Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.07
O. Burdo, S. Terziev, I. Sirotyuk, V.A. Slavinskaya, M.L. Sit
The aim of this work is the utilization of the secondary steam energy through its thermal transformation in electrodynamic dehydrators developed by the authors. To achieve this goal, the use of heat pumps is proposed. A hypothesis is formulated that the use of electromagnetic energy sources in the process of removing moisture from food solutions, followed by the transformation of secondary steam energy, will allow for the formation of reverse energy flows. A method for calculating energy efficiency in the presence of direct and reverse flows is presented. Multistage dehydrators, where electrodynamic systems are used at the final stage and heat pumps at the previous stages, are analyzed. It is shown that the formation of reverse flows significantly increases the overall energy efficiency. The use of an electrodynamic apparatus at the final stage solves the problems of obtaining a highly concentrated quality solution. The application of heat pumps at the remaining stages allows for the efficient use of secondary steam energy. The most significant result is the matching schemes of heat pumps with the dehydrator and the environment. The importance of the work lies in the substantiation and confirmation of the high energy efficiency of organizing reverse energy flows, and the proposed installation with combined systems — electrodynamic and heat pump. By calculation, the modes have been established in which the overall efficiency for two-stage apparatuses with heat pumps can be increased from 0.4 to 0.6, and for four-stage dehydrators from 0.4 to 0.8.
{"title":"Multistage Electrodynamic Dehydrator with Heat Pumps","authors":"O. Burdo, S. Terziev, I. Sirotyuk, V.A. Slavinskaya, M.L. Sit","doi":"10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.07","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is the utilization of the secondary steam energy through its thermal transformation in electrodynamic dehydrators developed by the authors. To achieve this goal, the use of heat pumps is proposed. A hypothesis is formulated that the use of electromagnetic energy sources in the process of removing moisture from food solutions, followed by the transformation of secondary steam energy, will allow for the formation of reverse energy flows. A method for calculating energy efficiency in the presence of direct and reverse flows is presented. Multistage dehydrators, where electrodynamic systems are used at the final stage and heat pumps at the previous stages, are analyzed. It is shown that the formation of reverse flows significantly increases the overall energy efficiency. The use of an electrodynamic apparatus at the final stage solves the problems of obtaining a highly concentrated quality solution. The application of heat pumps at the remaining stages allows for the efficient use of secondary steam energy. The most significant result is the matching schemes of heat pumps with the dehydrator and the environment. The importance of the work lies in the substantiation and confirmation of the high energy efficiency of organizing reverse energy flows, and the proposed installation with combined systems — electrodynamic and heat pump. By calculation, the modes have been established in which the overall efficiency for two-stage apparatuses with heat pumps can be increased from 0.4 to 0.6, and for four-stage dehydrators from 0.4 to 0.8.","PeriodicalId":513446,"journal":{"name":"Problems of the Regional Energetics","volume":"2 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141841465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.02
A. Filimonova, A. Vlasova, A. Chichirov, R. F. Kamalieva
The work is devoted to the problem of water purification during the flowering of phytoplankton, as well as during salvo pollution by industrial effluents. Anthropogenic load significantly reduc-es the efficiency of purification according to the current technology, therefore, additional post-treatment methods must be used to obtain purified water of the required quality. The purpose of this article is to substantiate the choice of a sorbent within the framework of the considered wa-ter treatment technology, as well as to determine the optimal effective dosage of its dosing. This goal is achieved by implementing the following tasks: analysis of powdered sorption materials used in water treatment technology, selection of an effective dose and entry point of the selected sorption material based on experimental studies, analysis of the results obtained and develop-ment of technical solutions for the organization of a hybrid purification plant. The most im-portant results are: determination of the optimal dose of coal pulp and the frequency of dosing to maintain the required quality of purified water, determination of key water quality indicators affected by treatment with activated carbon. The achievement of these results made it possible to determine the main technological features of the water purification method and determine the possibility of combining it with other purification technologies. The significance of the results obtained lies in the fact that new technical solutions have been proposed to improve the effi-ciency of water treatment facilities during a period of drastic changes in water quality in a water source.
{"title":"Hybrid Technology of Water Purification Based on the Method of Dosing Sorption Material for Water Treatment Systems of Thermal Power Plants and Water Supply","authors":"A. Filimonova, A. Vlasova, A. Chichirov, R. F. Kamalieva","doi":"10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.02","url":null,"abstract":"The work is devoted to the problem of water purification during the flowering of phytoplankton, as well as during salvo pollution by industrial effluents. Anthropogenic load significantly reduc-es the efficiency of purification according to the current technology, therefore, additional post-treatment methods must be used to obtain purified water of the required quality. The purpose of this article is to substantiate the choice of a sorbent within the framework of the considered wa-ter treatment technology, as well as to determine the optimal effective dosage of its dosing. This goal is achieved by implementing the following tasks: analysis of powdered sorption materials used in water treatment technology, selection of an effective dose and entry point of the selected sorption material based on experimental studies, analysis of the results obtained and develop-ment of technical solutions for the organization of a hybrid purification plant. The most im-portant results are: determination of the optimal dose of coal pulp and the frequency of dosing to maintain the required quality of purified water, determination of key water quality indicators affected by treatment with activated carbon. The achievement of these results made it possible to determine the main technological features of the water purification method and determine the possibility of combining it with other purification technologies. The significance of the results obtained lies in the fact that new technical solutions have been proposed to improve the effi-ciency of water treatment facilities during a period of drastic changes in water quality in a water source.","PeriodicalId":513446,"journal":{"name":"Problems of the Regional Energetics","volume":"46 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141849752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.01
B. Kuznetsov, A. Kutsenko, T. Nikitina, I. Bovdui, K. Chunikhin, O. Voloshko
The purpose of the work is a theoretical and experimental study of the effectiveness of combined shielding, including active and passive shielding using a continuous screen, of the magnetic field generated by single-circuit power lines with a triangular arrangement of wires inside multi-storey buildings. To achieve this goal, the structure of the combined screen has been determined, which consists of a double-circuit active and a U-shaped solid passive part and is characterized by increased efficiency in reducing the level of the industrial frequency magnetic field. Designing a combined screen comes down to solving a minimax vector optimization problem, in which the vector objective function is calculated based on solutions to Maxwell's equations in a quasi-stationary approximation using the COMSOL Multiphysics software package. The most important results are the values of the coordinates of the spatial location of two compensation windings, the magnitude of currents and their phases in these windings of the active shielding system, as well as the parameters of the U-shaped continuous passive screen, which made it possible to increase the efficiency of shielding the magnetic field generated by single-circuit lines, calculated during the design of the combined screen. Power transmission with a triangular arrangement of wires inside multi-storey buildings. The significance of the results obtained is that practical recommendations are given for the reasonable choice of the spatial arrangement of two shielding windings of a robust active shielding system and the parameters of a Ushaped continuous passive shield of combined shielding of the magnetic field generated by singlecircuit overhead power lines inside multi-storey buildings.
这项工作的目的是通过理论和实验研究组合屏蔽（包括使用连续屏蔽的主动屏蔽和被动屏蔽）对多层建筑内导线呈三角形排列的单回路电力线产生的磁场的有效性。为实现这一目标，确定了组合屏蔽的结构，它由双回路有源部分和 U 型固体无源部分组成，其特点是提高了降低工频磁场水平的效率。设计组合滤波器需要解决一个最小矢量优化问题，其中的矢量目标函数是根据 COMSOL Multiphysics 软件包对麦克斯韦方程的准静态近似解计算得出的。最重要的结果是两个补偿绕组的空间位置坐标值、主动屏蔽系统这些绕组中的电流大小及其相位，以及在设计组合屏蔽时计算出的 U 型连续无源屏蔽的参数，该屏蔽可提高屏蔽单回路线路产生的磁场的效率。在多层建筑内使用三角形排列的导线进行电力传输。所获结果的意义在于，为合理选择坚固的主动屏蔽系统的两个屏蔽绕组的空间布局和多层建筑内部单回路架空输电线所产生磁场的组合屏蔽 U 型连续被动屏蔽的参数提供了实用建议。
{"title":"Reducing the Magnetic Field Level of Single-Circuit Overhead Power Lines in Multi-Storey Buildings by Means of Active and Passive Shielding","authors":"B. Kuznetsov, A. Kutsenko, T. Nikitina, I. Bovdui, K. Chunikhin, O. Voloshko","doi":"10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.01","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the work is a theoretical and experimental study of the effectiveness of combined shielding, including active and passive shielding using a continuous screen, of the magnetic field generated by single-circuit power lines with a triangular arrangement of wires inside multi-storey buildings. To achieve this goal, the structure of the combined screen has been determined, which consists of a double-circuit active and a U-shaped solid passive part and is characterized by increased efficiency in reducing the level of the industrial frequency magnetic field. Designing a combined screen comes down to solving a minimax vector optimization problem, in which the vector objective function is calculated based on solutions to Maxwell's equations in a quasi-stationary approximation using the COMSOL Multiphysics software package. The most important results are the values of the coordinates of the spatial location of two compensation windings, the magnitude of currents and their phases in these windings of the active shielding system, as well as the parameters of the U-shaped continuous passive screen, which made it possible to increase the efficiency of shielding the magnetic field generated by single-circuit lines, calculated during the design of the combined screen. Power transmission with a triangular arrangement of wires inside multi-storey buildings. The significance of the results obtained is that practical recommendations are given for the reasonable choice of the spatial arrangement of two shielding windings of a robust active shielding system and the parameters of a Ushaped continuous passive shield of combined shielding of the magnetic field generated by singlecircuit overhead power lines inside multi-storey buildings.","PeriodicalId":513446,"journal":{"name":"Problems of the Regional Energetics","volume":"498 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141852214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.08
O. Sotnikov, V. Sivak, Ya. Pavlov, S. Нashenko, T. Borysenko, D. Torianyk
The purpose of the article is to substantiate the possibility of selecting objects in the image generated by the technical vision system of an unmanned aerial vehicle by using structural and geometric features. This goal is achieved based on the analysis of the distribution of fractal dimension, which characterizes the structural properties of images, taking into account the object content, and the size of the area of the selection object. The solution to the first problem is based on the formation of histograms of fractal dimension depending on the number of objects in the image and identifying the features by which the object is selected. The solution to the second problem is based on developing an approach to reducing the object content of images by making it noisy. The noise parameters at which signs of object selection appear in the histograms of the distribution of fractal dimensions are determined. The range of fractal dimension defined. The solution to the third problem is based on specifying the selection object by its area. The most significant result is the identified values of fractal dimension ranges depending on the object content of the image, as well as experimentally established noise parameters to identify the necessary features in histograms of fractal dimensions. The significance of the work lies in solving the problem of selecting a reference object on images of heterogeneous object composition. This made it possible to significantly reduce the computational complexity of selecting objects in images.
{"title":"Selection of the Binding Object on the Current Image Formed by the Technical Vision System Using Structural and Geometric Features","authors":"O. Sotnikov, V. Sivak, Ya. Pavlov, S. Нashenko, T. Borysenko, D. Torianyk","doi":"10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.08","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is to substantiate the possibility of selecting objects in the image generated by the technical vision system of an unmanned aerial vehicle by using structural and geometric features. This goal is achieved based on the analysis of the distribution of fractal dimension, which characterizes the structural properties of images, taking into account the object content, and the size of the area of the selection object. The solution to the first problem is based on the formation of histograms of fractal dimension depending on the number of objects in the image and identifying the features by which the object is selected. The solution to the second problem is based on developing an approach to reducing the object content of images by making it noisy. The noise parameters at which signs of object selection appear in the histograms of the distribution of fractal dimensions are determined. The range of fractal dimension defined. The solution to the third problem is based on specifying the selection object by its area. The most significant result is the identified values of fractal dimension ranges depending on the object content of the image, as well as experimentally established noise parameters to identify the necessary features in histograms of fractal dimensions. The significance of the work lies in solving the problem of selecting a reference object on images of heterogeneous object composition. This made it possible to significantly reduce the computational complexity of selecting objects in images.","PeriodicalId":513446,"journal":{"name":"Problems of the Regional Energetics","volume":"102 s4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141842657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.14
V. Kovalenko, O. Zhuravel, V. Strizhak, S. Iglin, M. Strizhak
The aim of this study is to determine the functional dependence for the calculation of the re-quired power of the electric motor of the traveling mechanism of the overhead traveling crane on the load capacity and span. The set aim is achieved by solving the following problems: figur-ing out how to calculate the power of the electric motor of the overhead traveling crane mecha-nism by the traditional methodology; selecting constants known from the initial data and varia-bles that require additional calculation; collecting and arranging statistical data - values of varia-bles for overhead cranes of different spans and load capacities; determining regression equa-tions based on statistical data - functions of two variables from the load capacity and span; sub-stituting the equations for the power of the overhead traveling crane mechanism from the load capacity and span. In the process of solving the set tasks, it was found that the greatest difficulty is the determination of static resistance and crane mass. Traditional calculation of these parame-ters requires the use of additional reference data and making design decisions of high responsi-bility. When searching for regression equations, the cubic model is-used, which provides high accuracy and does not overload the equation with summands. The most important result is the derivation of the final expression for determining the motor power as a function of two varia-bles - load capacity and span. The importance of the obtained results is that the proposed meth-od of calculation significantly reduces the time for the selection of the electric motor in the de-sign of a new crane, because there is no need to calculate or select additional parameters that are included in the traditional calculation. The proposed regularity is easier to integrate into comput-er-aided design systems. Since the calculation was based on statistical data of cranes manufac-tured and successfully operating, the probability of erroneous calculation is practically excluded.
{"title":"Calculation of the Required Power of Electric Motors for Overhead Crane Movement Mechanisms Using the Statistical Method","authors":"V. Kovalenko, O. Zhuravel, V. Strizhak, S. Iglin, M. Strizhak","doi":"10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.14","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to determine the functional dependence for the calculation of the re-quired power of the electric motor of the traveling mechanism of the overhead traveling crane on the load capacity and span. The set aim is achieved by solving the following problems: figur-ing out how to calculate the power of the electric motor of the overhead traveling crane mecha-nism by the traditional methodology; selecting constants known from the initial data and varia-bles that require additional calculation; collecting and arranging statistical data - values of varia-bles for overhead cranes of different spans and load capacities; determining regression equa-tions based on statistical data - functions of two variables from the load capacity and span; sub-stituting the equations for the power of the overhead traveling crane mechanism from the load capacity and span. In the process of solving the set tasks, it was found that the greatest difficulty is the determination of static resistance and crane mass. Traditional calculation of these parame-ters requires the use of additional reference data and making design decisions of high responsi-bility. When searching for regression equations, the cubic model is-used, which provides high accuracy and does not overload the equation with summands. The most important result is the derivation of the final expression for determining the motor power as a function of two varia-bles - load capacity and span. The importance of the obtained results is that the proposed meth-od of calculation significantly reduces the time for the selection of the electric motor in the de-sign of a new crane, because there is no need to calculate or select additional parameters that are included in the traditional calculation. The proposed regularity is easier to integrate into comput-er-aided design systems. Since the calculation was based on statistical data of cranes manufac-tured and successfully operating, the probability of erroneous calculation is practically excluded.","PeriodicalId":513446,"journal":{"name":"Problems of the Regional Energetics","volume":"87 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141842428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of the research is to address the underutilization of electric machine-based propulsion in transportation despite its numerous advantages over conventional internal combustion engines (ICE), such as reduced emissions, lower fuel costs, and improved control and operation. To achieve this goal, the study reviews state-of-the-art energy sources, storage devices, power converters, and control strategies used in electric vehicles (EVs). It particularly focuses on the implementation of the five-level charging scheme for Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, which are considered a promising solution for electric vehicle power storage. The important results of this work include the advantages of a five-level charging scheme for a 1Ah, 3.7V Li-ion battery compared with conventional charging methods, i.e., superior efficiency (97.16%), lower temperature rise (1.5 degrees Celsius), faster charging times (around 40-43 minutes), and extended battery lifespan. The significance of these results lies in their potential to address key drawbacks hindering the widespread adoption of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PH EVs) by offering a practical solution for faster, more efficient, and safer battery charging. By isolating the battery during charging and optimizing the charging process, the proposed system not only enhances the performance of electric vehicles but also contributes to prolonging the battery life, thus promoting sustainability in transportation. Additionally, the experimental validation using MATLAB Simulink underscores the practical feasibility of the proposed charging system, providing a valuable contribution to the field of electric vehicle technology.
The aim of this work is to establish energy-efficient fruit dehydration regimes in a modified atmosphere. To achieve the goal, an experimental electrical installation was developed, which applies in the technological process the CO2 modified atmosphere dehydration method. Carbon dioxide was used as a drying agent because it is harmless for food and for the human body, including even children and is often used in food industry. The researches were focused on the example of the local origin fruits dehydration, but in particular, peaches were selected as the main object of the research, because they are extremely sensitive to both storage and processing, and the current technologies applied in their case have low efficiency due to adverse reactions that cause processing defects. The essential problems in the dehydration of peaches are the oxidation of the superficial layer and the browning, which considerably reduce the quality of the finished products and also require an increased energy intake, and because of the mentioned shortcomings, these fruits are mainly used during the season, being mainly consumed fresh, nevertheless the dried fruits are of interest and are sought after by consumers the year-around. The main results obtained with the application of the elaborated installation are: increasing in the energy efficiency and the quality of the finished products. The significance of these results lies in the solution of the essential characteristic problems of the fruit dehydration process, which are currently faced by specialized companies in the respective field.
{"title":"Energy-Efficient Fruit Dehydration Regimes in Modified Atmosphere","authors":"V. Popescu, N.I. Tsislinscaia, I.V. Vishanu, M.G. Melenchiuc, M.M. Balan, V.V. Vishanu","doi":"10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.06","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to establish energy-efficient fruit dehydration regimes in a modified atmosphere. To achieve the goal, an experimental electrical installation was developed, which applies in the technological process the CO2 modified atmosphere dehydration method. Carbon dioxide was used as a drying agent because it is harmless for food and for the human body, including even children and is often used in food industry. The researches were focused on the example of the local origin fruits dehydration, but in particular, peaches were selected as the main object of the research, because they are extremely sensitive to both storage and processing, and the current technologies applied in their case have low efficiency due to adverse reactions that cause processing defects. The essential problems in the dehydration of peaches are the oxidation of the superficial layer and the browning, which considerably reduce the quality of the finished products and also require an increased energy intake, and because of the mentioned shortcomings, these fruits are mainly used during the season, being mainly consumed fresh, nevertheless the dried fruits are of interest and are sought after by consumers the year-around. The main results obtained with the application of the elaborated installation are: increasing in the energy efficiency and the quality of the finished products. The significance of these results lies in the solution of the essential characteristic problems of the fruit dehydration process, which are currently faced by specialized companies in the respective field.","PeriodicalId":513446,"journal":{"name":"Problems of the Regional Energetics","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141850911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.15
V. Skochko, V. Solonnikov, O. Pohosov, K. Haba, Ye. Kulinko, B. Koziachyna
The objective of this work is to elucidate the mathematical foundations for optimizing the con-figuration of district heating system networks. Existing and most effective approaches to opti-mizing thermal networks based on minimizing heat losses were analysed, and principles and cor-responding mathematical tools were proposed to account for objective technical constraints im-posed on these district heating networks by regulatory requirements, both at the technological and urban planning levels. The goal is achieved by solving the problems of modeling the coor-dinates of nodes and the lengths of sections of thermal networks using instrumental means to determine the most rational positions of the branching nodes in terms of their coordinates to identify economically viable directions for laying each fragment of the corresponding networks. To make the proposed approach to optimizing thermal networks practical, additional mathemati-cal tools must be introduced to account for specific urban planning conditions and constraints imposed on heating systems, which must be considered in the design process. The most im-portant results are the obtained mathematical model of the district heating network, which allows for considering the actual technical conditions for connection to the networks and urban plan-ning conditions and constraints. The significance of the results obtained is that the application of the developed algorithm allows not only to reduce the total heat losses during the transportation of the heat carrier from heat sources to consumers but also, as a consequence, to increase the energy efficiency level of the entire heating system, reduce primary energy costs, and green-house gas emissions.
{"title":"Minimization of Heat Losses in District Heating Networks by Optimizing their Configuration","authors":"V. Skochko, V. Solonnikov, O. Pohosov, K. Haba, Ye. Kulinko, B. Koziachyna","doi":"10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.15","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work is to elucidate the mathematical foundations for optimizing the con-figuration of district heating system networks. Existing and most effective approaches to opti-mizing thermal networks based on minimizing heat losses were analysed, and principles and cor-responding mathematical tools were proposed to account for objective technical constraints im-posed on these district heating networks by regulatory requirements, both at the technological and urban planning levels. The goal is achieved by solving the problems of modeling the coor-dinates of nodes and the lengths of sections of thermal networks using instrumental means to determine the most rational positions of the branching nodes in terms of their coordinates to identify economically viable directions for laying each fragment of the corresponding networks. To make the proposed approach to optimizing thermal networks practical, additional mathemati-cal tools must be introduced to account for specific urban planning conditions and constraints imposed on heating systems, which must be considered in the design process. The most im-portant results are the obtained mathematical model of the district heating network, which allows for considering the actual technical conditions for connection to the networks and urban plan-ning conditions and constraints. The significance of the results obtained is that the application of the developed algorithm allows not only to reduce the total heat losses during the transportation of the heat carrier from heat sources to consumers but also, as a consequence, to increase the energy efficiency level of the entire heating system, reduce primary energy costs, and green-house gas emissions.","PeriodicalId":513446,"journal":{"name":"Problems of the Regional Energetics","volume":"42 175","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141843112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the study is to review the use of gas products of natural and synthetic origin and their future application prospects. To achieve this goal, a number of high-tech technologies were pre-sented and analyzed. The phase equilibrium parameters of inert and fluorine-containing gases were shown, as well as the temperature ranges in which certain refrigerants can be applied. Ex-amples of cooler schemes for providing rectification processes at 28 and 210 K were given. The processes of refrigeration cycles in T-s diagrams of neon and R116 (hexafluoroethane) were shown. Schemes of helium systems for heat removal at the level of 5…28 K were considered. The areas of application of Xe, Kr, Ne, and He in modern technologies, particularly in laser technology, space exploration, lamp industry, and medicine, were highlighted. The most signifi-cant result of the work is the determination of the important role of isotopic components of inert gases for the future of energy, functional diagnostics, metrology, and other fields. In semicon-ductor manufacturing, many inert gases are used as protective environments and working media in ion-plasma and ion-beam etching in vacuum chambers. In plasma chemical surface treatment, substances containing one or more halogen atoms act as active gases. The significance of the results achieved is evident in that, in the context of a global shortage of technical gases, the de-velopment of resource-saving technologies is becoming relevant. Among these, gas product re-cycling, where gas concentrates were obtained from used mixtures, enriched, and subjected to deep purification for the secondary use of target products, is the most promising.
本研究的目的是回顾天然和合成气体产品的使用情况及其未来的应用前景。为了实现这一目标，我们预先提出并分析了一些高科技技术。研究显示了惰性气体和含氟气体的相平衡参数，以及某些制冷剂可应用的温度范围。还举例说明了在 28 K 和 210 K 温度下提供整流过程的冷却器方案。展示了氖和 R116（六氟乙烷）在 T-s 图中的制冷循环过程。还考虑了在 5...28 K 水平上进行热量去除的氦气系统方案。重点介绍了 Xe、Kr、Ne 和 He 在现代技术中的应用领域，特别是在激光技术、太空探索、灯具工业和医学中的应用。这项工作最重要的成果是确定了惰性气体同位素成分在未来能源、功能诊断、计量和其他领域的重要作用。在半导体制造中，许多惰性气体被用作真空室中离子等离子和离子束蚀刻的保护环境和工作介质。在等离子体化学表面处理中，含有一个或多个卤素原子的物质充当活性气体。所取得成果的意义显而易见，因为在全球技术气体短缺的背景下，开发节约资源的技术正变得越来越重要。在这些技术中，气体产品再循环技术最有前途，这种技术是从使用过的混合物中获得气体浓缩物，经过浓缩和深度净化后用于目标产品的二次利用。
{"title":"Application of Technical Gases and Their Families in Modern Industrial Technologies: A Review","authors":"Iu.M. Simonenko, B.H. Hrudka, A.A. Chyhrin, Ye.V. Kostenko","doi":"10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.09","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to review the use of gas products of natural and synthetic origin and their future application prospects. To achieve this goal, a number of high-tech technologies were pre-sented and analyzed. The phase equilibrium parameters of inert and fluorine-containing gases were shown, as well as the temperature ranges in which certain refrigerants can be applied. Ex-amples of cooler schemes for providing rectification processes at 28 and 210 K were given. The processes of refrigeration cycles in T-s diagrams of neon and R116 (hexafluoroethane) were shown. Schemes of helium systems for heat removal at the level of 5…28 K were considered. The areas of application of Xe, Kr, Ne, and He in modern technologies, particularly in laser technology, space exploration, lamp industry, and medicine, were highlighted. The most signifi-cant result of the work is the determination of the important role of isotopic components of inert gases for the future of energy, functional diagnostics, metrology, and other fields. In semicon-ductor manufacturing, many inert gases are used as protective environments and working media in ion-plasma and ion-beam etching in vacuum chambers. In plasma chemical surface treatment, substances containing one or more halogen atoms act as active gases. The significance of the results achieved is evident in that, in the context of a global shortage of technical gases, the de-velopment of resource-saving technologies is becoming relevant. Among these, gas product re-cycling, where gas concentrates were obtained from used mixtures, enriched, and subjected to deep purification for the secondary use of target products, is the most promising.","PeriodicalId":513446,"journal":{"name":"Problems of the Regional Energetics","volume":"2 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141845220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.03
I. Bobok, A. Kobozeva
The widespread introduction of information technologies into all spheres of society, the creation of a significant amount of confidential and critical data in digital form leads to an increase in the priority of information security tasks everywhere, including in the energy sector, which relates to the critical infrastructure of any state. The purpose of the work is to develop the mentioned ap-proach to ensure the possibility of increasing the efficiency of information security methods based on it. The goal was achieved through a detailed study of disturbances in the values of formal parameters that uniquely determine the matrix that is assigned to the information security system under conditions of active attacks (disturbances) on the system. Singular numbers and singular vectors of the matrix are considered as such parameters. The most important result of the work is the substantiation of the existence and establishment of interconnected regions of stabilization of disturbances of singular numbers and singular vectors of the system matrix, while the region of stabilization of singular numbers corresponds to the region of monotonous decrease in their disturbances with increasing numbers, while the stabilization of singular vectors corresponds to the region in which their disturbances are comparable with 90 degrees. It is shown that the stabilization process is determined by the mathematical properties of the parame-ters under consideration. The significance of the obtained result lies in the possibility of using it to improve various information security systems that are built or studied using a general ap-proach to analyzing their state, both theoretically and practically. The work provides examples of such use.
{"title":"Development of the Theoretical Approach Based on Matrix Theory for Analyzing the State of Information Security Systems","authors":"I. Bobok, A. Kobozeva","doi":"10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52254/1857-0070.2024.3-63.03","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread introduction of information technologies into all spheres of society, the creation of a significant amount of confidential and critical data in digital form leads to an increase in the priority of information security tasks everywhere, including in the energy sector, which relates to the critical infrastructure of any state. The purpose of the work is to develop the mentioned ap-proach to ensure the possibility of increasing the efficiency of information security methods based on it. The goal was achieved through a detailed study of disturbances in the values of formal parameters that uniquely determine the matrix that is assigned to the information security system under conditions of active attacks (disturbances) on the system. Singular numbers and singular vectors of the matrix are considered as such parameters. The most important result of the work is the substantiation of the existence and establishment of interconnected regions of stabilization of disturbances of singular numbers and singular vectors of the system matrix, while the region of stabilization of singular numbers corresponds to the region of monotonous decrease in their disturbances with increasing numbers, while the stabilization of singular vectors corresponds to the region in which their disturbances are comparable with 90 degrees. It is shown that the stabilization process is determined by the mathematical properties of the parame-ters under consideration. The significance of the obtained result lies in the possibility of using it to improve various information security systems that are built or studied using a general ap-proach to analyzing their state, both theoretically and practically. The work provides examples of such use.","PeriodicalId":513446,"journal":{"name":"Problems of the Regional Energetics","volume":"342 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141839296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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