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Channel modelling in complex urban environments for testing multipath mitigation methods enhanced by antenna array 用于测试天线阵列增强的多径缓解方法的复杂城市环境信道建模
Pub Date : 2013-04-01 DOI: 10.3233/SC-130007
M. Ait-Ighil, S. Rougerie, J. Lemorton, G. Carrie, G. Artaud, C. Bourga, M. Bousquet
Multipaths are one of the major sources of errors for satellite navigation systems. The goal of this article is to present some advances on propagation channel modelling for GNSS mobile users and to show how GNSS receiving algorithms are sensitive to the modelling of the channel. Two channel characteristics are analysed in the paper: the resolution of the environment level of detail, and the resolution of the channel, meaning the number of significant echoes in the tapped-delay line. Particular focus is made on mitigation techniques using antenna arrays to reject multipath. The influence of the channel model will be then interpreted considering three different types of GNSS receiver algorithms, namely conventional DLL/PLL, beam forming and SAGE/STAP algorithm.
多路径是卫星导航系统误差的主要来源之一。本文的目的是介绍GNSS移动用户在传播信道建模方面的一些进展,并展示GNSS接收算法如何对信道建模敏感。本文分析了两个信道特性:环境细节水平的分辨率和信道分辨率,即分接延迟线中显著回波的数量。特别侧重于使用天线阵列来拒绝多径的缓解技术。然后将考虑三种不同类型的GNSS接收机算法,即传统的DLL/PLL,波束形成和SAGE/STAP算法,来解释信道模型的影响。
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引用次数: 5
Simulation of radio occultation measurements 无线电掩星测量的模拟
Pub Date : 2013-04-01 DOI: 10.3233/SC-130013
H. Benzon, S. Syndergaard
This paper describes a wave propagator that can be used to simulate radio occultation measurements. The wave propagator is used to simulate a number of radio occultations based on European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts ECMWF atmospheric profiles. The output from the wave propagator is used as input to a Full Spectrum Inversion FSI retrieval module, which calculates geophysical parameters. These parameters are compared to the ECMWF atmospheric profiles. We also compare the output from the wave propagator with that of a 3D ray tracer. Such comparisons can be used to reveal system errors and get a better understanding of the physics of the problem and the retrieval errors in the inversion of radio occultation measurements.
本文介绍了一种可用于模拟射电掩星测量的波传播器。基于欧洲中期天气预报中心(ECMWF)的大气剖面图,用波传播器模拟了若干次射电掩星。波传播器的输出用作全谱反演FSI检索模块的输入,该模块计算地球物理参数。这些参数与ECMWF的大气剖面进行了比较。我们还比较了波传播器和3D射线追踪器的输出。这样的比较可以用来揭示系统误差,更好地理解问题的物理性质和反演中的掩星测量的检索误差。
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引用次数: 2
Presentation of the analysis tool for design of onboard reconfigurable antenna for broadband SatCom and broadcast services 介绍了用于宽带卫星通信和广播业务的星载可重构天线设计分析工具
Pub Date : 2013-04-01 DOI: 10.3233/SC-130005
R. Nebuloni, L. Resteghini, C. Riva, M. Luccini, C. Capsoni, A. Martellucci, P. Gabellini
Reconfigurable on-board antenna systems are a potential solution to mitigate the effect of atmospheric fades in broadband SatCom. The on-board power is dynamically shared among the users according to the time and space-varying meteorological conditions in the service area by tuning the antenna radiation pattern. An efficient algorithm of dynamic on-board power allocation is presented here. Preliminary results show the superiority of the adaptive technique over a state-of-the-art fixed antenna system in terms of on-board power reduction to achieve a given service availability target.
可重构星载天线系统是缓解宽带卫星通信中大气衰减影响的一种潜在解决方案。通过调整天线辐射方向图,根据服务区内时变和空变的气象条件,在用户之间动态共享星载功率。提出了一种有效的车载动态功率分配算法。初步结果表明,在降低机载功率以达到给定服务可用性目标方面,自适应技术优于最先进的固定天线系统。
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引用次数: 3
Joint results of long-term earth-space propagation experiments at 20-GHz in Canada and Europe 加拿大和欧洲20千兆赫地球空间长期传播实验联合结果
Pub Date : 2013-04-01 DOI: 10.3233/SC-130004
C. Amaya, T. Nguyen, A. Rocha, J. Riera, A. Benarroch, P. García-del-Pino, J. García-Rubia, G. Carrie, L. Castanet, X. Boulanger
Propagation effects such as rain or clouds attenuation cause deeper fades in the Ka-band than at lower frequencies. In this collaborative paper, the main results of four long-term Ka-band propagation campaigns are presented. The experiments are carried out in Ottawa, Canada; Aveiro, Portugal; Madrid, Spain; and Toulouse, France. Attenuation statistics are derived from satellite beacon data collected over 6 years at Aveiro, 5 years at Ottawa and Madrid and 2 years at Toulouse. Multi-year measurements allow the production of more stable statistics reflecting the long-term behavior of propagation phenomena and to investigate its year-to-year variability. The beacon signal data was monitored and collected on a continuous basis over the whole measurement period. After a brief introduction of the experiments, rain rate and excess attenuation results are discussed, first for a common measurement period and later for the whole database available. Seasonal attenuation statistics for Ottawa and Aveiro are compared. Finally, fade duration and fade slope statistics derived at three locations are presented and discussed.
诸如雨或云衰减等传播效应在ka波段比在较低频率处引起更深的衰减。在这篇合作论文中,介绍了四种长期ka波段传播活动的主要结果。实验在加拿大渥太华进行;威,葡萄牙;马德里,西班牙;以及法国的图卢兹。衰减统计数据来自于在Aveiro收集了6年的卫星信标数据,在渥太华和马德里收集了5年,在图卢兹收集了2年。多年测量可以产生更稳定的统计数据,反映繁殖现象的长期行为,并研究其逐年变化。在整个测量期间连续监测和收集信标信号数据。在简要介绍了实验之后,讨论了降雨率和过量衰减的结果,首先是一个普通的测量周期,然后是整个可用数据库。渥太华和阿威罗的季节性衰减统计数据进行了比较。最后,给出并讨论了三个位置的衰落持续时间和衰落斜率统计。
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引用次数: 5
Rain field generators implemented in a european broadcasting satellite system using an on-board reconfigurable antenna 雨场发生器在欧洲广播卫星系统中使用机载可重构天线实现
Pub Date : 2013-04-01 DOI: 10.3233/SC-130003
C. Capsoni, L. Castanet, P. Gabellini, A. Martellucci, G. Carrie, G. Gallinaro, N. Gatti, N. Jeannin, M. Luccini, L. Luini, R. Nebuloni, A. Paraboni, L. Resteghini, C. Riva
The main objective of the ESA ARTES 5.1 Contract 20887/07/NL/LvH “Verification of Propagation Impairment Mitigation Techniques” with Politecnico di Milano as Prime, ONERA and Space Engineering as subcontractors, was to validate the channel models and related input data appropriate for the design, analysis and/or control phase of Propagation Impairments Mitigation Techniques PIMTs, both for the Broadcasting Satellite Service BSS and the Interactive Multimedia Broadband Service IMMBS. For the BSS scenario, which is the focus of this paper, the On Board Antenna Pattern Reconfiguration OBAPR PIMT is investigated, using as channel models the rain field generators able to provide the spatial distribution of rain across the service area on the basis of large-scale meteorological forecasts. Their performance were tested using either radar data or a large dataset of beacon measurements collected in Europe during the OLYMPUS experiment.
ESA ARTES 5.1合同20887/07/NL/LvH "传播损害缓解技术验证"的主要目标是验证适用于广播卫星业务BSS和交互式多媒体宽带业务imbs的传播损害缓解技术PIMTs的设计、分析和/或控制阶段的信道模型和相关输入数据。该合同由米兰理工大学牵头,ONERA和空间工程公司作为分包商。针对本文重点研究的BSS场景,以能够在大尺度气象预报的基础上提供整个服务区降雨空间分布的雨场发生器为通道模型,研究了机载天线方向图重构OBAPR PIMT。在OLYMPUS实验期间,使用雷达数据或在欧洲收集的大型信标测量数据集对它们的性能进行了测试。
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引用次数: 0
Integration of Fade Mitigation within centrally managed MF-TDMA/DVB-RCS networks 在集中管理的MF-TDMA/DVB-RCS网络中集成衰减缓解
Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/SC-2009-0330
Eleni Noussi, B. Grémont, M. Filip
This paper addresses the integration of a Fade Mitigation Technique FMT within a centrally managed MF-TDMA satellite network in the context of guaranteed QoS delivery. Burst Length Control BLC is introduced as a suitable FMT and the methodology of its design and implementation within the existing DVB-RCS standard is described and simulated. The proposed technique provides compensation for rain attenuation at the expense of capacity utilisation. Within any fixed partition of the MF-TDMA space, by considering the space-time properties of rain attenuation, suitable geographical multiplexing of rain-attenuated and non-attenuated links allows the optimisation of the channel capacity utilisation while still exploiting the statistical multiplexing of the sources on the return channels.
本文讨论了在保证QoS交付的背景下,在集中管理的MF-TDMA卫星网络中集成衰落缓解技术FMT。本文介绍了突发长度控制BLC作为一种合适的FMT,并对其在现有DVB-RCS标准下的设计和实现方法进行了描述和仿真。所建议的技术以牺牲容量利用为代价补偿雨水衰减。在MF-TDMA空间的任何固定分区内,通过考虑雨衰减的时空特性,适当的雨衰减和非雨衰减链路的地理复用可以优化信道容量利用率,同时仍然利用返回信道上的源的统计复用。
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引用次数: 3
New variant of the deployable ring-shaped space antenna reflector 可展开环形空间天线反射器的新改型
Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/SC-2009-0351
E. Medzmariashvili, S. Tserodze, V. Gogilashvili, A. Sarchimelia, K. Chkhikvadze, N. Siradze, N. Tsignadze, M. Sanikidze, M. Nikoladze, G. Datunashvili
Despite that theoretical, design and experimental studies connected with the creation of large deployable antenna reflectors have already been carried out for quite a long time, this area still remains of lively interest and has good application prospects. An example is the program of the European Space Agency ESA on the creation of a qualified variant of a 15 m deployable space offset reflector. It should be said that by the time the ESA adopted a decision on the implementation of this program, a deployable space reflector 7 m in diameter had already been created in Georgia and, in 1999, this space reflector was successfully tested aboard the orbital station “Mir” according to the joint Georgian--Russian program.Georgian Institute for Space Constructions, continues developing new design principles for large space deployable systems Transformable Space and Ground Structures in Russian, A Monograph, Georgia--Germany--Liechtenstein, 1995.In the paper we describe the invention of an absolutely new design of a space antenna for symmetric and nonsymmetric radio telescopes, which has been developed by the team of Georgian designers headed by Professor E. Medzmariashvili.The novelty consists in that new engineering and technological effects we obtained by synthesis of ring-shaped and rib-umbrella type systems.In particular, the central hinge that connects the main levers of the pantograph is arranged asymmetrically. As a result of this asymmetrical arrangement, during deployment the consoles folded along the package longitudinal axis and connecting the adjacent sections move in radial directions from the center to the periphery and, simultaneously, deploy in an umbrella-like manner.
尽管与制造大型可展开天线反射器相关的理论、设计和实验研究已经开展了相当长的时间,但这一领域仍然是人们关注的热点,具有良好的应用前景。一个例子是欧洲空间局(ESA)关于创建一个15米可展开空间偏移反射器的合格改型的计划。应该说,在欧空局通过关于实施该方案的决定时,格鲁吉亚已经制造了一个直径为7米的可展开空间反射器,并于1999年根据格鲁吉亚-俄罗斯联合方案在“和平号”轨道站上成功地进行了测试。格鲁吉亚空间结构研究所,继续为俄罗斯的大型空间可展开系统、可变形空间和地面结构开发新的设计原则,专著,格鲁吉亚-德国-列支敦士登,1995年。在本文中,我们描述了一种全新设计的空间天线的发明,用于对称和非对称射电望远镜,这是由格鲁吉亚的设计师团队由E. Medzmariashvili教授领导的。其新颖之处在于,通过环形和肋伞形系统的综合,获得了新的工程技术效果。特别是,连接受电弓的主要杠杆的中心铰链是不对称的。由于这种不对称的布置,在部署过程中,控制台沿着包的纵轴折叠,并连接相邻的部分,从中心到外围沿径向移动,同时以伞状的方式部署。
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引用次数: 9
A study on SNR estimation algorithms for channel state estimation in Communication Satellite Systems employing Fade Mitigation Techniques 基于衰落抑制技术的通信卫星信道状态估计信噪比估计算法研究
Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/SC-2009-0352
A. Aroumont, L. Castanet, M. Bousquet
Channel state estimation is one of the key processes carried out at the physical layer of Satellite Systems employing Fade Mitigation Techniques such as Adaptive Coding and Modulation ACM. An accurate and reliable channel estimate is needed to fully realize the capacity gains accrued by using ACM. In this paper the SNR estimation algorithms, which perform the role of channel state estimators, are analysed from a system point of view to get a quantitative idea on the number of received symbols needed to get a reliable estimate, and the impact of interference noise on it. A DVB type satellite system has been investigated for the study. An improvement over the Maximum Likelihood ML estimator using Bayesian principles is suggested and illustrated.
信道状态估计是采用自适应编码和调制等消褪技术的卫星系统物理层进行的关键过程之一。为了充分实现使用ACM积累的容量增益,需要准确可靠的信道估计。本文从系统的角度分析了扮演信道状态估计器角色的信噪比估计算法,定量地了解了获得可靠估计所需的接收符号数以及干扰噪声对信噪比估计的影响。以DVB型卫星系统为研究对象。利用贝叶斯原理对最大似然ML估计器进行了改进。
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引用次数: 7
Performance assessment of Fade Mitigation Techniques for the GEOCAST IST project with transparent and OBP architectures 具有透明和OBP架构的GEOCAST IST项目衰减缓解技术的性能评估
Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/SC-2009-0326
L. Castanet, A. Alamañac, M. Bousquet, Laurent Claverotte, R. Gutierrez-Galvan
The objective of this paper is to discuss the issues related to the use of Fade Mitigation Techniques FMT for the GEOCAST satellite system, considering both transparent and regenerative payloads. The main characteristics of the GEOCAST systems are presented first. Baseline link budgets are established both for the transparent return link and for the regenerative configurations. Then the FMTs designed for GEOCAST are presented. Theoretical performance of the FMTs and their practical implementation are described focusing on the FMT control loop design.Finally, simulation results for system performance with emphasis on physical layer, are presented both for transparent and regenerative configurations.
本文的目的是在考虑透明和再生有效载荷的情况下,讨论与GEOCAST卫星系统使用衰减减缓技术FMT相关的问题。首先介绍了GEOCAST系统的主要特点。为透明返回链路和再生配置建立基线链路预算。然后介绍了为GEOCAST设计的fmt。介绍了FMT的理论性能和实际应用,重点介绍了FMT控制回路的设计。最后,以物理层为重点,给出了透明配置和再生配置下系统性能的仿真结果。
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引用次数: 4
The ANASTASIA project: A contribution to the definition of a future aeronautical communication system ANASTASIA项目:对未来航空通信系统定义的贡献
Pub Date : 2008-08-01 DOI: 10.3233/SC-2008-0348
J. Catros, Aleister Smith, P. King
Project objectives: The core of ANASTASIA (Airborne New Advanced Satellite Techniques & Technologies in a System Integrated Approach) research is to provide on-board Communication, Navigation and Surveillance (CNS) solutions to cope with the foreseen doubling of air traffic by 2020. ANASTASIA will carry out research of future technology and system architectures for navigation, resulting in the development of a new generation of airborne Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers for all phases of flight. Such systems will offer accurate and safe global navigation while reducing avionics cost through the optimisation of the number and complexity of on board equipment. On the communication side, work will concentrate on the design and implementation of a prototype Satcom system that will meet the evolving European Air Traffic Management (ATM) requirements. Research will also be made into higher bandwidth services, systems and airborne equipment to efficiently meet long term future aircraft communication requirements, including both ATM and passenger needs. The future needs of Surveillance will be consolidated with the requirements and key technology tests from Communications and Navigation. Expected results: The main goal of ANASTASIA is to pave the way for the introduction of new satellite-based technologies into aircraft operations in both Navigation and Communications. The main outcome of ANASTASIA will be recommendations for future civil aircraft operation and a set of evaluated technologies and avionics architectures achievable from 2010 that will enable more autonomous, satellite-based aircraft operation. Paper focus: After a general description of the rationale of the project and of its global CNS objectives, the focus is made in this paper on the communication side where more detailed objectives and initial results are presented.
项目目标:ANASTASIA(机载新型先进卫星技术与系统集成方法)研究的核心是提供机载通信、导航和监视(CNS)解决方案,以应对预计到2020年空中交通量翻倍的情况。ANASTASIA将开展未来导航技术和系统架构的研究,从而开发新一代机载全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)接收机,用于飞行的所有阶段。这种系统将提供准确和安全的全球导航,同时通过优化机载设备的数量和复杂性来降低航空电子设备的成本。在通信方面,工作将集中于设计和实现一个原型卫星通信系统,该系统将满足不断发展的欧洲空中交通管理(ATM)要求。还将研究更高带宽的服务、系统和机载设备,以有效地满足未来飞机通信的长期需求,包括ATM和乘客的需求。未来的监视需求将与通信和导航的需求和关键技术测试相结合。预期结果:ANASTASIA的主要目标是为在导航和通信方面将新的卫星技术引入飞机操作铺平道路。ANASTASIA的主要成果将是对未来民用飞机运行的建议,以及从2010年开始可实现的一套评估技术和航空电子架构,这将使更多的自主、基于卫星的飞机运行。论文重点:在对项目的基本原理及其全球CNS目标进行一般描述后,本文将重点放在沟通方面,其中提出了更详细的目标和初步结果。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Space Communications
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