Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1177/1934578x241259830
Thi Hong Tuoi Do, Thi Kim Oanh Nguyen, Le Thanh Tuyen Nguyen, Thi Thu Van Le, Thi Kim Anh Le, Jing Li, Hieu Phu Chi Truong, Manh Hung Tran, Thi Hong Van Le
Background: Processed Panax notoginseng has been found to have an inhibitory effect on the growth of cancer cells in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. However, there has been limited research in Vietnam on the supportive effects of processed P. notoginseng in cancer treatment. Methods: In this study, P. notoginseng was collected and subjected to steam processing at temperatures of 100 °C and 120 °C for 2 to 10 h. The cytotoxic activity of these extracts was tested on A549 cells in vitro. Additionally, the acute toxicity of processed P. notoginseng was evaluated in healthy mice, and the in vivo anti-tumor effect was investigated in mice induced by 7,12-dimethyl-benz[1]anthracene. Results: The results showed that, processed P. notoginseng demonstrated a stronger ability to inhibit the proliferation of A549 lung cancer cells compared to the unprocessed one. Among the different processing conditions, the extract obtained at 120 °C for 4 h (PPN120-4) was selected for further study in mice. This extract did not show acute oral toxicity and had no effect on the survival or mortality of DMBA-induced mice. PPN120-4 also reduced the body weight of mice and decreased skin tumor size. Moreover, PPN120-4 increased necrosis of lung cancer cells. Conclusion: Processing P. notoginseng through steam treatment at various temperatures and durations enhanced its inhibitory activity against A549 lung cancer cells compared to the unprocessed samples. Among them, PPN120-4, obtained through processing at 120 °C for 4 h, exhibited no acute oral toxicity in mice and showed potential antitumor effects in DMBA-induced tumors in vivo.
{"title":"Investigation of in Vitro Cytotoxic Activity and in Vivo Anti-Tumor Activity in Tumor-Causing Mice with 7,12-Dimethyl-benz[1]anthracene of Vietnamese Processed Panax notoginseng","authors":"Thi Hong Tuoi Do, Thi Kim Oanh Nguyen, Le Thanh Tuyen Nguyen, Thi Thu Van Le, Thi Kim Anh Le, Jing Li, Hieu Phu Chi Truong, Manh Hung Tran, Thi Hong Van Le","doi":"10.1177/1934578x241259830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x241259830","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Processed Panax notoginseng has been found to have an inhibitory effect on the growth of cancer cells in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. However, there has been limited research in Vietnam on the supportive effects of processed P. notoginseng in cancer treatment. Methods: In this study, P. notoginseng was collected and subjected to steam processing at temperatures of 100 °C and 120 °C for 2 to 10 h. The cytotoxic activity of these extracts was tested on A549 cells in vitro. Additionally, the acute toxicity of processed P. notoginseng was evaluated in healthy mice, and the in vivo anti-tumor effect was investigated in mice induced by 7,12-dimethyl-benz[1]anthracene. Results: The results showed that, processed P. notoginseng demonstrated a stronger ability to inhibit the proliferation of A549 lung cancer cells compared to the unprocessed one. Among the different processing conditions, the extract obtained at 120 °C for 4 h (PPN120-4) was selected for further study in mice. This extract did not show acute oral toxicity and had no effect on the survival or mortality of DMBA-induced mice. PPN120-4 also reduced the body weight of mice and decreased skin tumor size. Moreover, PPN120-4 increased necrosis of lung cancer cells. Conclusion: Processing P. notoginseng through steam treatment at various temperatures and durations enhanced its inhibitory activity against A549 lung cancer cells compared to the unprocessed samples. Among them, PPN120-4, obtained through processing at 120 °C for 4 h, exhibited no acute oral toxicity in mice and showed potential antitumor effects in DMBA-induced tumors in vivo.","PeriodicalId":509851,"journal":{"name":"Natural Product Communications","volume":"82 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141391374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1177/1934578x241260597
Mahmoud Khalid, F. Al-Rimawi, Sama Darwish, Zaidoun Salah, S. Alnasser, Fadel Wedian, Rami Ayoub, Raed Al-Saharin, Haya J. Ayyal Salman, G. Al-Mazaideh
Synthetic chemical drug treatments have drawbacks including adverse effects and toxicity. Natural alternatives are sought after. Chemotherapy can be toxic. Medicinal plants offer a suggested alternative. This study examines P. harmala plant extracts for phenolic and flavonoid content, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Two samples of P. harmala plant extract were prepared using ultrasonication, with ethanol concentrations of 100% and 50%. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using a chemical assay method. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated against gram-positive bacteria ( Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus) and gram-negative bacteria ( Escherichia coli) using the diffusion procedure. The antioxidant impact of the extracts was assessed using the DPPH procedure. P. harmala extracts showed inhibitory effects on MCF7 breast cancer and HT29 colon cancer cell lines. The results of the study indicated that the P. harmala plant extracts were rich in phenolic compounds (with total phenolic content of 215.8 ± 3.5 and 155.8 ± 2.9 mg gallic acid per g extract for 50% and 100% ethanol extracts, respectively) and flavonoids (with total flavonoids content of 112.1 ± 3.1 and 92.3 ± 1.8 mg catechin per g extract) and had a high rate of antioxidant activity. The 50% ethanol extract yielded 411.8 ± 3.5 μmol trolox/g, while the 100% ethanol extract yielded 312.9 ± 8.2 μmol trolox per g extract. P. harmala extracts exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, and Streptococcus. They also demonstrated strong anticancer activity, causing significant cell death in breast and colon cancer cell lines within 48 h of culturing. P. harmala ethanolic extracts are rich in polyphenolic compounds and flavonoids, displaying high antioxidant activity. They also exhibit strong inhibitory effects against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and demonstrate potent anticancer activity against breast and colon cancer cell lines.
{"title":"Assessment of the Anticancer, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Activities of the Peganum harmala L. Plant","authors":"Mahmoud Khalid, F. Al-Rimawi, Sama Darwish, Zaidoun Salah, S. Alnasser, Fadel Wedian, Rami Ayoub, Raed Al-Saharin, Haya J. Ayyal Salman, G. Al-Mazaideh","doi":"10.1177/1934578x241260597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x241260597","url":null,"abstract":"Synthetic chemical drug treatments have drawbacks including adverse effects and toxicity. Natural alternatives are sought after. Chemotherapy can be toxic. Medicinal plants offer a suggested alternative. This study examines P. harmala plant extracts for phenolic and flavonoid content, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Two samples of P. harmala plant extract were prepared using ultrasonication, with ethanol concentrations of 100% and 50%. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using a chemical assay method. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated against gram-positive bacteria ( Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus) and gram-negative bacteria ( Escherichia coli) using the diffusion procedure. The antioxidant impact of the extracts was assessed using the DPPH procedure. P. harmala extracts showed inhibitory effects on MCF7 breast cancer and HT29 colon cancer cell lines. The results of the study indicated that the P. harmala plant extracts were rich in phenolic compounds (with total phenolic content of 215.8 ± 3.5 and 155.8 ± 2.9 mg gallic acid per g extract for 50% and 100% ethanol extracts, respectively) and flavonoids (with total flavonoids content of 112.1 ± 3.1 and 92.3 ± 1.8 mg catechin per g extract) and had a high rate of antioxidant activity. The 50% ethanol extract yielded 411.8 ± 3.5 μmol trolox/g, while the 100% ethanol extract yielded 312.9 ± 8.2 μmol trolox per g extract. P. harmala extracts exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, and Streptococcus. They also demonstrated strong anticancer activity, causing significant cell death in breast and colon cancer cell lines within 48 h of culturing. P. harmala ethanolic extracts are rich in polyphenolic compounds and flavonoids, displaying high antioxidant activity. They also exhibit strong inhibitory effects against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and demonstrate potent anticancer activity against breast and colon cancer cell lines.","PeriodicalId":509851,"journal":{"name":"Natural Product Communications","volume":"67 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141392694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1177/1934578x241257125
Fatemeh Erfani, F. Farhadi, M. Iranshahi, Motahareh Boozari
Postprandial hyperglycemia is considered an early sign of diabetes. Enzyme inhibitors, such as α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors, are currently being studied as potential drugs for preventing postprandial hyperglycemia. In this study, we investigated the effects of four purified 7-hydroxycoumarine derivatives from Ferula assafoetida: umbelliprenin, farnesiferol A, farnesiferol C, and samarcandin. We evaluated cell toxicity using the MTT method and also examined glucose uptake and inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes in vitro. Additionally, we conducted a molecular docking study to investigate the mechanism of enzyme inhibition. The cell toxicity of the terpenoid coumarin derivatives (umbelliprenin, farnesiferol A, farnesiferol C, and samarcandin) on HepG2 cells was found to be approximately 28 to 37 µg/ml. The glucose uptake assay showed that these compounds (at a concentration of 25 µg/ml) were able to increase glucose consumption by HepG2 cells to a level comparable to that of the positive control (metformin at 50 µg/ml). Furthermore, umbelliprenin significantly inhibited the activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase (by 35.07% and 4.98%, respectively). Molecular docking results indicated that umbelliprenin, with a farnesyl chain, had a more potent inhibitory effect. Our findings suggest that umbelliprenin may be a valuable compound for controlling postprandial hyperglycemia and diabetes. However, further in vivo studies and clinical trials are necessary to validate these effects. While this research offers potential for the development of more effective compounds with coumarin structures, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Anti-diabetic Activity of Purified Compounds of Ferula assafoetida by in vitro and in silico Methods","authors":"Fatemeh Erfani, F. Farhadi, M. Iranshahi, Motahareh Boozari","doi":"10.1177/1934578x241257125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x241257125","url":null,"abstract":"Postprandial hyperglycemia is considered an early sign of diabetes. Enzyme inhibitors, such as α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors, are currently being studied as potential drugs for preventing postprandial hyperglycemia. In this study, we investigated the effects of four purified 7-hydroxycoumarine derivatives from Ferula assafoetida: umbelliprenin, farnesiferol A, farnesiferol C, and samarcandin. We evaluated cell toxicity using the MTT method and also examined glucose uptake and inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes in vitro. Additionally, we conducted a molecular docking study to investigate the mechanism of enzyme inhibition. The cell toxicity of the terpenoid coumarin derivatives (umbelliprenin, farnesiferol A, farnesiferol C, and samarcandin) on HepG2 cells was found to be approximately 28 to 37 µg/ml. The glucose uptake assay showed that these compounds (at a concentration of 25 µg/ml) were able to increase glucose consumption by HepG2 cells to a level comparable to that of the positive control (metformin at 50 µg/ml). Furthermore, umbelliprenin significantly inhibited the activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase (by 35.07% and 4.98%, respectively). Molecular docking results indicated that umbelliprenin, with a farnesyl chain, had a more potent inhibitory effect. Our findings suggest that umbelliprenin may be a valuable compound for controlling postprandial hyperglycemia and diabetes. However, further in vivo studies and clinical trials are necessary to validate these effects. While this research offers potential for the development of more effective compounds with coumarin structures, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.","PeriodicalId":509851,"journal":{"name":"Natural Product Communications","volume":"62 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141391135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: We explore the pharmacodynamic targets of kaempferol in treating osteoporosis using transcriptomics and animal experiment. Methods: Firstly, we constructed an ovariectomized rat model (OVX). The anti-osteoporosis effect of kaempferol was evaluated by bone mineral density (BMD) and hematoxylin-eosin staining comprehensively. Moreover, differential genes between groups were screened by RNA sequencing technology (RNA-seq) for transcriptomics and Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways enrichment analysis were performed. Finally, partial results of transcriptomics were verified to detect the expression of the relevant gene expression by immunohistochemistry. Results: The pharmacodynamic findings indicated that the administration of kaempferol resulted in an elevation in BMD ( P < .01) and a notable enhancement in tibia microstructural indices in the experimental rats ( P < .01). The transcriptomic analysis revealed that NTN1, LTBP4, GSN, and EBF1 were identified as the principal targets for therapeutic intervention in osteoporosis. The results of animal experiments showed that kaempferol promoted osteogenesis and inhibited bone resorption by downregulating the protein expression of NTN1, LTBP4, GSN, and EBF1 ( P < .01). Conclusion: Kaempferol enhances BMD levels, retards tibial bone loss with structural deterioration in OVX model rats, and promotes bone formation while curbing bone resorption through NTN1, LTBP4, GSN, and EBF1 protein down-regulation.
{"title":"Transcriptomics-based Exploration of the Mechanism of Kaempferol in the Treatment of Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Rats","authors":"Zhang-lin Pu, Chi Zhang, Qian Yan, Zhou Liang, Zhi-Wei Xu, Ji-hu Wei, Hua Liu, Feng Chen","doi":"10.1177/1934578x241260598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x241260598","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: We explore the pharmacodynamic targets of kaempferol in treating osteoporosis using transcriptomics and animal experiment. Methods: Firstly, we constructed an ovariectomized rat model (OVX). The anti-osteoporosis effect of kaempferol was evaluated by bone mineral density (BMD) and hematoxylin-eosin staining comprehensively. Moreover, differential genes between groups were screened by RNA sequencing technology (RNA-seq) for transcriptomics and Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways enrichment analysis were performed. Finally, partial results of transcriptomics were verified to detect the expression of the relevant gene expression by immunohistochemistry. Results: The pharmacodynamic findings indicated that the administration of kaempferol resulted in an elevation in BMD ( P < .01) and a notable enhancement in tibia microstructural indices in the experimental rats ( P < .01). The transcriptomic analysis revealed that NTN1, LTBP4, GSN, and EBF1 were identified as the principal targets for therapeutic intervention in osteoporosis. The results of animal experiments showed that kaempferol promoted osteogenesis and inhibited bone resorption by downregulating the protein expression of NTN1, LTBP4, GSN, and EBF1 ( P < .01). Conclusion: Kaempferol enhances BMD levels, retards tibial bone loss with structural deterioration in OVX model rats, and promotes bone formation while curbing bone resorption through NTN1, LTBP4, GSN, and EBF1 protein down-regulation.","PeriodicalId":509851,"journal":{"name":"Natural Product Communications","volume":"2004 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141401240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Immune checkpoint regulation is a negative feedback regulatory mechanism in the body, and sequential death receptor-1 (PD-1) and programmed death receptor ligand-1 (PD-L1) are known as immune checkpoints. The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway inhibits the activity of effector T cells through a negative regulatory mechanism to avoid excessive response-induced body damage. PD-L1 is highly expressed in many tumor tissues, and high PD-L1 expression can ultimately lead to tumor immune escape. Therefore, immune checkpoint blockade with inhibition of negative immune regulation therapy has become a cutting-edge hot spot for antitumor therapy, with the main target molecules being PD-1 and PD-L1. Recent years have seen promising progress in the study of traditional Chinese medicines and their effects on gastric and colon cancers, particularly in relation to the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway mechanisms. This review specifically examines the modulation of the PD-L1 pathway by certain traditional Chinese medicines in gastric and colon cancers, aiming to provide insights for the development of innovative drugs for these types of digestive cancers.
免疫检查点调节是机体的一种负反馈调节机制，序贯死亡受体-1（PD-1）和程序性死亡受体配体-1（PD-L1）被称为免疫检查点。PD-1/PD-L1 通路通过负调控机制抑制效应 T 细胞的活性，以避免过度反应引起的机体损伤。PD-L1 在许多肿瘤组织中高表达，PD-L1 的高表达最终会导致肿瘤免疫逃逸。因此，抑制免疫负调控的免疫检查点阻断疗法已成为抗肿瘤治疗的前沿热点，其主要靶点分子为PD-1和PD-L1。近年来，中药及其对胃癌和结肠癌影响的研究取得了可喜的进展，尤其是与 PD-1/PD-L1 通路机制相关的研究。本综述特别探讨了某些中药对胃癌和结肠癌中 PD-L1 通路的调节作用，旨在为开发治疗这类消化系统癌症的创新药物提供启示。
{"title":"Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Inhibiting the PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway in the Treatment of Gastric and Colon Cancers","authors":"XingHui Zhu, ShuJie Wang, Lie Xie, DongMei Chen, MingRui Zhao, XiaoMing Liu, ZhiChao Fan, Cisong Cheng","doi":"10.1177/1934578x241258914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x241258914","url":null,"abstract":"Immune checkpoint regulation is a negative feedback regulatory mechanism in the body, and sequential death receptor-1 (PD-1) and programmed death receptor ligand-1 (PD-L1) are known as immune checkpoints. The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway inhibits the activity of effector T cells through a negative regulatory mechanism to avoid excessive response-induced body damage. PD-L1 is highly expressed in many tumor tissues, and high PD-L1 expression can ultimately lead to tumor immune escape. Therefore, immune checkpoint blockade with inhibition of negative immune regulation therapy has become a cutting-edge hot spot for antitumor therapy, with the main target molecules being PD-1 and PD-L1. Recent years have seen promising progress in the study of traditional Chinese medicines and their effects on gastric and colon cancers, particularly in relation to the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway mechanisms. This review specifically examines the modulation of the PD-L1 pathway by certain traditional Chinese medicines in gastric and colon cancers, aiming to provide insights for the development of innovative drugs for these types of digestive cancers.","PeriodicalId":509851,"journal":{"name":"Natural Product Communications","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141396246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this study was to analyze the fatty acid content, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of Argemone mexicana seed oil growing wild in north East Ethiopia. Oils of A mexicana L. were obtained by means of Screw press from seeds. Methyl esters were derived from the oily mixtures by trans-esterification process and were analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS systems. This oil was investigated for antioxidant activity using a DPPH radical-scavenging assay and was also tested against a panel of microorganisms. Linolenic acid (49.00%) and oleic acid (28.91%) were the most abundant fatty acids in leaves and stems, respectively. The oil showed moderate to highest antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Shigella dysentery, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, and Escherichia coli. The oil also demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity with the percentage of inhibition of 92.5% at a concentration of 1.5 mg/mL, and its IC50 and AAI were 22.4 µg/mL and 4.93 µg/mL, respectively. The results obtained from the present study indicated that the oil of A mexicana seed oil contained a high source of polyunsaturated fatty acids. These results also showed that the extracted oil from this plant has significant antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.
{"title":"Determination of the Fatty Acid Compositions and Bioactive Properties of Argemone mexicana Seed Oil","authors":"Melese Damtew Asfaw, Adamu Tizazu Yadeta, Mequanintie Gebeyehu Awoke","doi":"10.1177/1934578x241257824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x241257824","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to analyze the fatty acid content, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of Argemone mexicana seed oil growing wild in north East Ethiopia. Oils of A mexicana L. were obtained by means of Screw press from seeds. Methyl esters were derived from the oily mixtures by trans-esterification process and were analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS systems. This oil was investigated for antioxidant activity using a DPPH radical-scavenging assay and was also tested against a panel of microorganisms. Linolenic acid (49.00%) and oleic acid (28.91%) were the most abundant fatty acids in leaves and stems, respectively. The oil showed moderate to highest antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Shigella dysentery, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, and Escherichia coli. The oil also demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity with the percentage of inhibition of 92.5% at a concentration of 1.5 mg/mL, and its IC50 and AAI were 22.4 µg/mL and 4.93 µg/mL, respectively. The results obtained from the present study indicated that the oil of A mexicana seed oil contained a high source of polyunsaturated fatty acids. These results also showed that the extracted oil from this plant has significant antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.","PeriodicalId":509851,"journal":{"name":"Natural Product Communications","volume":"59 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141404820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1177/1934578x241259834
Kolade O. Faloye, S. Oguntimehin, S. A. Adesida, K. Olufolabo, O. I. Bello, Israel A. Oguntimehin, Jeremiah P. Ugwo, Tolulope B. Babaagba, Blessing I. Okunribido, J. Aladesanmi
This study validated the antimalarial efficacy of Laportea aestuans extract using chemosuppressive and curative models, identified its most active fraction, and performed chemical profiling of the active fraction. The aerial part of L. aestuans (LA) was extracted with 80% methanol and assayed for its chemosuppressive and curative antimalarial activities through the oral administration of the extract (100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg) to groups consisting of five mice each. The extract was thereafter suspended in water and partitioned with dichloromethane to afford the dichloromethane (DLA) and aqueous (ALA) fractions. The fractions (10, 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg) were thereafter tested for their antimalarial activity followed by GC-MS analysis of the most active fraction. The toxicity level was found to be above 2000 mg/kg. The activity recorded for the four-day chemosuppressive antimalarial tests showed a dose-dependent activity up to 400 mg/kg. The activity was significantly lower than that of chloroquine. The antimalarial activity of the extract at the lowest dose of 100 mg/kg was 42%. In the curative test, the extract of LA gave a dose-dependent activity that was significantly higher than the negative control. The DLA and ALA fractions gave a comparable curative activity across all doses. At 10 mg/kg, ALA and DLA gave percentage clearance of 81.25 ± 1.84 and 87.45 ± 1.35, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of the negative control (0.00 ± 0.00) and significantly lower than that of the positive control (94.93 ± 0.26). The chemical profiling revealed the presence of non-polar and medium-polar constituents in the dichloromethane fraction. The good antimalarial activity elicited by LA extractives supports its usage in ethnomedicine as an antimalarial agent.
{"title":"Antimalarial Studies and Phytochemical Profiling of Laportea aestuans (L.) Chew Extractives","authors":"Kolade O. Faloye, S. Oguntimehin, S. A. Adesida, K. Olufolabo, O. I. Bello, Israel A. Oguntimehin, Jeremiah P. Ugwo, Tolulope B. Babaagba, Blessing I. Okunribido, J. Aladesanmi","doi":"10.1177/1934578x241259834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x241259834","url":null,"abstract":"This study validated the antimalarial efficacy of Laportea aestuans extract using chemosuppressive and curative models, identified its most active fraction, and performed chemical profiling of the active fraction. The aerial part of L. aestuans (LA) was extracted with 80% methanol and assayed for its chemosuppressive and curative antimalarial activities through the oral administration of the extract (100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg) to groups consisting of five mice each. The extract was thereafter suspended in water and partitioned with dichloromethane to afford the dichloromethane (DLA) and aqueous (ALA) fractions. The fractions (10, 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg) were thereafter tested for their antimalarial activity followed by GC-MS analysis of the most active fraction. The toxicity level was found to be above 2000 mg/kg. The activity recorded for the four-day chemosuppressive antimalarial tests showed a dose-dependent activity up to 400 mg/kg. The activity was significantly lower than that of chloroquine. The antimalarial activity of the extract at the lowest dose of 100 mg/kg was 42%. In the curative test, the extract of LA gave a dose-dependent activity that was significantly higher than the negative control. The DLA and ALA fractions gave a comparable curative activity across all doses. At 10 mg/kg, ALA and DLA gave percentage clearance of 81.25 ± 1.84 and 87.45 ± 1.35, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of the negative control (0.00 ± 0.00) and significantly lower than that of the positive control (94.93 ± 0.26). The chemical profiling revealed the presence of non-polar and medium-polar constituents in the dichloromethane fraction. The good antimalarial activity elicited by LA extractives supports its usage in ethnomedicine as an antimalarial agent.","PeriodicalId":509851,"journal":{"name":"Natural Product Communications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141399854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1177/1934578x241259021
Biswash Sapkota, Paridhi Kunwar
Calendula officinalis Linn, known as pot marigold, is a plant that belongs to the Asteraceae family. Various online bibliographic databases namely, Google scholar, PubMed, SciFinder, and Web of Science were used for integrating information. Calendula officinalis is extensively used in Homoeopathic, Unani, and Ayurvedic system of medication as diaphoretic, analgesic, antiseptic, and anti-inflammatory agents and used to treat gynaecological issues, gastro-intestinal disorders, inflammations of oral and pharyangeal mucosa, eye problems, skin injuries and certain burns, poor eyesight, and menstrual irregularities. Several studies have shown that Calendula officinalis is a major source of diverse classes of bioactive compounds namely terpenoids, flavonoids, coumarines, quinones, and carotenoids. Various in vivo and in vitro assessment of Calendula officinalis's pharmacological activity suggest that the plant has antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anticancer, and gastroprotective activity. This review compiles the information about pharmacological activities, traditional medicinal uses, and phytochemicals present in Calendula officinalis.
金盏花（Calendula officinalis Linn）被称为盆栽万寿菊，是一种菊科植物。我们使用了各种在线文献数据库，即 Google scholar、PubMed、SciFinder 和 Web of Science 来整合信息。金盏花在同种疗法、尤那尼和阿育吠陀医学体系中被广泛用作解热、镇痛、杀菌和消炎药，并用于治疗妇科疾病、胃肠道疾病、口腔和咽部粘膜炎症、眼部问题、皮肤损伤和某些烧伤、视力不佳以及月经不调。多项研究表明，金盏花是多种生物活性化合物（即萜类、类黄酮、香豆素、醌类和类胡萝卜素）的主要来源。对金盏花药理活性的各种体内和体外评估表明，该植物具有抗糖尿病、抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗癌和保护胃黏膜的活性。本综述汇编了有关金盏花的药理活性、传统医学用途和植物化学成分的信息。
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Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1177/1934578x241259003
E. Nwanna, Olayemi Philemon Aro, O. Ogunsuyi, S. Shodehinde, G. Oboh
Previous study have shown that the seeds of the tamarind tree ( Tamarindus indica) have anti-diabetic properties without any evidence on the processing method. This present study was carried out to investigate the effect of fermentation on antioxidant as well as anti-diabetic properties of Tamarind ( Tamarindus indica) seeds. The sample was pulverized after five days of typical fermentation alongside raw sample and examined for its antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties. Antioxidant assays such as FRAP, ABTS, NO, and DPPH were carried out to determine the in-vitro inhibitory effects on diabetes-related enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase, while amino acids, proximate and minerals content were carried out. The findings revealed that fermentation changed the antioxidant properties of the seed powder. While total phenols and flavonoids decreased, inhibition was observed with α-amylase and α-glucosidase, although raw has higher results. Interestingly, the analysis of 18 amino acids on raw and fermented samples indicated an increase value with fermentation. Moreover, there were elevations in Zn, Mn, K, and vitamins C, D, E, and B1. In summary, the study indicates that tamarind fermented seed powder holds promise for exerting anti-diabetic effects, likely due to its rich content of amino acids and vitamins endowed with antioxidant properties.
{"title":"Unveiling the Anti-Diabetic Potential: A Comparative Study on the Vitamin and Amino Acid Profiles of Bioactive Compounds in Fermented and Raw Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L) Seeds","authors":"E. Nwanna, Olayemi Philemon Aro, O. Ogunsuyi, S. Shodehinde, G. Oboh","doi":"10.1177/1934578x241259003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x241259003","url":null,"abstract":"Previous study have shown that the seeds of the tamarind tree ( Tamarindus indica) have anti-diabetic properties without any evidence on the processing method. This present study was carried out to investigate the effect of fermentation on antioxidant as well as anti-diabetic properties of Tamarind ( Tamarindus indica) seeds. The sample was pulverized after five days of typical fermentation alongside raw sample and examined for its antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties. Antioxidant assays such as FRAP, ABTS, NO, and DPPH were carried out to determine the in-vitro inhibitory effects on diabetes-related enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase, while amino acids, proximate and minerals content were carried out. The findings revealed that fermentation changed the antioxidant properties of the seed powder. While total phenols and flavonoids decreased, inhibition was observed with α-amylase and α-glucosidase, although raw has higher results. Interestingly, the analysis of 18 amino acids on raw and fermented samples indicated an increase value with fermentation. Moreover, there were elevations in Zn, Mn, K, and vitamins C, D, E, and B1. In summary, the study indicates that tamarind fermented seed powder holds promise for exerting anti-diabetic effects, likely due to its rich content of amino acids and vitamins endowed with antioxidant properties.","PeriodicalId":509851,"journal":{"name":"Natural Product Communications","volume":"90 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141407405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Humans are often exposed to a variety of toxic substances (including some drugs, herbs, environmental pollutants); all these heterologous substances can result in metabolic changes in organism. Clarifying their metabolic details will help to understand the beneficial and toxic effects of those heterologous substances. Traditional toxicology research tends to focus on toxic doses and time rather than on mechanisms and detoxification methods. Compared with other omics methods, metabolomics has unique, dynamic, and phenotypic characteristics. Similarly, metabolomics can link the interaction between genes and the environment; it represents both the downstream output of the genome and the upstream input of the environment, and reflects the interactions between biological system and environmental stimulation. It highlighting not only biological mechanisms but also closely related to the phenotype of biological events, which is widely employed in toxicology studies presently. Therefore, strengthening toxicological research based on metabolomics can help better understand the mechanisms of action and toxicological effects of toxic substances. Thus, present review systematically summarized and discussed the current application status of metabolomics approaches in toxicology, which might contribute to provide a deeper understanding of the processes and mechanisms of toxicity caused by related chemicals and herbal medicines, thereby reducing the occurrence of damage and providing technical reference for toxicity research.
{"title":"Current Evidence: Application of Metabolomic Approaches to Reveal Toxic Effect of Chemicals and Herbal Medicines","authors":"Xia Li, Junling Ren, Tai-ping Li, Ying Han, Hui Dong, Hui Sun, Guang-li Yan, Xijun Wang","doi":"10.1177/1934578x241259364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x241259364","url":null,"abstract":"Humans are often exposed to a variety of toxic substances (including some drugs, herbs, environmental pollutants); all these heterologous substances can result in metabolic changes in organism. Clarifying their metabolic details will help to understand the beneficial and toxic effects of those heterologous substances. Traditional toxicology research tends to focus on toxic doses and time rather than on mechanisms and detoxification methods. Compared with other omics methods, metabolomics has unique, dynamic, and phenotypic characteristics. Similarly, metabolomics can link the interaction between genes and the environment; it represents both the downstream output of the genome and the upstream input of the environment, and reflects the interactions between biological system and environmental stimulation. It highlighting not only biological mechanisms but also closely related to the phenotype of biological events, which is widely employed in toxicology studies presently. Therefore, strengthening toxicological research based on metabolomics can help better understand the mechanisms of action and toxicological effects of toxic substances. Thus, present review systematically summarized and discussed the current application status of metabolomics approaches in toxicology, which might contribute to provide a deeper understanding of the processes and mechanisms of toxicity caused by related chemicals and herbal medicines, thereby reducing the occurrence of damage and providing technical reference for toxicity research.","PeriodicalId":509851,"journal":{"name":"Natural Product Communications","volume":"2019 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141400184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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