In the first part of the paper, Tartini tone is defined. Tartini tone, despite the fact that it is not present in the acoustic audio signal, is experienced as an audio sensation in human consciousness, which is a consequence of the nonlinearity of the hearing system. In addition, some musical instruments, due to acoustic-mechanical nonlinearity, can reproduce Tartini tones when playing dyads. After that, as a measure of the intensity of Tartini tones, the Quadratic distortion coefficient C2 is defined. In the second part of the paper, an experiment is described. In the experiment, the results of the analysis of Tartini tones on the string instrument viola, are shown. A Base of test signal was formed, which was created from the dyads played on the tested viola (dyads from tones D4 - A4 to D4 – A5). The analysis of Tartini tones in the spectral domain, was performed. The results of the analysis (Quadratic distortion coefficient C2) are shown using graphics and tables. As an overall measure of the intensity of the Tartini tones, for the entire range of the viola (tones C3 – A5), the mean quadratic distortion coefficient was found. Finally, the results of the comparative analysis of Tartini tones on the tested viola, acoustic guitar CG 510 and the copy of Antonius Stradivarius violin, are presented.
{"title":"ESTIMATION OF THE TARTINI TONE AT VIOLA","authors":"Zoran Milojević, Ratko Ivkobić, Dragiša Balanesković","doi":"10.61837/mbuir020124167m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61837/mbuir020124167m","url":null,"abstract":"In the first part of the paper, Tartini tone is defined. Tartini tone, despite the fact that it is not present in the acoustic audio signal, is experienced as an audio sensation in human consciousness, which is a consequence of the nonlinearity of the hearing system. In addition, some musical instruments, due to acoustic-mechanical nonlinearity, can reproduce Tartini tones when playing dyads. After that, as a measure of the intensity of Tartini tones, the Quadratic distortion coefficient C2 is defined. In the second part of the paper, an experiment is described. In the experiment, the results of the analysis of Tartini tones on the string instrument viola, are shown. A Base of test signal was formed, which was created from the dyads played on the tested viola (dyads from tones D4 - A4 to D4 – A5). The analysis of Tartini tones in the spectral domain, was performed. The results of the analysis (Quadratic distortion coefficient C2) are shown using graphics and tables. As an overall measure of the intensity of the Tartini tones, for the entire range of the viola (tones C3 – A5), the mean quadratic distortion coefficient was found. Finally, the results of the comparative analysis of Tartini tones on the tested viola, acoustic guitar CG 510 and the copy of Antonius Stradivarius violin, are presented.","PeriodicalId":514816,"journal":{"name":"MB University International Review","volume":"52 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.61837/mbuir020124139m
Kristina Misheva
Financing the public health system remains a major challenge for post-transition countries and small economies such as the Republic of North Macedonia. Healthcare PPPs require the setup of complex legal and financial frameworks. They are usually set up to mitigate the fiscal costs and public finance resources needed to build capital infrastructure. Lately, the public enterprises established by the government or the local government in the region have entered long-term purchase agreements that are like PPPs. In practice, PPPs are very popular in the transport, energy, and water sectors (investment in infrastructure in toll roads, electricity networking, water supply and wastewater treatment, etc.). However, when it comes to the PPPs in the public healthcare sector, these models of financing seem to be facing restrictions and don`t enjoy the same popularity as in other sectors for public services. Therefore, this paper will overview the appearance and legal position of the PPPs in the Macedonian public healthcare system and new competences for sustainable public healthcare systems. In addition, it will tackle the question: What are the legal positions of the public and private partners, and what are the financial implications (pros and cons) of using this model of investment in the public healthcare system?
{"title":"THE PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP - A BENEFIT OR A CHALLENGE FOR THE MACEDONIAN PUBLIC HEALTHCARE SYSTEM","authors":"Kristina Misheva","doi":"10.61837/mbuir020124139m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61837/mbuir020124139m","url":null,"abstract":"Financing the public health system remains a major challenge for post-transition countries and small economies such as the Republic of North Macedonia. Healthcare PPPs require the setup of complex legal and financial frameworks. They are usually set up to mitigate the fiscal costs and public finance resources needed to build capital infrastructure. Lately, the public enterprises established by the government or the local government in the region have entered long-term purchase agreements that are like PPPs. In practice, PPPs are very popular in the transport, energy, and water sectors (investment in infrastructure in toll roads, electricity networking, water supply and wastewater treatment, etc.). However, when it comes to the PPPs in the public healthcare sector, these models of financing seem to be facing restrictions and don`t enjoy the same popularity as in other sectors for public services. Therefore, this paper will overview the appearance and legal position of the PPPs in the Macedonian public healthcare system and new competences for sustainable public healthcare systems. In addition, it will tackle the question: What are the legal positions of the public and private partners, and what are the financial implications (pros and cons) of using this model of investment in the public healthcare system?","PeriodicalId":514816,"journal":{"name":"MB University International Review","volume":"45 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141805710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.61837/mbuir020124040k
Damir Karlica, Aleksandar M. Damnjanović
Human potential is a term that refers to human resources within organizations, where it represents human abilities and skills. Based on that, it can be said that human resources in modern working and business conditions represent the most valuable and significant resource of every organization, including military organizations, if they are effectively and adequately managed. However, it should be kept in mind that human resources can be one of the biggest sources of risk for any organization. Risk is a situation in which we are not sure what exactly will happen, and it reflects the probability of possible outcomes around some expected value. The scientific discipline and practical activity that deals with issues of risk management is Risk Management. It deals with procedures for identifying, assessing, analysing and taking measures to avoid, mitigate or accept risks, as well as monitoring progress in those procedures. In recent decades, organizations have been making an increasing effort to assess risks at all levels in order to minimize possible negative effects on the achievement of goals. It is clear that risks cannot be completely avoided, but they need to be identified and analysed in time in order to measure their impact on the desired results and determine the probability of occurrence, and then define effective measures for their management. When it comes to military organizations, the specificity that arises from the very character and purpose of this institution determines the importance of a special type of risk, i.e. security risks. That is why the phrase "security challenges, risks, and threats" is often used in military vocabulary. During the last decades, the emergence of new and different security challenges, risks and threats has led to a significant change in the importance and role of the human factor in the military organization. Perhaps the most significant change can be seen through the introduction of a professional instead of a recruited army. Such army is less and less in need of numerically large formations, while the need for highly trained staff of various specialties has increased. The use of information technology, and especially artificial intelligence, as well as the need for quick manoeuvre and further reach of joint formations, led to the fact that the efficiency of the professional army increasingly depends on human abilities and skills, that is, the human potential of the military organization. The development of human resources, especially under such conditions, certainly carries significant security risks. The main purpose of this article is to identify security risks in the field of human resources development on the example of the Serbian Armed Forces, to analyse existing measures, as well as to consider possible improvements to avoid, reduce or possibly to accept them. In order to successfully realize the research idea, the descriptive method was used when describing real conditions and situations, as well
{"title":"SECURITY RISKS AND HUMAN POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE MILITARY ORGANIZATION","authors":"Damir Karlica, Aleksandar M. Damnjanović","doi":"10.61837/mbuir020124040k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61837/mbuir020124040k","url":null,"abstract":"Human potential is a term that refers to human resources within organizations, where it represents human abilities and skills. Based on that, it can be said that human resources in modern working and business conditions represent the most valuable and significant resource of every organization, including military organizations, if they are effectively and adequately managed. However, it should be kept in mind that human resources can be one of the biggest sources of risk for any organization. Risk is a situation in which we are not sure what exactly will happen, and it reflects the probability of possible outcomes around some expected value. The scientific discipline and practical activity that deals with issues of risk management is Risk Management. It deals with procedures for identifying, assessing, analysing and taking measures to avoid, mitigate or accept risks, as well as monitoring progress in those procedures. In recent decades, organizations have been making an increasing effort to assess risks at all levels in order to minimize possible negative effects on the achievement of goals. It is clear that risks cannot be completely avoided, but they need to be identified and analysed in time in order to measure their impact on the desired results and determine the probability of occurrence, and then define effective measures for their management. When it comes to military organizations, the specificity that arises from the very character and purpose of this institution determines the importance of a special type of risk, i.e. security risks. That is why the phrase \"security challenges, risks, and threats\" is often used in military vocabulary. During the last decades, the emergence of new and different security challenges, risks and threats has led to a significant change in the importance and role of the human factor in the military organization. Perhaps the most significant change can be seen through the introduction of a professional instead of a recruited army. Such army is less and less in need of numerically large formations, while the need for highly trained staff of various specialties has increased. The use of information technology, and especially artificial intelligence, as well as the need for quick manoeuvre and further reach of joint formations, led to the fact that the efficiency of the professional army increasingly depends on human abilities and skills, that is, the human potential of the military organization. The development of human resources, especially under such conditions, certainly carries significant security risks. The main purpose of this article is to identify security risks in the field of human resources development on the example of the Serbian Armed Forces, to analyse existing measures, as well as to consider possible improvements to avoid, reduce or possibly to accept them. In order to successfully realize the research idea, the descriptive method was used when describing real conditions and situations, as well","PeriodicalId":514816,"journal":{"name":"MB University International Review","volume":"50 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141805073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.61837/mbuir020124116k
Marija Kostić, Jovan Kojičić
In context of changes and the implementation of the public administration reform, the authors consider the strategic directions of the development of artificial intelligence in the legal system of the Republic of Serbia. This includes the legal framework, necessary infrastructure and interoperability, optimization and digitization of administrative procedures and public services. The impact of the fourth industrial revolution on aspects of public administration is considered and the significant progress of the Republic of Serbia in terms of innovation and social transformations in synergy with the concept of artificial intelligence is described. According to the artificial intelligence readiness index for 2022, out of 181 ranked countries, Serbia is in 59th place. The Republic of Serbia is implementing the Artificial Intelligence Development Strategy for the 2020-2025 period, it is among the 26 countries that launched the National Platform for Artificial Intelligence and is the first country in Southeast Europe to establish an Institute for Artificial Intelligence. Through the contemporary theory of modern administration and the concept and importance of e-Governance in the development of modern administration, the authors particularly discuss the ethical use of artificial intelligence in the legislative framework that promotes and regulates development. The foundation of e-Governance is regulated by a series of special laws, and the Law on Electronic Administration regulates the performance of public administration tasks using information and communication technologies. Therefore, the application of artificial intelligence in public administration belongs to the field of electronic administration, and the Law on General Administrative Procedure is of great importance for the application of e-administration institutes and rules. In addition to significant benefits, artificial intelligence also brings numerous risks in relation to human rights and freedoms, rights to privacy, rights to the protection of personal data, bias and discrimination, lack of transparency and accountability, uncertainty and unreliability, loss of human control and supervision, and so on. In this sense, the authors suggest the establishment of strong inspection, penal and appeal policy mechanisms. Altogether, it is important from the perspective of various preventive mechanisms that will enable accountable development and ways of verifying artificial intelligence in accordance with the highest ethical and security standards, and in terms of finding a fair balance between technological development and the protection of human rights and democratic principles. This paper points to the importance of future research in various areas of law in the field of artificial intelligence.
{"title":"ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE LEGAL SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA: PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND LEGISLATIVE ASPECTS OF ETHICAL AND LEGAL IMPLEMENTATION","authors":"Marija Kostić, Jovan Kojičić","doi":"10.61837/mbuir020124116k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61837/mbuir020124116k","url":null,"abstract":"In context of changes and the implementation of the public administration reform, the authors consider the strategic directions of the development of artificial intelligence in the legal system of the Republic of Serbia. This includes the legal framework, necessary infrastructure and interoperability, optimization and digitization of administrative procedures and public services. The impact of the fourth industrial revolution on aspects of public administration is considered and the significant progress of the Republic of Serbia in terms of innovation and social transformations in synergy with the concept of artificial intelligence is described. According to the artificial intelligence readiness index for 2022, out of 181 ranked countries, Serbia is in 59th place. The Republic of Serbia is implementing the Artificial Intelligence Development Strategy for the 2020-2025 period, it is among the 26 countries that launched the National Platform for Artificial Intelligence and is the first country in Southeast Europe to establish an Institute for Artificial Intelligence. Through the contemporary theory of modern administration and the concept and importance of e-Governance in the development of modern administration, the authors particularly discuss the ethical use of artificial intelligence in the legislative framework that promotes and regulates development. The foundation of e-Governance is regulated by a series of special laws, and the Law on Electronic Administration regulates the performance of public administration tasks using information and communication technologies. Therefore, the application of artificial intelligence in public administration belongs to the field of electronic administration, and the Law on General Administrative Procedure is of great importance for the application of e-administration institutes and rules. In addition to significant benefits, artificial intelligence also brings numerous risks in relation to human rights and freedoms, rights to privacy, rights to the protection of personal data, bias and discrimination, lack of transparency and accountability, uncertainty and unreliability, loss of human control and supervision, and so on. In this sense, the authors suggest the establishment of strong inspection, penal and appeal policy mechanisms. Altogether, it is important from the perspective of various preventive mechanisms that will enable accountable development and ways of verifying artificial intelligence in accordance with the highest ethical and security standards, and in terms of finding a fair balance between technological development and the protection of human rights and democratic principles. This paper points to the importance of future research in various areas of law in the field of artificial intelligence.","PeriodicalId":514816,"journal":{"name":"MB University International Review","volume":"29 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141806022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：