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Effect of wind variability on the recruitment of anchovy Engraulis ringens in the southern Humboldt upwelling ecosystem 风力变化对洪堡特南部上升流生态系统中 Engraulis ringens 鳀鱼繁殖的影响
IF 1.9 2区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.1111/fog.12677
Marcos Arteaga, Sebastián I. Vásquez, Sergio Neira, Luis Cubillos

Recruitment is a critical process in the dynamics of fish populations since it represents the abundance of new fish that enter a population each year. In Ekman-type upwelling ecosystems, wind is a critical factor for small pelagic fish recruitment, as it controls food availability and physical constraints such as turbulence and offshore advection. In this study, we evaluate the effect of wind, chlorophyll-a, and spawning biomass as independent variables on anchovy recruitment. Using generalized additive models (GAMs), we tested (i) the significance of each factor, (ii) the shape of the relationship between recruitment and predictors variables, (iii) recruitment regimes in the series, and (iv) whether extended windy events are associated with low recruitment levels potentially related to offshore transport of early life stages. The study period spanned from 1990 to 2021, focusing on the austral spring in south-central Chile (35–40°S) when both upwelling and anchovy spawning are maximized. GAMs revealed a parabolic relationship between the velocity of upwelling-favorable winds and anchovy recruitment. Maximized recruitment occurred at wind speeds around 6 m s−1 but decreased with winds above 7 m s−1 and below 5 m s−1, and during periods of extended windy events (i.e., those lasting more than 15 days). Chlorophyll-a showed no significance on anchovy recruitment, suggesting that phytoplankton were not a limiting factor for anchovy early survival. We also found that anchovy recruitment regimes were associated with specific wind intensities. We discussed the pertinence of incorporating a recruitment index based on wind in the fishery management of the anchovy in south-central Chile.

繁殖是鱼类种群动态的一个关键过程,因为它代表了每年进入种群的新鱼类的数量。在埃克曼型上升流生态系统中,风是小型中上层鱼类繁殖的关键因素,因为它控制着食物的供应以及湍流和离岸平流等物理限制。在本研究中,我们评估了风、叶绿素-a 和产卵生物量作为自变量对鯷鱼繁殖的影响。利用广义相加模型(GAMs),我们测试了(i)每个因子的显著性;(ii)招募与预测变量之间的关系;(iii)系列中的招募机制;(iv)长时间的大风事件是否与早期生命阶段离岸迁移可能导致的低招募水平有关。研究时间跨度为 1990 年至 2021 年,重点是智利中南部(35-40°S)的春季,此时上升流和鯷鱼产卵量都最大。GAMs 发现,上升流有利风速与鳀鱼繁殖之间存在抛物线关系。当风速在 6 米/秒-1 左右时,鳀鱼的繁殖量最大,但当风速高于 7 米/秒-1 和低于 5 米/秒-1 时,以及在大风持续时间较长(即持续 15 天以上)时,鳀鱼的繁殖量会减少。叶绿素-a 对鯷鱼繁殖没有显著影响,表明浮游植物不是鯷鱼早期生存的限制因素。我们还发现,鯷鱼的繁殖与特定的风力强度有关。我们讨论了在智利中南部凤尾鱼渔业管理中纳入基于风力的繁殖指数的相关性。
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引用次数: 0
Niche structure and habitat shifts for coastal sharks of the US Southeast Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico 美国东南大西洋和墨西哥湾沿海鲨鱼的生态位结构和生境变化
IF 1.9 2区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2024-05-18 DOI: 10.1111/fog.12676
Kaitlyn A. O'Brien, Enric Cortés, William B. Driggers III, Bryan S. Frazier, Robert J. Latour

Understanding spatial ecology and predicting animal movements in response to environmental changes, such as anthropogenic climate change and multidecadal variability, is critical for effective conservation strategies. Niche structuring is key to some coastal shark species and size classes coexisting in the US Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico to limit interspecific and intraspecific interaction. Data from four fishery-independent bottom longline surveys were used to evaluate the abiotic ecological niches of eight species of small and large coastal sharks. Gaussian mixture models separated length composition data into 14 size categories for ecological niche analysis. Generalized additive mixed effect models were fit and coupled with output from dynamic high-resolution ocean models to predict suitable abiotic habitats, evaluate potential shifts in distribution, and explore the impacts of large-scale climatological trends on abiotic habitats from 1994 to 2019. The abiotic niche for small coastal sharks generally tended toward warmer, high salinity, shallow bottom waters close to shore. No overarching niche was found for large coastal sharks, but appreciable ontogenetic differences were seen. Most taxa analyzed exhibited declining annual trends in higher quality habitats, particularly during fall months. The analysis provided evidence of shifts north along the Atlantic, to deeper offshore waters in the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico, and the potential to redistribute in response to multidecadal climate variability for multiple species. The analytical framework described could aid in developing various spatiotemporal management measures, and results provide insight into the habitat characteristics of several species over broad spatiotemporal ranges and through ontogeny.

了解空间生态学并预测动物在环境变化(如人为气候变化和十年多变性)下的运动,对于有效的保护战略至关重要。利基结构是美国大西洋和墨西哥湾一些沿海鲨鱼物种和大小等级共存的关键,它限制了种间和种内的相互作用。四次独立于渔业的底层延绳钓调查数据被用来评估八种小型和大型沿海鲨鱼的非生物生态位。高斯混合模型将长度组成数据分为 14 个大小类别,用于生态位分析。通过拟合广义加性混合效应模型,并结合动态高分辨率海洋模型的输出结果,预测适宜的非生物栖息地,评估潜在的分布变化,并探讨 1994 年至 2019 年大规模气候趋势对非生物栖息地的影响。小型沿岸鲨鱼的非生物栖息地一般倾向于较温暖、高盐度、靠近海岸的浅底水域。大型沿岸鲨鱼没有发现总体生态位,但出现了明显的个体发育差异。大多数被分析的分类群在质量较高的栖息地呈逐年下降趋势,尤其是在秋季。该分析提供了沿大西洋向北转移的证据,即向大西洋和墨西哥湾更深的近海水域转移,并有可能使多个物种随着多年代气候变异而重新分布。所描述的分析框架有助于制定各种时空管理措施,分析结果使人们深入了解了多个物种在广泛时空范围内和整个发育过程中的栖息地特征。
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引用次数: 0
Interspecific and intraspecific difference in egg size of two mackerel (Scomber spp.) species in relation to sea surface temperature in the western North Pacific: A new approach to species identification 北太平洋西部两种鲭鱼卵大小的种间和种内差异与海面温度的关系:物种鉴定的新方法
IF 1.9 2区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1111/fog.12675
Mikio Watai, Tohya Yasuda, Junji Kinoshita, Mitsuo Nyuji, Satoshi Nagai, Akinori Takasuka, Michio Yoneda

Chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus, Scombridae) and blue mackerel (Scomber australasicus) are two important fishery resources in the western North Pacific that spawn eggs during the same season. Although estimating the total egg production (TEP) is important for evaluating the spawning stock biomass of mackerel species, it is difficult to accurately identify formalin-preserved eggs collected during ichthyoplankton surveys. Hence, a new identification criterion that incorporates the effects of water temperature on egg size was developed in this study. The diameter of 37,304 mackerel eggs collected over 16 years (2006–2021) was measured, and frequency distributions of egg size across sea surface temperature (SST) ranges at 1°C interval were constructed. The frequency distributions were classified into two groups using a Gaussian mixture model; based on the results of DNA analysis, the small group was chub mackerel, while the large group was blue mackerel. The SST at the sampling stations and the mean egg size of both groups were negatively correlated. The new identification criterion, incorporating the relationship between SST and egg size, provided reasonable estimates of the TEP of the two mackerel species compared with the conventional criterion. The new species identification approach is applicable to other fish taxa in the western North Pacific.

鲐鱼(Scomber japonicus, Scombridae)和蓝鲭鱼(Scomber australasicus)是北太平洋西部两种重要的渔业资源,它们在同一季节产卵。尽管估算总产卵量(TEP)对评估鲭鱼产卵种群生物量很重要,但很难准确识别鱼类浮游生物调查中收集的福尔马林保存卵。因此,本研究开发了一种新的识别标准,将水温对卵大小的影响考虑在内。测量了在 16 年(2006-2021 年)中收集的 37,304 枚鲭鱼卵的直径,并构建了不同海面温度(SST)范围、间隔为 1°C 的卵大小频率分布。利用高斯混合模型将频率分布分为两组;根据 DNA 分析结果,小组为鲐鱼,大组为蓝鲭鱼。采样站的 SST 与两组的平均卵大小呈负相关。与传统标准相比,新的识别标准结合了海温和鱼卵大小之间的关系,对两个鲭鱼鱼种的总保护率做出了合理的估计。新的物种识别方法适用于北太平洋西部的其他鱼类类群。
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引用次数: 0
Analyzing fishery data and exploring the resource status of Antarctic krill based on its environmental dependence 根据南极磷虾的环境依赖性分析渔业数据并探索其资源状况
IF 1.9 2区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2024-03-29 DOI: 10.1111/fog.12674
Rui Wang, Shigang Liu, Ran Zhang, Hai Li, Puqing Song, Yuan Li, Longshan Lin

Antarctic krill Euphausia superba is a key species in the Southern Ocean ecosystem and has important ecological value. It is also one of the main fishery resources in the Southern Ocean with high economic value. In recent years, with the development of krill fishery and rapid climate change, the conservation and management of krill resources have faced unprecedented challenges. The krill resource is different from the general fishery resources. Due to the krill schooling characteristics, fishery data has some advantages over scientific survey data. Reviewing and analyzing the krill fishery data is necessary. Therefore, in this study, four fishery resource indices (FRIs) were calculated based on Antarctic krill fishery data, and based on the environmental dependence of Antarctic krill, the FRI with the strongest environmental dependence was screened by using the Gradient Forest Model, and the step changes of the FRI with strongest environmental dependence was examined by using the sequential t-test analyses of regime shifts (STARS). The generalized additive model (GAM) to analyze the correlation between the FRI with the strongest environmental dependence and the main environmental factors, and then explore the resource status of Antarctic krill in the study area. The model results showed that the “FRI_hual” had the strongest environmental dependence and was a better indicator of the status of the Antarctic krill in the study area than the others. In the 2009–2010 year, “FRI_hual” had an obvious regime shift. The interaction of environmental factors “ice_area_2” and “SSH_1” has a great impact on “FRI_hual”. Methods used and results obtained in the study can provide new ideas and a scientific reference for future work, including integrated stock assessment of krill and krill resource monitoring, conservation, and management based on the ecosystem.

南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)是南大洋生态系统中的关键物种,具有重要的生态价值。它也是南大洋的主要渔业资源之一,具有很高的经济价值。近年来,随着磷虾渔业的发展和气候变化的加快,磷虾资源的保护和管理面临着前所未有的挑战。磷虾资源不同于一般的渔业资源。由于磷虾的游动特性,渔业数据与科学调查数据相比具有一定的优势。对磷虾渔业数据进行回顾和分析很有必要。因此,本研究基于南极磷虾渔业数据计算了四个渔业资源指数(FRI),并根据南极磷虾的环境依赖性,利用梯度森林模型筛选出环境依赖性最强的渔业资源指数,利用制度变迁的连续 t 检验分析(STARS)检验了环境依赖性最强的渔业资源指数的阶跃变化。利用广义加法模型(GAM)分析环境依赖性最强的 FRI 与主要环境因子的相关性,进而探讨研究区南极磷虾的资源状况。模型结果表明,"FRI_hual "的环境依赖性最强,与其他指标相比更能反映研究区南极磷虾的资源状况。在 2009-2010 年,"FRI_hual "出现了明显的制度转变。环境因素 "冰区_2 "和 "SSH_1 "的相互作用对 "FRI_hual "有很大影响。该研究采用的方法和取得的结果可为今后基于生态系统的磷虾综合种群评估和磷虾资源监测、保护和管理等工作提供新的思路和科学参考。
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引用次数: 0
Mesoscale mosaics of interannual variations in surface temperature, chlorophyll a concentration, and their relation in a coastal fishing ground 沿海渔场地表温度、叶绿素 a 浓度年际变化及其关系的中尺度镶嵌图
IF 1.9 2区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1111/fog.12673
Mitsuhide Sato, Takaki Tsubono, Jun Yamaguchi, Shigenobu Takeda

To test the potential of high-resolution satellite image analysis for assessing and predicting the mesoscale (<10 km in this study) effects of climate and environmental change on temperature and primary productivity in fishing grounds, we conducted satellite image analysis around an island in a coastal strait west of Japan from 2018 to 2023. We observed a distinct north–south gradient in sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll a concentration (CHL) over approximately 20 km of the transect, which was likely affected by the current system. The model configuration suggests that the frequency of southward currents during winter–spring can control the magnitude of spring phytoplankton blooms. In the study region, an increase in SST at a rate of 0.06–0.13°C y−1 occurred during the study period, accompanied by a decrease in CHL. The north–south gradient in the rate of change suggests that the variation in the temperature and flow rate of the Kuroshio Current into the study area was due to these abrupt changes. The relationship between the annual mean SST and CHL was also spatially heterogeneous, showing a higher sensitivity of CHL to SST in the southwest of the island than in the north. In addition to the intrusion of warm and oligotrophic Kuroshio waters, the spread of less saline and more eutrophic coastal waters likely influenced this spatial heterogeneity. The satellite image analysis in the present study successfully revealed mesoscale mosaics of environmental conditions in coastal fishery grounds.

为了测试高分辨率卫星图像分析在评估和预测气候与环境变化对渔场温度和初级生产力的中尺度(本研究中为 10 公里)影响方面的潜力,我们从 2018 年到 2023 年在日本西部沿海海峡的一个岛屿周围进行了卫星图像分析。我们在约 20 千米的横断面上观测到了明显的海面温度(SST)和叶绿素 a 浓度(CHL)的南北梯度,这很可能是受海流系统的影响。模型配置表明,冬春季节南下洋流的频率可控制春季浮游植物大量繁殖的程度。在研究期间,研究区域的 SST 以 0.06-0.13°C y-1 的速率上升,同时 CHL 下降。变化率的南北梯度表明,进入研究区域的黑潮温度和流速的变化是由这些突变造成的。年平均海温与 CHL 之间的关系在空间上也存在差异,表明该岛西南部 CHL 对海温的敏感性高于北部。除了黑潮暖流和低营养水体的侵入外,盐度较低和富营养化程度较高的沿岸水体的扩散也可能影响了这种空间异质性。本研究的卫星图像分析成功地揭示了沿岸渔场环境条件的中尺度马赛克。
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引用次数: 0
Neural network approach for detecting spatial changes in catch probability of Engraulis ringens during El Niño-Southern Oscillation events in northern Chile 用神经网络方法检测智利北部厄尔尼诺-南方涛动事件期间 Engraulis ringens 捕获概率的空间变化
IF 2.6 2区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2024-03-03 DOI: 10.1111/fog.12672
Elier Armas, Hugo Arancibia, Sergio Neira, María Carla Marín

Engraulis ringens (anchovy) is a small pelagic fish of the Family Engraulidae that inhabits the neretic-coastal zone from northern Peru to south-central Chile. It is the main resource species of industrial fishing of northern Chile, representing 80% of the annual landings of the purse seine fleet. The history of this fishery (1985–2023) shows a strong decrease in annual industrial landings, especially during extreme El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. The greatest decrease in landings in two decades occurred in 2020, coinciding with a cold La Niña event, which had not been observed in previous La Niña events. We evaluated whether the current decrease in annual landings of E. ringens is associated with oceanographic changes in northern Chile during El Niño or La Niña events. We applied a neuronal network model to identify the spatial and temporal distribution of E. ringens using the catch probability of each boat of the industrial purse seine fleet. The selected oceanographic variables (sea surface temperature, salinity, depth of the mixed layer, sea height and currents) for the 2003–2020 period were obtained from the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS program) and used as predictor variables of the monthly landings of E. ringens. The neural network model explained 97% of the monthly variability of catch probability of E. ringens by the industrial purse seine fleet. The spatial distribution of catch probability of E. ringens was analyzed independently for El Niño (2015), La Niña (2007, 2013, and 2020), and Neutral (2004) years. We found that catch probability extended further west during La Niña events (except for 2020), occupying a greater area, but were limited to a 10 nautical mile coastal strip during the El Niño event. The spatial distribution of catch probability in the Neutral condition was near the coast, although not as restricted as during the El Niño event. The higher catch probabilities in the La Niña event of 2020 were near the coast, in contrast to the previous La Niña events of 2007 and 2013, due to the restriction of the optimal habitat of E. ringens in response to changes in oceanographic conditions. The application of the results of this study will allow understanding and probably anticipating the consequences that extreme ENSO events could have on the catch probability of the industrial anchovy purse seine fleet in northern Chile.

Engraulis ringens(凤尾鱼)是一种小型中上层鱼类,属于 Engraulidae 科,栖息于秘鲁北部至智利中南部的近海沿海地区。它是智利北部工业化捕捞的主要资源品种,占围网船队年上岸量的 80%。该渔业的历史(1985-2023 年)显示,年工业上岸量大幅下降,尤其是在厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)极端事件期间。2020 年上岸量出现了 20 年来的最大降幅,当时正值寒冷的拉尼娜事件,而在之前的拉尼娜事件中并未观察到这一现象。我们评估了目前每年 E. ringens 上岸量的减少是否与厄尔尼诺或拉尼娜事件期间智利北部海洋变化有关。我们采用神经元网络模型,利用工业围网船队每艘船的捕获概率来确定 E. ringens 的时空分布。我们从哥白尼海洋环境监测服务(CMEMS 计划)中获取了 2003-2020 年期间选定的海洋变量(海面温度、盐度、混合层深度、海平面高度和海流),并将其用作 E. ringens 月上岸量的预测变量。神经网络模型解释了工业围网船队捕获 E. ringens 的月度变化概率的 97%。对厄尔尼诺年(2015 年)、拉尼娜年(2007 年、2013 年和 2020 年)和中性年(2004 年)E. ringens 捕获概率的空间分布进行了独立分析。我们发现,在拉尼娜事件期间(2020 年除外),捕获概率进一步向西扩展,占据了更大的区域,但在厄尔尼诺事件期间,捕获概率仅限于 10 海里的沿海地带。在中性条件下,捕获概率的空间分布靠近海岸,但不像厄尔尼诺事件期间那样受到限制。与 2007 年和 2013 年的拉尼娜事件不同,2020 年的拉尼娜事件中较高的捕获概率出现在海岸附近,这是因为 E. ringens 的最佳栖息地因海洋条件的变化而受到限制。应用该研究结果将有助于了解并预测极端厄尔尼诺/南方涛动事件可能对智利北部工业化围网捕捞凤尾鱼船队的捕获概率造成的后果。
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引用次数: 0
Feeding ecology of two reef-associated snappers (Lutjanus fulviflamma and L. fulvus): Influence of lunar phase on feeding activity 两种与珊瑚礁有关的笛鲷(Lutjanus fulviflamma 和 L. fulvus)的摄食生态学:月相对摄食活动的影响
IF 2.6 2区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.1111/fog.12670
Tamaki Shimose

The lunar phase is known to influence the spawning activity of some Lutjanus snappers, however, information on its influence on feeding activity is limited. In the present study, diet, feeding habit, and lunar periodicity of feeding activity on two reef-associated sympatric snappers, blackspot snapper Lutjanus fulviflamma (n = 339) and blacktail snapper L. fulvus (n = 172), were investigated by stomach content analyses in the Yaeyama region (24°N, 124°E), southern Japan. Diets of the two snappers were similar and mainly consumed fishes, crabs, and shrimps. Relative volume of the stomach contents to body weight was compared by season, lunar day, and predator size using a generalized linear model. Larger individuals fed on larger fish prey and tended to show higher stomach fullness for both snappers. Periodic regression revealed that the lunar periodicity of the feeding activity is different between the two Lutjanus snappers. The feeding activity of L. fulviflamma increased around the spring tides of both new and full moons during a single lunar cycle. On the other hand, the feeding activity of L. fulvus increased only before the new moon but decreased before the full moon. Spawning of L. fulvus is known to occur only around the full moon, and enlarged gonads are considered to suppress the feeding activity of the species. Individuals with much stomach contents did not have large gonads for both snappers, and this supports the above supposition. Spawning and feeding activities are closely linked and simultaneous temporal analysis will enable a clearer understanding of the ecological role of these predators.

已知月相会影响一些笛鲷的产卵活动,但有关月相对摄食活动的影响的信息却很有限。本研究在日本南部八重山地区(北纬 24°,东经 124°)通过胃内容物分析调查了两种与珊瑚礁相关的同域笛鲷--黑点笛鲷 Lutjanus fulviflamma(n = 339)和黑尾笛鲷 L. fulvus(n = 172)的饮食、摄食习性和摄食活动的月相周期。两种笛鲷的食物相似,主要食用鱼、蟹和虾。利用广义线性模型比较了不同季节、阴历日和捕食者大小的胃内容物相对于体重的体积。对两种甲鱼而言,体型较大的个体捕食较大的鱼类猎物,胃的饱满度往往较高。周期回归显示,两种笛鲷的摄食活动的月周期是不同的。在一个农历周期内,笛鲷的摄食活动在新月和满月的春潮前后都有所增加。另一方面,黄颡鱼的摄食活动只在新月之前增加,而在满月之前减少。众所周知,黄颡鱼只在满月前后产卵,增大的性腺被认为会抑制该物种的摄食活动。在两种甲鱼中,胃内容物较多的个体性腺都不大,这支持了上述推测。产卵和觅食活动密切相关,同时进行时间分析将有助于更清楚地了解这些捕食者的生态作用。
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引用次数: 0
Distribution and stable isotope ratio characteristics of Japanese eel leptocephali in relation to hydrographic structure of their Pacific Ocean spawning area 与太平洋产卵区水文结构有关的日本鳗鲡的分布和稳定同位素比值特征
IF 2.6 2区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.1111/fog.12671
Shingo Kimura, Sachie Miyazaki, Hiroaki Onda, Takashi Kitagawa, Yoichi Miyake, Michael J. Miller, Katsumi Tsukamoto

To understand the larval distribution, size variation, and stable isotope ratios of Japanese eel leptocephali in relation to the salinity front and their feeding ecology, larvae from 7 research cruises (2002–2013) in the North Equatorial Current (NEC) spawning area were examined. The smallest early-stage larvae were distributed south of or near the salinity front, confirming that the salinity front is an important oceanic feature to understand spawning locations of the Japanese eel. Larger size larvae tended to distribute into higher latitudes. Transport to northern latitudes with their growth would facilitate transport into the Kuroshio region, but retention in the Subtropical Countercurrent (STCC) might be detrimental. Preleptocephalus isotope ratios reflected maternal ratios, but feeding-stage leptocephali (8–56 mm) tended to have higher ∂15N values at lower latitudes typically in areas south of a salinity front. Feeding larvae quickly assimilate isotope ratios from the NEC after spawning and early growth. Large differences of ∂13C values of larvae between the NEC and STCC might vary with spatial baselines in the two currents. However, diel vertical migrations should be considered, because the isotope ratios in particulate organic matter distinctly depend on the depth. Comparisons among Japanese eel larvae and other taxa of leptocephali in the NEC illustrate the need for further studies on the trophic ecology of leptocephali.

为了了解日本鳗七鳃鳗的幼体分布、大小变化和稳定同位素比值与盐度前沿及其觅食生态的关系,研究人员考察了在北赤道流产卵区进行的 7 次研究考察(2002-2013 年)的幼体。最小的早期幼体分布在盐度锋以南或附近,证实盐度锋是了解日本鳗产卵地点的重要海洋特征。体型较大的幼体往往分布在较高纬度地区。随着幼体的生长而向北纬度迁移将有助于向黑潮地区迁移,但在亚热带逆流(STCC)中的滞留可能是有害的。幼体前同位素比值反映了母体比值,但摄食期幼体(8-56 毫米)在低纬度地区的∂15N 值往往较高,这些地区通常位于盐度前线以南。摄食幼体在产卵和早期生长后会迅速吸收来自 NEC 的同位素比值。NEC 和 STCC 之间幼体 ∂13C 值的巨大差异可能会随着两个水流空间基线的变化而变化。然而,由于颗粒有机物中的同位素比值明显取决于深度,因此应考虑昼夜垂直洄游。通过比较日本鳗鲡幼体和北大西洋鳕鱼群中的其它鳞翅目类群,说明有必要对鳞翅目类群的营养生态学进行进一步研究。
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引用次数: 0
A warming western boundary current increases the prevalence of commercially disruptive parasites in broadbill swordfish 变暖的西部边界流增加了宽吻箭鱼中具有商业破坏性的寄生虫的流行率
IF 2.6 2区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1111/fog.12669
Jessica A. Bolin, Karen Evans, David S. Schoeman, Claire M. Spillman, Thomas S. Moore II, Jason R. Hartog, Scott F. Cummins, Kylie L. Scales

Meat quality is of paramount importance in the fisheries and aquaculture industries, but the quality of seafood can be affected by environmental variability and change, creating uncertainties in the delivery of consistent, high-end product. Reports from fishers operating in an Australian fishery catching broadbill swordfish (Xiphias gladius) suggest that anomalously warm waters are linked with myoliquefaction of muscle tissue. The condition affects the marketability of fish by turning the meat into a soft, mushy texture post-mortem and is caused by infection by the myxozoan parasite Kudoa musculoliquefaciens. Here, we combine microscopy, molecular techniques and ecological modelling to explore potential environmental drivers of the prevalence and intensity of K. musculoliquefaciens in swordfish, as a first step in understanding how a warming ocean might exacerbate the risk of harvesting an infected swordfish and the resultant potential risk of myoliquefaction. We develop predictive dynamic risk surfaces on seasonal timescales, with results revealing both the likelihood of harvesting an infected swordfish and the intensity of parasite load increase during the Austral summer. The prevalence of the parasite further increases in the region dominated by the East Australian Current, when locally warm areas are atypically cool and when average monthly temperatures are more variable. These findings provide information useful in predicting the conditions under which the risk of harvesting infected swordfish might be intensified, enabling adaptation to climate change impacts and optimisation of decision-making when fishing under risky conditions.

肉质对渔业和水产养殖业至关重要,但海产品的质量可能会受到环境变化的影响,从而给提供稳定的高端产品带来不确定性。在澳大利亚捕捞宽吻剑鱼(Xiphias gladius)的渔民的报告表明,异常温暖的水域与肌肉组织的肌溶解有关。这种情况会使鱼死后肉质变软,影响鱼的销路,是由肌寄生虫 Kudoa musculoliquefaciens 感染引起的。在这里,我们将显微镜、分子技术和生态建模结合起来,探索箭鱼中 K. musculoliquefaciens 感染率和强度的潜在环境驱动因素,以此作为了解海洋变暖如何加剧捕捞受感染箭鱼的风险以及由此产生的肌溶解潜在风险的第一步。我们开发了以季节为时间尺度的预测性动态风险曲面,结果显示,在澳大拉西亚夏季,捕获受感染箭鱼的可能性和寄生虫负荷的强度都会增加。在东澳大利亚洋流主导的区域,寄生虫的流行率进一步上升,此时局部温暖地区异常凉爽,月平均气温变化较大。这些发现提供了有用的信息,有助于预测在何种条件下捕捞受感染箭鱼的风险可能会增加,从而适应气候变化的影响,并优化在风险条件下捕捞时的决策。
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引用次数: 0
Dietary metabarcoding of keystone sardine species reveals the importance of their ichthyoplankton prey in food webs of the Southern Brazilian Bight fisheries 关键沙丁鱼物种的膳食代谢编码揭示了其鱼类浮游生物猎物在巴西南部海湾渔业食物网中的重要性
IF 2.6 2区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.1111/fog.12668
Anna Karolina Oliveira de Queiroz, Maria A. Gasalla, Marcele Laux, Renato Renison Moreira Oliveira, Fabricio dos Anjos Santa Rosa, Audun Schrøder-Nielsen, Felippe A. Postuma, João Bráullio de Luna Sales, Hugo J. de Boer, Quentin Mauvisseau, Jonathan Stuart Ready

Clupeiform fishes are ecologically and economically important species contributing to industrial and artisanal fisheries worldwide. They represent key links in food webs, influencing the dynamic between trophic levels. The dietary interactions of these species are poorly studied in many regions, yet essential for fisheries management. To elucidate the role of these species in food webs of the Southern Brazilian Bight pelagic fisheries, we used metabarcoding analysis of fish stomach contents of Clupeiformes and possible predators. Onboard sampling from March to September 2016 allowed for processing of 87 stomach samples representing 31 species (including 12 samples representing three species of Clupeiformes). Links between trophic levels showed the predominance of Sardinella brasiliensis and Engraulis anchoita as important dietary items of a large range of fishes (28 species belonging to 18 families) and representing the majority of the total prey read abundance assigned to clupeiform fishes (~46% and ~32%, respectively). Opisthonema oglinum contributed to the diet of 16 species in 13 families and ~18% of total read abundance of clupeiform fishes as prey. The appearance of multiple clupeiform taxa in the diet of predators that are not commonly associated with pelagic prey indicates that ecosystem-based fisheries management should not be separated between pelagic and demersal fisheries. The diet of Clupeiformes revealed an unexpectedly large diversity of fish species and a low proportion of invertebrates (<5% of clupeiform prey reads). This was likely due to a combination of both a limitation of the metabarcoding method (primer bias and low success of invertebrate taxonomic identification) as well as a contribution of early life stages (ichthyoplankton) to the diet of these fishes. The potential role of clupeiform fish populations as a constraint to the recruitment from the ichthyoplanktonic phase of other ecologically or commercially important fishes should be considered as an important direction for future studies.

羽鳃纲鱼类是生态和经济上的重要物种,为全球的工业和个体渔业做出了贡献。它们是食物网中的关键环节,影响着营养级之间的动态变化。许多地区对这些物种的膳食相互作用研究甚少,但对渔业管理却至关重要。为了阐明这些物种在巴西南部海湾远洋渔业食物网中的作用,我们采用了对栉水母类和可能的捕食者的鱼胃内容物进行代谢编码分析的方法。在 2016 年 3 月至 9 月的船上采样期间,我们处理了代表 31 个物种的 87 份胃样本(包括代表 3 个栉水母类物种的 12 份样本)。营养级之间的联系表明,巴西沙丁鱼(Sardinella brasiliensis)和鳗鲡(Engraulis anchoita)是大量鱼类(隶属于 18 个科的 28 个物种)的重要食物,占褐盖鱼类猎物总读数丰度的大部分(分别为约 46%和约 32%)。Opisthonema oglinum 是 13 科 16 种鱼类的食物,占羽状鱼类猎物总读数丰度的约 18%。在食肉动物的食物中出现多个通常与中上层猎物不相关的羽鳃纲分类群表明,基于生态系统的渔业管理不应将中上层渔业和底栖渔业分开。鳞栉水母类的食谱显示,鱼类物种的多样性出乎意料地高,而无脊椎动物的比例却很低(占鳞栉水母类猎物的 5%)。这可能是由于代谢标码方法的局限性(引物偏差和无脊椎动物分类鉴定成功率低)以及早期生命阶段(鱼类浮游生物)对这些鱼类食物的贡献。鱼鳞状鱼类种群作为其他具有生态或商业重要性的鱼类从浮游鱼类阶段招募的制约因素的潜在作用,应被视为未来研究的一个重要方向。
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引用次数: 0
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Fisheries Oceanography
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