarely notice the unusual appearance of the oral mucosa and, therefore, do not consult a dentist at the early stages of the disease.Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of treatment for biting lips and cheeks in athletes.Material and methods. The study included 170 people (20-40 years old) who underwent a dental examination according to the WHO recommendations, electromyography of the masticatory muscles, Doppler ultrasound and autofluorescence examination of the oral mucosa. Group 1 included athletes involved in sports for up to 1 year (35 people), Group 2 included people with sports experience of 1-5 years (43 people), and Group 3 - with sports experience of 5 to 10 years (42 people). The control group consisted of 50 generally healthy men who did not engage in sports. The patients diagnosed with biting their lips and cheeks (K13.1 according to ICD-10) received comprehensive treatment.Results. Dental examination revealed biting of lips and cheeks in 46.7% of the examined patients. The prevalence of biting lips and cheeks appeared to grow with increasing length of sports experience; it amounted to 5.7% in the group with sports experience of up to one year and 66.7% – in the group with experience of 5-10 years. The pretreatment examination detected that the blood flow velocity was 2.1 times lower in group 3 than in the control group. The amplitude of the masticatory and temporal muscles at rest was 1.7 times higher in patients of group 3 than in the control group, which indicates an increase in the tone of the masticatory muscles in athletes and a significant difference in the condition of the muscle tissue of the masticatory muscles in athletes.Conclusion. Athletes, based on the length of their sports-training experience, showed significant differences in dental status, electromyography indicators of the masticatory muscles and Doppler ultrasound of the oral mucosa. Our proposed method for treating cheek and lip biting has shown high effectiveness.
{"title":"Effectiveness of lip and cheek biting treatment in athletes","authors":"E. F. Nasibullina, N. S. Kuznetsova, M. Kabirova, L. P. Gerasimova, S. Galimov, T. R. Basyrov, M. K. Ibragimova, H. P. Kamilov, S. Galimova","doi":"10.33925/1683-3759-2023-807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33925/1683-3759-2023-807","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Oral mucosal diseases are currently a significant problem since patients rarely notice the unusual appearance of the oral mucosa and, therefore, do not consult a dentist at the early stages of the disease.Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of treatment for biting lips and cheeks in athletes.Material and methods. The study included 170 people (20-40 years old) who underwent a dental examination according to the WHO recommendations, electromyography of the masticatory muscles, Doppler ultrasound and autofluorescence examination of the oral mucosa. Group 1 included athletes involved in sports for up to 1 year (35 people), Group 2 included people with sports experience of 1-5 years (43 people), and Group 3 - with sports experience of 5 to 10 years (42 people). The control group consisted of 50 generally healthy men who did not engage in sports. The patients diagnosed with biting their lips and cheeks (K13.1 according to ICD-10) received comprehensive treatment.Results. Dental examination revealed biting of lips and cheeks in 46.7% of the examined patients. The prevalence of biting lips and cheeks appeared to grow with increasing length of sports experience; it amounted to 5.7% in the group with sports experience of up to one year and 66.7% – in the group with experience of 5-10 years. The pretreatment examination detected that the blood flow velocity was 2.1 times lower in group 3 than in the control group. The amplitude of the masticatory and temporal muscles at rest was 1.7 times higher in patients of group 3 than in the control group, which indicates an increase in the tone of the masticatory muscles in athletes and a significant difference in the condition of the muscle tissue of the masticatory muscles in athletes.Conclusion. Athletes, based on the length of their sports-training experience, showed significant differences in dental status, electromyography indicators of the masticatory muscles and Doppler ultrasound of the oral mucosa. Our proposed method for treating cheek and lip biting has shown high effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":509759,"journal":{"name":"Parodontologiya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.33925/1683-3759-2023-842
L. Shalamay, V. Tachalov, L. Orekhova, T. Kudryavtseva, E. Loboda, I. Berezkina
Relevance. The significant spread of dental diseases across the population and the failure to provide timely medical care in a medical facility, including emergency services, for various reasons, calls for other ways of doctor-patient interactions, e.g., virtual communication. Telemedicine is an innovative way of dental care provision using electronic information and telecommunication technologies.Material and methods. The review includes the results of original publications on teledentistry implementation into dental practice and the results of its use in patients of different age groups. The studies focused on the application and limitations of teledentistry for the prevention, detection, diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases. Data sources: a search was performed of full-text scientific articles published between 2012 and November 30, 2022, in English, in the electronic databases elibrary, cyberleninka, PubMed and Google Academy.Results. An initial electronic data search identified 2740 publications. Of these, upon exclusion of duplicates and checking for the title and abstract availability, 1100 studies were selected, while 1640 remaining publications were excluded for nonconformance to the inclusion criteria. Then, after the study of the titles and abstracts, 389 studies were subject to a full-text evaluation. Of these, 295 were excluded due to the lack of the doctor-patient interaction analysis. The systematic review included 91 publications, subject to the study evaluation and could be involved in numerical comparisons.Conclusion. Teledentistry has a vast application scope, e.g., online consultations, oral disease diagnosis and prevention. Teledentistry offers opportunities for providing higher-quality oral hygiene care to older patients. Teleconsultation allows for decreasing stress associated with a dental visit. It is especially crucial for patients with dementia who refuse face-to-face communication with the doctor.
{"title":"Current trends in telemedicine and teledentistry, their application in providing dental care to patients of different ages","authors":"L. Shalamay, V. Tachalov, L. Orekhova, T. Kudryavtseva, E. Loboda, I. Berezkina","doi":"10.33925/1683-3759-2023-842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33925/1683-3759-2023-842","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The significant spread of dental diseases across the population and the failure to provide timely medical care in a medical facility, including emergency services, for various reasons, calls for other ways of doctor-patient interactions, e.g., virtual communication. Telemedicine is an innovative way of dental care provision using electronic information and telecommunication technologies.Material and methods. The review includes the results of original publications on teledentistry implementation into dental practice and the results of its use in patients of different age groups. The studies focused on the application and limitations of teledentistry for the prevention, detection, diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases. Data sources: a search was performed of full-text scientific articles published between 2012 and November 30, 2022, in English, in the electronic databases elibrary, cyberleninka, PubMed and Google Academy.Results. An initial electronic data search identified 2740 publications. Of these, upon exclusion of duplicates and checking for the title and abstract availability, 1100 studies were selected, while 1640 remaining publications were excluded for nonconformance to the inclusion criteria. Then, after the study of the titles and abstracts, 389 studies were subject to a full-text evaluation. Of these, 295 were excluded due to the lack of the doctor-patient interaction analysis. The systematic review included 91 publications, subject to the study evaluation and could be involved in numerical comparisons.Conclusion. Teledentistry has a vast application scope, e.g., online consultations, oral disease diagnosis and prevention. Teledentistry offers opportunities for providing higher-quality oral hygiene care to older patients. Teleconsultation allows for decreasing stress associated with a dental visit. It is especially crucial for patients with dementia who refuse face-to-face communication with the doctor.","PeriodicalId":509759,"journal":{"name":"Parodontologiya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139170717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.33925/1683-3759-2023-834
T. G. Petrova, L. D. Obukhova, O. N. Gerasimenko, T. V. Zvereva, T. M. Ragimova
Relevance. The subjective evaluation and analysis of clinical manifestations and risk factors for the development of xerostomia in young- and middle-old adults living in Novosibirsk and the Novosibirsk region plays a leading role in choosing the treatment strategy for this category of patients.Material and methods. A single-stage open study involved 101 people, of whom 48% (n = 49) were male and 52% (n = 52) were female. The average age of the examined was 66.3 [60.0; 88.0] years; 64 subjects were young-old patients (60.0; 75.0), and 37 subjects were middle-old patients (75.0; 88.0). All examined patients underwent an assessment of their dental status and subjective evaluation of xerostomia severity using the validated Russian version of the "The Summated Xerostomia Inventory" (XI). Xerostomia diagnosis in the study patients included the examination according to "The Challacombe Scale of Clinical Oral Dryness" (CSCOD) and sialometry. Taking records of comorbidities, malnutrition syndrome, systemic medications, and bad habits helped to study the risk factors for xerostomia development.Results. The analysis of the subjective evaluation and signs in older patients most frequently revealed moderate xerostomia. There was a moderate negative correlation between the age of the examined and the salivary secretion rate (ρ = -0.578, p < 0.01). Women more often showed severe xerostomia (p < 0.001). The examination of 87.6% of the subjects revealed xerostomia manifestations, confirmed by clinical signs and laboratory data. In 12.4% of patients with complaints and clinical signs of xerostomia, sialometry did not confirm xerostomia.Conclusion. The study results showed a decrease in the secretion rate in older patients with age. In women, complaints and clinical and laboratory signs of xerostomia were more pronounced. Patients' subjective assessment of dry mouth manifestations did not always correspond to the xerostomia clinical and laboratory diagnostic data. The prevalence of xerogenic risk factors was established in young-old and middle-old patients.
{"title":"Сlinical evaluation of xerostomia manifestations in young-old and middle-old adults","authors":"T. G. Petrova, L. D. Obukhova, O. N. Gerasimenko, T. V. Zvereva, T. M. Ragimova","doi":"10.33925/1683-3759-2023-834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33925/1683-3759-2023-834","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The subjective evaluation and analysis of clinical manifestations and risk factors for the development of xerostomia in young- and middle-old adults living in Novosibirsk and the Novosibirsk region plays a leading role in choosing the treatment strategy for this category of patients.Material and methods. A single-stage open study involved 101 people, of whom 48% (n = 49) were male and 52% (n = 52) were female. The average age of the examined was 66.3 [60.0; 88.0] years; 64 subjects were young-old patients (60.0; 75.0), and 37 subjects were middle-old patients (75.0; 88.0). All examined patients underwent an assessment of their dental status and subjective evaluation of xerostomia severity using the validated Russian version of the \"The Summated Xerostomia Inventory\" (XI). Xerostomia diagnosis in the study patients included the examination according to \"The Challacombe Scale of Clinical Oral Dryness\" (CSCOD) and sialometry. Taking records of comorbidities, malnutrition syndrome, systemic medications, and bad habits helped to study the risk factors for xerostomia development.Results. The analysis of the subjective evaluation and signs in older patients most frequently revealed moderate xerostomia. There was a moderate negative correlation between the age of the examined and the salivary secretion rate (ρ = -0.578, p < 0.01). Women more often showed severe xerostomia (p < 0.001). The examination of 87.6% of the subjects revealed xerostomia manifestations, confirmed by clinical signs and laboratory data. In 12.4% of patients with complaints and clinical signs of xerostomia, sialometry did not confirm xerostomia.Conclusion. The study results showed a decrease in the secretion rate in older patients with age. In women, complaints and clinical and laboratory signs of xerostomia were more pronounced. Patients' subjective assessment of dry mouth manifestations did not always correspond to the xerostomia clinical and laboratory diagnostic data. The prevalence of xerogenic risk factors was established in young-old and middle-old patients.","PeriodicalId":509759,"journal":{"name":"Parodontologiya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139171071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-13DOI: 10.33925/1683-3759-2023-814
B. N. Davydov, D. Domenyuk, T. Kochkonyan
Relevance. The search and development of modern non-invasive methods for early periodontal disease detection are of scientific and practical value for a personalized approach to disease course prognosis and explaining the choice of treatment tactics. Morphological immaturity, high intensity of anabolic processes, functional failure of neurohumoral, endocrine and immunological defence systems combined with an imbalance between the synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix components in children with undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD) significantly in-creases the risk of developing periodontal diseases. The available data on the activity of salivary matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which play a leading role in regulating connective tissue protein metabolism and bone remodelling mechanisms in children with UCTD of various degrees, are scarce and require further study.Purpose. The study aimed to explain the clinical, diagnostic and prognostic value of MMPs as markers of inflammatory periodontal diseases in children with UCTD and dysplastic disorders of various severity.Material and methods. The study included 67 children with UCTD (main group) and 34 children of health groups I and II (comparison group) aged 12-17. The UCTD severity was established according to the diagnostic criteria by L. N. Abbakumova (2006) and a scale for assessing the significance of phenotypic and visceral signs. The main group was divided into two subgroups: Subgroup 1 (n = 38) – children with mild and moderate UCTD; Subgroup 2 (n=29) – children with severe UCTD. The studied groups had their periodontal status assessed, as well as the concentration of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8, MMP-9 and their tissue inhibitors (TIMP-1, TIMP-2) in the oral fluid identified using the enzyme immunoassay, along with calculation done for the MMP ⁄ TIMP coefficients that set a balance between the degradation and synthesis of collagen.Results. The children with phenotypic signs of UCTD in the oral fluid appeared to show a statistically significant increase in the MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8, and MMP-9 levels and an imbalanced ratio in MMP-1⁄TIMP-1, MMP-2⁄TIMP-2, MMP-8⁄TIMP-1, MMP-9⁄TIMP-1, compared with health groups I, II. An increase in the MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-8 concentrations, along with dominating expression of MMP-9 over TIMP-1 in the oral fluid of children of Subgroup 2, causes an increase in intensity and prevalence of periodontal diseases compared to the patients in Sub-group 1 and comparison group.Conclusion. Thus, when children with UCTD don’t demonstrate an increase in specific tissue inhibitors TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in their oral fluid, along with an increase in the levels of the respective matrixins is the key pathogenetic factor in the degradation of extracellular matrix proteins, which causes a depressing impact on the proliferative activity in the periodontal set of tissues.
相关性。寻找和开发早期牙周病检测的现代非侵入性方法，对于个性化病程预后和治疗策略的选择具有科学和实用价值。未分化结缔组织病（UCTD）患儿的形态不成熟、高强度的合成代谢过程、神经体液、内分泌和免疫防御系统的功能衰竭，再加上细胞外基质成分合成和降解之间的不平衡，大大增加了患牙周病的风险。唾液基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）在调节不同程度的未分化结缔组织病患儿的结缔组织蛋白代谢和骨重塑机制中发挥着主导作用，但有关唾液基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）活性的现有数据却很少，需要进一步研究。该研究旨在解释 MMPs 作为不同严重程度的 UCTD 和发育不良儿童炎症性牙周疾病标志物的临床、诊断和预后价值。研究对象包括 67 名 UCTD 患儿（主要组）和 34 名健康组 I 和 II 患儿（对比组），年龄在 12-17 岁之间。UCTD 的严重程度是根据 L. N. Abbakumova（2006 年）的诊断标准以及表型和内脏体征重要性评估表确定的。主组被分为两个亚组：亚组 1（n=38）--轻度和中度牙周病患儿；亚组 2（n=29）--重度牙周病患儿。研究小组对牙周状况进行了评估，并使用酶免疫测定法确定了口腔液中 MMP-1、MMP-2、MMP-8、MMP-9 及其组织抑制剂（TIMP-1、TIMP-2）的浓度，同时计算了 MMP ⁄ TIMP 系数，该系数设定了胶原蛋白降解与合成之间的平衡。与健康组 I 和 II 相比，口腔液中有 UCTD 表型迹象的儿童的 MMP-1、MMP-2、MMP-8 和 MMP-9 水平出现了统计学意义上的显著增加，MMP-1⁄TIMP-1、MMP-2⁄TIMP-2、MMP-8⁄TIMP-1、MMP-9⁄TIMP-1 的比例失调。与亚组 1 和对比组相比，亚组 2 儿童口腔液中 MMP-1、MMP-2 和 MMP-8 的浓度增加，MMP-9 的表达超过了 TIMP-1，导致牙周疾病的强度和患病率增加。因此，当 UCTD 儿童口腔液中的特异性组织抑制剂 TIMP-1 和 TIMP-2 没有增加时，相应基质蛋白水平的增加是细胞外基质蛋白降解的关键致病因素，会对牙周组织的增殖活动产生抑制作用。
{"title":"Matrix metalloproteinases system profile analysis and their endogenous inhibitors in children with periodontal diseases and various dysplasia phenotypes","authors":"B. N. Davydov, D. Domenyuk, T. Kochkonyan","doi":"10.33925/1683-3759-2023-814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33925/1683-3759-2023-814","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The search and development of modern non-invasive methods for early periodontal disease detection are of scientific and practical value for a personalized approach to disease course prognosis and explaining the choice of treatment tactics. Morphological immaturity, high intensity of anabolic processes, functional failure of neurohumoral, endocrine and immunological defence systems combined with an imbalance between the synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix components in children with undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD) significantly in-creases the risk of developing periodontal diseases. The available data on the activity of salivary matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which play a leading role in regulating connective tissue protein metabolism and bone remodelling mechanisms in children with UCTD of various degrees, are scarce and require further study.Purpose. The study aimed to explain the clinical, diagnostic and prognostic value of MMPs as markers of inflammatory periodontal diseases in children with UCTD and dysplastic disorders of various severity.Material and methods. The study included 67 children with UCTD (main group) and 34 children of health groups I and II (comparison group) aged 12-17. The UCTD severity was established according to the diagnostic criteria by L. N. Abbakumova (2006) and a scale for assessing the significance of phenotypic and visceral signs. The main group was divided into two subgroups: Subgroup 1 (n = 38) – children with mild and moderate UCTD; Subgroup 2 (n=29) – children with severe UCTD. The studied groups had their periodontal status assessed, as well as the concentration of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8, MMP-9 and their tissue inhibitors (TIMP-1, TIMP-2) in the oral fluid identified using the enzyme immunoassay, along with calculation done for the MMP ⁄ TIMP coefficients that set a balance between the degradation and synthesis of collagen.Results. The children with phenotypic signs of UCTD in the oral fluid appeared to show a statistically significant increase in the MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8, and MMP-9 levels and an imbalanced ratio in MMP-1⁄TIMP-1, MMP-2⁄TIMP-2, MMP-8⁄TIMP-1, MMP-9⁄TIMP-1, compared with health groups I, II. An increase in the MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-8 concentrations, along with dominating expression of MMP-9 over TIMP-1 in the oral fluid of children of Subgroup 2, causes an increase in intensity and prevalence of periodontal diseases compared to the patients in Sub-group 1 and comparison group.Conclusion. Thus, when children with UCTD don’t demonstrate an increase in specific tissue inhibitors TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in their oral fluid, along with an increase in the levels of the respective matrixins is the key pathogenetic factor in the degradation of extracellular matrix proteins, which causes a depressing impact on the proliferative activity in the periodontal set of tissues.","PeriodicalId":509759,"journal":{"name":"Parodontologiya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139181875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-11DOI: 10.33925/1683-3759-2023-810
A. V. Leonteva, A. Blinova, Y. Chervinets, V. A. Rumyantsev, V. Chervinets
Relevance. Recent studies investigating the role of the microbial gaseous substances (O2, N2, CO2, CH4, NO, CO, H2S) indicate not only in the regulation of the host's metabolic activity and the functioning of its nervous system, in particular but also their participation the pathogenesis of some diseases. However, there is scarce data in the national and international literature on the production of gas signaling molecules by the oral microbiota (Streptococcus spp. and Staphylococcus spp.) and the changes in the gas composition during the development of chronic inflammatory periodontal diseases.Material and methods. The study included 69 people. The main group included 36 patients aged 35 to 67 years with clinically confirmed moderate chronic generalized periodontitis. The control group included 33 patients aged 27 to 55 without periodontal disease. The samples from the back of the tongue were the study material. The gas chromatography determined the production of gas signaling molecules using the Khromatek-crystal 5000.2 device. The measurement of the amount of released gases was in % (for O2, N2) and ppm (0.001 mg/mL) for other gas molecules (CO2, CH4, NO, CO, H2S).Results. The metabolic activity of streptococci only for the production of NO (p = 0.002) and CO (p = 0.008) appeared to have a statistically significant difference. In periodontal inflammation, there was practically no NO emission by Streptococci spp., and the concentration of CO was ten times higher than in the group of healthy individuals. The difference in the number of other signaling gas molecules was not statistically significant (p > 0.05) in healthy people and patients with chronic generalized periodontitis. In the production of gasotransmitters among Staphylococcus spp., N2 production (p = 0.007, increasing in the comparison group) was statistically significantly different. As in the streptococcal sampling, the amount of CO significantly increased in periodontal inflammation. Certain species of staphylococci showed a significant decrease in the production of the entire gas molecule range in the main group. At the same time, unlike Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. absorbed a much higher amount of nitric oxide in chronic periodontitis.Conclusion. In patients with chronic generalized periodontitis and inflammation, the oral microbiota is poorly active and produces a low concentration of gasotransmitters, so they cannot participate in inflammatory process reduction, thereby contributing to the progression of the disease.
{"title":"A new approach to understanding the role of gasotransmitters in the development of chronic generalized periodontitis","authors":"A. V. Leonteva, A. Blinova, Y. Chervinets, V. A. Rumyantsev, V. Chervinets","doi":"10.33925/1683-3759-2023-810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33925/1683-3759-2023-810","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Recent studies investigating the role of the microbial gaseous substances (O2, N2, CO2, CH4, NO, CO, H2S) indicate not only in the regulation of the host's metabolic activity and the functioning of its nervous system, in particular but also their participation the pathogenesis of some diseases. However, there is scarce data in the national and international literature on the production of gas signaling molecules by the oral microbiota (Streptococcus spp. and Staphylococcus spp.) and the changes in the gas composition during the development of chronic inflammatory periodontal diseases.Material and methods. The study included 69 people. The main group included 36 patients aged 35 to 67 years with clinically confirmed moderate chronic generalized periodontitis. The control group included 33 patients aged 27 to 55 without periodontal disease. The samples from the back of the tongue were the study material. The gas chromatography determined the production of gas signaling molecules using the Khromatek-crystal 5000.2 device. The measurement of the amount of released gases was in % (for O2, N2) and ppm (0.001 mg/mL) for other gas molecules (CO2, CH4, NO, CO, H2S).Results. The metabolic activity of streptococci only for the production of NO (p = 0.002) and CO (p = 0.008) appeared to have a statistically significant difference. In periodontal inflammation, there was practically no NO emission by Streptococci spp., and the concentration of CO was ten times higher than in the group of healthy individuals. The difference in the number of other signaling gas molecules was not statistically significant (p > 0.05) in healthy people and patients with chronic generalized periodontitis. In the production of gasotransmitters among Staphylococcus spp., N2 production (p = 0.007, increasing in the comparison group) was statistically significantly different. As in the streptococcal sampling, the amount of CO significantly increased in periodontal inflammation. Certain species of staphylococci showed a significant decrease in the production of the entire gas molecule range in the main group. At the same time, unlike Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. absorbed a much higher amount of nitric oxide in chronic periodontitis.Conclusion. In patients with chronic generalized periodontitis and inflammation, the oral microbiota is poorly active and produces a low concentration of gasotransmitters, so they cannot participate in inflammatory process reduction, thereby contributing to the progression of the disease.","PeriodicalId":509759,"journal":{"name":"Parodontologiya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139183641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.33925/10.33925/1683-3759-2023-751
S. S. Grigorev, S. Sablina, T. Elovikova, A. G. Zakroeva, V. Krokhalev, M. I. Fominykh, B. K. Urgunaliev, V. V. Ivanova
Relevance. Osteoporosis and chronic periodontitis are serious issues of modern life. The hypothesis that these two diseases are associated is still open-ended and doesn’t allow setting the record straight for the lack of sufficient evidence.Purpose. The study aimed to detect the relationship between periodontal health parameters and mineral bone density characteristics in postmenopausal women.Material and methods. The study examined 109 female patients with diagnosed moderate chronic generalized periodontitis (К05.31). The participants formed two groups: the main group (76 women) and the control group (33 women). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, FRAХ® and CCI assessed the mineral bone density and patients’ systemic health. Dental status was evaluated using the OHI-S, CAL, PPD, PMA, PI, and PBI. X-ray assessment was based on the Fuchs index for upper and lower jaws, and the mandibular cortical index (MCI) was evaluated by CBCT scans in Galaxis Galileos software (Sirona), Orthophos SL CBCT scanner. The data were statistically analysed using licensed STATISTICA 13.3 software. In descriptive statistics for variables, the median was quartiles corresponding to the 25th percentile and the 75th percentile. The Shapiro-Wilk test and χ2 (chi-square) evaluated the normality of variables.Results. Periodontal pocket depth (PPD) was 4.44 (4.30:4.20:4.50) in the main group. The cumulative change in the clinical attachment level (CAL) was 5.53 (5.50:5.40:5.80), which was significantly higher than the control group parameters (р < 0.001). Bone mineral density of L1-L4 vertebrae corresponded to osteopenia (g/cm2) -0.83 (-080: -0.78: -0.91), spine (Neck) Т-score was -1.70 (-1.7: -2.2: -2.0). In the patients of the control group, the CBCT did not show any signs of inflammatory destruction, and the DXA test did not reveal any loss of bone mineral density.Conclusion. There are mean significant (less than 0.05) correlations between right femoral neck Т-scores and periodontal pocket depth parameters (R = -0.39) and between the same parameter and the clinical attachment level (CAL) (R = -0.37). A significantly high degree of negative correlation is between the spine Т-score of L1-L4 and PPD, correlation coefficient (R = -0.72).
{"title":"Pathogenetic and associative relationships between the parameters of periodontal health and bone mineral density in women living in a megalopolis","authors":"S. S. Grigorev, S. Sablina, T. Elovikova, A. G. Zakroeva, V. Krokhalev, M. I. Fominykh, B. K. Urgunaliev, V. V. Ivanova","doi":"10.33925/10.33925/1683-3759-2023-751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33925/10.33925/1683-3759-2023-751","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Osteoporosis and chronic periodontitis are serious issues of modern life. The hypothesis that these two diseases are associated is still open-ended and doesn’t allow setting the record straight for the lack of sufficient evidence.Purpose. The study aimed to detect the relationship between periodontal health parameters and mineral bone density characteristics in postmenopausal women.Material and methods. The study examined 109 female patients with diagnosed moderate chronic generalized periodontitis (К05.31). The participants formed two groups: the main group (76 women) and the control group (33 women). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, FRAХ® and CCI assessed the mineral bone density and patients’ systemic health. Dental status was evaluated using the OHI-S, CAL, PPD, PMA, PI, and PBI. X-ray assessment was based on the Fuchs index for upper and lower jaws, and the mandibular cortical index (MCI) was evaluated by CBCT scans in Galaxis Galileos software (Sirona), Orthophos SL CBCT scanner. The data were statistically analysed using licensed STATISTICA 13.3 software. In descriptive statistics for variables, the median was quartiles corresponding to the 25th percentile and the 75th percentile. The Shapiro-Wilk test and χ2 (chi-square) evaluated the normality of variables.Results. Periodontal pocket depth (PPD) was 4.44 (4.30:4.20:4.50) in the main group. The cumulative change in the clinical attachment level (CAL) was 5.53 (5.50:5.40:5.80), which was significantly higher than the control group parameters (р < 0.001). Bone mineral density of L1-L4 vertebrae corresponded to osteopenia (g/cm2) -0.83 (-080: -0.78: -0.91), spine (Neck) Т-score was -1.70 (-1.7: -2.2: -2.0). In the patients of the control group, the CBCT did not show any signs of inflammatory destruction, and the DXA test did not reveal any loss of bone mineral density.Conclusion. There are mean significant (less than 0.05) correlations between right femoral neck Т-scores and periodontal pocket depth parameters (R = -0.39) and between the same parameter and the clinical attachment level (CAL) (R = -0.37). A significantly high degree of negative correlation is between the spine Т-score of L1-L4 and PPD, correlation coefficient (R = -0.72).","PeriodicalId":509759,"journal":{"name":"Parodontologiya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139225977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.33925/1683-3759-2023-820
I. B. Lkhasaranova, Y. Pinelis
Relevance. Chronic generalized periodontitis is one of the most common dental diseases in Russia and worldwide. Periodontitis causes changes in the immune system, cytokines, antioxidant protection, hemostasis and other systems, leading to periodontal microcirculatory and blood supply damage. Interleukins are regulatory molecules that play a part in specific immune reactions: inflammation, regeneration, and microcirculation. They are produced by immune system cells in response to an activating stimulus and regulate the strength and duration of immune and inflammatory reactions. Our study revealed an imbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with moderate chronic generalized periodontitis of different ages.Material and Methods. The study involved 130 patients with moderate chronic generalized periodontitis aged 25 to 60. The control group consisted of 15 practically healthy individuals aged 18 to 24 years without acute and chronic periodontal diseases at the time of the study. The concentration of cytokines in blood serum and oral fluid (IL-1ß, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10) was evaluated in all patients before and after the standard comprehensive treatment and with the inclusion of Cortexin.Results. After the moderate chronic generalized periodontitis treatment, pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the blood decreased in the group of 25-44-year-olds. In standard treatment, IL-1ß level decreased by 30%, IL-4 – by two times, IL-8 – by 1.5 times, and IL-10 – by three times; but with Cortexin, IL-1ß became normal, IL-4 decreased by 3.5 times, IL-8 – by 2.5 times, IL-10 became normal. In the oral fluid of patients aged 25-44 years, IL-1ß decreased by 20% after the standard treatment, IL-4 decreased by six times, IL-8 decreased by two times, and the addition of Cortexin to the comprehensive therapy caused a 70% decrease, IL–4 reduced by ten times, IL-8 – by nine times, the concentration of IL-10 remained the same. IL-22 decreased by 1.5 and 2 times based on the treatment methods.The after-treatment assessment of changes in the interleukin content in blood serum in 45-60-year-old patients with chronic generalized periodontitis revealed the same levels of IL-4 after the standard treatment, a decrease of IL-1ß by 1.5 times, IL-8 - by 1.5 times; and the use of Cortexin in the treatment normalized the concentration of IL-4, led to a decrease in IL-1ß by two times, IL-8 - by three times. After the therapy, in the oral fluid of patients aged 45-60 years, IL-1ß decreased by 1.5 times with standard treatment, IL-4 and IL-8 decreased by two times, and IL-10 did not change, IL-22 - by 1.5 times; and using Cortexin, the concentration of IL-1ß decreased by 70%, IL-4 decreased by three times, IL-8 - by four times, IL-10 and IL-22 - by two times.Conclusion. Before treatment, the concentration of cytokines was higher in all groups of patients compared to the control values in blood serum and oral fluid. With standard therapy, the content of inter
{"title":"The impact of Cortexin on cytokine levels in the treatment of moderate chronic generalized periodontitis in young and middle-aged people","authors":"I. B. Lkhasaranova, Y. Pinelis","doi":"10.33925/1683-3759-2023-820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33925/1683-3759-2023-820","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Chronic generalized periodontitis is one of the most common dental diseases in Russia and worldwide. Periodontitis causes changes in the immune system, cytokines, antioxidant protection, hemostasis and other systems, leading to periodontal microcirculatory and blood supply damage. Interleukins are regulatory molecules that play a part in specific immune reactions: inflammation, regeneration, and microcirculation. They are produced by immune system cells in response to an activating stimulus and regulate the strength and duration of immune and inflammatory reactions. Our study revealed an imbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with moderate chronic generalized periodontitis of different ages.Material and Methods. The study involved 130 patients with moderate chronic generalized periodontitis aged 25 to 60. The control group consisted of 15 practically healthy individuals aged 18 to 24 years without acute and chronic periodontal diseases at the time of the study. The concentration of cytokines in blood serum and oral fluid (IL-1ß, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10) was evaluated in all patients before and after the standard comprehensive treatment and with the inclusion of Cortexin.Results. After the moderate chronic generalized periodontitis treatment, pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the blood decreased in the group of 25-44-year-olds. In standard treatment, IL-1ß level decreased by 30%, IL-4 – by two times, IL-8 – by 1.5 times, and IL-10 – by three times; but with Cortexin, IL-1ß became normal, IL-4 decreased by 3.5 times, IL-8 – by 2.5 times, IL-10 became normal. In the oral fluid of patients aged 25-44 years, IL-1ß decreased by 20% after the standard treatment, IL-4 decreased by six times, IL-8 decreased by two times, and the addition of Cortexin to the comprehensive therapy caused a 70% decrease, IL–4 reduced by ten times, IL-8 – by nine times, the concentration of IL-10 remained the same. IL-22 decreased by 1.5 and 2 times based on the treatment methods.The after-treatment assessment of changes in the interleukin content in blood serum in 45-60-year-old patients with chronic generalized periodontitis revealed the same levels of IL-4 after the standard treatment, a decrease of IL-1ß by 1.5 times, IL-8 - by 1.5 times; and the use of Cortexin in the treatment normalized the concentration of IL-4, led to a decrease in IL-1ß by two times, IL-8 - by three times. After the therapy, in the oral fluid of patients aged 45-60 years, IL-1ß decreased by 1.5 times with standard treatment, IL-4 and IL-8 decreased by two times, and IL-10 did not change, IL-22 - by 1.5 times; and using Cortexin, the concentration of IL-1ß decreased by 70%, IL-4 decreased by three times, IL-8 - by four times, IL-10 and IL-22 - by two times.Conclusion. Before treatment, the concentration of cytokines was higher in all groups of patients compared to the control values in blood serum and oral fluid. With standard therapy, the content of inter","PeriodicalId":509759,"journal":{"name":"Parodontologiya","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139220930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-24DOI: 10.33925/1683-3759-2023-774
Yu. V. Verevkina, Z. K. Shamanova, A. Ovsyannikova, S. Sirak, A. Arutyunov, N. I. Bykova, E. Sirak
Relevance. The activation of lipid peroxidation in ultrastructural damage to the oral cells and tissues and maintaining periodontal inflammation plays a crucial role in periodontitis development. There is also evidence of the positive role of some calcium-phosphorus metabolism correctors on the condition of inflamed periodontal tissues. Thus, studying the impact of activation of lipid peroxidation and calcium-phosphorus metabolism correctors in chronic periodontitis treatment is of undoubted theoretical and practical interest. The study developed an experimental model of chronic periodontitis, which helped to investigate the effectiveness of therapy with teriparatide (parathormone) and ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate (Mexidol).Purpose. The study aimed to investigate the impact of activation of lipid peroxidation and calcium-phosphorus metabolism correctors on the periodontium condition in an experimental model of chronic periodontitis.Material and methods. An experimental study included 48 white laboratory male rats weighing 230-280 grams using the author's experimental periodontitis model. Result processing utilized a specialized complex of histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical research methods.Results. Lipid peroxides proved to play a crucial role in the development and progression of chronic periodontitis. The therapy carried out in the main group of animals is a factor initiating the acceleration of restructuring metabolic processes of periodontium cell membrane structures to activate ion transport and increase the activity of membrane-bound enzymes that block the chain reaction of oxygen molecule transgeneration from precursor cells with the formation of aldehydes, peroxides and ketones.Conclusion. The study results substantiate the need for additional prescription of antioxidants and calcium-phosphorus metabolism correctors to maintain the balance of antiradical and antiperoxide compounds.
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