Pub Date : 2021-04-17DOI: 10.1177/0020720920984685
Miaosen Ma, Sheng Gao, Yanyan Lu, Yuan Yao
This paper aims to estimate the economic value of agricultural water use in Arizona based on an improved economic value estimation model (EVIW model). In this research, EVIW method is optimized for...
{"title":"Economic value of agricultural water use for Arizona","authors":"Miaosen Ma, Sheng Gao, Yanyan Lu, Yuan Yao","doi":"10.1177/0020720920984685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0020720920984685","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to estimate the economic value of agricultural water use in Arizona based on an improved economic value estimation model (EVIW model). In this research, EVIW method is optimized for...","PeriodicalId":51065,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education","volume":" ","pages":"002072092098468"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0020720920984685","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43520635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-14DOI: 10.1177/0020720921999744
Xin Zhao, Hong Zhao
For the study of corporate social responsibility, the most fundamental problem is the relationship between Social Responsibility and Financial Performance on enterprises, which is related to whether the enterprise should bear social responsibility directly. For a long time, state-owned enterprises of China as the backbone of social responsibility, to shoulder a large number of policy burden. When corporates’ social responsibility rises to the height of the national strategic development level and becomes the focus of government attention, what is the impact of state-owned enterprise social responsibility on financial performance? Will the impact of social responsibility on financial performance in our country be different between private enterprises and state-owned enterprises? This article attempts to study these issues. The study shows that the social responsibility of Chinese enterprises has reduced its financial performance significantly. The more concerned on different aspects of social responsibility, the lower the financial performance. Secondly, compared with the private enterprises, the social responsibility of the state-owned enterprises will reduce its Financial performance, and especially in the areas where government intervention more.
{"title":"Research on the impact of social responsibility of state-owned enterprises and private enterprises on financial performance","authors":"Xin Zhao, Hong Zhao","doi":"10.1177/0020720921999744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0020720921999744","url":null,"abstract":"For the study of corporate social responsibility, the most fundamental problem is the relationship between Social Responsibility and Financial Performance on enterprises, which is related to whether the enterprise should bear social responsibility directly. For a long time, state-owned enterprises of China as the backbone of social responsibility, to shoulder a large number of policy burden. When corporates’ social responsibility rises to the height of the national strategic development level and becomes the focus of government attention, what is the impact of state-owned enterprise social responsibility on financial performance? Will the impact of social responsibility on financial performance in our country be different between private enterprises and state-owned enterprises? This article attempts to study these issues. The study shows that the social responsibility of Chinese enterprises has reduced its financial performance significantly. The more concerned on different aspects of social responsibility, the lower the financial performance. Secondly, compared with the private enterprises, the social responsibility of the state-owned enterprises will reduce its Financial performance, and especially in the areas where government intervention more.","PeriodicalId":51065,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education","volume":"1 1","pages":"002072092199974"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0020720921999744","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48598381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-14DOI: 10.1177/0020720921996599
R. Anand, L. Padmasuresh, P. Muthukumar, P. Sreeja, V. Krishnakumar, MV Ramesh
The Harmonics control of any inverters can be decided by the PWM incorporated for the switches. In recent years the carrier and reference modification based research is going on the inverter field. This paper suggests that the alteration of carriers and references of the three phase voltage source inverter enhance the ability to decrease the harmonic content.This enhanced realization deals with the carrier and reference modification arrangement for three phase voltage source inverter through amalgamating the boosted reference and random triangular carrier. The boosted reference is the addition of sine reference with injection of 1/3rd of reference amplitude (3fs) in the middle portion of the reference wave. i.e., [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] . The proposed PWM scheme use two carriers, one is Triangle wave and another one is inverted Triangle wave. The process of selecting the winning carrier among the two triangle carriers is purely based on the LFSR technique. The spectral quality of the induction motor drives has improved by the random carriers. The simulation and experimental values are proving the validity of the PWM method. The PWMs are generated by using parallel processing enabled FPGA processor.
{"title":"Harmonics control of three phase voltage source inverter with random carriers and modified reference","authors":"R. Anand, L. Padmasuresh, P. Muthukumar, P. Sreeja, V. Krishnakumar, MV Ramesh","doi":"10.1177/0020720921996599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0020720921996599","url":null,"abstract":"The Harmonics control of any inverters can be decided by the PWM incorporated for the switches. In recent years the carrier and reference modification based research is going on the inverter field. This paper suggests that the alteration of carriers and references of the three phase voltage source inverter enhance the ability to decrease the harmonic content.This enhanced realization deals with the carrier and reference modification arrangement for three phase voltage source inverter through amalgamating the boosted reference and random triangular carrier. The boosted reference is the addition of sine reference with injection of 1/3rd of reference amplitude (3fs) in the middle portion of the reference wave. i.e., [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] . The proposed PWM scheme use two carriers, one is Triangle wave and another one is inverted Triangle wave. The process of selecting the winning carrier among the two triangle carriers is purely based on the LFSR technique. The spectral quality of the induction motor drives has improved by the random carriers. The simulation and experimental values are proving the validity of the PWM method. The PWMs are generated by using parallel processing enabled FPGA processor.","PeriodicalId":51065,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education","volume":" ","pages":"002072092199659"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0020720921996599","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48481238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-12DOI: 10.1177/0020720921996591
Song Li, Y. Li
Physical education (P.E.) and physical activity are the central and practicable aspects of emotional, mental, and physical well-being. They are crucial determinants of health outcomes within an ind...
{"title":"Exploration and research on multiple ways of P.E. Teaching in colleges","authors":"Song Li, Y. Li","doi":"10.1177/0020720921996591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0020720921996591","url":null,"abstract":"Physical education (P.E.) and physical activity are the central and practicable aspects of emotional, mental, and physical well-being. They are crucial determinants of health outcomes within an ind...","PeriodicalId":51065,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education","volume":" ","pages":"002072092199659"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0020720921996591","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49452360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-11DOI: 10.1177/00207209211002092
Lei Yao, Ruixin Wang
This paper presents a magnetically controlled series compensation-fault current limiter (MCSC-FCL) which is composed of a magnetically controlled reactor (MCR) and a compensation capacitor. The dev...
{"title":"A magnetically controlled series compensation-fault current limiter","authors":"Lei Yao, Ruixin Wang","doi":"10.1177/00207209211002092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207209211002092","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a magnetically controlled series compensation-fault current limiter (MCSC-FCL) which is composed of a magnetically controlled reactor (MCR) and a compensation capacitor. The dev...","PeriodicalId":51065,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education","volume":"1 1","pages":"002072092110020"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/00207209211002092","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41418134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-11DOI: 10.1177/00207209211005258
Jianliang Guo
Various modern learning modes also promote the wide application of online learning. In order to solve the current situation of lack of educational resources in Colleges and universities (CAU), we need to use innovative learning theory, cutting-edge teaching technology and tools, and integrate multimedia education into the existing mixed teaching to form a new teaching mode. This paper takes the teaching course of practical writing as the research object, uses the method of literature survey to read and analyze a large number of relevant literatures. According to the research needs, through the research and summary of the literature content, some views, methods and relevant opinions are collected. In this paper, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 120 students and 10 teachers who participated in the reform of teaching methods. The data collected from the questionnaire were summarized and analyzed by using the statistical method of several cases and logical analysis method. The survey results show that the satisfaction of students in the teaching class with multi-media education integrated into the hybrid university teaching mode reaches 80%, while that of the traditional teaching method class is only 33.33%; 39 students in the new teaching mode achieve excellent results in the assessment, and 19 students in the traditional teaching mode class achieve excellent results. Clear teaching strategy, scientific teaching mode and reasonable teaching content can enhance students’ interest in writing course, strengthen students’ practical application ability, and play a positive role in the exploration of practical writing teaching mode, and provide certain basis.
{"title":"Integration of multimedia education into the teaching of college english writing","authors":"Jianliang Guo","doi":"10.1177/00207209211005258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207209211005258","url":null,"abstract":"Various modern learning modes also promote the wide application of online learning. In order to solve the current situation of lack of educational resources in Colleges and universities (CAU), we need to use innovative learning theory, cutting-edge teaching technology and tools, and integrate multimedia education into the existing mixed teaching to form a new teaching mode. This paper takes the teaching course of practical writing as the research object, uses the method of literature survey to read and analyze a large number of relevant literatures. According to the research needs, through the research and summary of the literature content, some views, methods and relevant opinions are collected. In this paper, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 120 students and 10 teachers who participated in the reform of teaching methods. The data collected from the questionnaire were summarized and analyzed by using the statistical method of several cases and logical analysis method. The survey results show that the satisfaction of students in the teaching class with multi-media education integrated into the hybrid university teaching mode reaches 80%, while that of the traditional teaching method class is only 33.33%; 39 students in the new teaching mode achieve excellent results in the assessment, and 19 students in the traditional teaching mode class achieve excellent results. Clear teaching strategy, scientific teaching mode and reasonable teaching content can enhance students’ interest in writing course, strengthen students’ practical application ability, and play a positive role in the exploration of practical writing teaching mode, and provide certain basis.","PeriodicalId":51065,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education","volume":" ","pages":"002072092110052"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/00207209211005258","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49113156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-11DOI: 10.1177/00207209211002076
Fei Bian, Xuansheng Wang
Nowadays, China has got into the era of big-data. In the background of big-data information era, the management of college students in China has undergone certain changes, and the trend of student management informationization is obvious. Universities are momentous places for cultivating talents. The student management work of universities directly affects the quality of talent training and affects the stability of colleges and universities (CAU). The internal structure and external environment faced by higher education are undergoing unprecedented profound changes, bringing many new situations, new problems and new challenges to the supervision of university students. Therefore, college education managers need to show solicitude for the impact of big-data technology on college education management (CEM) and propose corresponding countermeasures to raise the productivity of college education administration. This paper concentrates on the characteristics of big-data. On the basis of investigating the present situation and matters of the development of big-data education administration in CAU in China, this paper explores the countermeasures to raise the innovation of big-data education management (BDEM) in universities in China.
{"title":"The effect of big-data on the management of higher education in China and its countermeasures","authors":"Fei Bian, Xuansheng Wang","doi":"10.1177/00207209211002076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207209211002076","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, China has got into the era of big-data. In the background of big-data information era, the management of college students in China has undergone certain changes, and the trend of student management informationization is obvious. Universities are momentous places for cultivating talents. The student management work of universities directly affects the quality of talent training and affects the stability of colleges and universities (CAU). The internal structure and external environment faced by higher education are undergoing unprecedented profound changes, bringing many new situations, new problems and new challenges to the supervision of university students. Therefore, college education managers need to show solicitude for the impact of big-data technology on college education management (CEM) and propose corresponding countermeasures to raise the productivity of college education administration. This paper concentrates on the characteristics of big-data. On the basis of investigating the present situation and matters of the development of big-data education administration in CAU in China, this paper explores the countermeasures to raise the innovation of big-data education management (BDEM) in universities in China.","PeriodicalId":51065,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education","volume":" ","pages":"002072092110020"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/00207209211002076","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41980849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-11DOI: 10.1177/0020720920986090
Linling Gan, Daoyang Wang, Cuicui Wang, Ding Xiao, Mu Zhang, Zixuan Wang, Fang Li
The main goal of music appreciation teaching is to cultivate students' correct aesthetics and teach them to acquire basic knowledge about music history and musical expression methods. However, traditional music teaching is often limited in conditions and abstract in content, making it difficult to achieve this teaching goal. For the purpose of achieving the teaching goal and effect, this paper mainly studies how to use the new teaching aids, namely virtual reality technology, to design and implement the multimedia teaching platform for the music appreciation course scenario teaching. Through the statistics of the students' music appreciation course and the feedback data collected by the questionnaire, the results show that the platform in this paper is helpful to arouse students' interest in music learning and promote their efficient and independent learning. The innovation of this article lies in the full application of virtual reality technology to music teaching appreciation classes, which enables the effective combination of virtual reality technology and music courses to play the role of virtual reality technology.
{"title":"Design and implementation of multimedia teaching platform for situational teaching of music appreciation course based on virtual reality","authors":"Linling Gan, Daoyang Wang, Cuicui Wang, Ding Xiao, Mu Zhang, Zixuan Wang, Fang Li","doi":"10.1177/0020720920986090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0020720920986090","url":null,"abstract":"The main goal of music appreciation teaching is to cultivate students' correct aesthetics and teach them to acquire basic knowledge about music history and musical expression methods. However, traditional music teaching is often limited in conditions and abstract in content, making it difficult to achieve this teaching goal. For the purpose of achieving the teaching goal and effect, this paper mainly studies how to use the new teaching aids, namely virtual reality technology, to design and implement the multimedia teaching platform for the music appreciation course scenario teaching. Through the statistics of the students' music appreciation course and the feedback data collected by the questionnaire, the results show that the platform in this paper is helpful to arouse students' interest in music learning and promote their efficient and independent learning. The innovation of this article lies in the full application of virtual reality technology to music teaching appreciation classes, which enables the effective combination of virtual reality technology and music courses to play the role of virtual reality technology.","PeriodicalId":51065,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education","volume":"1 1","pages":"002072092098609"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0020720920986090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47855324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-11DOI: 10.1177/00207209211002082
Hailiang Guo
Cultivating students with innovative ability is not only the internal requirement of realizing China's modernization, but also an important embodiment of improving the quality of higher education. To improve the level of higher education, deepen the reform of university education system, and cultivate students with innovative ability are the core and basic points of innovation and development of colleges in China. This paper discusses the relationship between the cultivation of innovative talents and the reform of management system in colleges. By using the method of literature, it analyzes the restrictive factors of cultivating students' innovative ability, and puts forward corresponding suggestions. It also points out that the reform of university management system is of great significance to the cultivation of innovative talents, the improvement of the quality of running colleges in China, and the construction of international first-class universities. The research shows that the main factors that restrict the cultivation of students' innovative ability are the influence of traditional education concept, the cultivation mode of higher education, the curriculum and teaching methods, the evaluation mechanism of students and the teaching conditions of higher education. colleges should guarantee the funds for innovative education, reform the incentive mechanism, and reform teaching methods and methods, which is of great significance to promote the cultivation of students' innovative consciousness, innovative ability and entrepreneurial spirit.
{"title":"Research on the influence of university education system reform on college students' innovation ability","authors":"Hailiang Guo","doi":"10.1177/00207209211002082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00207209211002082","url":null,"abstract":"Cultivating students with innovative ability is not only the internal requirement of realizing China's modernization, but also an important embodiment of improving the quality of higher education. To improve the level of higher education, deepen the reform of university education system, and cultivate students with innovative ability are the core and basic points of innovation and development of colleges in China. This paper discusses the relationship between the cultivation of innovative talents and the reform of management system in colleges. By using the method of literature, it analyzes the restrictive factors of cultivating students' innovative ability, and puts forward corresponding suggestions. It also points out that the reform of university management system is of great significance to the cultivation of innovative talents, the improvement of the quality of running colleges in China, and the construction of international first-class universities. The research shows that the main factors that restrict the cultivation of students' innovative ability are the influence of traditional education concept, the cultivation mode of higher education, the curriculum and teaching methods, the evaluation mechanism of students and the teaching conditions of higher education. colleges should guarantee the funds for innovative education, reform the incentive mechanism, and reform teaching methods and methods, which is of great significance to promote the cultivation of students' innovative consciousness, innovative ability and entrepreneurial spirit.","PeriodicalId":51065,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education","volume":" ","pages":"002072092110020"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/00207209211002082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42764710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-11DOI: 10.1177/0020720921997048
Xiaojun Li, Qiping Ren, Zhihui Yu
To explore the structure of college students’ optimism and develop a questionnaire. The initial items of the questionnaire are formed by interview, open questionnaire and document retrieval. On the basis of forecast, 692 valid questionnaires are obtained from the subjects with the self-designed questionnaire. The life orientation questionnaire is used to test the validity of the criterion. The questionnaire on college students’ optimism contains 13 items, including two high-order factors: optimism and pessimism. Optimism includes optimistic expectation and optimistic explanatory style which pessimism factor includes pessimistic expectation and pessimistic explanatory style. The fitting indicators are better (X2/df = 3.45, GFI = 0.96, IFI = 0.95, NNFI = 0.93, CFI = 0.95 and RMSEA = 0.06), internal consistency reliability is between 0.61 and 0.74, and all sub-dimensions of the questionnaire are significantly correlated. The total scores of the questionnaire and four factors are positively correlated with the total scores of the life orientation questionnaire (0.74 ∼ 0.81). The college students’ optimism is composed of four factors; the reliability and validity meet the requirements of psychometrics, and can be used in related research and practice. This study seemed to show that the CSOQ was a valid tool for measuring optimism among Chinese college students.
{"title":"Exploration on the structure of college students’ optimism and development of questionnaire","authors":"Xiaojun Li, Qiping Ren, Zhihui Yu","doi":"10.1177/0020720921997048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0020720921997048","url":null,"abstract":"To explore the structure of college students’ optimism and develop a questionnaire. The initial items of the questionnaire are formed by interview, open questionnaire and document retrieval. On the basis of forecast, 692 valid questionnaires are obtained from the subjects with the self-designed questionnaire. The life orientation questionnaire is used to test the validity of the criterion. The questionnaire on college students’ optimism contains 13 items, including two high-order factors: optimism and pessimism. Optimism includes optimistic expectation and optimistic explanatory style which pessimism factor includes pessimistic expectation and pessimistic explanatory style. The fitting indicators are better (X2/df = 3.45, GFI = 0.96, IFI = 0.95, NNFI = 0.93, CFI = 0.95 and RMSEA = 0.06), internal consistency reliability is between 0.61 and 0.74, and all sub-dimensions of the questionnaire are significantly correlated. The total scores of the questionnaire and four factors are positively correlated with the total scores of the life orientation questionnaire (0.74 ∼ 0.81). The college students’ optimism is composed of four factors; the reliability and validity meet the requirements of psychometrics, and can be used in related research and practice. This study seemed to show that the CSOQ was a valid tool for measuring optimism among Chinese college students.","PeriodicalId":51065,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education","volume":"1 1","pages":"002072092199704"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0020720921997048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46777403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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