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When signature pedagogies clash: Making way for the oral majority with connected learning 当标志性教学法发生冲突时:为口语学习让路
Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1177/00918296241237510
L. L. Thigpen
In McCloskey’s classic Make Way for Ducklings, two mallards attempt to raise their brood in busy Boston. The ducklings struggle with city life, and the family needs help navigating that environment to travel to a safer island home. Throughout the story, kind advocates stop traffic and make way for these vulnerable residents. Likewise, a large group of vulnerable adults finds the literate world less than inviting. Adults with limited formal education (ALFE, al-phee) or oral learners often need others to make way for them as well. Whether due to war, catastrophe, cultural beliefs, learning disabilities, or family circumstances, oral learners may lack educational opportunities and prefer non-textual ways of learning. Ranging from refugees to the average day laborer, billions participate in this shared identity and vastly outnumber highly literate adults. The ways ALFE learn differ significantly from that of cross-cultural workers who seek to share God’s Word with them. Global servants tend to learn by lecture and discussion, critical analysis, or tackling exegesis and preaching, signature pedagogies of western theological education. However, these familiar pedagogies are foreign to oral learners. What happens when two sets of signature pedagogies meet and clash? Do literates make way for oral learners, or are these adults forced into a reading mode? This article explores the foundational learning culture of ALFE and the signature pedagogies they prefer. Research-backed advice equips advocates to make way for ALFE and serves to inform the training of global workers to utilize connected learning pedagogies.
在麦克洛斯基的经典作品《为小鸭子让路》中,两只野鸭试图在繁忙的波士顿养育自己的孩子。小鸭子们在城市生活中挣扎,它们一家需要帮助才能穿越城市环境,前往更安全的海岛家园。在整个故事中,善良的倡导者们为这些弱势居民拦车让路。同样,一大群弱势成人也发现识字的世界并不那么诱人。受过有限正规教育的成年人(ALFE,al-phee)或口语学习者往往也需要他人为他们让路。无论是由于战争、灾难、文化信仰、学习障碍还是家庭环境,口语学习者可能缺乏受教育的机会,更喜欢非文字的学习方式。从难民到普通的日工,数十亿人参与了这一共同的身份认同,其人数远远超过识字率高的成年人。ALFE 的学习方式与试图与他们分享上帝话语的跨文化工作者的学习方式大相径庭。全球仆人倾向于通过讲座和讨论、批判性分析或处理训诂和讲道来学习,这些都是西方神学教育的标志性教学法。然而,这些耳熟能详的教学法对于口语学习者来说却是陌生的。当两套标志性教学法相遇并发生冲突时,会发生什么?是识字者为口语学习者让路,还是这些成年人被迫进入阅读模式?本文探讨了 ALFE 的基础学习文化及其偏好的特色教学法。以研究为基础的建议使倡导者能够为 ALFE 让路,并为培训全球工作者使用联系学习教学法提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Honor and shame are important, but they are not the only game in town: Players from Culturology 荣誉和耻辱固然重要,但并不是城里唯一的游戏:来自文化学的玩家
Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.1177/00918296241237511
Roland Paul Cox
Missiologists have given considerable attention to honor and shame (to a lesser extent, guilt and innocence, fear and power, individualism versus collectivism, and power distance) and have neglected other aspects of culture. Because of this neglect, many have an unbalanced perspective of culture. The discipline of Culturology provides a more balanced view of culture (while also capturing the aspects mentioned above). This article explores some of the often neglected “players” of Culturology: monumentalism versus flexibility, long-term versus short-term orientation, self-stability versus self-adaptability, assertion versus the Middle Way, and absolutist versus dialectical beliefs. This work also discusses the well-known players (honor and shame, individualism versus collectivism, etc.) to provide a contrast. The conclusion of this article has suggestions to help mission practitioners apply more cultural aspects in their ministries and have a better balanced cultural perspective.
传道学者对荣辱(其次是罪与非罪、恐惧与权力、个人主义与集体主义以及权力距离)给予了相当大的关注,却忽视了文化的其他方面。由于这种忽视,许多人对文化的认识是不平衡的。文化学这门学科提供了一种更为平衡的文化视角(同时也捕捉到了上述方面)。本文探讨了文化学中一些经常被忽视的 "角色":纪念主义与灵活性、长期取向与短期取向、自我稳定与自我适应、主张与中庸之道、绝对主义与辩证信仰。作品还讨论了众所周知的角色(荣辱观、个人主义与集体主义等),以提供对比。本文的结论部分提出了一些建议,帮助宣教士在他们的事工中应用更多的文化因素,并拥有更平衡的文化视角。
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引用次数: 0
Conformed and conforming: Hybridization, discernment, and the gospel/culture interface 顺应与被顺应:杂交、辨别力与福音/文化界面
Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.1177/00918296241236716
Michelle Kallmier
This article considers the interface of gospel and culture through the lenses of hybridity theory and (in particular) hybridization theory. These lenses bring important nuance to how we conceive of humans in their cultural worlds, and bring a helpful understanding of what is at stake (and what is often left out) in discussions about gospel and culture: namely the cultural hybridity of all Christians and the crucial question of how discernment on cultural matters actually takes place. Arguing that discernment is best treated as a process rather than a one-point-in-time decision, and that praxis is an integral part of discernment processes, I give five key questions to reflect on as Christians—individually and corporately—seek to faithfully express our allegiance to Jesus in our complex and changing cultural worlds.
本文通过杂交理论和(特别是)杂交理论的视角来探讨福音与文化的关系。这些视角为我们如何看待文化世界中的人类带来了重要的细微差别,并有助于我们理解在有关福音与文化的讨论中什么是利害攸关的(以及什么是经常被忽略的):即所有基督徒的文化混杂性,以及在文化问题上的辨别究竟是如何进行的这一关键问题。我认为,最好把辨别当作一个过程,而不是一个一次性的决定,实践是辨别过程中不可或缺的一部分。我提出了五个关键问题,供基督徒--无论是个人还是团体--在复杂多变的文化世界中忠实地表达我们对耶稣的忠诚时思考。
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引用次数: 0
Embodied interreligious engagement: Female gendered bodies, reconciliation, and sport in Djibouti 体现宗教间的交往:吉布提女性性别身体、和解与体育
Pub Date : 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.1177/00918296241230981
Rachel Jones
Foreign Christian women in Muslim-majority countries may experience gendered culture shock and various forms of insidious trauma. This is rarely addressed by organizations or individuals yet has a significant impact on women, their communities, and their work by causing a rupture in their concept of self, community, and God. This article argues that participation in sports as intentional embodied interreligious engagement offers potential for Christian and Muslim women to mutually discover valuable resources for reconciling what trauma ruptures, namely their relationship with their own bodies and their communities. The article first establishes the experience of gendered culture shock, sexual harassment, and insidious trauma, and reasons Christians may downplay their impact. It then develops the concept of an incarnational ministry of reconciliation. This is followed by looking at how intentional interreligious engagement must begin on neutral ground and identifies sports as one possibility for embodiment in interreligious engagement. The article concludes with suggestions for further research and ideas for further embodied interaction, moving toward deeper and more intentional interreligious engagement.
在穆斯林占多数的国家,外国基督教妇女可能会经历性别文化冲击和各种形式的隐性创伤。这种情况很少被组织或个人所关注,但却对妇女、她们的社区和她们的工作产生了重大影响,因为这会造成她们对自我、社区和上帝观念的破裂。本文认为,参与体育运动作为有意体现的跨宗教参与,为基督教妇女和穆斯林妇女提供了相互发现宝贵资源的可能性,以调和创伤所造成的破裂,即她们与自己的身体和社区的关系。文章首先介绍了性别文化冲击、性骚扰和隐性创伤的经历,以及基督徒可能淡化其影响的原因。然后,文章提出了道成肉身的和好事工的概念。随后,文章探讨了宗教间的有意参与必须如何从中立的立场开始,并指出体育运动是宗教间参与的一种体现方式。文章最后提出了进一步研究的建议和进一步体现互动的想法,从而迈向更深入、更有意识的宗教间交往。
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引用次数: 0
Recovering the resurrection of Jesus as essential gospel core 恢复耶稣复活作为福音核心的地位
Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1177/00918296241230974
George R. Hunsberger
Any of our evangelistic efforts to attend to clarity, fidelity, and potency in our grasp of the gospel must engage an element at the core of the gospel that has become largely missing in our ways of telling it. God raised Jesus from the dead. What we have allowed to be peripheral is in fact an action of God by which all else has a place to stand. Restoring it at the heart of our grasp of the gospel establishes and renews every other dimension of the good news.
我们传福音的任何努力都必须关注我们对福音的理解是否清晰、忠实和有力,而我们讲述福音的方式却在很大程度上忽略了福音的核心要素。上帝让耶稣从死里复活。事实上,我们所忽略的是上帝的行动,而所有其他的行动都是上帝的行动。在我们对福音的理解中,将其恢复到核心位置,就能确立并更新福音的其他方面。
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引用次数: 0
The mission and people of God: Rethinking theology and theological methodology in Asia 上帝的使命与子民反思亚洲的神学和神学方法论
Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1177/00918296241230976
Justin Joon Lee
The 20th century brought unprecedented growth to the global church. With this growth came new and contextual forms of theology, as well as recognition of the limits of the Western theological tradition. However, compared with Africa and Latin America, Asian theology has been slow to develop in response to this shift, especially among conservatives and evangelicals. While several prominent names are often cited as representatives of Asian theology, their work has little impact on much of the Asian church, which is characteristically grassroots and conservative. Scholars continue to debate what Asian theology is and how to do it. This article explores some of the methodological implications of the global shift in theology, specifically for Asian contexts. It also identifies some of the hindrances to better and more relevant Asian theology: (1) a universal top–down approach to theology in Asia and (2) overly Western ways of thinking that have shaped the discipline. Finally, this article offers two possibilities for Asian theology going forward: (1) mission and the reality of God’s work in Asia and (2) the people themselves and the stories of God’s work among them.
20 世纪为全球教会带来了前所未有的发展。伴随着这一增长而来的是新的、符合背景的神学形式,以及对西方神学传统局限性的认识。然而,与非洲和拉丁美洲相比,亚洲神学在应对这一转变方面发展缓慢,尤其是在保守派和福音派中。虽然亚洲神学的代表人物中经常出现几位著名人士,但他们的工作对大部分亚洲教会的影响甚微,因为亚洲教会的特点是草根和保守。学者们仍在争论什么是亚洲神学以及如何做亚洲神学。本文探讨了全球神学转变在方法论上的一些影响,特别是对亚洲语境的影响。文章还指出了阻碍亚洲神学更好、更切合实际的一些因素:(1) 亚洲神学普遍采用自上而下的方法;(2) 过度西方化的思维方式塑造了这门学科。最后,本文为亚洲神学的发展提供了两种可能性:(1)宣教和上帝在亚洲工作的现实;(2)人本身和上帝在他们中间工作的故事。
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引用次数: 0
Book review: Paul Joshua, Christianity Remade: The Rise of Indian-Initiated Churches 书评保罗-约书亚,《重塑基督教》:印度人发起的教会的兴起
Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1177/00918296241227725
Sam George
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引用次数: 0
The perceived influences and reasons Buddhist background believers in Nongkhai, Northeast Thailand converted to Christianity 泰国东北部廊开府佛教背景信徒皈依基督教的影响和原因认知
Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1177/00918296241230975
Chatchai Puipim, K. Hilderbrand
This article presents the results of a study on the self-perceived reasons Thai Buddhist background believers in Nongkhai, Northeast Thailand converted to Christianity. The central question of this qualitative grounded-theory study was what do Thai-Buddhist background believers in this area perceive as factors or influences that led them to become Christian? Other studies have focused on Thai Buddhist background believers in general, but this study focused on the unique situation of Isaan or Northeastern Thai living in Nongkhai. This study identified three factors that Thai Nongkhai Buddhist background believers expressed as influences and factors in their Christian conversion. First, participants experienced a mild to severe crisis. Second, participants were attracted to the character of Christians or the Christian lifestyle, and third, the participants perceived a supernatural encounter with God. The significant component in most accounts was the testimony that participants had a supernatural encounter that influenced the convert’s decision to become Christian.
本文介绍了一项关于泰国东北部廊开地区泰国佛教背景信徒皈依基督教的自我认知原因的研究结果。这项定性基础理论研究的中心问题是:该地区的泰国佛教背景信徒认为是哪些因素或影响导致他们皈依基督教?其他研究侧重于泰国佛教背景的一般信徒,但本研究侧重于生活在廊开的伊萨或东北泰族的独特情况。本研究发现了泰国廊开府佛教背景信徒皈依基督教的三个影响因素。首先,参与者经历了轻微到严重的危机。第二,参与者被基督徒的品格或基督徒的生活方式所吸引;第三,参与者感知到与上帝的超自然相遇。在大多数叙述中,最重要的部分是参与者有超自然遭遇的见证,这种遭遇影响了皈依者成为基督徒的决定。
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引用次数: 0
Book review: Ryan R. Gladwin, Streams of Latin American Protestant Theology 书评:Ryan R. Gladwin,《拉丁美洲新教神学流派
Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1177/00918296241227740
Jaime Jimenez
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引用次数: 0
Book review: Alan T. Baker, Foundations of Chaplaincy: A Practical Guide 书评:Alan T. Baker,《牧师的基础》:实用指南
Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1177/00918296241227737
John A. Carter
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Missiology: An International Review
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