Physician and Sportsmedicine最新文献

Objectives: Females participate in clinical research at a much lower rate than males, leading to clinical outcome disparities. The objective of this study was to determine whether gender-based disparities exist in orthopedic sports medicine injury research on NCAA college student-athletes.

Methods: A PubMed search was conducted in September 2023 using the search terms 'NCAA,' 'injury,' and each of the 24 individual NCAA sports between 1980 and 2023. Statistical analysis was performed via determination of adjusted correlation coefficient R² and multiple linear regression models. Gender was the independent variable, number of studies was the dependent variable.

Results: Of 1,553 studies initially identified, 790 met inclusion criteria and underwent full-text review. Of NCAA studies that assessed injury rates (injury rate studies) and those that evaluated other outcomes such as performance (non-injury rate studies), 468 of 790 (59%) discussed male collegiate athletes and 318 (40%) discussed females. For females, there was a negative association between athlete-exposure rate and injury rate studies (expected decrease of 0.31 studies per 100,000 athlete-exposures) and between athlete-exposure rate and non-injury rate studies (decrease of 0.007). For males, there was a positive association for each (increase of 1.15 and 1.96). Injury rates were positively associated with injury rate study numbers for both males and females (increase of 3.71). There was no significant relationship between injury rates and non-injury rate study numbers for either gender.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates gender disparities in orthopedic sports medicine injury research for collegiate athletes. There was a negative association between athlete-exposure rate and injury rate or non-injury rate studies for female NCAA athletes, but a positive association for males.

Clinical relevance: It is important to ensure that sports medicine research is focused on both male and female NCAA athletes to be able to evaluate injuries, outcomes, and opportunities for injury prevention.

Objectives: This study investigated the epidemiology of injury among players at the Iran Sitting Volleyball Super League 2023-2024.

Methods: A total of 56 athletes from 6 teams, representing 47% of all athletes in the Super League, took part in this study. Injury data were obtained retrospectively through one-by-one interview sessions and a questionnaire.

Results: A total of 80 injuries were reported in 30 athletes at the Iran Sitting Volleyball (SV) Professional League. The injury proportion (IP) (%) of all athletes who sustained an injury during the League was 53.6%, with an overall incidence of 16.2 injuries per 1000 athlete days (95% CI 12.7 to 19.8). There was a significantly higher incidence of injury during the competition period (33.5 (95% CI 16.5 to 50.4)) compared with the pre-competition period (14.5 (95% CI 11.0 to 18.0); IR:2.31 (95% CI 1.3 to 4.0); p < 0.01). There were no significant differences between post and age groups concerning injury rate in the overall period. The injuries incurred are mostly re-injuries, and the anatomical areas of the fingers, wrist, and shoulder are at the most risk for injury.

Conclusion: This study provides important baseline data for medical staff and coaches, aiding in better preparation for long-term competitions and improving injury prevention programs for this sport.

Objectives: Only two small, prior studies ascertained psychiatric treatment preferences for athletes among sports psychiatrists. This study aims to build upon and update those results by describing comprehensive psychiatric treatment preferences and rationales for those preferences, across competitive levels of athletes, among practicing sports psychiatrists.

Methods: In 2024, organizations with large concentrations of sports psychiatrists were provided an invitation regarding an anonymous, web-based survey on psychiatric treatment preferences in working with athletes with mental health symptoms and disorders.

Results: Seventy-five respondents who identified as psychiatrists or psychiatrists in training and who had treated athlete-patients within the past 3 years completed the survey. Top choices of psychiatric medications for athletes included bupropion for depression without anxiety; escitalopram for depression with anxiety, generalized anxiety disorder, and social anxiety disorder; sertraline for obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder; melatonin for insomnia; methylphenidate extended release osmotic-controlled release oral delivery system for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; aripiprazole for bipolar spectrum disorder (manic/hypomanic phase); lamotrigine for bipolar spectrum disorder (depressive and maintenance/prophylaxis phases); and aripiprazole for psychotic disorders. Regarding side effects, respondents reported being most concerned about sedation/somnolence, weight gain, and reduction in performance. The majority of respondents indicated they order a variety of medical evaluations at least as often or more often with athletes compared to non-athletes. The first choice of psychotherapy setting was individual psychotherapy, followed by family therapy, and then a tie between couples therapy and group therapy. The preferred type of psychotherapy was cognitive behavioral therapy followed by a tie among behavioral therapy, dialectical behavioral therapy, and mindfulness.

Conclusion: Sports psychiatrists tend to prefer medications that are relatively more energizing and less likely to cause weight gain. They undertake medical evaluations for their athlete-patients with relatively great frequency. Their preferred psychotherapy types are skills-based and can be completed within relatively short time-frames.

Objectives: There are complex relationships between hormonal fluctuations associated with the menstrual cycle and various health and sports performance aspects. This study aimed to determine to what extent different menstrual cycle phases associated with a change in error scores in jumping and cutting movements, flexibility, and knee joint laxity values in female athletes.

Methods: Participants were evaluated in the menstruation and ovulation phases of the menstrual cycle. Blood tests were performed from venous blood drawn between 8:00 and 8:30 am, after 12 hours of fasting. LH, FSH, estrogen, and progesterone hormone tests were conducted once during the menstruation phase and once during the ovulation phase. Landing Error Scoring System (LESS), Cutting Movement Assessment Score (CMAS), flexibility, and laxity were taken on the participants. The t-test and the Wilcoxon test were applied to analyze continuous variables. The McNemar test was used to examine categorical variables. The study was completed with 22 female athletes aged 20.45 ± 0.54 years. Participants comprised volleyball (n = 14, 63.6%) and handball (n = 8, 36.4%) athletes. Mean height 167.82 ± 1.52 cm, body weight 56.11 ± 1.43 kg, BMI 19.88 ± 0.33 kg/m², menarche age 12,95 ± 1,21 menstruation duration 5,77 ± 0,75 (range: 4-7) days, menstrual cycle length was 29,32 ± 2,91 (range: 23-35) days, and the number of menstrual cycles in a year is 12,09 ± 0,25 (range: 10-15).

Results: As a result of the study, estradiol, LH, progesterone, and both knees' laxity values showed a statistically significant increase in the ovulation phase (p < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed between the phases in the flexibility test (p > 0.05). When the results of LESS and CMAS were examined, it was found that participants' total error scores and risk categories did not show a statistically significant difference between the phases (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: LESS and CMAS analyses can be conducted and evaluated in both phases of the menstrual cycle, as it has been observed that the analyses yielded similar results in both phases.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the 50 most-cited publications relating to snowboarding and conduct a bibliometric analysis of the identified studies.

Methods: Clarivate Analytics Web of Science database was queried to identify all publication titles, abstracts, and keywords related to snowboarding. The resulting articles were sorted by total number of citations. Titles and abstracts were included based on their relevance to snowboarding. Once the 50 most cited articles were identified, each article was further analyzed to obtain author name, publication year, country of origin, journal name, article type, research topic, competition level, total number of citations, and the level of evidence. Citation density (total number of citations/years since publication) was calculated and recorded for each of the most-cited studies.

Results: The 50 most-cited articles were cited 4,123 times with an average of 82.5 citations per article. The most cited article was cited 212 times. The majority of articles came from 2 different countries, with the United States and Canada contributing 18 and 10 articles, respectively. The American Journal of Sports Medicine published the most articles (n = 11). The most studied topic was injury distribution (n = 25) followed by head injuries (n = 8). Recreational snowboarding was the most studied level of competition (n = 43).

Conclusions: The 50 most-cited articles related to snowboarding are predominantly cohort and review studies from the United States and Canada, focusing on recreational athletes. These articles primarily detail the total anatomic distribution of snowboard-related injuries, particularly head injuries and concussions.

Objectives: An emerging body of research reveals a heightened risk of gambling problems among elite athletes, particularly among males, but these studies often suffer from small sample sizes and lack diverse representation across sports and groups. This study aimed to investigate gambling problems and their correlates among elite male and female ice hockey players in Sweden's top leagues.

Methods: During the labor union's on-site visits to Swedish ice hockey clubs in the top two tiers for males and the top tier for females, a web-based survey was conducted. Players were screened for gambling problems using the Problem Gambling Severity Index, and for depression, anxiety, and hazardous drinking using other standardized instruments. Estimated study participation was 75-80%.

Results: Among male athletes, 12% met the criteria for moderate-risk or problem gambling, while none of the females met this threshold. Approximately 24% of male and 2% of female participants reported any degree of at-risk gambling. In males, gambling problems were strongly associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms and with hazardous alcohol consumption.

Conclusion: Gambling problems are 3-4 times more prevalent among elite male ice hockey players compared to young men in the general population. The authors discuss the associated mental health consequences, vulnerability to match-fixing-related fraud, and the need for preventive measures and easy access to treatment.

Objectives: Electric biking (E-bike) is a growing recreation and transportation mode often linked to high-impact injuries. This study aimed to identify the age and sex-specific distribution and primary mechanisms of E-bike-related injuries in the US.

Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) was queried for E-bike-related injuries present to US Emergency Department (Eds) from 1 January 2013-31 December 2022. Each narrative was reviewed to exclude injuries not sustained while directly operating an E-bike. Injuries that occurred while riding regular bikes, mopeds, or motorized vehicles that were not E-bikes were also excluded. Patient demographics, injured body part, diagnosis, and disposition were recorded. NEISS narratives were assessed to identify injury mechanisms. Annual injury trends were evaluated by exponential regression and case weighting was completed, all using SPSS statistical software.

Results: A total of 45,845 nationally estimated (NE) E-bike-related injuries (1,049 NEISS Cases) presented to US EDs from 2013 to 2022. Exponential regression revealed a significant increase in annual injuries across the study period (p = 0.047). The frequency of injuries remained steady prior to 2019, with a 90.9% increase from 2019 (NE: 2,171) to 2022 (NE: 23749) (p = 0.005). Hospitalization was required for 10.9% of patients following E-bike-related injury, with hospitalization most frequently occurring through fracture (51.2%) and concussion (29.9%). The most injured body part for the youth, middle school, and high school age groups was the head, whereas for the college, young adult, and adult group was the finger. Lastly, 30% of injuries associated with E-biking had motor vehicle involvement.

Conclusion: The rate of E-bike-related injuries has risen significantly over the last decade, including a large increase post-COVID. Falls causing fractures were the most frequent injury type for both sexes. Greater than 10% of patients required hospital admission. The high rate of vehicle-induced collisions emphasizes the need for additional regulations and legislation to protect E-bikers.

Objectives: To assess for gender disparity among invited moderators and speakers at two major sports medicine conferences in Japan.

Methods: The moderators and invited speakers of the Japanese Society of Clinical Sports Medicine (JSCSM) (2008-2023) and the Japanese Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (JOSSM) (2007-2023) were categorized by gender. Gender was determined by searching the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare physician website and then confirmed using a Google search. Fisher's exact tests were used to evaluate the gender distribution. Cochran-Armitage trend tests were used to evaluate changes in gender distribution over time.

Results: In the past 17 years, neither JSCSM or JOSSM had a woman moderator or speaker in Program Chair's lectures. Between 2018 and 2023, the number of women moderators (n = 59) at JSCSM conference was 1.41% of the total women members (n = 4177), which is significantly lower than 2.22% men moderators (n = 544) out of total men membership (n = 24397), (p < .001). Between 2007 and 2023, the number of women moderators (n = 28) at JOSSM was 1.82% of the total women members (n = 1536), which is significantly lower than 5.91% men who were moderators (n = 1809) out of the total membership of men (n = 30595), (p < 0.001). Since 2008, there was an 11.4% increase in women moderators at JSCSM conferences (1.9% in 2008 to 13.3% in 2023, p-value for trend < 0.001), with a more modest increase of 2.3% at JOSSM conferences (0% in 2007 to 2.3% in 2023, p-value for trend < 0.001). There were similar increases in women invited speakers for JSCSM (14.1% in 2008 to 16.9% in 2023, p-value for trend = 0.001) and for JOSSM (1.2% in 2007 to 3.7% in 2023, p-value for trend = 0.04).

Conclusion: Although both Japanese orthopedic sports medical societies showed increasing trends in the percentage of women in prominent speaking roles, women speakers and moderators are still rare at the Japanese sports conferences.

Objective: Given the rising participation in high school athletics and the concerning trend of underreporting concussions, this study aims to identify and compare factors influencing sports-related concussion (SRC) awareness and reporting among youth athletes to their parents.'

Methods: Surveys were completed by 239 student-athletes (ages 13-19) and their parents, using a modified Rosenbaum Concussion Knowledge and Attitudes Survey-Student Version (RoCKAS-ST) and demographic questionnaires. Statistical analyses, including paired sample t-tests, ANOVAs, and Spearman's correlations, compared knowledge and attitudes between groups and examined demographic influences.

Results: Parents showed significantly higher concussion knowledge (CKI: t(230) = 5.18, p < .001) and safer attitudes (CAI: t(230) = 10.62, p < .001) than their children. Knowledge scores varied significantly by race and socioeconomic status, with White parents scoring higher than Hispanic and African American parents (F(3,224) = 8.97, p < .001). Child knowledge scores also differed by race (F(4,223) = 3.73, p = .006) and correlated positively with parental education (r = .22, p < .001). Notably, a history of concussion significantly increased child knowledge (t(229) = -2.99, p = .002) but did not affect parental knowledge or attitudes.

Conclusions: The findings highlight a critical gap in concussion knowledge and attitudes between parents and children, indicating the need for targeted educational interventions. While parents are generally more knowledgeable, variations based on race and socioeconomic status suggest disparities in access to concussion education. The study emphasizes the importance of involving both athletes and parents in educational initiatives to foster a comprehensive understanding of SRCs. Recommendations include developing culturally and socioeconomically tailored programs to enhance reporting behaviors and improve concussion management practices among young athletes.