Maturitas最新文献

Objective

To evaluate the ability of decline in intrinsic capacity to indicate the risk of mortality in older adults.

Design

Meta-analysis.

Methods

PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Wanfang Database, CNKI, VIP, and CBM were searched for relevant studies published from inception to October 31, 2023. Stata17.0 software was used to perform the meta-analysis. A random effects model was used to pool the results of the risk of mortality (as hazard ratios, HRs) in older adults and decline in intrinsic capacity. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the quality of studies. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system was used to determine the confidence in the estimated effect of pooled outcomes.

Results

Twelve studies, with a total of 38,531 participants, were included in this meta-analysis. The findings show that older adults with intrinsic capacity decline have a higher risk of mortality (HR = 1.11, 95 % CI 1.08–1.14, I² = 95.9 %, P<0.001) than older adults with normal intrinsic capacity. The pooled HR estimates for the locomotion, vitality, and cognitive dimensions of intrinsic capacity in the prediction of mortality were 0.89 (HR = 0.89, 95%CI 0.83–0.96, I² = 41.3 %, P = 0.146), 0.76 (HR = 0.98, 95 % CI 0.59–0.97, I² = 60.8 %, P = 0.078), and 0.99 (HR = 0.99, 95 % CI 0.98–1.00, I² = 0.0 %, P = 0.664), respectively. The pooled HR estimates of the psychological dimension to predict mortality were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). GRADE evaluations of outcome indicators were of moderate confidence.

Conclusions

Decline in intrinsic capacity is a significant predictor of mortality. Locomotion, vitality, and cognition dimensions can all predict mortality. Clinical personnel should early assess the intrinsic capacity of older adults, focusing on changes in the dimensions of locomotion and vitality, to identify the risk of mortality, avoid adverse health outcomes, and improve the quality of life of older adults.

Review protocol registered in PROSPERO: CRD42023481246

Objective

To evaluate the association between type of menopause (spontaneous or surgical) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Study design

This study was a cross-sectional, observational, and sub-analytical investigation conducted within gynecological consultations across nine Latin American countries.

Method

We assessed sociodemographic, clinical, and anthropometric data, family history of dementia, and the presence of MCI using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) tool.

Results

The study involved 1185 postmenopausal women with a mean age of 55.3 years and a body mass index of 26.4 kg/m². They had an average of 13.3 years of education, and 37 % were homemakers. Three hundred ninety-nine experienced menopause before 40, including 136 with surgical menopause (bilateral oophorectomy). Out of the 786 women who experienced menopause at 40 or more years, 110 did so due to bilateral oophorectomy. There were no differences in MoCA scores among women who experienced menopause before or after the age of 40. However, lower MoCA scores were observed in women with surgical menopause than in those with spontaneous menopause (23.8 ± 4.9 vs. 25.0 ± 4.3 points, respectively, p < 0.001). Our logistic regression model with clustering of patients within countries found a significant association between MCI and surgical menopause (OR 1.47, 95 % CI: 1.01–2.16), use (ever) of menopausal hormone therapy (OR 0.33, 95 % CI: 0.21–0.50), and having >12 years of education (OR 0.21, 95 % CI: 0.14–0.30).

Conclusion

When comparing women who experience spontaneous menopause over the age of 40 with those who undergo it before this age, there was no observed increased risk of developing MCI, while those with surgical menopause, independent of age, are more prone to cognitive decline. Women who have ever used menopausal hormone therapy have a lower MCI risk. Further research is warranted to delve deeper into this topic.

Background

Studies have indicated an association between fibrinogen levels and the prognosis of breast cancer patients. However, fibrinogen levels are notably susceptible to fluctuations due to the menstrual cycle. This study explored the relationship between preoperative plasma fibrinogen levels and the prognosis of postmenopausal breast cancer women after surgery.

Method

855 patients with postmenopausal breast cancer were monitored for 10 years. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to perform univariate and multivariate analyses to identify factors that are of substantial prognostic value.

Results

The median follow-up was 77 months (51–105 months), and the maximum 142 months. Over the follow-up period, 65 deaths (7.6 %) were recorded. Multivariate Cox regression results show that preoperative plasma fibrinogen level (hazard ratio [HR] =1.615, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.233–2.115) and age (HR = 1.626, 95%CI: 1.250–2.116) were independent risk factors for 10-year overall survival after surgery in postmenopausal breast cancer patients, while endocrine therapy (HR = 0.414, 95%CI: 0.202–0.846) was an independent protective factor. Multivariate Cox regression results also show preoperative plasma fibrinogen level was an independent risk factor for 10-year disease-free survival (HR = 1.398, 95 % CI: 1.137–1.719) and 10-year distant metastasis-free survival (HR = 1.436, 95%CI: 1.153–1.787).

Conclusion

Elevated pretreatment plasma fibrinogen levels are associated with a poorer long-term prognosis in postmenopausal breast cancer patients following surgical treatment.

Objective

Hormone therapy (HT) can relieve symptoms of menopause and treat chronic diseases. Its effectiveness in treating psychological symptoms is still debated. Several progestins can be used in HT, but their effects on mood, in particular depressive symptoms, is still unclear. This systematic review evaluates the evidence from randomized clinical trials with postmenopausal women on the effect of adjunctive progestins on symptoms of depression assessed by validated questionnaires. The primary aim was to evaluate scores on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD). The secondary aim was to assess scores on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS).

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to identify the most reliable evidence of the effects of progestin on depression to inform decision-making. A PICO- and PRISMA-based framework was established to formulate explicit and reasoned recommendations. The pre-/post-treatment effect was evaluated using standardized mean change (SMC).

Results

We selected and analyzed 16 randomized clinical trials qualitatively and 12 studies quantitatively out of 9320 items identified. Most of the studies used medroxyprogesterone acetate as progestin. The results indicate that depressive symptoms do not increase with the addition of a progestin to estrogen HT. Depressive symptoms improved over time in the progestins-estrogen HT group, independent of progestin type (SMC CES-D −0.08 CI.95–0.10/−0.06, BDI −0.19 CI.95–0.32/−0.06, HAM-D −1.13 CI.95–1.47/−0.78, and SDS −0.11 CI.95–0.82/0.60). Yet similar effects were observed with estrogens alone and did not significantly differ from control groups on placebo. In one study, the addition of fluoxetine greatly increased the reduction of depressive symptoms observed with estrogen-progestin HT.

Conclusions

In summary, in randomized clinical trials using validated questionnaires adjunctive progestin with estrogens did not increase depressive symptoms of postmenopausal women. Overall, depressive symptoms decreased with estrogen-progestin HT but also with estrogen alone. The decrease was not so pronounced to differ from controls on placebo. HT does not hamper the clinical efficacy of fluoxetine. The scarcity of randomized studies makes it difficult to determine the exact effect on depressive symptoms of different types of progestins.

Project protocol registered in PROSPERO, registration number CRD42023454099.

This investigation explores the complex interplay between menopause and neurodivergence in the workplace, employing thematic analysis of qualitative data from 43 participants across the United Kingdom and the United States. Findings reveal that menopause transitions intensify symptoms of neurodivergence, and can interrupt how women engage with paid work. By shining a light on these under-reported experiences at work, we demonstrate how employers can better support their neurodivergent employees during menopause. Applying the Demand-Control model, this research underscores the necessity for workplaces to adopt more inclusive practices and supportive adaptations that go beyond flexible work and that are focused on pressures faced by neurodivergent women during menopause. Participants were more likely to report a decrease in workplace experiences than work performance in response to the disruptive effects of menopause on neurodiversity. This is an important insight for people managers as experiences of work might be less closely monitored than performance. This study advocates for a unified approach of organisational support for the intersectional effects of menopause and neurodiversity.

Objective

Despite its high prevalence, little information is available on the natural history of pelvic floor dysfunction. We aimed to determine the prevalence, incidence and persistence of pelvic organ prolapse (POP), bowel and urinary symptoms over 6–7 years and its associated factors.

Study design

Women from a midlife cohort in Asia completed baseline and 6–7-year follow-up assessments. Sociodemographic characteristics and health conditions were obtained at baseline using validated questionnaires. Body mass index (BMI) and physical performance were objectively measured.

Main outcome measures

POP, bowel, and urinary dysfunction were measured using the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory Short Form 20 at both timepoints. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze independent associations between baseline risk factors and prevalent, new, and persistent symptoms.

Results

Of the 1201 women enrolled at baseline, 62.3 % had symptoms in at least one domain of pelvic floor dysfunction. Poor sleep, poorer perceived health, and disability were associated with prevalent pelvic floor symptoms, while poor sleep doubled the adjusted risk of incident POP (adjusted odds ratio, aOR: 2.3, 95 % Confidence Interval: 1.4–3.9), bowel (aOR: 2.3, 1.4–3.7) and urinary (aOR: 1.7, 1.1–2.9) symptoms at the 6.6-year follow-up visit. Postmenopausal women had reduced risks of prevalent POP (aOR: 0.5, 0.3–0.7) and urinary symptoms (aOR: 0.4, 0.3–0.6), as well as a reduced risk of developing incident urinary symptoms (aOR: 0.4, 0.2–0.8). Good physical performance scores at baseline reduced the risk of incident bowel symptoms (aOR: 0.5, 0.2–0.9), whereas obesity increased the risks of persistent symptoms.

Conclusion

Poor sleep quality independently predicted incident pelvic floor dysfunction, while poor physical performance was associated with incident bowel symptoms.

Objectives

Despite the profound impact of menopausal symptoms on women, treatment utilization is low, and many seek alternative therapies. The REALISE study aimed to evaluate the treatment landscape – that is, pharmacological treatment, lifestyle changes (LC), and use of over-the-counter (OTC) products – for women from six high-income countries experiencing vasomotor symptoms (VMS) and receiving healthcare.

Study design

Analysis of a secondary dataset, the Adelphi Real World Disease Specific Programme™, a large, cross-sectional, point-in-time survey conducted in the United States and five European countries (February–October 2020). Physicians provided demographic, clinical, and treatment data; women were stratified by VMS severity (mild; moderate-severe) and presence of concomitant sleep/mood symptoms. Women completed forms on VMS severity, concomitant symptoms, LC, and OTC product use. Two subgroups were identified: VMS-only and VMS + sleep/mood.

Main outcome measures

Prescription treatment, LC, and OTC product utilization.

Results

Physicians (n = 233) provided data on 1767 women; 825 (46.7 %) completed a self-completion form. Physicians rated 60 % of women with moderate-severe VMS, of whom 709 (66.8 %) were currently prescribed pharmacological treatment; 27.1 % had never been prescribed. Hormone therapy was most frequently prescribed in the moderate-severe group (overall, 49.8 %; VMS-only, 57.4 %; VMS + sleep/mood, 47.3 %), followed by serotonergic antidepressants (15.7 %; 9.7 %; 17.6 %, respectively). Most women (78.3 %) with moderate-severe VMS adopted LC, and 57.6 % used at least one OTC product for VMS relief.

Conclusions

Nearly a third of women with moderate-severe VMS had never received treatment despite access to healthcare. This, combined with the prevalent use of LC/OTC products, suggests an unmet need for new treatment options to manage VMS and concomitant sleep/mood symptoms.

Objective

The aims of the study are to identify which region of the foot has lower hydration according to age, measure the variation in the level of stratum corneum hydration of the foot across the a wide age range, and examine hydration differences of the foot according to gender.

Study design

A descriptive observational study was conducted to assess stratum corneum hydration of the foot among 504 participants recruited between November 2023 and March 2024.

Main outcomes measures

Stratum corneum hydration assessment was conducted using a Corneometer 825® probe at 10 specific points on the foot. Data on sociodemographic variables, medical history, foot care habits, and hydration-related factors were collected. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS v. 24.0.

Results

Stratum corneum hydration of the foot varied significantly across regions, with higher hydration in the digital zone and lower hydration in the heel. An inverse correlation was found between age and hydration, with younger participants exhibiting higher hydration levels. Women showed higher hydration than men. Differences in hydration were observed between the right and left feet.

Conclusion

This study highlights the importance of localized assessment of foot skin dehydration. Aging significantly affects stratum corneum hydration of the foot. Gender differences in hydration suggest the importance of personalized approaches to skin care. Differential hydration between feet underscores the influence of mechanical load.

Alcohol use disorder stands as a prevalent global issue, contributing to 140,000 annual deaths in the United States and causing numerous adverse health and socioeconomic outcomes. Despite being a natural physiological process, menopause often leads to troublesome symptoms that affect women's quality of life and exposes them to increased health risks. Our review delves into the intricate relationship between alcohol use disorder and the menopausal experience. We examine the impact of heightened alcohol consumption on the onset, severity, and burden of menopausal symptoms, particularly vasomotor symptoms. Additionally, we explore its effects on commonly experienced menopausal symptoms such as mood disturbances, sleep problems, and sexual dysfunction. Considering the chronic health conditions associated with both menopause and alcohol use disorder, our study also investigates the influence of alcohol use disorder on bone density. This is especially important due to the elevated risks and mortality linked to bone mineral density loss in menopausal women.

Objectives

Therapeutic interventions are crucial for perimenopausal women, given the challenging physical and psychological symptoms they face. This study focused on the development and verification of the efficacy of a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) protocol designed specifically for Korean perimenopausal women.

Study design

A CBT protocol for perimenopausal women was newly developed based on theory and evidence. Forty menopausal women were randomly assigned to either the CBT group (n = 19) or treatment-as-usual (TAU) group (n = 21). Participants in the CBT group underwent 60-min weekly sessions for eight weeks. The TAU group received standard care from gynecologists.

Main outcome measures

At baseline and follow-up, participants completed the Menopausal Rating Scale (MRS), World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF), Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), Menopause Emotional Symptom Questionnaire (MESQ), and Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire.

Results

The CBT group showed significant changes in their MRS (F = 4.18, p = .048), WHOQOL-BREF (7.60, 0.009), GAD-7 (4.61, 0.038), PHQ-15 (5.49, 0.025), and MESQ scores (7.19, 0.011) compared to the TAU group. In the CBT group, changes in GAD-7 scores were correlated with PHQ-15 (ρ = 0.57, p < .05), MESQ (0.57, < 0.05), and WHOQOL-BREF scores (−0.53, < 0.05).

Conclusion

CBT prevents the worsening of menopausal and emotional symptoms, anxiety, and quality of life. CBT may have had a therapeutic effect through the following mechanisms: managing anxiety by changing perceptions of menopause through education and training for coping with various menopausal symptoms and improving self-efficacy in symptom management.

Clinical trial registration number

KCT0007517.