Pub Date : 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.apm.2026.116806
Hang Ge, Yixiang Xu, Yonghui Xu, Zebei Mao, Xinmin Chen, Boyang Chen, Donglei Sun
This paper presents an aerodynamic enhancement method for inflatable airfoils based on Sobol’ global sensitivity analysis. Two airfoils commonly used in inflatable wing applications, the cambered NACA4318 and the symmetric NACA0018, are investigated using computational fluid dynamics under a representative low-Reynolds number operating regime for low-speed inflatable-winged unmanned aerial vehicles. The influence of geometric deviations between an idealized rigid airfoil and the corresponding real inflatable wings is first explored to justify the utilization of rigid surrogate airfoils for aerodynamic investigation. The effects of surface undulations are then examined by applying sensitivity analysis to different undulated regions on both airfoils. First- and total-order Sobol’ indices are employed to quantify the direct and combined contributions of individual surface regions to lift and drag over a range of angles of attack. The results indicate that aerodynamic performance is largely governed by individual surface sections, with minimal interactive effects. In particular, undulations on the upper surface, especially near the leading edge, are shown to have a pronounced adverse effect on both lift and drag. Based on these findings, targeted surface-smoothing strategies are proposed to improve aerodynamic performance relative to fully undulated configurations. The effectiveness of the proposed strategies is validated through wind-tunnel experiments. The results provide practical guidance for the aerodynamic enhancement of inflatable airfoils with similar thickness and camber characteristics operating under low-Reynolds number conditions.
{"title":"Enhancement of Aerodynamic Performance of Inflatable Airfoil Based on Sobol’ Global Sensitivity Analysis","authors":"Hang Ge, Yixiang Xu, Yonghui Xu, Zebei Mao, Xinmin Chen, Boyang Chen, Donglei Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.apm.2026.116806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2026.116806","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an aerodynamic enhancement method for inflatable airfoils based on Sobol’ global sensitivity analysis. Two airfoils commonly used in inflatable wing applications, the cambered NACA4318 and the symmetric NACA0018, are investigated using computational fluid dynamics under a representative low-Reynolds number operating regime for low-speed inflatable-winged unmanned aerial vehicles. The influence of geometric deviations between an idealized rigid airfoil and the corresponding real inflatable wings is first explored to justify the utilization of rigid surrogate airfoils for aerodynamic investigation. The effects of surface undulations are then examined by applying sensitivity analysis to different undulated regions on both airfoils. First- and total-order Sobol’ indices are employed to quantify the direct and combined contributions of individual surface regions to lift and drag over a range of angles of attack. The results indicate that aerodynamic performance is largely governed by individual surface sections, with minimal interactive effects. In particular, undulations on the upper surface, especially near the leading edge, are shown to have a pronounced adverse effect on both lift and drag. Based on these findings, targeted surface-smoothing strategies are proposed to improve aerodynamic performance relative to fully undulated configurations. The effectiveness of the proposed strategies is validated through wind-tunnel experiments. The results provide practical guidance for the aerodynamic enhancement of inflatable airfoils with similar thickness and camber characteristics operating under low-Reynolds number conditions.","PeriodicalId":50980,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.apm.2026.116826
Zhenwei Ma, Qiufeng Wang, Baile An, Binrui Wang
{"title":"Adaptive Control of Uncertain Output-Feedback Systems with Time-Varying Actuator Faults","authors":"Zhenwei Ma, Qiufeng Wang, Baile An, Binrui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.apm.2026.116826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2026.116826","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50980,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.apm.2026.116807
Dylan J. Oliver, Ian W. Turner, Riley M. Whebell, Elliot J. Carr
{"title":"Novel analytical solution of a 2D heterogeneous diffusion problem with application to determining effective diffusion tensors","authors":"Dylan J. Oliver, Ian W. Turner, Riley M. Whebell, Elliot J. Carr","doi":"10.1016/j.apm.2026.116807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2026.116807","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50980,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.apm.2026.116818
Yang Bu, Ye Tang, Dongyang Chen, Tianzhi Yang, Qian Ding
{"title":"Low-frequency and Broadband Vibration Self-Suppression of Fluid-Conveying Pipelines via Metamaterial-Inspired Design","authors":"Yang Bu, Ye Tang, Dongyang Chen, Tianzhi Yang, Qian Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.apm.2026.116818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2026.116818","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50980,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.apm.2026.116810
S.K. Lai, Z.W. Song
{"title":"Unified strain-gradient frameworks for micro/nano-beams: Bridging the gap between strain-gradient and stress-driven nonlocal theories","authors":"S.K. Lai, Z.W. Song","doi":"10.1016/j.apm.2026.116810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2026.116810","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50980,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematical Modelling","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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