International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being最新文献

Background: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic life limiting disease that impacts upon quality of life. An aim of CF care is to preserve lung function, with physical activity (PA) being an important part of daily airway clearance. Ensuring children have opportunities to engage in PA at school should be an important part of their daily routine. It is important to gain parental perspectives on this, as they manage the daily care for their children. This study aims to explore parents' perceptions of school-based PA for their children with CF.

Methods: Parents of children with CF (n = 10), from three regions of the UK (England, Wales and Northern Ireland) took part in online semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA).

Results: Although parents recognized the benefits of school-based PA for their children, systemic barriers in the school setting often inhibit daily PA for children with CF, including teachers' misconceptions, emotional and physical barriers, and PA not being a priority.

Conclusion: Recommendations for practice have been developed to help engage children with CF in daily school-based PA in an inclusive way, with the hope of maintaining health outcomes for children with CF.

With the prevalence of sexual violence in most countries and its increase in Sweden, it is important to understand the development of secondary traumatic reactions among professionals who work with sexually violated clients. The aim of this study was to describe the meaning of therapists' personal experiences when treating survivors of sexual violence. We conducted a qualitative interview study of therapists in Sweden (N = 11) using thematic analysis and adding a phenomenological openess towards the phenomenon. The participants were all women, with different professional backgrounds and with further education in areas such as psychotherapy, sexology, trauma treatment, and forensic nursing. The essential meaning of their work could be described as a continuum where therapists were seeking balance between contradictory experiences, further described in four themes. They experienced their work as highly meaningful, and the use of self-care strategies helped to maintain protective boundaries. However, the incomprehensible violence they were indirectly exposed to, challenged their protective boundaries, thus causing negative reactions for the therapists. Increased understanding of the impact of work on therapists' professional and private lives is crucial, and the need for therapists to have a model or framework of meaning and explanation for sexual violence that ties contradictory experiences together.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the lived experiences of family caregivers who provide care to individuals across a broad range of ages, caregiving relationships, and health conditions and/or disabilities. Family caregiver research is typically siloed by health condition or by caregiving relationship, leaving gaps in understanding similarities and differences among caregivers.

Methods: We hosted three virtual focus groups with diverse family caregivers (n = 26) caring for an individual with a long-term disability and/or health condition(s). We conducted a qualitative thematic analysis using an iterative, inductive process.

Results: Participants primarily expressed shared experiences, despite having unique caregiving situations. We identified themes among a) caregiver experiences: Trying to Do It All, Balancing Complex Emotions, Managing Expectations, and Adjusting to Changes Over Time and b) caregiver needs: Longing for Breaks and Self-Care; Lacking Help, Support and Resources; and Desiring Understanding and Recognition.

Conclusions: These findings emphasize that many elements of the caregiving experience transcend care recipient age, condition, and relationship and are applicable to clinicians, researchers, and policy makers. The evidence of shared caregiver experiences can guide efficiencies in policy and practice (e.g., pooling of existing resources, expansion of interventions) to meet the needs of a broader population of caregivers.

There is strong scientific evidence on the academic, cognitive, social, and emotional benefits of Dialogic Literary Gatherings (DLG) for diverse people in a wide range of settings. However, the transference of DLG to a primary healthcare centre has not yet been studied. To address this gap a case study was conducted on the impact of a DLG in a primary healthcare centre on participants' mental health and wellbeing from the perception of participants and professionals involved in it. To that end, four daily life stories and a focus group with women participating in the DLG, most of them over 75 years old with no higher education, were conducted, as well as two in-depth interviews, one with the DLG facilitator and one with the director of the health centre. Results show that participants perceived their mental health and wellbeing improved thanks to the functioning and type of dialogue in the DLG, promoting friendships, support and solidarity. Participants also reported that, by being aware of their capabilities in the DLG, they became agents of transformation within their families and environments, turning relationships between healthcare professionals and patients more egalitarian. These findings hold implications for public health and healthcare centres.

Purpose: Research indicates that exam anxiety may decline with mindfulness-based interventions but there is a lack of research on adolescents' accounts of the processes involved. We explored high-school students' descriptions of how they perceived and applied mindfulness in managing anxiety-inducing thoughts related to academic performance following an 8-week Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) course.

Method: Post-course individual semi-structured interviews with 22 high school students (2 males, mean age 17.8 years) were transcribed verbatim and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results: The analyses identified six themes: (1) Noticing and attending to the attention-binding "maelstrom" of anxious thoughts and feelings (2) Attending to the breath to cope with the maelstrom, (3) "removing" and "getting rid of" anxious thoughts (4) Being able to "think" (5) awareness of more helpful thoughts, and (6) Agency and control. The findings are discussed in light of the Buddhist notion of "unwholesome thoughts" and the distinction between thought suppression and the use of breathing as a benign distraction. We propose that mindfulness encompasses both a receptive, nonjudgmental awareness and an active, intentional redirection of attention.

Conclusion: Mindfulness training aided participants by enhancing their capacity to disengage from fear-engaging thoughts, thereby maintaining them within their window of tolerance and facilitating cognitive processing.

Purpose: To explore whether and how eHealth solutions support the dignity of healthcare professionals and patients in palliative care contexts.

Method: This qualitative study used phenomenographic analysis involving four focus group interviews, with healthcare professionals who provide palliative care to older people.

Results: Analysis revealed four categories of views on working with eHealth in hierarchical order: Safeguarding the patient by documenting-eHealth is a grain of support, Treated as less worthy by authorities-double standards, Distrust in the eHealth solution-when the "solution" presents a danger; and Patient first-personal contact with patients endows more dignity than eHealth. The ability to have up-to-date patient information was considered crucial when caring for vulnerable, dying patients. eHealth solutions were perceived as essential technological support, but also as unreliable, even dangerous, lacking patient information, with critical information potentially missing or overlooked. This caused distrust in eHealth, introduced unease at work, and challenged healthcare professionals' identities, leading to embodied discomfort and feeling of a lack of dignity.

Conclusion: The healthcare professionals perceived work with eHealth solutions as challenging their sense of dignity, and therefore affecting their ability to provide dignified care for the patients. However, healthcare professionals managed to provide dignified palliative care by focusing on patient first.

Aim: This review describes the ways in which individuals experience chronic illnesses in resource-limited settings; to define the concept and understand its attributes, antecedents and consequences.

Methods: A comprehensive analysis of the databases CINAHL, PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted. During literature search the following limits were applied: articles published in English with available full-text; articles that focused on living with chronic illness in adults from the patient's perspective.

Results: The following three attributes of chronic illness experience were identified: transformational experience, acceptance and self-management. Prominent predisposing factors (antecedents) were: genetic inheritance, malnutrition and poverty, high levels of stress and unhealthy lifestyle. The most dominant consequences were as follows: impact on quality of life; self-management burden; burden to others and economic stressors.

Conclusions: The findings underscore the need for health-care professionals to understand the chronic illness experience in the context of resource-limited settings and its consequences. The greater insights into the concept of chronic illness experience in resource-limited settings will guide nurses to support people in the realities of chronic illness experience in resource-limited settings in developing countries. This knowledge can guide nurses in providing competent care to chronically ill individuals, including meeting their individual needs with such illnesses.

Introduction: The study aims to examine psychologists' and psychiatrists' experiences of built environments, indoors and outdoors, in providing psychotherapy. The research explores how the environment matters in clinical practice from the perspective of psychologists and psychiatrists and seeks to comprehend the significance of the facilities where psychotherapy takes place.

Methods: This study design is explorative and qualitative. Data is generated by eight in-depth interviews with six clinical psychologists and two psychiatrists and was analyzed using an interpretative phenomenological approach.

Results: Our findings revealed that the built environment matters in clinical practice as it appears to be closely linked to fostering a more comprehensive approach and facilitating various associations and themes in psychotherapy. Three superordinate themes emerged from the data: Design as therapeutic tool, Nature as a co-therapist, and lastly, Expanding the therapeutic space, highlights the participants' perspective on the transformative potential of the built environment to become therapeutic.

Conclusion: The findings reveal how built environments can be actively utilized as tools in psychotherapy. Environments are not to be considered merely as neutral and passive spaces for conducting and receiving psychotherapy rather than experienced as places that may regulate and impact both therapists and patients, the relationship between them.

Purpose: Teenage pregnancy remains a significant global public health concern worldwide. However, it presents a complex phenomenon in developed countries, carrying potential short- and long-term consequences for both mothers and children.

Methods: This mixed method study used data from the French cross-sectional study "Portraits of adolescents", which included 6000 girls aged between 13 and 17 years. The quantitative approach involved comparisons between a subgroup with an history of pregnancy and their peers, examining their lived-experience and mental health. The qualitative approach investigated the question "What does being a teenager mean for you?" specifically for the girls who reported an history of pregnancy.

Results: Teenage pregnancies presented elevated rates of mental health disorders, including dark thoughts, depression, self-harm, participating in dangerous games, attempting suicide and increased use of psychoactive substances. With limited support, in comparison to their peers. The qualitative approach revealed three major themes: "being in action", "a way of feeling", and "quality of relationship".

Conclusion: This vulnerable subgroup of adolescents suggests the need for a coordinated multidisciplinary healthcare approach, given their limited parental and friend support, with a high risk of experiencing poor mental health. Additionally, these findings portray a "silent sufferer" population characterized by difficulties recognizing or managing emotions due to difficulties in expressing their emotional distress.

Purpose: Understanding doctors' health beliefs is essential for developing effective and competent healthcare practices that benefit doctors and their patients. This study aimed to qualitatively explore doctors' perceptions of on-shift health-protective behaviours and their perceived effects on competence.

Methods: The research applied theoretically driven Expanded Health Belief Model (EHBM) enquiry methods to explore beliefs and experiences through an occupational context survey, 14 individual depth interviews, and two focus groups. Semantic and deductive themes associated with EHBM domains were examined, and an inductive thematic analysis of the interviews was conducted.

Results: Doctors' beliefs were strongly imbued by their perceived identity within the systemic context; they expressed impaired self-efficacy in reacting to their health needs on shift, and several disclosed harm to themselves and patients. Dominant themes included the psychosocial effects of the systemic culture and the influence of the situational occupational context in impacting health-protective behavioural action. The context and implications of experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic are discussed.

Conclusions: This study presents key belief-oriented factors influencing doctors' health-protective behaviour at work and its implications for competent practice. Further doctor-led guidance on focus points for evidence-based theoretically driven health improvement solutions is provided regarding operational practice, formulating policies, developing interventions and further research.