Pub Date : 2024-07-28DOI: 10.1177/14732254241264917
Yannick van den Brink
{"title":"Inequality in Youth Justice: A Call for Global Action","authors":"Yannick van den Brink","doi":"10.1177/14732254241264917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14732254241264917","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":513128,"journal":{"name":"Youth Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1177/14732254241260603
Matthew M. Morgan, Shannon Dodd
Young First Nations Australians typically distrust and are reluctant to cooperate with the police. This article discusses data from a pilot intervention programme regarding First Nations young people’s involvement in car theft and joyriding. We conducted seven in-depth interviews with young Australians – most of whom identified as First Nations Australians – and six key community stakeholders who helped to deliver the programme. Our findings indicate that both sample groups held negative and distrusting perceptions of the police which, for the young people, were often precipitated by perceived discriminatory and procedurally unjust encounters with the police. We argue that heavy-handed and discriminatory policing of young First Nations Australians may perpetuate youth offending and joyriding behaviours among this group. The article argues that the police should adopt more community-oriented policing approaches to build trust with young First Nations Australians.
{"title":"Joyriding Among Young First Nations Australians: Assessing Police Trust and Confidence Through the Lens of Youth and Key Stakeholders","authors":"Matthew M. Morgan, Shannon Dodd","doi":"10.1177/14732254241260603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14732254241260603","url":null,"abstract":"Young First Nations Australians typically distrust and are reluctant to cooperate with the police. This article discusses data from a pilot intervention programme regarding First Nations young people’s involvement in car theft and joyriding. We conducted seven in-depth interviews with young Australians – most of whom identified as First Nations Australians – and six key community stakeholders who helped to deliver the programme. Our findings indicate that both sample groups held negative and distrusting perceptions of the police which, for the young people, were often precipitated by perceived discriminatory and procedurally unjust encounters with the police. We argue that heavy-handed and discriminatory policing of young First Nations Australians may perpetuate youth offending and joyriding behaviours among this group. The article argues that the police should adopt more community-oriented policing approaches to build trust with young First Nations Australians.","PeriodicalId":513128,"journal":{"name":"Youth Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141810982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.1177/14732254241257379
Emily K. Pelletier
Juvenile justice systems across the United States have a common history of rehabilitative ideals and federally required due process protections; however, each state maintains goals for its juvenile justice system specific to that state. The goals stated in the purpose clauses of the states’ juvenile justice codes offer an evaluative opportunity to determine whether the policies, programs, and practices within the juvenile justice system are congruent with the statutory goals. The qualitative thematic analysis of state purpose clauses presented in this study reveals goals beyond the traditional conceptualizations of a rehabilitative juvenile justice system and constitutional due process protections. The multiple, overlapping goals of each state’s juvenile justice system invites stakeholders to conduct evaluations to determine the alignment of each state’s goals with the structure of its juvenile justice system.
{"title":"US Juvenile Justice Purpose Clauses: Themes and Evaluation Opportunities","authors":"Emily K. Pelletier","doi":"10.1177/14732254241257379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14732254241257379","url":null,"abstract":"Juvenile justice systems across the United States have a common history of rehabilitative ideals and federally required due process protections; however, each state maintains goals for its juvenile justice system specific to that state. The goals stated in the purpose clauses of the states’ juvenile justice codes offer an evaluative opportunity to determine whether the policies, programs, and practices within the juvenile justice system are congruent with the statutory goals. The qualitative thematic analysis of state purpose clauses presented in this study reveals goals beyond the traditional conceptualizations of a rehabilitative juvenile justice system and constitutional due process protections. The multiple, overlapping goals of each state’s juvenile justice system invites stakeholders to conduct evaluations to determine the alignment of each state’s goals with the structure of its juvenile justice system.","PeriodicalId":513128,"journal":{"name":"Youth Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141267425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.1177/14732254241248619
Julissa O. Muñiz, Frederique Corcoran, Mariah Camper, Samuel Gruber, J. M. Eddy, Danielle Dallaire
When COVID-19 first hit the United States, juvenile correctional facilities across the country discontinued all in-person activities including family visits. Correctional facilities across the country were among the last institutions to reopen their doors for in-person activities given the heightened risk of rapid spread. Drawing on data gathered in February and March 2022, this study examined the state of family visitation policies and COVID-19 safety responses adopted by juvenile correctional facilities, as reported on websites, including information on the different types of contact allowed; COVID-19 safety protocols and practices; availability of information on COVID-19 infection and vaccination rates; and the overall timeliness, consistency, and comprehensiveness of the information available to families with incarcerated minor children. Our findings highlight just how untimely, inconsistent, and incomprehensive information and policies were across jurisdictions, sometimes with little to no stated explanation for their decision-making. We argue that juvenile correctional facilities should take a family-focused approach when developing and disseminating policies that impact the lives of incarcerated youth and their families, especially in times of global uncertainty.
{"title":"COVID-19 and Family Visits: A Systematic Jurisdiction Analysis of Family Visitation and Safety Policies in Juvenile Correctional Facilities in the United States","authors":"Julissa O. Muñiz, Frederique Corcoran, Mariah Camper, Samuel Gruber, J. M. Eddy, Danielle Dallaire","doi":"10.1177/14732254241248619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14732254241248619","url":null,"abstract":"When COVID-19 first hit the United States, juvenile correctional facilities across the country discontinued all in-person activities including family visits. Correctional facilities across the country were among the last institutions to reopen their doors for in-person activities given the heightened risk of rapid spread. Drawing on data gathered in February and March 2022, this study examined the state of family visitation policies and COVID-19 safety responses adopted by juvenile correctional facilities, as reported on websites, including information on the different types of contact allowed; COVID-19 safety protocols and practices; availability of information on COVID-19 infection and vaccination rates; and the overall timeliness, consistency, and comprehensiveness of the information available to families with incarcerated minor children. Our findings highlight just how untimely, inconsistent, and incomprehensive information and policies were across jurisdictions, sometimes with little to no stated explanation for their decision-making. We argue that juvenile correctional facilities should take a family-focused approach when developing and disseminating policies that impact the lives of incarcerated youth and their families, especially in times of global uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":513128,"journal":{"name":"Youth Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140993419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-08DOI: 10.1177/14732254241239016
Ann-Karina Henriksen, T. Bengtsson, Theresa Dyrvig Henriksen
International research on youth justice systems has highlighted diversion as a key element in early crime prevention and deterrence. In Denmark, a youth justice reform was introduced in 2019 that restructured how the justice system responds to children and youths who are suspected or convicted of a crime. With the introduction of a Youth Crime Board (YCB) and a Youth Probation Service (YPS), the new reform aims to increase the speed and intensity of system responses to offences committed by children and youths. Based on legislation, policy papers, hearings on the new reform and the first evaluations of the reform, we analyse three key elements: the YCB, the sanctions and the YPS. We find that the 2019 youth justice reform constitutes an ambiguous system of youth justice with elements of diversion and punishment, and we argue that the reform integrates punitive elements into the delivery of treatment and support.
{"title":"Crime Prevention, Support or Punishment? Introducing an Ambiguous System of Youth Justice in Denmark","authors":"Ann-Karina Henriksen, T. Bengtsson, Theresa Dyrvig Henriksen","doi":"10.1177/14732254241239016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14732254241239016","url":null,"abstract":"International research on youth justice systems has highlighted diversion as a key element in early crime prevention and deterrence. In Denmark, a youth justice reform was introduced in 2019 that restructured how the justice system responds to children and youths who are suspected or convicted of a crime. With the introduction of a Youth Crime Board (YCB) and a Youth Probation Service (YPS), the new reform aims to increase the speed and intensity of system responses to offences committed by children and youths. Based on legislation, policy papers, hearings on the new reform and the first evaluations of the reform, we analyse three key elements: the YCB, the sanctions and the YPS. We find that the 2019 youth justice reform constitutes an ambiguous system of youth justice with elements of diversion and punishment, and we argue that the reform integrates punitive elements into the delivery of treatment and support.","PeriodicalId":513128,"journal":{"name":"Youth Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140730575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-22DOI: 10.1177/14732254241238515
Ann Skelton
{"title":"Children’s Rights to Access to Justice and Remedy: Recent Developments","authors":"Ann Skelton","doi":"10.1177/14732254241238515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14732254241238515","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":513128,"journal":{"name":"Youth Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140216628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1177/14732254241237189
Daniella Bendo, Christine Goodwin-De Faria, Caitlin Baruth, Madison Moore
Despite the overrepresentation of youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) in the youth criminal justice system, little is known about their experiences. Drawing on interviews with defense counsel and crown attorneys, we examine how Canada’s Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA) guides the work of justice professionals and the extent to which this legislation responds to youth with IDD. Findings provide insight into some of the realities and challenges justice professionals face in their role. We consider how gaps between the YCJA and its application in practice may be addressed for youth with IDD in the youth criminal justice system.
{"title":"Difficult ‘By Design’: Viewpoints of Crown Attorneys and Defense Counsel Working With Youth With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities in the Youth Justice System","authors":"Daniella Bendo, Christine Goodwin-De Faria, Caitlin Baruth, Madison Moore","doi":"10.1177/14732254241237189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14732254241237189","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the overrepresentation of youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) in the youth criminal justice system, little is known about their experiences. Drawing on interviews with defense counsel and crown attorneys, we examine how Canada’s Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA) guides the work of justice professionals and the extent to which this legislation responds to youth with IDD. Findings provide insight into some of the realities and challenges justice professionals face in their role. We consider how gaps between the YCJA and its application in practice may be addressed for youth with IDD in the youth criminal justice system.","PeriodicalId":513128,"journal":{"name":"Youth Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140232880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-17DOI: 10.1177/14732254241239028
Bernd Dollinger
Rap is a music genre that is as dynamic and internationally successful as it is extensively discredited. This contribution begins here by focusing on the perception of young rap fans and asking what meaning they attach to rap specifically with regard to the criminality of gangstas. The empirical basis for the analyses is an ethnographic study with young rap fans in Germany. The results show that rappers as gangstas have a high identification potential for the young people – but not in every case. Rappers have to be authentic and show the young people possibilities to find ways out of disadvantaged and discriminating living conditions, if necessary with the help of crime. To appear credible in this respect, gangstas must rap about actual crimes and communicate experiences with which the young people, for their part, are familiar.
{"title":"The Good, the Bad, and the Narrative: How Youth Experience the ‘Gangsta’ in Rap Music","authors":"Bernd Dollinger","doi":"10.1177/14732254241239028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14732254241239028","url":null,"abstract":"Rap is a music genre that is as dynamic and internationally successful as it is extensively discredited. This contribution begins here by focusing on the perception of young rap fans and asking what meaning they attach to rap specifically with regard to the criminality of gangstas. The empirical basis for the analyses is an ethnographic study with young rap fans in Germany. The results show that rappers as gangstas have a high identification potential for the young people – but not in every case. Rappers have to be authentic and show the young people possibilities to find ways out of disadvantaged and discriminating living conditions, if necessary with the help of crime. To appear credible in this respect, gangstas must rap about actual crimes and communicate experiences with which the young people, for their part, are familiar.","PeriodicalId":513128,"journal":{"name":"Youth Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140235366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-16DOI: 10.1177/14732254241237198
John Frederick, Bernadette Saunders, Gaye T. Lansdell
This article presents findings from a scoping review of qualitative grey literature regarding children’s and families’ perspectives and understanding of Children’s Court criminal processes in which they are participants. Many children and families had difficulty understanding court proceedings, particularly formal and legal language, and fully appreciating the significant implications of decisions for their future lives. Professional support was often inconsistent and unreliable. One area where positive processes were experienced was in alternative courts, especially Indigenous courts. The findings support previous research and international law that recommends greater involvement of children and families in court processes to achieve fairer and better outcomes.
{"title":"Children’s and Families’ Perspectives and Understanding of Children’s Court Criminal Processes and Consequences: A Scoping Review of Qualitative Grey Literature","authors":"John Frederick, Bernadette Saunders, Gaye T. Lansdell","doi":"10.1177/14732254241237198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14732254241237198","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents findings from a scoping review of qualitative grey literature regarding children’s and families’ perspectives and understanding of Children’s Court criminal processes in which they are participants. Many children and families had difficulty understanding court proceedings, particularly formal and legal language, and fully appreciating the significant implications of decisions for their future lives. Professional support was often inconsistent and unreliable. One area where positive processes were experienced was in alternative courts, especially Indigenous courts. The findings support previous research and international law that recommends greater involvement of children and families in court processes to achieve fairer and better outcomes.","PeriodicalId":513128,"journal":{"name":"Youth Justice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140235845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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