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Incorporating equity, diversity, and inclusion into the epidemiology and biostatistics curriculum: A workshop report and implementation strategies recommendations. 将公平、多样性和包容性纳入流行病学和生物统计学课程:研讨会报告和实施策略建议。
IF 4.3 4区 医学 Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-024-00876-8
Daniel Fuller, Sanja Stanojevic, Gaynor Watson-Creed, Laura Anderson, Natalya Mason, Jennifer Walker

There is an obligation among those teaching epidemiology to incorporate principles of equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) into the curriculum. While there is a well-established literature related to teaching epidemiology, this literature rarely addresses critical aspects of EDI. To our knowledge, there is no working group or central point of discussion and learning for incorporating EDI into epidemiology teaching in Canada. To address this gap, we convened a workshop entitled "Incorporating EDI into the epidemiology and biostatistics curriculum and classroom." The workshop discussed nine strategies to incorporate EDI in the epidemiology curriculum: positionality (or reflexivity) statements; opportunities for feedback; land acknowledgements; clarifying the purpose of collecting data on race and ethnicity, sex and gender, Indigeneity; acknowledging that race/ethnicity is a social construct, not a biological variable; describing incidence and prevalence of disease; demonstrating explicit bias using directed acyclic graphs (DAGs); critical appraisal of study population diversity; and admission criteria and considerations. Key take-aways from the workshop were the need to be more intentional when determining the validity of evidence, particularly with respect to historical context and the need to recognize that there is no single solution that will address EDI.

流行病学教学人员有义务将公平、多样性和包容性(EDI)原则纳入课程。虽然已有大量与流行病学教学相关的文献,但这些文献很少涉及 EDI 的关键方面。据我们所知,加拿大还没有一个工作组或讨论和学习中心点来将 EDI 纳入流行病学教学。为了填补这一空白,我们召开了题为 "将 EDI 纳入流行病学和生物统计学课程与课堂 "的研讨会。研讨会讨论了将 EDI 纳入流行病学课程的九项策略:立场(或反思性)声明;反馈机会;土地确认;明确收集种族和民族、性别和土著数据的目的;承认种族/民族是一种社会建构,而非生物变量;描述疾病的发病率和流行率;使用有向无环图 (DAG) 展示明确的偏见;对研究人群多样性进行批判性评估;以及录取标准和注意事项。研讨会的主要收获是:在确定证据的有效性时,尤其是在历史背景方面,需要更加用心;需要认识到没有单一的解决方案可以解决电子数据交换问题。
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引用次数: 0
A Manifesto for transformative action on HIV among Black communities in Canada. 加拿大黑人社区艾滋病毒改造行动宣言》。
IF 2.9 4区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-024-00856-y
Maureen Owino, OmiSoore Dryden, David Este, Josephine Etowa, Winston Husbands, LaRon Nelson, Emmanuela Ojukwu, Eric Peters, Wangari Tharao

Black communities bear a hugely disproportionate share of Canada's HIV epidemic. Black persons annually represent up to one quarter of new diagnoses, while in contrast, diagnoses have been falling among white Canadians for the past two decades. There has been a notable lack of urgency and serious debate about why the trend persists and what to do about it. For too long, public institutions have reproduced hegemonic white supremacy and profoundly mischaracterized Black life. Consequently, Black communities suffer policies and programs that buttress systemic anti-Black racism, socio-economically disenfranchise Black communities, and in the process marginalize knowledgeable, experienced, and creative Black stakeholders. The Interim Committee on HIV among Black Canadian Communities (ICHBCC) is a group of Black researchers, service providers, and community advocates who came together in early 2022 to interject urgency to the HIV crisis facing Black communities. Specifically, the ICHBCC advocates for self-determined community leadership of research, policies, and programs, backed by access to appropriate resources, to change the trajectory of HIV among Black Canadian communities. In this article, we introduce the wider community to the Black HIV Manifesto that we developed in 2022.

在加拿大的艾滋病毒疫情中,黑人社区所占的比例极大。黑人每年占新诊断病例的四分之一,而与此形成鲜明对比的是,过去二十年来,加拿大白人的诊断病例一直在下降。对于这一趋势为何持续存在以及如何应对,显然缺乏紧迫感和认真的讨论。长期以来,公共机构一直在复制霸权的白人至上主义,并对黑人生活进行了严重的错误描述。因此,黑人社区的政策和计划受到了系统性反黑人种族主义的支持,在社会经济上剥夺了黑人社区的权利,并在此过程中使有知识、有经验、有创造力的黑人利益相关者边缘化。加拿大黑人社区艾滋病毒问题临时委员会(ICHBCC)是一个由黑人研究人员、服务提供者和社区倡导者组成的团体,他们于 2022 年初聚集在一起,共同应对黑人社区面临的艾滋病毒危机。具体而言,ICHBCC 主张由社区自主领导研究、政策和计划,并以获得适当的资源为后盾,以改变加拿大黑人社区艾滋病的发展轨迹。在本文中,我们将向广大社区介绍我们于 2022 年制定的《黑人艾滋病宣言》。
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引用次数: 0
Community water fluoride cessation and rate of caries-related pediatric dental treatments under general anesthesia in Alberta, Canada. 加拿大艾伯塔省社区停水除氟与全身麻醉下与龋齿相关的儿童牙科治疗率。
IF 4.3 4区 医学 Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-024-00858-w
Elnaz Yazdanbakhsh, Babak Bohlouli, Steven Patterson, Maryam Amin

Objective: This study examined the rate of caries-related dental treatments under general anesthesia (GA) in fluoridated and non-fluoridated communities in Alberta, Canada, between 2010 and 2019.

Methods: This retrospective, population-based study included all children ( < 12 years of age) living in Calgary (non-fluoridated) and Edmonton (fluoridated) who underwent caries-related dental treatments under GA at publicly funded facilities. Demographics and dental data were extracted from health administrative databases for three time periods of 2010/11 (pre-cessation), 2014/15, and 2018/19 (post-cessation).

Results: Among 2659 children receiving caries-related treatments under GA, the mean (SD) and median (IQR) age were 4.8 (2.3) and 4 (3-6) years, respectively, and 65% resided in the non-fluoridated area. The analysis revealed that the cessation of water fluoridation was significantly associated with an increased rate of caries-related GA events per 10,000 children in both age groups (0-5 and 6-11 years), with a more pronounced effect in 0-5-year-olds in non-fluoridated areas. The risk of dental treatments under GA was also positively associated with post-cessation time.

Conclusion: Discontinuing water fluoridation appears to negatively affect young children's oral health, potentially leading to a significant increase in caries-related dental treatments under GA and oral health disparities in this pediatric population.

目的:本研究调查了 2010 年至 2019 年期间加拿大艾伯塔省含氟社区和非含氟社区在全身麻醉下进行龋齿相关治疗的比例:本研究调查了2010年至2019年期间加拿大艾伯塔省含氟社区和非含氟社区在全身麻醉(GA)下进行龋齿相关牙科治疗的比率:这项基于人群的回顾性研究纳入了居住在卡尔加里(无氟地区)和埃德蒙顿(有氟地区)的所有儿童(年龄小于 12 岁),这些儿童在政府资助的设施中接受了与龋齿相关的全身麻醉牙科治疗。从卫生行政数据库中提取了2010/11年(停用前)、2014/15年和2018/19年(停用后)三个时间段的人口统计学和牙科数据:在2659名接受GA龋齿相关治疗的儿童中,平均年龄(SD)和中位数(IQR)分别为4.8(2.3)岁和4(3-6)岁,65%的儿童居住在无氟地区。分析表明,在两个年龄组(0-5 岁和 6-11 岁)中,每 10,000 名儿童中与龋齿相关的 GA 事件发生率的增加与水氟化的停止显著相关,而对非氟化地区 0-5 岁儿童的影响更为明显。在GA下进行牙科治疗的风险也与停水后的时间呈正相关:结论:停止水氟化似乎会对幼儿的口腔健康产生负面影响,可能会导致龋齿相关的GA下牙科治疗显著增加,并导致这一儿童群体的口腔健康差异。
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引用次数: 0
The practice of Daylight Saving Time in Canada: Its suitability with respect to sleep and circadian rhythms. 加拿大实行夏令时:它是否适合睡眠和昼夜节律。
IF 4.3 4区 医学 Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-024-00870-0
Joseph De Koninck, Ashley Nixon, Roger Godbout

Daylight Saving Time (DST) is the practice of setting the clocks one hour forward from Standard Time (ST) in the spring and back again to ST in the fall. This commentary discusses the impact of bi-annual time changes on sleep and circadian rhythms and suggests avenues to minimize negative outcomes on the well-being of Canadian citizens. Ideally, ST should be close to solar time, meaning that daylight is equally distributed before and after noon time, i.e., when the sun is at its highest point in the sky. In Canada, some provinces are proposing to opt out of DST to either return to constant ST throughout the year or to implement permanent DST. National and international associations of clinicians and researchers on sleep and biological rhythms and in health sciences have positioned themselves in favour of permanent ST. In Canada, the Canadian Sleep Society and the Canadian Society for Chronobiology have also issued such a position. This commentary focuses on the implications of previous research findings for sleep and health in Canada given its northern geographical location. It concludes with a research agenda focusing on the Canadian context.

夏令时(DST)是指在春季将时钟从标准时间(ST)调快一小时,在秋季再调回标准时间。这篇评论讨论了一年两次的时间变化对睡眠和昼夜节律的影响,并提出了尽量减少对加拿大公民福祉产生负面影响的途径。理想情况下,时间应接近太阳时,即日光在正午前后平均分布,也就是太阳在天空中的最高点。在加拿大,一些省份正在提议退出夏令时,恢复全年恒定的夏令时,或者实施永久性的夏令时。有关睡眠和生物节律以及健康科学的国家和国际临床医生和研究人员协会都支持永久性的夏令时。在加拿大,加拿大睡眠协会和加拿大时间生物学协会也发表了这样的立场。鉴于加拿大地处北方,本评论着重于以往研究成果对加拿大睡眠和健康的影响。最后,它还针对加拿大的情况提出了一项研究议程。
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引用次数: 0
Breast (female), colorectal, and lung cancer survival in people with intellectual or developmental disabilities: A population-based retrospective cohort study. 智力或发育障碍人士的乳腺癌(女性)、结直肠癌和肺癌存活率:基于人群的回顾性队列研究。
IF 4.3 4区 医学 Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-023-00844-8
Rebecca L Hansford, Hélène Ouellette-Kuntz, Rebecca Griffiths, Julie Hallet, Kathleen Decker, David E Dawe, Mark Kristjanson, Virginie Cobigo, Shahin Shooshtari, Morgan Stirling, Christine Kelly, Marni Brownell, Donna Turner, Alyson Mahar

Objectives: Cancer is a leading cause of death among people living with intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDD). There is little empirical evidence documenting survival or comparing outcomes to those without IDD. This study investigated the association between IDD and cancer survival among adults with breast (female), colorectal, or lung cancer.

Methods: A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted in Ontario, Canada, with routinely collected data. Patients with breast, colorectal, or lung cancer were included (2007‒2019). IDD status before cancer was determined using an established administrative data algorithm. The outcomes of interest included death from any cause and death from cancer. Cox proportional hazards models and competing events analyses using multivariable cause-specific hazards regression were completed. Analyses were stratified by cancer type. Interactions with age, sex, and stage at diagnosis, as well as sensitivity analyses, were completed.

Results: The final cohorts included 123,695 breast, 98,809 colorectal, and 116,232 lung cancer patients. Individuals with IDD experienced significantly worse survival than those without IDD. The adjusted hazard ratios of all-cause death were 2.74 (95% CI 2.41‒3.12), 2.42 (95% CI 2.18‒2.68), and 1.49 (95% CI 1.34‒1.66) times higher for breast, colorectal, and lung cancer patients with IDD relative to those without. These findings were consistent for cancer-specific deaths. With few exceptions, worse survival for people with IDD persisted regardless of stage at diagnosis.

Conclusion: People with IDD experienced worse cancer survival than those without IDD. Identifying and intervening on the factors and structures responsible for survival disparities is imperative.

目标:癌症是智力或发育障碍(IDD)患者的主要死因。目前几乎没有实证证据可以证明其存活率或与非 IDD 患者的结果进行比较。本研究调查了患有乳腺癌(女性)、结肠直肠癌或肺癌的成年人中 IDD 与癌症存活率之间的关系:方法:在加拿大安大略省进行了一项基于人群的回顾性队列研究,研究使用了常规收集的数据。研究纳入了乳腺癌、结肠直肠癌或肺癌患者(2007-2019 年)。癌症前的 IDD 状态是通过既定的行政数据算法确定的。相关结果包括任何原因导致的死亡和癌症导致的死亡。利用多变量病因特异性危险回归完成了 Cox 比例危险模型和竞争事件分析。分析按癌症类型进行分层。还完成了与年龄、性别和诊断分期的交互作用以及敏感性分析:最终的队列包括 123,695 名乳腺癌患者、98,809 名结直肠癌患者和 116,232 名肺癌患者。IDD患者的生存率明显低于非IDD患者。患有 IDD 的乳腺癌、结直肠癌和肺癌患者的全因死亡调整危险比分别为 2.74(95% CI 2.41-3.12)、2.42(95% CI 2.18-2.68)和 1.49(95% CI 1.34-1.66)倍。这些发现与癌症特异性死亡的情况一致。除少数例外情况外,无论诊断时处于哪个阶段,IDD患者的生存率都较低:结论:IDD患者的癌症生存率低于非IDD患者。当务之急是找出并干预造成生存率差异的因素和结构。
{"title":"Breast (female), colorectal, and lung cancer survival in people with intellectual or developmental disabilities: A population-based retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Rebecca L Hansford, Hélène Ouellette-Kuntz, Rebecca Griffiths, Julie Hallet, Kathleen Decker, David E Dawe, Mark Kristjanson, Virginie Cobigo, Shahin Shooshtari, Morgan Stirling, Christine Kelly, Marni Brownell, Donna Turner, Alyson Mahar","doi":"10.17269/s41997-023-00844-8","DOIUrl":"10.17269/s41997-023-00844-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Cancer is a leading cause of death among people living with intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDD). There is little empirical evidence documenting survival or comparing outcomes to those without IDD. This study investigated the association between IDD and cancer survival among adults with breast (female), colorectal, or lung cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted in Ontario, Canada, with routinely collected data. Patients with breast, colorectal, or lung cancer were included (2007‒2019). IDD status before cancer was determined using an established administrative data algorithm. The outcomes of interest included death from any cause and death from cancer. Cox proportional hazards models and competing events analyses using multivariable cause-specific hazards regression were completed. Analyses were stratified by cancer type. Interactions with age, sex, and stage at diagnosis, as well as sensitivity analyses, were completed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final cohorts included 123,695 breast, 98,809 colorectal, and 116,232 lung cancer patients. Individuals with IDD experienced significantly worse survival than those without IDD. The adjusted hazard ratios of all-cause death were 2.74 (95% CI 2.41‒3.12), 2.42 (95% CI 2.18‒2.68), and 1.49 (95% CI 1.34‒1.66) times higher for breast, colorectal, and lung cancer patients with IDD relative to those without. These findings were consistent for cancer-specific deaths. With few exceptions, worse survival for people with IDD persisted regardless of stage at diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>People with IDD experienced worse cancer survival than those without IDD. Identifying and intervening on the factors and structures responsible for survival disparities is imperative.</p>","PeriodicalId":51407,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11027730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139693531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A health promotion perspective on One Health. 从促进健康的角度看 "一体健康"。
IF 4.3 4区 医学 Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-024-00872-y
Evelyne de Leeuw, Ilona Kickbusch, Simon R Rüegg

The One Health concept has acquired increasing attention due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We argue for a health promotion perspective that frames One Health in terms of positive health for people, animals, and ecosystems and includes a spiritual-cosmological dimension. This would enhance policy, research, and practice across disciplines and sectors for a more resilient and harmonious planet.

由于 COVID-19 的流行,"一体健康 "的概念受到越来越多的关注。我们主张从促进健康的角度来看待 "一体健康",即从人、动物和生态系统的积极健康角度来看待 "一体健康",并将精神宇宙学纳入其中。这将促进跨学科、跨部门的政策、研究和实践,从而建设一个更具复原力、更加和谐的地球。
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引用次数: 0
Sedentary time at school and work in Canada. 加拿大上学和工作时的久坐时间。
IF 4.3 4区 医学 Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-26 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-023-00835-9
Stephanie A Prince, Justin J Lang, Marisol Betancourt, Stephanie Toigo, Karen C Roberts

Objectives: High levels of sedentary time (ST) are associated with poor physical and mental health. Given that Canadians spend a large portion of their days at school and work, they may be important targets for reducing ST. Our objectives are to estimate the daily amount of school and work ST among Canadians, examine differences by subgroups, and determine associations with health.

Methods: Using the 2020 Canadian Community Health Survey Healthy Living Rapid Response module (N = 5242), the amount of time spent sitting while at school and work was estimated among youth (12-17 years) and adults (18-34 and 35-64 years). Differences by sociodemographics and 24-Hour Movement Guideline adherence were assessed with independent t-tests. Associations between school and work ST and health indicators were assessed using adjusted logistic regression.

Results: Canadian youth aged 12-17 years and adults aged 18-34 years reported an average of 4.5 and 5.2 h/day of school ST, respectively. Adults 18-34 years and 35-64 years reported an average of 3.9 and 4.0 h/day of work ST, respectively. School and work ST differed within several subgroups. Among adults 18-34 years, higher school ST was associated with a reduced odds of 'excellent/very good' mental health, whereas higher work ST was associated with a greater likelihood of reporting 'excellent/very good' general health.

Conclusion: Canadian youth and working-age adults report an average of 4-5 h/day sedentary at school or work. This is the first study estimating school and work ST in a representative sample of Canadians and will aid in increasing awareness of setting-specific behaviours to better inform targeted interventions including addressing inequalities in ST.

目的:久坐不动(ST)与身心健康状况不佳有关。鉴于加拿大人每天大部分时间都在学校和工作,他们可能是减少久坐时间的重要目标。我们的目标是估算加拿大人每天在学校和工作场所的静止时间,研究不同亚群体的差异,并确定与健康的关系:方法:利用 2020 年加拿大社区健康调查健康生活快速反应模块(N = 5242),估算了青少年(12-17 岁)和成年人(18-34 岁和 35-64 岁)上学和上班时的坐姿时间。通过独立 t 检验评估了社会人口统计学和《24 小时运动指南》遵守情况的差异。使用调整后的逻辑回归评估了学校和工作时间与健康指标之间的关联:结果:12-17 岁的加拿大青少年和 18-34 岁的成年人平均每天在校运动时间分别为 4.5 小时和 5.2 小时。18-34 岁和 35-64 岁的成年人平均每天工作时间分别为 3.9 小时和 4.0 小时。在几个亚群中,学校和工作 ST 有所不同。在 18-34 岁的成年人中,学校 ST 越高,心理健康 "优秀/非常好 "的几率就越低,而工作 ST 越高,报告总体健康 "优秀/非常好 "的可能性就越大:结论:加拿大青少年和工作年龄的成年人平均每天有 4-5 小时在学校或工作场所久坐不动。这是首次对具有代表性的加拿大人样本中的学校和工作久坐时间进行估算的研究,将有助于提高人们对特定环境行为的认识,从而更好地采取有针对性的干预措施,包括解决久坐时间不平等的问题。
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引用次数: 0
COVID-19 vaccination intention and vaccine hesitancy among citizens of the Métis Nation of Ontario. 安大略梅蒂斯族公民的 COVID-19 疫苗接种意向和疫苗犹豫不决。
IF 4.3 4区 医学 Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-023-00836-8
Noel Tsui, Sarah A Edwards, Abigail J Simms, Keith D King, Graham Mecredy

Objective: The study objective is to measure the influence of psychological antecedents of vaccination on COVID-19 vaccine intention among citizens of the Métis Nation of Ontario (MNO).

Methods: A population-based online survey was implemented by the MNO when COVID-19 vaccines were approved in Canada. Questions included vaccine intention, the short version of the "5C" psychological antecedents of vaccination scale (confidence, complacency, constraint, calculation, collective responsibility), and socio-demographics. Census sampling via the MNO Registry was used achieving a 39% response rate. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and multinomial logistic regression models (adjusted for sociodemographic variables) were used to analyze the survey data.

Results: The majority of MNO citizens (70.2%) planned to be vaccinated. As compared with vaccine-hesitant individuals, respondents with vaccine intention were more confident in the safety of COVID-19 vaccines, believed that COVID-19 is severe, were willing to protect others from getting COVID-19, and would research the vaccines (Confident OR = 19.4, 95% CI 15.5-24.2; Complacency OR = 6.21, 95% CI 5.38-7.18; Collective responsibility OR = 9.83, 95% CI 8.24-11.72; Calculation OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.28-1.59). Finally, respondents with vaccine intention were less likely to let everyday stress prevent them from getting COVID-19 vaccines (OR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.42-0.53) compared to vaccine-hesitant individuals.

Conclusion: This research contributes to the knowledge base for Métis health and supported the MNO's information sharing and educational activities during the COVID-19 vaccines rollout. Future research will examine the relationship between the 5Cs and actual uptake of COVID-19 vaccines among MNO citizens.

研究目的研究目的是测量安大略省梅蒂斯民族(MNO)公民接种疫苗的心理先决条件对 COVID-19 疫苗接种意向的影响:方法:当 COVID-19 疫苗在加拿大获得批准时,安大略省梅蒂斯部落 (MNO) 实施了一项基于人群的在线调查。调查问题包括疫苗接种意向、"5C "疫苗接种心理诱因量表简版(信心、自满、约束、计算、集体责任)以及社会人口统计。通过 MNO 登记处进行的普查抽样取得了 39% 的回复率。调查数据采用了描述性统计、二元分析和多项式逻辑回归模型(根据社会人口变量进行调整)进行分析:结果:大多数移动网络用户(70.2%)计划接种疫苗。与不愿意接种疫苗的人相比,有疫苗接种意向的受访者对 COVID-19 疫苗的安全性更有信心,认为 COVID-19 疫苗是严重的,愿意保护他人免受 COVID-19 感染,并会对疫苗进行研究(信心 OR = 19.4,95% CI 15.5-24.2;自满 OR = 6.21,95% CI 5.38-7.18;集体责任 OR = 9.83,95% CI 8.24-11.72;计算 OR = 1.43,95% CI 1.28-1.59)。最后,与不愿意接种疫苗的人相比,有接种疫苗意向的受访者不太可能因为日常压力而不接种 COVID-19 疫苗(OR = 0.47,95% CI 0.42-0.53):这项研究为梅蒂斯人的健康知识库做出了贡献,并支持了梅蒂斯人网络在 COVID-19 疫苗推广期间的信息共享和教育活动。未来的研究将探讨 5C 与梅蒂斯人社区网络公民实际接种 COVID-19 疫苗之间的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring challenges and opportunities in detecting emerging drug trends: A socio-technical analysis of the Canadian context. 探索检测新兴毒品趋势的挑战和机遇:对加拿大情况的社会技术分析。
IF 4.3 4区 医学 Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-29 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-023-00842-w
Etran Bouchouar, Marissa J Levine, Samuel Ileka-Priouzeau, Sailly Dave, Allan Fu, Jason L Salemi

Objectives: This study aimed to apply a systems thinking approach to explore factors influencing the detection of emerging drug trends in Canada's provinces and territories to better understand how the local context can influence the design and performance of a pan-Canadian (i.e., national) substance use early warning system (EWS). This study also presents a set of actionable recommendations arising from the results. METHODOLOGY AND METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 purposively recruited Medical Officers of Health and epidemiologists from across Canada working in the field of substance use. Thematic and social network analysis guided by the socio-technical systems framework were subsequently employed.

Results: Barriers and facilitators for detecting emerging drug trends in provinces and territories are a product of the collective linkages and interactions between social (objectives, people, culture), technical (tools, practices, infrastructure), and external environmental (financial, regulatory frameworks, stakeholders) factors. Shortcomings in several of these areas shaped the system's behaviour and together contributed to fragmented operations that lacked strategic focus, poorly designed cross-sector partnerships, and unactionable information outputs. Participants' experiences shaped perceptions of a national substance use EWS, with some voicing potential opportunities and others expressing doubts about its effectiveness.

Conclusion: This study highlights interconnected social, technical, and external environmental considerations for the design and implementation of a national substance use EWS in Canada. It also demonstrates the value of using the socio-technical systems framework to understand a complex public health surveillance issue and how it can be used to inform a path forward.

目标:本研究旨在运用系统思维方法探讨影响加拿大各省和地区发现新毒品趋势的因素,以更好地了解当地环境如何影响泛加拿大(即国家)药物使用预警系统(EWS)的设计和性能。本研究还根据研究结果提出了一系列可行的建议。方法和手段:我们有针对性地对来自加拿大各地的 13 名卫生保健医务人员和从事药物使用领域工作的流行病学家进行了半结构式访谈。随后在社会技术系统框架的指导下进行了专题分析和社会网络分析:结果:各省和地区检测新兴毒品趋势的障碍和促进因素是社会(目标、人员、文化)、技术(工具、实践、基础设施)和外部环境(财政、监管框架、利益相关者)因素之间的集体联系和相互作用的产物。其中几个领域的缺陷决定了该系统的行为,并共同导致了缺乏战略重点的分散行动、设计不当的跨部门伙伴关系以及无法采取行动的信息产出。参与者的经历决定了他们对国家药物使用预警系统的看法,有些人认为该系统具有潜在的机遇,有些人则对其有效性表示怀疑:本研究强调了在加拿大设计和实施全国药物滥用预警系统时需要考虑的相互关联的社会、技术和外部环境因素。本研究还证明了使用社会-技术系统框架来理解复杂的公共卫生监测问题的价值,以及如何使用该框架来指导前进的道路。
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引用次数: 0
DépistaFest: The evaluation of an inclusive, positive, and playful STBBI screening campaign's effectiveness. DépistaFest:对具有包容性、积极性和趣味性的 STBBI 筛查活动效果的评估。
IF 4.3 4区 医学 Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-23 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-024-00862-0
Léa J Séguin, Emmanuelle Gareau, Morag Bosom

Objectives: Young adults are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections (STBBIs), and rates of STBBI screening in this population are persistently low. The present study examined the effectiveness of Club Sexu's social marketing campaign, DépistaFest, in increasing STBBI screening, screening intentions, and general STBBI and STBBI screening knowledge among young adults in Quebec, Canada. Grounded in the health belief model, the campaign provided practical and scientifically accurate information on STBBIs and screening using an inclusive, positive, and playful approach.

Methods: A sample of 686 participants (M = 28.0 years old) was recruited through Club Sexu's social media to complete an online survey assessing campaign exposure, recent STBBI screening, screening intentions, and general STBBI and screening knowledge. Logistic regressions and ANCOVAs were performed to examine group differences on outcome variables.

Results: Compared to nonexposed participants, those who were exposed to the campaign were 2.11 times more likely to report having been tested in the past 6 months, and 2.07 times more likely to report planning to get tested in the next 6 months. Exposed participants were also more likely to correctly answer general STBBI knowledge questions and reported higher levels of self-perceived STBBI screening knowledge than nonexposed participants.

Conclusion: The findings support the effectiveness of an STBBI prevention campaign grounded in the health belief model. Future STBBI prevention campaigns aimed at young adults would benefit from destigmatizing STBBIs and normalizing STBBI screening using an inclusive, positive, and playful approach.

目标:年轻人受性传播疾病和血液传播疾病(STBBIs)的影响尤为严重,而这一人群的 STBBI 筛查率却一直很低。本研究考察了 Club Sexu 的社会营销活动 "DépistaFest "在提高加拿大魁北克省年轻人的性传播和血液传播感染筛查率、筛查意向以及性传播和血液传播感染筛查常识方面的效果。该活动以健康信念模式为基础,采用包容、积极和寓教于乐的方式,提供有关性传播疾病和筛查的实用且科学准确的信息:通过 Club Sexu 的社交媒体招募了 686 名参与者(M = 28.0 岁),让他们完成在线调查,评估宣传活动的接触情况、最近的性传播疾病筛查情况、筛查意向以及性传播疾病和筛查的一般知识。我们进行了逻辑回归和方差分析,以检验结果变量的群体差异:与未接触过该活动的参与者相比,接触过该活动的参与者在过去 6 个月中接受过检测的可能性要高出 2.11 倍,在未来 6 个月中计划接受检测的可能性要高出 2.07 倍。与未接触宣传活动的参与者相比,接触过宣传活动的参与者也更有可能正确回答 STBBI 一般知识问题,并且自我感觉 STBBI 筛查知识水平更高:研究结果支持以健康信念模式为基础的 STBBI 预防活动的有效性。未来针对年轻人的 STBBI 预防活动将受益于消除 STBBI 的污名化,并采用包容、积极和寓教于乐的方法使 STBBI 筛查正常化。
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Canadian Journal of Public Health-Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique
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