Pub Date : 2024-05-26DOI: 10.1177/09691413241256595
Sabine Fletcher, Belinda C Goodwin
Setting: Bowel and breast cancer testing outside of the national programs is not routinely recorded in Australia, limiting our ability to monitor and estimate true screening coverage. Objective: This study makes preliminary estimates of the proportion of eligible participants who test for bowel and breast cancer outside of national programs using a large convenience sample of 31,065 cancer risk calculator respondents. Methods: Logistic regression was applied to assess difference in cancer testing both within and outside respective programs between demographic groups. Results: Almost one-third (9456 respondents) were aged between 50 and 74 years and eligible to participate in the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) with 8073 female respondents additionally qualifying for the national BreastScreen program. Out of 4166 respondents who reported not to participate in the NBCSP, over 2000 (48.4%) reported 'screening' outside the NBCSP. For breast cancer the rate of self-reported screening outside BreastScreen was even higher, with 2442 (73.8%) of 3308 respondents who did not participate in BreastScreen reporting undergoing testing elsewhere. Interestingly, outer regional or remote residence was associated with lower participation within the NBCSP (OR = 0.92; p = 0.05) and higher testing outside of BreastScreen (OR = 1.21; p < 0.05) screening programs. Conclusion: Findings provide preliminary support for the need to better understand the volume of cancer testing taking place outside the national programs and to address reporting gaps within the health system.
{"title":"Testing outside of the National Bowel and Breast Cancer Screening Programs in Queensland, Australia.","authors":"Sabine Fletcher, Belinda C Goodwin","doi":"10.1177/09691413241256595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09691413241256595","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Setting:</b> Bowel and breast cancer testing outside of the national programs is not routinely recorded in Australia, limiting our ability to monitor and estimate true screening coverage. <b>Objective:</b> This study makes preliminary estimates of the proportion of eligible participants who test for bowel and breast cancer outside of national programs using a large convenience sample of 31,065 cancer risk calculator respondents. <b>Methods:</b> Logistic regression was applied to assess difference in cancer testing both within and outside respective programs between demographic groups. <b>Results:</b> Almost one-third (9456 respondents) were aged between 50 and 74 years and eligible to participate in the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) with 8073 female respondents additionally qualifying for the national BreastScreen program. Out of 4166 respondents who reported not to participate in the NBCSP, over 2000 (48.4%) reported 'screening' outside the NBCSP. For breast cancer the rate of self-reported screening outside BreastScreen was even higher, with 2442 (73.8%) of 3308 respondents who did not participate in BreastScreen reporting undergoing testing elsewhere. Interestingly, outer regional or remote residence was associated with lower participation within the NBCSP (OR = 0.92; <i>p</i> = 0.05) and higher testing outside of BreastScreen (OR = 1.21; <i>p</i> < 0.05) screening programs. <b>Conclusion:</b> Findings provide preliminary support for the need to better understand the volume of cancer testing taking place outside the national programs and to address reporting gaps within the health system.</p>","PeriodicalId":51089,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Screening","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141155542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-22DOI: 10.1177/09691413241248052
Nathan VanderVeer-Harris, Zachary D Zippi, Dev P Patel, Murugesan Manoharan, Jorge R Caso, Georgeta D Vaidean
ObjectiveIn 2018, the United States Preventive Services Task Force promoted shared decision making between healthcare provider and patient for men aged 55 to 69. This study aimed to analyze rates of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing across racial and ethnic groups following this new recommendation.MethodsA secondary analysis was conducted of the 2020–2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System database to assess men aged 55 or older without a history of prostate cancer. We defined four race-ethnicity groups: non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs), non-Hispanic Blacks (NHBs), Hispanics, and Other. The primary outcome was the most recent PSA test (MRT), defined as the respondent's most recent PSA test occurring pre-2018 or post-2018 guidelines. Logistic regression adjusted for covariates including age, socioeconomic status factors, marital status, smoking history, and healthcare access factors.ResultsIn the age 55 to 69 study sample, NHW men had the greatest proportion of MRT post-2018 guidelines (n = 15,864, 72.5%). NHB men had the lowest percentage of MRT post-2018 guidelines (n = 965, 66.6%). With NHW as referent, the crude odds of the MRT post-2018 guidelines was 0.68 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.53–0.90) for NHB. The maximally adjusted odds ratio was 0.78 (0.59–1.02).ConclusionsWe found that NHB aged 55 to 69 reported decreased rates of PSA testing after 2018 when compared to NHW. This was demonstrated on crude analysis but not after adjustment. Such findings suggest the influence of social determinants of health on preventative screening for at-risk populations.
{"title":"Racial and ethnic disparities in prostate cancer screening following the 2018 US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement","authors":"Nathan VanderVeer-Harris, Zachary D Zippi, Dev P Patel, Murugesan Manoharan, Jorge R Caso, Georgeta D Vaidean","doi":"10.1177/09691413241248052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09691413241248052","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveIn 2018, the United States Preventive Services Task Force promoted shared decision making between healthcare provider and patient for men aged 55 to 69. This study aimed to analyze rates of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing across racial and ethnic groups following this new recommendation.MethodsA secondary analysis was conducted of the 2020–2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System database to assess men aged 55 or older without a history of prostate cancer. We defined four race-ethnicity groups: non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs), non-Hispanic Blacks (NHBs), Hispanics, and Other. The primary outcome was the most recent PSA test (MRT), defined as the respondent's most recent PSA test occurring pre-2018 or post-2018 guidelines. Logistic regression adjusted for covariates including age, socioeconomic status factors, marital status, smoking history, and healthcare access factors.ResultsIn the age 55 to 69 study sample, NHW men had the greatest proportion of MRT post-2018 guidelines (n = 15,864, 72.5%). NHB men had the lowest percentage of MRT post-2018 guidelines (n = 965, 66.6%). With NHW as referent, the crude odds of the MRT post-2018 guidelines was 0.68 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.53–0.90) for NHB. The maximally adjusted odds ratio was 0.78 (0.59–1.02).ConclusionsWe found that NHB aged 55 to 69 reported decreased rates of PSA testing after 2018 when compared to NHW. This was demonstrated on crude analysis but not after adjustment. Such findings suggest the influence of social determinants of health on preventative screening for at-risk populations.","PeriodicalId":51089,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Screening","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140634459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.1177/09691413241240564
Chisato Hamashima, Hirokazu Takahashi
National screening programs for gastric, colorectal, lung, breast, and cervical cancers are offered in Japan. The initial introduction of cancer screening programs was decided based on experts' opinions. Since 2003, the research groups funded by the National Cancer Center have published screening guidelines for gastric, colorectal, lung, prostate, cervical, and breast cancers. Although such guidelines have increasingly contributed to promoting evidence-based screening, it is still insufficient. Cancer screenings have mainly been provided in communities and workplaces. Compared with the average of OECD countries, participation rates in breast and cervical cancer screening are lower. Participation rates cannot be accurately calculated due to a lack of comprehensive cancer screening registries at the national level. Alternatively, estimates are derived from questionnaire surveys conducted on randomly selected samples from the national population. The quality assurance system has been limited to community-based screening and was not adapted to workplace screening until 2018. While there is a long history of cancer screening, the complex program delivery system might be a barrier to increasing the participation rate. Continued efforts are necessary to offer evidence-based cancer screening and establish an effective quality assurance system.
{"title":"Cancer screening programs in Japan: Progress and challenges.","authors":"Chisato Hamashima, Hirokazu Takahashi","doi":"10.1177/09691413241240564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09691413241240564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>National screening programs for gastric, colorectal, lung, breast, and cervical cancers are offered in Japan. The initial introduction of cancer screening programs was decided based on experts' opinions. Since 2003, the research groups funded by the National Cancer Center have published screening guidelines for gastric, colorectal, lung, prostate, cervical, and breast cancers. Although such guidelines have increasingly contributed to promoting evidence-based screening, it is still insufficient. Cancer screenings have mainly been provided in communities and workplaces. Compared with the average of OECD countries, participation rates in breast and cervical cancer screening are lower. Participation rates cannot be accurately calculated due to a lack of comprehensive cancer screening registries at the national level. Alternatively, estimates are derived from questionnaire surveys conducted on randomly selected samples from the national population. The quality assurance system has been limited to community-based screening and was not adapted to workplace screening until 2018. While there is a long history of cancer screening, the complex program delivery system might be a barrier to increasing the participation rate. Continued efforts are necessary to offer evidence-based cancer screening and establish an effective quality assurance system.</p>","PeriodicalId":51089,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Screening","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140307753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.1177/09691413241239023
Darren R Brenner, Chantelle Carbonell, Linan Xu, Nicole Nemecek, Huiming Yang
Objective: To quantify the associations between time to colonoscopy after a positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT+) and colorectal cancer (CRC)-related outcomes in the context of a provincial, population-based CRC screening program.
Setting: Population-based, retrospective cohort study in Alberta, Canada, including Albertans aged 50-74 with at least one FIT+ in 2014-2017.
Methods: Study outcomes were CRC diagnosis after a FIT+ and a diagnostic follow-up colonoscopy in 2014-2019 and CRC stage at diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relative risk of any CRC or advanced-stage CRC. Results were presented as crude odds ratio (OR) and adjusted OR (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results: Of the 787,967 participants who had a FIT, 63,232 (8%) had a FIT+ and met the study's eligibility criteria. The risk of any CRC or advanced-stage CRC stayed high and was relatively consistent for follow-up colonoscopies performed within 1-12 months of the FIT+. After 12 months, the risk of CRC was considerably higher, particularly for advanced-stage CRC. The OR and aOR for any CRC were 1.40 (95% CI: 1.13-1.73; p < 0.05) and 1.20 (95% CI: 0.96-1.49), respectively, and the OR and aOR for advanced-stage CRC were 1.42 (95% CI: 0.98-2.08) and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.59-1.32), respectively, for colonoscopy follow-up within 12-18 months versus 1-2 months.
Conclusions: For Albertans who used FIT for CRC screening, a longer time interval between a FIT+ and follow-up colonoscopy, particularly over 12 months, increases the risk of having CRC and decreases the effectiveness of CRC screening programs.
{"title":"Association between time to colonoscopy after positive fecal testing and colorectal cancer outcomes in Alberta, Canada.","authors":"Darren R Brenner, Chantelle Carbonell, Linan Xu, Nicole Nemecek, Huiming Yang","doi":"10.1177/09691413241239023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09691413241239023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To quantify the associations between time to colonoscopy after a positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT+) and colorectal cancer (CRC)-related outcomes in the context of a provincial, population-based CRC screening program.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Population-based, retrospective cohort study in Alberta, Canada, including Albertans aged 50-74 with at least one FIT+ in 2014-2017.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Study outcomes were CRC diagnosis after a FIT+ and a diagnostic follow-up colonoscopy in 2014-2019 and CRC stage at diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relative risk of any CRC or advanced-stage CRC. Results were presented as crude odds ratio (OR) and adjusted OR (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 787,967 participants who had a FIT, 63,232 (8%) had a FIT+ and met the study's eligibility criteria. The risk of any CRC or advanced-stage CRC stayed high and was relatively consistent for follow-up colonoscopies performed within 1-12 months of the FIT+. After 12 months, the risk of CRC was considerably higher, particularly for advanced-stage CRC. The OR and aOR for any CRC were 1.40 (95% CI: 1.13-1.73; <i>p</i> < 0.05) and 1.20 (95% CI: 0.96-1.49), respectively, and the OR and aOR for advanced-stage CRC were 1.42 (95% CI: 0.98-2.08) and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.59-1.32), respectively, for colonoscopy follow-up within 12-18 months versus 1-2 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For Albertans who used FIT for CRC screening, a longer time interval between a FIT+ and follow-up colonoscopy, particularly over 12 months, increases the risk of having CRC and decreases the effectiveness of CRC screening programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":51089,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Screening","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140133189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-07DOI: 10.1177/09691413241237616
Håkan Jonsson, Anne Andersson, Zheng Mao, Lennarth Nyström
Objective: To analyze differences between screen-detected and non-screen-detected invasive breast cancers by tumour characteristics and age at diagnosis in the nationwide population-based mammography screening program in Sweden.
Methods: Data were retrieved from the National Quality Register for Breast Cancer for 2008-2017. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the likelihood for a tumour to be screen-detected by tumour characteristics and age group at diagnosis.
Results: In total there were 51,429 invasive breast cancers in the target age group for mammography screening of 40-74 years. Likelihood of screen detection decreased with larger tumour size, lymph node metastases, higher histological grade and distant metastasis. Odds ratios (ORs) for negative oestrogen (ER) and progesterone (PgR) were 0.41 and 0.57; for positive HER2, 0.62; for Ki-67 high versus low, 0.49. Molecular sub-types had OR of 0.56, 0.40 and 0.28, respectively, for luminal B-like, HER2-positive and triple negative versus luminal A-like. Adjusting for tumour size (T), lymph node status (N), age, year and county at diagnosis slightly elevated the ORs. Statistically significant interactions between tumour characteristics and age were found (p < 0.05) except for ER and PgR. The age group 40-49 deviated most from the other age groups.
Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that screen-detected invasive breast cancers had more favourable tumour characteristics than non-screen-detected after adjusting for age, year and county of diagnosis, and even after adjusting for T and N. The trend towards favourable tumour characteristics was less pronounced in the 40-49 age group compared to the other age groups, except for ER and PgR.
目的分析在瑞典全国范围内开展的基于人群的乳腺放射摄影筛查项目中,根据肿瘤特征和诊断年龄筛查出的浸润性乳腺癌与未筛查出的浸润性乳腺癌之间的差异:数据取自2008-2017年全国乳腺癌质量登记册。采用逻辑回归分析法,根据肿瘤特征和诊断时的年龄组来估计肿瘤被筛查出的可能性:在40-74岁的乳腺放射摄影筛查目标年龄组中,共有51429例浸润性乳腺癌。筛查发现的可能性随着肿瘤体积增大、淋巴结转移、组织学分级升高和远处转移而降低。雌激素(ER)和孕激素(PgR)阴性的比值比(ORs)分别为 0.41 和 0.57;HER2 阳性的比值比为 0.62;Ki-67 高与低的比值比为 0.49。分子亚型方面,管腔 B 型、HER2 阳性和三阴性与管腔 A 型的 OR 值分别为 0.56、0.40 和 0.28。对肿瘤大小(T)、淋巴结状态(N)、年龄、诊断年份和地区进行调整后,ORs略有升高。肿瘤特征与年龄之间存在统计学意义上的交互作用(P 结论:我们的研究表明,筛查发现的乳腺癌与年龄之间的交互作用具有统计学意义:我们的研究表明,筛查出的浸润性乳腺癌与未筛查出的乳腺癌相比,在调整了年龄、诊断年份和县之后,甚至在调整了 T 和 N 之后,都具有更有利的肿瘤特征。
{"title":"Age-specific differences in tumour characteristics between screen-detected and non-screen-detected breast cancers in women aged 40-74 at diagnosis in Sweden from 2008 to 2017.","authors":"Håkan Jonsson, Anne Andersson, Zheng Mao, Lennarth Nyström","doi":"10.1177/09691413241237616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09691413241237616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze differences between screen-detected and non-screen-detected invasive breast cancers by tumour characteristics and age at diagnosis in the nationwide population-based mammography screening program in Sweden.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were retrieved from the National Quality Register for Breast Cancer for 2008-2017. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the likelihood for a tumour to be screen-detected by tumour characteristics and age group at diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total there were 51,429 invasive breast cancers in the target age group for mammography screening of 40-74 years. Likelihood of screen detection decreased with larger tumour size, lymph node metastases, higher histological grade and distant metastasis. Odds ratios (ORs) for negative oestrogen (ER) and progesterone (PgR) were 0.41 and 0.57; for positive HER2, 0.62; for Ki-67 high versus low, 0.49. Molecular sub-types had OR of 0.56, 0.40 and 0.28, respectively, for luminal B-like, HER2-positive and triple negative versus luminal A-like. Adjusting for tumour size (T), lymph node status (N), age, year and county at diagnosis slightly elevated the ORs. Statistically significant interactions between tumour characteristics and age were found (<i>p</i> < 0.05) except for ER and PgR. The age group 40-49 deviated most from the other age groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study demonstrates that screen-detected invasive breast cancers had more favourable tumour characteristics than non-screen-detected after adjusting for age, year and county of diagnosis, and even after adjusting for T and N. The trend towards favourable tumour characteristics was less pronounced in the 40-49 age group compared to the other age groups, except for ER and PgR.</p>","PeriodicalId":51089,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Screening","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140061163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2023-07-12DOI: 10.1177/09691413231188069
Yajun Chen, Rui Zhong, Xueqin Guo, Shiping Chen, Yan Wang, Jiufeng Li, Lichan Huang, Yi Li, Xiaoling Wang, Liting Wu, Mubao Huang, Xiaoyan Huang, Junbin Fang, Zhongjie Chu, Jun Sun, Zhiyu Peng, Yan Sun
Objectives: As one of the most common hereditary diseases, thalassemia affects a large number of people in China. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a method based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) for screening of thalassemia carriers among high school students in the Shaoguan area.
Materials and methods: The NGS-based method was performed using 25,910 high school students recruited from 38 schools. The screening yield was systematically analyzed. Before screening, a lecture on how the disease is inherited, the symptoms of thalassemia, and how to prevent it was given to 28,780 students.
Results: Implying successful delivery of information on the disease, 90.03% (25,910 of 28,780) of the students agreed to join this program for thalassemia screening. A thalassemia carrier rate of 15.99% (4144 of 25,910) was found. Also, 69 rare genotypes (28 of α-thalassemia and 41 of β-thalassemia) and 9 novel variants were identified.
Conclusions: This NGS-based method provided a feasible platform for high school population thalassemia screening. Combined with a clinical follow-up strategy, it could help eventually to prevent the births of affected children.
{"title":"Carrier rate of thalassemia among 25,910 high school students in Shaoguan area, China.","authors":"Yajun Chen, Rui Zhong, Xueqin Guo, Shiping Chen, Yan Wang, Jiufeng Li, Lichan Huang, Yi Li, Xiaoling Wang, Liting Wu, Mubao Huang, Xiaoyan Huang, Junbin Fang, Zhongjie Chu, Jun Sun, Zhiyu Peng, Yan Sun","doi":"10.1177/09691413231188069","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09691413231188069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>As one of the most common hereditary diseases, thalassemia affects a large number of people in China. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a method based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) for screening of thalassemia carriers among high school students in the Shaoguan area.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The NGS-based method was performed using 25,910 high school students recruited from 38 schools. The screening yield was systematically analyzed. Before screening, a lecture on how the disease is inherited, the symptoms of thalassemia, and how to prevent it was given to 28,780 students.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Implying successful delivery of information on the disease, 90.03% (25,910 of 28,780) of the students agreed to join this program for thalassemia screening. A thalassemia carrier rate of 15.99% (4144 of 25,910) was found. Also, 69 rare genotypes (28 of α-thalassemia and 41 of β-thalassemia) and 9 novel variants were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This NGS-based method provided a feasible platform for high school population thalassemia screening. Combined with a clinical follow-up strategy, it could help eventually to prevent the births of affected children.</p>","PeriodicalId":51089,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Screening","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9773458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2023-07-18DOI: 10.1177/09691413231188275
Hanna Heyman, Johannes Blom, Deborah Saraste
Objective: To evaluate participation and participation patterns in a population-based screening programme for colorectal cancer (CRC) using the faecal immunochemical test (FIT).
Methods: All individuals invited to three consecutive screening rounds in the population-based CRC screening between October 2015 and December 2020 in the Stockholm-Gotland Region, Sweden were included. Patterns of participation were assessed.
Results: The study included 26 541 individuals which resulted in 79 623 screening events. The overall uptake rate was 71.5% and women had a significantly higher participation rate. The participation rate increased significantly between the first and third screening round for both men and women, and the increase was larger among men than women (66.1 to 70.7% vs. 73.1 to 75.4%). In total, 80.9% participated at least once. Consistent participation was the most common participation pattern (61.0%). The probability of attending all three consecutive rounds after initial participation was 87.7%. Over the three rounds, 17.4% participated after a reminder letter. Screening individuals attending after a reminder letter had a higher proportion of drop-outs in the following screening round compared to initial participants (15.4% vs 6.2%).
Conclusion: A constant and high participation rate was observed in population-based FIT-screening for CRC. Initial participation was a strong predictor for continuous participation. The need for a reminder letter before participation was a risk factor for subsequent drop-out.
{"title":"Colorectal cancer screening with faecal immunochemical test: Patterns of participation.","authors":"Hanna Heyman, Johannes Blom, Deborah Saraste","doi":"10.1177/09691413231188275","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09691413231188275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate participation and participation patterns in a population-based screening programme for colorectal cancer (CRC) using the faecal immunochemical test (FIT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All individuals invited to three consecutive screening rounds in the population-based CRC screening between October 2015 and December 2020 in the Stockholm-Gotland Region, Sweden were included. Patterns of participation were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 26 541 individuals which resulted in 79 623 screening events. The overall uptake rate was 71.5% and women had a significantly higher participation rate. The participation rate increased significantly between the first and third screening round for both men and women, and the increase was larger among men than women (66.1 to 70.7% <i>vs</i>. 73.1 to 75.4%). In total, 80.9% participated at least once. Consistent participation was the most common participation pattern (61.0%). The probability of attending all three consecutive rounds after initial participation was 87.7%. Over the three rounds, 17.4% participated after a reminder letter. Screening individuals attending after a reminder letter had a higher proportion of drop-outs in the following screening round compared to initial participants (15.4% vs 6.2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A constant and high participation rate was observed in population-based FIT-screening for CRC. Initial participation was a strong predictor for continuous participation. The need for a reminder letter before participation was a risk factor for subsequent drop-out.</p>","PeriodicalId":51089,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Screening","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10877995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9832202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1177/09691413231197131
Daniel B Kopans, Richard E Sharpe, Peter R Eby
Debates about breast cancer screening have continued in part because the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, which began in 1974, has never included the method of detection so that it has been impossible to determine the role that early detection has played in the major decline in deaths from breast cancer that we have seen in the US since 1990. Method of detection should be added to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database as soon as possible.
{"title":"Including the method of detection for breast cancer in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database is long overdue.","authors":"Daniel B Kopans, Richard E Sharpe, Peter R Eby","doi":"10.1177/09691413231197131","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09691413231197131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Debates about breast cancer screening have continued in part because the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, which began in 1974, has never included the method of detection so that it has been impossible to determine the role that early detection has played in the major decline in deaths from breast cancer that we have seen in the US since 1990. Method of detection should be added to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database as soon as possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":51089,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Screening","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10062439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2023-07-19DOI: 10.1177/09691413231184334
Susan Yuill, Sam Egger, Megan A Smith, Louiza Velentzis, Marion Saville, Erich V Kliewer, Deborah Bateson, Karen Canfell
Objective: Equitable elimination of cervical cancer in Australia within the next decade will require high National Cervical Screening Program (NCSP) participation by all subgroups of women. The aim of this study was to examine the participation of immigrants compared to Australian-born women.
Methods: Participation in the NCSP (≥1cytology test) over a 3-year (2010-2012) and 5-year (2008-2012) period, by place of birth and time since immigration was examined using individually linked data of 67,350 New South Wales (NSW) women aged ≥45 enrolled in the 45 and Up Study.
Results: Three-year cervical screening participation was 77.0% overall. Compared to Australian-born women (77.8%), 3-year participation was lower for women born in New Zealand (adjusted odds ratio 0.77, 95% confidence interval 0.69-0.87), Oceania (0.67, 0.51-0.89), Middle East/North Africa (0.76, 0.60-0.97), South-East Asia (0.72, 0.60-0.87), Chinese Asia (0.82, 0.69-0.97), Japan/South Korea (0.68, 0.50-0.94), and Southern/Central Asia (0.54, 0.43-0.67), but higher for women from Malta (2.85, 1.77-4.58) and South America (1.33, 1.01-1.75). Non-English-speaking-at-home women were less likely to be screened than English-speaking-at-home women (0.85, 0.78-0.93). Participation increased with years lived in Australia but remained lower in immigrant groups compared to Australian-born women, even after ≥20 years living in Australia. Similar results were observed for 5-year participation.
Conclusions: Women born in New Zealand, Oceania, and parts of Asia and the Middle East had lower NCSP participation, which persisted for ≥20 years post-immigration. The NCSP transition to primary HPV screening, and the introduction of the universal self-collection option in 2022, will offer new opportunities for increasing screening participation for these groups.
{"title":"Participation in the national cervical screening programme among women from New South Wales, Australia, by place of birth and time since immigration: A data linkage analysis using the 45 and up study.","authors":"Susan Yuill, Sam Egger, Megan A Smith, Louiza Velentzis, Marion Saville, Erich V Kliewer, Deborah Bateson, Karen Canfell","doi":"10.1177/09691413231184334","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09691413231184334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Equitable elimination of cervical cancer in Australia within the next decade will require high National Cervical Screening Program (NCSP) participation by all subgroups of women. The aim of this study was to examine the participation of immigrants compared to Australian-born women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participation in the NCSP (≥1cytology test) over a 3-year (2010-2012) and 5-year (2008-2012) period, by place of birth and time since immigration was examined using individually linked data of 67,350 New South Wales (NSW) women aged ≥45 enrolled in the 45 and Up Study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three-year cervical screening participation was 77.0% overall. Compared to Australian-born women (77.8%), 3-year participation was lower for women born in New Zealand (adjusted odds ratio 0.77, 95% confidence interval 0.69-0.87), Oceania (0.67, 0.51-0.89), Middle East/North Africa (0.76, 0.60-0.97), South-East Asia (0.72, 0.60-0.87), Chinese Asia (0.82, 0.69-0.97), Japan/South Korea (0.68, 0.50-0.94), and Southern/Central Asia (0.54, 0.43-0.67), but higher for women from Malta (2.85, 1.77-4.58) and South America (1.33, 1.01-1.75). Non-English-speaking-at-home women were less likely to be screened than English-speaking-at-home women (0.85, 0.78-0.93). Participation increased with years lived in Australia but remained lower in immigrant groups compared to Australian-born women, even after ≥20 years living in Australia. Similar results were observed for 5-year participation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Women born in New Zealand, Oceania, and parts of Asia and the Middle East had lower NCSP participation, which persisted for ≥20 years post-immigration. The NCSP transition to primary HPV screening, and the introduction of the universal self-collection option in 2022, will offer new opportunities for increasing screening participation for these groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":51089,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Screening","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10190065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2023-07-12DOI: 10.1177/09691413231186686
Stephen W Duffy, Amy Ming-Fang Yen, Laszlo Tabar, Abbie Ting-Yu Lin, Sam Li-Sheng Chen, Chen-Yang Hsu, Peter B Dean, Robert A Smith, Tony Hsiu-Hsi Chen
Objectives: The benefit of mammography screening in reducing population mortality from breast cancer is well established. In this paper, we estimate the effect of repeated participation at scheduled screens on case survival.
Methods: We analysed incidence and survival data on 37,079 women from nine Swedish counties who had at least one to five invitation(s) to screening prior to diagnosis, and were diagnosed with breast cancer between 1992 and 2016. Of these, 4564 subsequently died of breast cancer. We estimated the association of survival with participation in up to the most recent five screens before diagnosis. We used proportional hazards regression to estimate the effect on survival of the number of scheduled screens in which subjects participated prior to the diagnosis of breast cancer.
Results: There was successively better survival with an increasing number of screens in which the subject participated. For a woman with five previous screening invitations who participated in all five, the hazard ratio was 0.28 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.25-0.33, p < 0.0001) compared to a woman attending none (86.9% vs 68.9% 20-year survival). Following a conservative adjustment for potential self-selection factors, the hazard ratio was 0.34 (95% CI 0.26-0.43, p < 0.0001), an approximate three-fold reduction in the hazard of dying from breast cancer.
Conclusion: For those women who develop breast cancer, regular prior participation in mammography screening confers significantly better survival.
目的:乳房 X 射线照相筛查在降低乳腺癌死亡率方面的益处已得到公认。本文估算了重复参加预定筛查对病例存活率的影响:我们分析了来自瑞典九个县的 37079 名女性的发病率和生存率数据,这些女性在确诊前至少接受过一至五次筛查邀请,并在 1992 年至 2016 年期间被确诊为乳腺癌。其中,4564 人后来死于乳腺癌。我们估算了生存率与确诊前参加最近五次筛查的相关性。我们使用比例危险回归法估算了受试者在确诊乳腺癌前参加的计划筛查次数对生存率的影响:结果:受试者参加筛查的次数越多,生存率越高。如果一名妇女之前接受过五次筛查邀请,并参加了所有五次筛查,那么其危险比为 0.28(95% 置信区间(CI)为 0.25-0.33,p p 结论):对于罹患乳腺癌的妇女来说,定期参加乳腺 X 射线照相筛查能显著提高她们的生存率。
{"title":"Beneficial effect of repeated participation in breast cancer screening upon survival.","authors":"Stephen W Duffy, Amy Ming-Fang Yen, Laszlo Tabar, Abbie Ting-Yu Lin, Sam Li-Sheng Chen, Chen-Yang Hsu, Peter B Dean, Robert A Smith, Tony Hsiu-Hsi Chen","doi":"10.1177/09691413231186686","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09691413231186686","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The benefit of mammography screening in reducing population mortality from breast cancer is well established. In this paper, we estimate the effect of repeated participation at scheduled screens on case survival.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed incidence and survival data on 37,079 women from nine Swedish counties who had at least one to five invitation(s) to screening prior to diagnosis, and were diagnosed with breast cancer between 1992 and 2016. Of these, 4564 subsequently died of breast cancer. We estimated the association of survival with participation in up to the most recent five screens before diagnosis. We used proportional hazards regression to estimate the effect on survival of the number of scheduled screens in which subjects participated prior to the diagnosis of breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was successively better survival with an increasing number of screens in which the subject participated. For a woman with five previous screening invitations who participated in all five, the hazard ratio was 0.28 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.25-0.33, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) compared to a woman attending none (86.9% vs 68.9% 20-year survival). Following a conservative adjustment for potential self-selection factors, the hazard ratio was 0.34 (95% CI 0.26-0.43, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), an approximate three-fold reduction in the hazard of dying from breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For those women who develop breast cancer, regular prior participation in mammography screening confers significantly better survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":51089,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Screening","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10878004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9763779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}