Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1190/int-2023-0629-fe.1
Sumit Verma, V. Egorov
{"title":"“Tools, techniques, and tutorials” section in Interpretation","authors":"Sumit Verma, V. Egorov","doi":"10.1190/int-2023-0629-fe.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1190/int-2023-0629-fe.1","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p> </jats:p>","PeriodicalId":51318,"journal":{"name":"Interpretation-A Journal of Subsurface Characterization","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47584721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Port Isabel passive margin foldbelt covers 17,000 km2 of the northwestern, deepwater U.S. Gulf of Mexico (GOM). Seven oil exploration wells were drilled in the area from 1996 to 2007, yielding a single, uncommercial gas discovery. The 5-7 km thick Oligo-Miocene section prevented drilling from penetrating the underlying Paleogene and Mesozoic source rocks. Accommodation space for the Oligo-Miocene section was created by the collapse of a paleo-salt wall, leading to linked fault systems in the upper decollement to the west. We used 13 exploration wells to construct 1D and map-based 2D basin models to investigate the burial and thermal history of three inferred source rock horizons (Paleogene, Turonian, and Tithonian). We interpreted a 2D seismic data grid tied to four wells to constrain stratigraphic depths and thicknesses, younger and shallower Wilcox source rock horizons, and interpreted Jurassic and Cretaceous source rock horizons. Our results show vitrinite reflectance as a proxy for the thermal stress levels reached by the source rocks combined with maps of hydrocarbon charge access. We conclude that all three source rock intervals reached varying degrees of maturity and expelled hydrocarbons in late Paleogene to mid-Neogene and likely continue expelling hydrocarbons to the present-day at a reduced rate. The deposition of the Oligocene and Middle Miocene sedimentary section buried the underlying source intervals and likely brought them into the gas/condensate window at present-day. Our mapping of the seismic grid revealed four-way structural closures, three-way stratigraphic traps, and salt truncation structures associated with amplitude anomalies which may support our predictions for maturity in the underlying source rocks. Thermal stress maps predict source rocks have matured. There arises a need to investigate the hydrocarbon migration model, including assessing charge access for each well. The timing of late trap formation and early hydrocarbon charge remains a risk factor.
{"title":"Regional source rock thermal stress modeling and map-based charge access modeling of the Port Isabel passive margin foldbelt, northwestern Gulf of Mexico","authors":"M. N. Bugti, Paul Mann","doi":"10.1190/int-2023-0004.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1190/int-2023-0004.1","url":null,"abstract":"The Port Isabel passive margin foldbelt covers 17,000 km2 of the northwestern, deepwater U.S. Gulf of Mexico (GOM). Seven oil exploration wells were drilled in the area from 1996 to 2007, yielding a single, uncommercial gas discovery. The 5-7 km thick Oligo-Miocene section prevented drilling from penetrating the underlying Paleogene and Mesozoic source rocks. Accommodation space for the Oligo-Miocene section was created by the collapse of a paleo-salt wall, leading to linked fault systems in the upper decollement to the west. We used 13 exploration wells to construct 1D and map-based 2D basin models to investigate the burial and thermal history of three inferred source rock horizons (Paleogene, Turonian, and Tithonian). We interpreted a 2D seismic data grid tied to four wells to constrain stratigraphic depths and thicknesses, younger and shallower Wilcox source rock horizons, and interpreted Jurassic and Cretaceous source rock horizons. Our results show vitrinite reflectance as a proxy for the thermal stress levels reached by the source rocks combined with maps of hydrocarbon charge access. We conclude that all three source rock intervals reached varying degrees of maturity and expelled hydrocarbons in late Paleogene to mid-Neogene and likely continue expelling hydrocarbons to the present-day at a reduced rate. The deposition of the Oligocene and Middle Miocene sedimentary section buried the underlying source intervals and likely brought them into the gas/condensate window at present-day. Our mapping of the seismic grid revealed four-way structural closures, three-way stratigraphic traps, and salt truncation structures associated with amplitude anomalies which may support our predictions for maturity in the underlying source rocks. Thermal stress maps predict source rocks have matured. There arises a need to investigate the hydrocarbon migration model, including assessing charge access for each well. The timing of late trap formation and early hydrocarbon charge remains a risk factor.","PeriodicalId":51318,"journal":{"name":"Interpretation-A Journal of Subsurface Characterization","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41667008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CIVIL LIBERTIES ....................................................................................................................766 COURTS AND JUDGES ............................................................................................................766 CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND SOCIAL CONTROL ............................................................................766 ISSUES IN RESEARCH ON LAW AND BEHAVIOR ........................................................................767 JUDGE LEARNED HAND .........................................................................................................767 LAW AND CAREGIVING .........................................................................................................767 LAW AND CONTRACT ...........................................................................................................768 LAW AND FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS .........................................................................................768 LAW AND GENDER ................................................................................................................769 LAW AND GLOBALIZATION ....................................................................................................769 LAW AND GOVERNANCE .......................................................................................................769 LAW AND IMMIGRATION ........................................................................................................769 LAW AND INDIGENOUS PEOPLES .............................................................................................770 LAW AND PROPERTY .............................................................................................................770 LAW AND SEXUALITY ............................................................................................................770 LAW AND SURVEILLANCE ......................................................................................................771 LAW AND TECHNOLOGY ........................................................................................................771 LAW AND THE WORKPLACE ...................................................................................................771 LEGAL EDUCATION ...............................................................................................................771 SOCIOLEGAL THEORY ............................................................................................................772
{"title":"Book Notes","authors":"Civil Liberties, E. Debs","doi":"10.1111/lsi.12039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/lsi.12039","url":null,"abstract":"CIVIL LIBERTIES ....................................................................................................................766 COURTS AND JUDGES ............................................................................................................766 CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND SOCIAL CONTROL ............................................................................766 ISSUES IN RESEARCH ON LAW AND BEHAVIOR ........................................................................767 JUDGE LEARNED HAND .........................................................................................................767 LAW AND CAREGIVING .........................................................................................................767 LAW AND CONTRACT ...........................................................................................................768 LAW AND FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS .........................................................................................768 LAW AND GENDER ................................................................................................................769 LAW AND GLOBALIZATION ....................................................................................................769 LAW AND GOVERNANCE .......................................................................................................769 LAW AND IMMIGRATION ........................................................................................................769 LAW AND INDIGENOUS PEOPLES .............................................................................................770 LAW AND PROPERTY .............................................................................................................770 LAW AND SEXUALITY ............................................................................................................770 LAW AND SURVEILLANCE ......................................................................................................771 LAW AND TECHNOLOGY ........................................................................................................771 LAW AND THE WORKPLACE ...................................................................................................771 LEGAL EDUCATION ...............................................................................................................771 SOCIOLEGAL THEORY ............................................................................................................772","PeriodicalId":51318,"journal":{"name":"Interpretation-A Journal of Subsurface Characterization","volume":"77 1","pages":"304 - 306"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/lsi.12039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46651989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frank Male, R. Dommisse, Livia Sivila, S. Hamlin, E. Goodman
What do the best horizontal wells in the Midland Basin Spraberry and Wolfcamp tight oil plays have in common? What differentiates them from less productive wells? In this study, we address these questions with data assembled from a high-resolution geomodel and public and vendor-sourced completions data. From 10,064 tight oil horizontal wells, 101 (1%) of the most productive wells by first-year oil production and 101 of the most productive wells by length-normalized first-year production are selected. We compare the completion, spacing, and petrophysical, landing, and fluid properties between the most productive wells and others. Among the discoveries, we find that Wolfcamp A wells are more likely to be in the top 1%, especially those drilled in the carbonate-poor rock. Average hydrocarbon-filled pore volume and oil formation factors still led to high-performing wells. High pressure is an important consideration for Wolfcamp B top producers. All of the best oil producers have low producing gas-oil ratios. The top 1% of wells are usually the first well in the pad to be completed, and they come from above-average pads. The top 30% of completions led to the top 1% of wells more often than extremely intense completions. Operators can apply these results to the further development of the Midland Basin. Specifically, they can prioritize development areas in Wolfcamp A with low carbonate abundance and save costs by not implementing extremely intense completions.
{"title":"Properties of High-Performing Horizontal Wells in the Midland Basin","authors":"Frank Male, R. Dommisse, Livia Sivila, S. Hamlin, E. Goodman","doi":"10.1190/int-2022-0105.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1190/int-2022-0105.1","url":null,"abstract":"What do the best horizontal wells in the Midland Basin Spraberry and Wolfcamp tight oil plays have in common? What differentiates them from less productive wells? In this study, we address these questions with data assembled from a high-resolution geomodel and public and vendor-sourced completions data. From 10,064 tight oil horizontal wells, 101 (1%) of the most productive wells by first-year oil production and 101 of the most productive wells by length-normalized first-year production are selected. We compare the completion, spacing, and petrophysical, landing, and fluid properties between the most productive wells and others. Among the discoveries, we find that Wolfcamp A wells are more likely to be in the top 1%, especially those drilled in the carbonate-poor rock. Average hydrocarbon-filled pore volume and oil formation factors still led to high-performing wells. High pressure is an important consideration for Wolfcamp B top producers. All of the best oil producers have low producing gas-oil ratios. The top 1% of wells are usually the first well in the pad to be completed, and they come from above-average pads. The top 30% of completions led to the top 1% of wells more often than extremely intense completions. Operators can apply these results to the further development of the Midland Basin. Specifically, they can prioritize development areas in Wolfcamp A with low carbonate abundance and save costs by not implementing extremely intense completions.","PeriodicalId":51318,"journal":{"name":"Interpretation-A Journal of Subsurface Characterization","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48935903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hu Xinhai, Lu Minghui, Cao Hong, Yang Zhifang, Song Jianyong
The shale oil reservoir of Chang 7 member, Yanchang Formation in Ordos basin has shown great potential. They are highly heterogeneous and relatively thin sand body interbedded with mudstone and siltstone. This proposes the demand for accurate and high-resolution inversion data. We propose a workflow to plan the horizontal well path with seismic interpretation. Basic interpretation is conducted, which included well tie, horizon interpretation, and fault interpretation. A time-to-depth conversion workflow based on full waveform inversion, is proposed to gain the precise seismic and inversion data. The velocity model of FWI shows more high wavenumber variations that reflect thin and localized geological features than that of conventional migration velocity analysis. The geological statistical inversion is applied to get the high-resolution reservoir models for the thin layers beyond the seismic resolution. A comprehensive index is computed with the inverted parameters to reflect the quality of reservoir and identify the sweet-spots. We define the coordinates, direction and length of horizontal section on the sweet-spot maps. After that, the sections of seismic and inversion data along the paths are extracted to define the depth of the paths. In the study, the optimal paths are close to the centerline of target oil sand layers. The effectiveness of the workflow was verified by the application practice in Qingcheng oil field, Ordos Basin.
{"title":"Horizontal Well Path Design with Seismic Inversion for a Shale Oil Reservoir in the Ordos Basin, China","authors":"Hu Xinhai, Lu Minghui, Cao Hong, Yang Zhifang, Song Jianyong","doi":"10.1190/int-2022-0107.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1190/int-2022-0107.1","url":null,"abstract":"The shale oil reservoir of Chang 7 member, Yanchang Formation in Ordos basin has shown great potential. They are highly heterogeneous and relatively thin sand body interbedded with mudstone and siltstone. This proposes the demand for accurate and high-resolution inversion data. We propose a workflow to plan the horizontal well path with seismic interpretation. Basic interpretation is conducted, which included well tie, horizon interpretation, and fault interpretation. A time-to-depth conversion workflow based on full waveform inversion, is proposed to gain the precise seismic and inversion data. The velocity model of FWI shows more high wavenumber variations that reflect thin and localized geological features than that of conventional migration velocity analysis. The geological statistical inversion is applied to get the high-resolution reservoir models for the thin layers beyond the seismic resolution. A comprehensive index is computed with the inverted parameters to reflect the quality of reservoir and identify the sweet-spots. We define the coordinates, direction and length of horizontal section on the sweet-spot maps. After that, the sections of seismic and inversion data along the paths are extracted to define the depth of the paths. In the study, the optimal paths are close to the centerline of target oil sand layers. The effectiveness of the workflow was verified by the application practice in Qingcheng oil field, Ordos Basin.","PeriodicalId":51318,"journal":{"name":"Interpretation-A Journal of Subsurface Characterization","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48066546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Detailed quantification of basin-wide hydrocarbon (HC) masses from generation to production is necessary for a quantitative petroleum system analysis, and ultimately, for accurate resource estimation. Such quantified HC masses must be balanced following the fundamental laws of mass conservation. Mass balance is particularly important for unconventional-conventional petroleum systems in which expulsion efficiency (EE) is a critical parameter defining HCs in place, within the source rock (SR) interval and outside. This study performs an HC mass balance assessment aiming primarily to obtain insights on the remaining recoverable and EE, applied to the Wolfcamp Formation (Fm) in the Permian Delaware Basin. Calculated generated HC volumes from the Wolfcamp Fm based on the assumed 3D geologic model and p90/50/10 SR properties are 878/2107/4514 billion barrels of oil equivalent (BBOE). The mass balance is performed with three calculation scenarios: (1) inversion of EE (based on the United States Geological Survey [USGS]-estimated remaining recoverable HC in the Wolfcamp Fm), (2) forward calculation with multiple assumed EE, and (3) HC expulsion simulation. The mass balance with the inversion of EE indicates that the p90/50/10 of 58%/62%/69% overall EE is required for the Wolfcamp Fm to achieve the USGS-estimated remaining recoverable HC of 35/78/140 BBOE. Both mass balance with forward calculation and expulsion simulation predict overall lower p90/50/10 EE of 50% and 30%/56%/75%, respectively, thus resulting in higher than the USGS-estimated remaining recoverable HC in the Wolfcamp Fm in most scenarios. All of the mass balance calculations are also consistent with the interpretation of Wolfcamp unconventional play as a self-sourced play. This workflow is an efficient tool for taking a quantitative look at the petroleum system, especially related to the possibilities of generated HC distribution in the system. The calculated mass balance can serve as a reference in modeling unconventional systems and resources.
{"title":"Mass balance of generation, retention, and production for the Wolfcamp-sourced hydrocarbon in the Permian Delaware Basin: Insight on remaining recoverable resource and expulsion efficiency","authors":"A. Baskoro, A. Yu, E. Grossman","doi":"10.1190/int-2022-0119.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1190/int-2022-0119.1","url":null,"abstract":"Detailed quantification of basin-wide hydrocarbon (HC) masses from generation to production is necessary for a quantitative petroleum system analysis, and ultimately, for accurate resource estimation. Such quantified HC masses must be balanced following the fundamental laws of mass conservation. Mass balance is particularly important for unconventional-conventional petroleum systems in which expulsion efficiency (EE) is a critical parameter defining HCs in place, within the source rock (SR) interval and outside. This study performs an HC mass balance assessment aiming primarily to obtain insights on the remaining recoverable and EE, applied to the Wolfcamp Formation (Fm) in the Permian Delaware Basin. Calculated generated HC volumes from the Wolfcamp Fm based on the assumed 3D geologic model and p90/50/10 SR properties are 878/2107/4514 billion barrels of oil equivalent (BBOE). The mass balance is performed with three calculation scenarios: (1) inversion of EE (based on the United States Geological Survey [USGS]-estimated remaining recoverable HC in the Wolfcamp Fm), (2) forward calculation with multiple assumed EE, and (3) HC expulsion simulation. The mass balance with the inversion of EE indicates that the p90/50/10 of 58%/62%/69% overall EE is required for the Wolfcamp Fm to achieve the USGS-estimated remaining recoverable HC of 35/78/140 BBOE. Both mass balance with forward calculation and expulsion simulation predict overall lower p90/50/10 EE of 50% and 30%/56%/75%, respectively, thus resulting in higher than the USGS-estimated remaining recoverable HC in the Wolfcamp Fm in most scenarios. All of the mass balance calculations are also consistent with the interpretation of Wolfcamp unconventional play as a self-sourced play. This workflow is an efficient tool for taking a quantitative look at the petroleum system, especially related to the possibilities of generated HC distribution in the system. The calculated mass balance can serve as a reference in modeling unconventional systems and resources.","PeriodicalId":51318,"journal":{"name":"Interpretation-A Journal of Subsurface Characterization","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46465305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pore pressure plays a critical role in improving drilling safety and exploring hydrocarbons. It is well known that the prediction of pore pressure is mainly based on P-wave velocity or acoustic transit time. However, due to the influence of various factors on P-wave velocity, it may not be sensitive enough to the perturbations of effective stress, which results in inaccurate pore pressure prediction results. To solve this issue, we perform a specialized analysis of rock physics data and find that S-wave velocity is more sensitive to the perturbations in effective stress than P-wave velocity. Therefore, in this study, we propose a new pore pressure prediction method based on shear waves to predict pore pressure more accurately. In order to obtain the normal compaction trend (NCT) required by the proposed method, an anisotropic rock physics model of mudstone is first constructed, and normal compaction porosity is added to the rock physics model. The difference between the obtained NCT and the measured S-wave velocity is then utilized for predicting pore pressure through the proposed method. In practical data application, the pore pressure predicted by the proposed method is highly consistent with the measured pore pressure points, which proves the advantages of S-wave velocity in predicting pore pressure.
{"title":"Pore pressure prediction using S-wave velocity based on rock physics modeling","authors":"Shuailong Cheng, Z. Zong, Yu Chen, Yaming Yang","doi":"10.1190/int-2022-0088.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1190/int-2022-0088.1","url":null,"abstract":"Pore pressure plays a critical role in improving drilling safety and exploring hydrocarbons. It is well known that the prediction of pore pressure is mainly based on P-wave velocity or acoustic transit time. However, due to the influence of various factors on P-wave velocity, it may not be sensitive enough to the perturbations of effective stress, which results in inaccurate pore pressure prediction results. To solve this issue, we perform a specialized analysis of rock physics data and find that S-wave velocity is more sensitive to the perturbations in effective stress than P-wave velocity. Therefore, in this study, we propose a new pore pressure prediction method based on shear waves to predict pore pressure more accurately. In order to obtain the normal compaction trend (NCT) required by the proposed method, an anisotropic rock physics model of mudstone is first constructed, and normal compaction porosity is added to the rock physics model. The difference between the obtained NCT and the measured S-wave velocity is then utilized for predicting pore pressure through the proposed method. In practical data application, the pore pressure predicted by the proposed method is highly consistent with the measured pore pressure points, which proves the advantages of S-wave velocity in predicting pore pressure.","PeriodicalId":51318,"journal":{"name":"Interpretation-A Journal of Subsurface Characterization","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42692284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-12DOI: 10.1177/00209643231166698
Helen Rhee
ILLNESS, PAIN, AND HEALTH CARE IN EARLY CHRISTIANITY by Helen Rhee. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans Publishing, 2022. 367 pages. Hardcover; $49.99. ISBN: 9780802876843. *"The practice of medicine is an art, not a trade; a calling, not a business; a calling in which your heart will be exercised equally with your head." --William Osler (1849-1919) *Helen Rhee, professor of the History of Christianity at Westmont College, has encapsulated this famous saying in her recent book, Illness, Pain, and Health Care in Early Christianity by demonstrating how partially objective medicine as an early science co-evolved with subjective religious thought throughout early Greek, Roman, and Christian history. Indeed, even today, a patient's pursuit of relief from suffering often involves the clinical science of medicine occurring arm-in-arm with spiritual care. Such examples include use of hospital chaplains, visitation and assistance from members of a congregation, and personal prayer. This book is comprehensive in nature and academic in tone, and Rhee has found some fascinating continuing threads of healthcare occurring in these aspects of Western civilization. *The book begins with general ideas of illness in all three cultures. Greek culture considered the importance of the Hippocratic ideas such as humoralism (defined as various body fluids and their effect on human illness) as well as prioritizing an individual's health to be a societal priority. The emphasis placed on one's individual health inherently makes sense when one considers Greek culture's lack of modern medicine, the absence of understanding public health, the high mortality rate of pregnant women and young infants, and the constant presence of death in their society (pp. 1, 2). A Greek athlete was considered the exemplar of health with the expectation that their health attributes, like all humans, would decline over time. *Roman ideas followed, led by Galen, in which each part of the body was defined simply by its usefulness and its ability to work together in concordance with every body part to make up a healthy human. Thus, Galen believed that all human function descended from a divine design; this was in sharp contrast to the ideas of Epicurus who believed nature's design had random underpinnings. This early philosophical debate involving Roman medicine still continues almost 2,000 years later with regard to a potential purpose versus a lack of purpose in biological evolution. Typically, suggestions for changes in diet and exercise were the main Roman recommendations in the setting of illness, in that medicine and public health would not be viable study areas for many centuries. The author brings up the stark reality of terrible sanitation in ancient Rome which exacerbated many of the infectious pandemics. In fact, pandemics often were considered a part of divine punishment possibly for unknown sins. We can consider the parallels of pandemics of our time, such as those associated with HIV/AIDS or C
{"title":"Major Review: Illness, Pain, and Health Care in Early Christianity","authors":"Helen Rhee","doi":"10.1177/00209643231166698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00209643231166698","url":null,"abstract":"ILLNESS, PAIN, AND HEALTH CARE IN EARLY CHRISTIANITY by Helen Rhee. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans Publishing, 2022. 367 pages. Hardcover; $49.99. ISBN: 9780802876843. *\"The practice of medicine is an art, not a trade; a calling, not a business; a calling in which your heart will be exercised equally with your head.\" --William Osler (1849-1919) *Helen Rhee, professor of the History of Christianity at Westmont College, has encapsulated this famous saying in her recent book, Illness, Pain, and Health Care in Early Christianity by demonstrating how partially objective medicine as an early science co-evolved with subjective religious thought throughout early Greek, Roman, and Christian history. Indeed, even today, a patient's pursuit of relief from suffering often involves the clinical science of medicine occurring arm-in-arm with spiritual care. Such examples include use of hospital chaplains, visitation and assistance from members of a congregation, and personal prayer. This book is comprehensive in nature and academic in tone, and Rhee has found some fascinating continuing threads of healthcare occurring in these aspects of Western civilization. *The book begins with general ideas of illness in all three cultures. Greek culture considered the importance of the Hippocratic ideas such as humoralism (defined as various body fluids and their effect on human illness) as well as prioritizing an individual's health to be a societal priority. The emphasis placed on one's individual health inherently makes sense when one considers Greek culture's lack of modern medicine, the absence of understanding public health, the high mortality rate of pregnant women and young infants, and the constant presence of death in their society (pp. 1, 2). A Greek athlete was considered the exemplar of health with the expectation that their health attributes, like all humans, would decline over time. *Roman ideas followed, led by Galen, in which each part of the body was defined simply by its usefulness and its ability to work together in concordance with every body part to make up a healthy human. Thus, Galen believed that all human function descended from a divine design; this was in sharp contrast to the ideas of Epicurus who believed nature's design had random underpinnings. This early philosophical debate involving Roman medicine still continues almost 2,000 years later with regard to a potential purpose versus a lack of purpose in biological evolution. Typically, suggestions for changes in diet and exercise were the main Roman recommendations in the setting of illness, in that medicine and public health would not be viable study areas for many centuries. The author brings up the stark reality of terrible sanitation in ancient Rome which exacerbated many of the infectious pandemics. In fact, pandemics often were considered a part of divine punishment possibly for unknown sins. We can consider the parallels of pandemics of our time, such as those associated with HIV/AIDS or C","PeriodicalId":51318,"journal":{"name":"Interpretation-A Journal of Subsurface Characterization","volume":"77 1","pages":"278 - 280"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46441248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-12DOI: 10.1177/00209643231166698a
J. Green
With Commentaries already published on Matthew, John, the Acts of the Apostles, Romans, 1–2 Corinthians, Galatians, and Revelation, Keener now places us further in his debt with this fresh examination of 1 Peter. As readers make their way through this hefty book, those who have sampled Keener’s previous interpretive work will find themselves in familiar territory. He brings the same socio-cultural-historical sensibilities to this volume that we have learned to associate with his work more generally. Given the range of commentaries and commentary series available today, the question naturally arises: What kind of commentary is this? For Keener, clearly, the craft of commentary writing centers squarely on locating and grasping a work like 1 Peter in its literary-historical world. Indeed, the index of “ancient sources”—Old Testament apocrypha and pseudepigrapha, Dead Sea Scrolls, Josephus and Philo, mishnaic and Talmudic literature and other rabbinic writings, works from the early church, books discovered at Nag Hammadi, and a wide-ranging collection of other Greek and Latin sources—runs over sixty pages, and references to these sources are distributed across the commentary on almost every page.
{"title":"Major Review: 1 Peter: A Commentary","authors":"J. Green","doi":"10.1177/00209643231166698a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00209643231166698a","url":null,"abstract":"With Commentaries already published on Matthew, John, the Acts of the Apostles, Romans, 1–2 Corinthians, Galatians, and Revelation, Keener now places us further in his debt with this fresh examination of 1 Peter. As readers make their way through this hefty book, those who have sampled Keener’s previous interpretive work will find themselves in familiar territory. He brings the same socio-cultural-historical sensibilities to this volume that we have learned to associate with his work more generally. Given the range of commentaries and commentary series available today, the question naturally arises: What kind of commentary is this? For Keener, clearly, the craft of commentary writing centers squarely on locating and grasping a work like 1 Peter in its literary-historical world. Indeed, the index of “ancient sources”—Old Testament apocrypha and pseudepigrapha, Dead Sea Scrolls, Josephus and Philo, mishnaic and Talmudic literature and other rabbinic writings, works from the early church, books discovered at Nag Hammadi, and a wide-ranging collection of other Greek and Latin sources—runs over sixty pages, and references to these sources are distributed across the commentary on almost every page.","PeriodicalId":51318,"journal":{"name":"Interpretation-A Journal of Subsurface Characterization","volume":"77 1","pages":"281 - 282"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49013420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-12DOI: 10.1177/00209643231166698c
D. Torbett
{"title":"Major Review: Bad Faith: Race and the Rise of the Religious Right","authors":"D. Torbett","doi":"10.1177/00209643231166698c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00209643231166698c","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51318,"journal":{"name":"Interpretation-A Journal of Subsurface Characterization","volume":"77 1","pages":"283 - 285"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46776015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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