In this study, ozonation was carried out prior to dyeing 100% polyester fabrics through spray application (without the use of water) at various durations and with different gas flow rates. The ozonated fabrics were dyed with Dianix Dry XF2 Rubine (disperse dye) in conventional and supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) medium. The main objective of the study is to investigate the colour efficiency of the ozone modified polyester fabric in waterless dyeing. Hydrophilicity, colour measurement, tensile strength, fastness tests, SEM analyses were performed on the samples. The results of dyeing the samples in a waterless medium after ozonation revealed higher colour strength (K/S) and better fastness test results with breaking strength values than conventionally dyed fabrics.
{"title":"The effect of surface modification with ozone in waterless (ScCO2) dyeing o polyester","authors":"S. Eren, Merve Öztürk, İdil Yi̇ği̇t","doi":"10.61112/jiens.1394433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61112/jiens.1394433","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, ozonation was carried out prior to dyeing 100% polyester fabrics through spray application (without the use of water) at various durations and with different gas flow rates. The ozonated fabrics were dyed with Dianix Dry XF2 Rubine (disperse dye) in conventional and supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) medium. The main objective of the study is to investigate the colour efficiency of the ozone modified polyester fabric in waterless dyeing. Hydrophilicity, colour measurement, tensile strength, fastness tests, SEM analyses were performed on the samples. The results of dyeing the samples in a waterless medium after ozonation revealed higher colour strength (K/S) and better fastness test results with breaking strength values than conventionally dyed fabrics.","PeriodicalId":510201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innovative Engineering and Natural Science","volume":"181 S472","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140428615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eksenel alanlı kalıcı mıknatıslı senkron makineler yüksek güç yoğunluğu ve karmaşık yapısı olmasından dolayı elektrik sistemi içerisinde önemli avantajlar sunmaktadır ve bu nedenlerle birçok uygulama alanı bulunmaktadır. Senkron makine tasarım sürecinin özü, makine özelliklerinin hızlı, esnek ve doğru hesaplanmasına bağlıdır. Tahrik gereksinimlerini karşılamak ve doğrulamasını gerçekleştirebilmek için elektromanyetik tork analizinin yapılması gerekmektedir. Elektromanyetik tork analizi için birçok farklı yöntem kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, genetik algoritma optimizasyon teorisi kullanılarak, eksenel alanlı kalıcı mıknatıslı senkron makinenin optimal tasarımı ve analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Eksenel alanlı kalıcı mıknatıslı senkron makinenin optimal tasarımı için gerekli olan matematiksel model yapısı oluşturulmuştur. Eksenel alanlı kalıcı mıknatıslı senkron makine tasarımındaki kritik değerlerin belirlenmesine yönelik genetik algoritma optimizasyon yöntemi ile literatürde kullanılan farklı yöntemler birbirleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalardan elde edilen sonuçların birbirine yakın olması, makine tasarımındaki kritik değerlerin hesaplanmasında genetik algoritma optimizasyon yönteminin potansiyelini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışmadan elde edilen genetik algoritma optimizasyon sonuçları ile, eksenel alanlı kalıcı mıknatıslı senkron makinenin optimal tasarımında kullanılan kritik değerlerin daha kolay belirlenebileceği gösterilmiştir.
{"title":"Genetik Algoritma Metodu Kullanılarak Eksenel Alanlı Kalıcı Mıknatıslı Senkron Makinenin Optimal Tasarımı ve Analizi","authors":"N. Pamuk","doi":"10.61112/jiens.1392071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61112/jiens.1392071","url":null,"abstract":"Eksenel alanlı kalıcı mıknatıslı senkron makineler yüksek güç yoğunluğu ve karmaşık yapısı olmasından dolayı elektrik sistemi içerisinde önemli avantajlar sunmaktadır ve bu nedenlerle birçok uygulama alanı bulunmaktadır. Senkron makine tasarım sürecinin özü, makine özelliklerinin hızlı, esnek ve doğru hesaplanmasına bağlıdır. Tahrik gereksinimlerini karşılamak ve doğrulamasını gerçekleştirebilmek için elektromanyetik tork analizinin yapılması gerekmektedir. Elektromanyetik tork analizi için birçok farklı yöntem kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, genetik algoritma optimizasyon teorisi kullanılarak, eksenel alanlı kalıcı mıknatıslı senkron makinenin optimal tasarımı ve analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Eksenel alanlı kalıcı mıknatıslı senkron makinenin optimal tasarımı için gerekli olan matematiksel model yapısı oluşturulmuştur. Eksenel alanlı kalıcı mıknatıslı senkron makine tasarımındaki kritik değerlerin belirlenmesine yönelik genetik algoritma optimizasyon yöntemi ile literatürde kullanılan farklı yöntemler birbirleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalardan elde edilen sonuçların birbirine yakın olması, makine tasarımındaki kritik değerlerin hesaplanmasında genetik algoritma optimizasyon yönteminin potansiyelini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışmadan elde edilen genetik algoritma optimizasyon sonuçları ile, eksenel alanlı kalıcı mıknatıslı senkron makinenin optimal tasarımında kullanılan kritik değerlerin daha kolay belirlenebileceği gösterilmiştir.","PeriodicalId":510201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innovative Engineering and Natural Science","volume":"30 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140434277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ayberk Baykal, O. A. Aksan, A. Oral, K. Bilge, N. Kizildag
As a technique that uses ultraviolet light to cure photo-polymers layer by layer with high spatial resolution and surface quality, stereolithography (SLA) allows for precise process control and optimization for various UV-curable polymers and their nanocomposites with various nanoparticles. In this study, UV-curable polymer nanocomposites were prepared with the addition of different contents of silver nitrate via SLA technique for use in antibacterial applications. In-situ synthesis of AgNPs was achieved during the SLA process without any additional treatments. The effect of AgNO3 addition on the curing of the resin and the mechanical properties of the nanocomposite specimens were investigated. To understand the fracture mechanism of the nanocomposite samples, the fractured surfaces of the samples were evaluated by SEM, and the AgNO3 content of the nanocomposite was evaluated by EDX. The nanocomposites containing 0.3 wt. % AgNO3 exhibited improved mechanical properties. Further increasing the AgNO3 content to 3 wt. % led to deterioration in the physical and mechanical properties of the polymer nanocomposites.
{"title":"One-step preparation of silver nanoparticle containing polymer nanocomposites via stereolithography technique","authors":"Ayberk Baykal, O. A. Aksan, A. Oral, K. Bilge, N. Kizildag","doi":"10.61112/jiens.1396859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61112/jiens.1396859","url":null,"abstract":"As a technique that uses ultraviolet light to cure photo-polymers layer by layer with high spatial resolution and surface quality, stereolithography (SLA) allows for precise process control and optimization for various UV-curable polymers and their nanocomposites with various nanoparticles. In this study, UV-curable polymer nanocomposites were prepared with the addition of different contents of silver nitrate via SLA technique for use in antibacterial applications. In-situ synthesis of AgNPs was achieved during the SLA process without any additional treatments. The effect of AgNO3 addition on the curing of the resin and the mechanical properties of the nanocomposite specimens were investigated. To understand the fracture mechanism of the nanocomposite samples, the fractured surfaces of the samples were evaluated by SEM, and the AgNO3 content of the nanocomposite was evaluated by EDX. The nanocomposites containing 0.3 wt. % AgNO3 exhibited improved mechanical properties. Further increasing the AgNO3 content to 3 wt. % led to deterioration in the physical and mechanical properties of the polymer nanocomposites.","PeriodicalId":510201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innovative Engineering and Natural Science","volume":"201 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140447194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rumeysa Yildirim, Hürol Koçoğlu, Merve Ün, Muhammad SAEED ULLAH, İpek Yakar, Guralp Ozkoc, Olcay Mert, Mehmet Kodal
Polyamide 6 (PA6) is one of the used engineering thermoplastics with the advantages of high resistance to chemicals and abrasion, high fatigue resistance and toughness. However, it has some disadvantages such as low impact strength and notch sensitivity. The blend of PA6 with elastomers can mitigate these shortcomings. Lately, thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) have been frequently used to toughen notch-sensitive polymers such as PA6 due to their outstanding properties such as high elasticity, recyclability, and easy processing. As it is known, obtaining superior properties in polymer blends relies on the interfacial interaction between the components of the blend. Additionally, by using compatibilizers, blends with the required properties can be created by enhancing interaction between phases, or interfacial adhesion. Recently, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanoparticles, organic/inorganic hybrid nanoparticles, are preferred as an alternative compatibilizer to conventional types. In this study, PA6/TPE blends were compatibilized with POSS nanoparticle with single epoxy group (MoEpPOSS). The morphological and rheological properties of PA6/TPE blends compatibilized with MoEpPOSS nanoparticle were investigated. Also, possible chemical interactions between PA6 and/or TPE and MoEpPOSS nanoparticle were determined via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses.
{"title":"MoEpPOSS nanotaneciğinin PA6/TPE karışımlarının morfolojik ve reolojik özelliklerine etkisinin incelenmesi","authors":"Rumeysa Yildirim, Hürol Koçoğlu, Merve Ün, Muhammad SAEED ULLAH, İpek Yakar, Guralp Ozkoc, Olcay Mert, Mehmet Kodal","doi":"10.61112/jiens.1405425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61112/jiens.1405425","url":null,"abstract":"Polyamide 6 (PA6) is one of the used engineering thermoplastics with the advantages of high resistance to chemicals and abrasion, high fatigue resistance and toughness. However, it has some disadvantages such as low impact strength and notch sensitivity. The blend of PA6 with elastomers can mitigate these shortcomings. Lately, thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) have been frequently used to toughen notch-sensitive polymers such as PA6 due to their outstanding properties such as high elasticity, recyclability, and easy processing. As it is known, obtaining superior properties in polymer blends relies on the interfacial interaction between the components of the blend. Additionally, by using compatibilizers, blends with the required properties can be created by enhancing interaction between phases, or interfacial adhesion. Recently, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanoparticles, organic/inorganic hybrid nanoparticles, are preferred as an alternative compatibilizer to conventional types. In this study, PA6/TPE blends were compatibilized with POSS nanoparticle with single epoxy group (MoEpPOSS). The morphological and rheological properties of PA6/TPE blends compatibilized with MoEpPOSS nanoparticle were investigated. Also, possible chemical interactions between PA6 and/or TPE and MoEpPOSS nanoparticle were determined via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses.","PeriodicalId":510201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innovative Engineering and Natural Science","volume":"79 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140454823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Besides high-water consumption in the textile industry, color, quantity, and variety of chemicals in discharged wastewater draws attention both in terms of environmental and economic aspects. Therefore, efficient, and reliable treatment techniques are needed. In this context, coagulation is a very important step in the treatment of wastewater. In this study, water recovery from textile wastewater taken from different discharge points was investigated by using coagulation and filtration methods. Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3.6H2O) was used as a coagulant. The optimum conditions were determined by studying the effect of different coagulant dosages and pH values. The filtration process was performed using 12-25 µm and
{"title":"Reusability of pre-treatment water obtained via textile wastewater by coagulation and filtration methods in reactive and disperse dyeing","authors":"H. Turgut","doi":"10.61112/jiens.1367185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61112/jiens.1367185","url":null,"abstract":"Besides high-water consumption in the textile industry, color, quantity, and variety of chemicals in discharged wastewater draws attention both in terms of environmental and economic aspects. Therefore, efficient, and reliable treatment techniques are needed. In this context, coagulation is a very important step in the treatment of wastewater. In this study, water recovery from textile wastewater taken from different discharge points was investigated by using coagulation and filtration methods. Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3.6H2O) was used as a coagulant. The optimum conditions were determined by studying the effect of different coagulant dosages and pH values. The filtration process was performed using 12-25 µm and","PeriodicalId":510201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innovative Engineering and Natural Science","volume":"52 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140494092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Particulate matter (PM) must be removed from the air because it is a serious threat to human health. Micro and/or nanoporous nonwoven fabrics are commonly used to filter these particles. In our study, the filtration performances of nanofibrous mats, which were obtained by combining fibers produced by two different production methods in a layered and bimodal manner, were evaluated. Fibrous layers produced by the meltblown (MB) method were obtained with similar fiber diameters and different thicknesses by different feeding speeds. Bimodal structures obtained by adding fibers with an average diameter of 225 nanometers produced by the solution blowing (SB) method into fibers with an average diameter of around 800 nm obtained at 1, 5 and 10 rpm screw rotating/feeding speeds had higher filtration performance than the samples without SB nanofibers. Then, among the 4 samples with an average basis weight of 15 gsm, the sample MB only without (electro-blown nanofiber); the EB sample contains only EB nanofibers; the sample (L) containing 4 gsm EB nanofibers and the 4-layer sample (4L) containing 4 gsm EB nanofibers (138 nm) were compared. The 4L sample had the highest quality factor (0.0353) with a filtration efficiency of %96.01 and a pressure drop of 135 Pa. Although the filtration efficiency increased in all samples with the subsequent corona treatment, the highest value (99.34%) was obtained from the 4L sample.
{"title":"Katmanlı ve bimodal nanolifli yapılarla filtrasyon performansının artırılması","authors":"Ali Toptaş, Ali Kiliç, Ali Demi̇r","doi":"10.61112/jiens.1395682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61112/jiens.1395682","url":null,"abstract":"Particulate matter (PM) must be removed from the air because it is a serious threat to human health. Micro and/or nanoporous nonwoven fabrics are commonly used to filter these particles. In our study, the filtration performances of nanofibrous mats, which were obtained by combining fibers produced by two different production methods in a layered and bimodal manner, were evaluated. Fibrous layers produced by the meltblown (MB) method were obtained with similar fiber diameters and different thicknesses by different feeding speeds. Bimodal structures obtained by adding fibers with an average diameter of 225 nanometers produced by the solution blowing (SB) method into fibers with an average diameter of around 800 nm obtained at 1, 5 and 10 rpm screw rotating/feeding speeds had higher filtration performance than the samples without SB nanofibers. Then, among the 4 samples with an average basis weight of 15 gsm, the sample MB only without (electro-blown nanofiber); the EB sample contains only EB nanofibers; the sample (L) containing 4 gsm EB nanofibers and the 4-layer sample (4L) containing 4 gsm EB nanofibers (138 nm) were compared. The 4L sample had the highest quality factor (0.0353) with a filtration efficiency of %96.01 and a pressure drop of 135 Pa. Although the filtration efficiency increased in all samples with the subsequent corona treatment, the highest value (99.34%) was obtained from the 4L sample.","PeriodicalId":510201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innovative Engineering and Natural Science","volume":"6 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139439568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An insignificant number of rigorous studies have been devoted to the development of analytical procedures that determine the optimal cross-section dimensions of rectangular hollow section (RHS) members subjected to oblique bending, albeit their ubiquity in numerous application fields. In response to this, an analytical procedure has been developed based on the concept of minimizing maximum effective stress in the RHS caused by an applied oblique bending moment, in order to reduce material costs without compromising strength requirements. The RHS members addressed in this study have been assumed to be produced by hollowing out rectangular solid sections at different cross-section area extraction ratios; therefore, only the wall thicknesses of the RHS members have been taken into consideration as design variables. The minimization of maximum effective stress has been achieved by establishing a functional correlation between the cross-section design variables. The proposed procedure allows specifying the optimal cross-sectional dimensions for given different cross-section area extraction ratios and bringing cost-effective use of materials. After the subtle mathematical calculations, the derived analytical expressions have been made available to practical engineering in simple math forms for use in real design applications. The analytical procedure has been validated against numerical results which have been extracted from finite element analyses carried out in Abaqus engineering software.
{"title":"Determination of Optimal Cross-Section Dimensions of Rectangular Hollow Sections Under Oblique Bending: Analytical and Numerical Study.","authors":"Mirali Nurali̇yev, M. Dundar","doi":"10.61112/jiens.1383887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61112/jiens.1383887","url":null,"abstract":"An insignificant number of rigorous studies have been devoted to the development of analytical procedures that determine the optimal cross-section dimensions of rectangular hollow section (RHS) members subjected to oblique bending, albeit their ubiquity in numerous application fields. In response to this, an analytical procedure has been developed based on the concept of minimizing maximum effective stress in the RHS caused by an applied oblique bending moment, in order to reduce material costs without compromising strength requirements. The RHS members addressed in this study have been assumed to be produced by hollowing out rectangular solid sections at different cross-section area extraction ratios; therefore, only the wall thicknesses of the RHS members have been taken into consideration as design variables. The minimization of maximum effective stress has been achieved by establishing a functional correlation between the cross-section design variables. The proposed procedure allows specifying the optimal cross-sectional dimensions for given different cross-section area extraction ratios and bringing cost-effective use of materials. After the subtle mathematical calculations, the derived analytical expressions have been made available to practical engineering in simple math forms for use in real design applications. The analytical procedure has been validated against numerical results which have been extracted from finite element analyses carried out in Abaqus engineering software.","PeriodicalId":510201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Innovative Engineering and Natural Science","volume":"14 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139439229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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