Pub Date : 2025-11-27DOI: 10.1007/s10560-025-01065-3
Anthony Gómez, Keunhye Park, Andrea Lane Eastman, Mark E. Courtney, Kevin Yu
Sexual minority youth (SMY) transitioning from foster care tend to experience worse outcomes in early adulthood compared to their heterosexual peers. Extended foster care provides crucial services and resources that may improve well-being for SMY transitioning from care. Using data from the longitudinal California Youth Transitions to Adulthood study (CalYOUTH; n = 616), this paper examines relationships between sexual minority status and key outcomes in early adulthood and tests whether these relationships are moderated by extended foster care participation. Bivariate analyses revealed significant variations in young adult outcomes by sexual minority status and extended foster care participation. After accounting for youth and foster care characteristics, linear probability models showed that extended foster care participation significantly increased the probability of postsecondary enrollment, regardless of sexual minority status. Extended foster care participation was associated with higher employment rates, greater housing security, and lower incarceration rates, but only for heterosexual youth. Extended foster care did not lower the probability of SMY having a behavioral health disorder or experiencing economic hardship. This study identifies domains where extended foster care improves SMY well-being and highlights areas of ongoing need. Study findings have implications for future research and policy solutions supporting the well-being of SMY leaving care.
与异性恋同龄人相比，从寄养家庭过渡的性少数青年（SMY）在成年早期往往经历更糟糕的结果。延长寄养提供了重要的服务和资源，可以改善从护理过渡的中小学生的福祉。利用加州青少年向成年过渡纵向研究（CalYOUTH; n = 616）的数据，本文检验了性少数地位与成年早期关键结果之间的关系，并检验了这些关系是否受到长期寄养参与的调节。双变量分析显示，性少数身份和长期寄养参与对青年成人结局有显著影响。在考虑了青少年和寄养特征后，线性概率模型显示，无论性少数身份如何，延长寄养参与时间显著增加了中学后入学的概率。长期的寄养参与与更高的就业率、更高的住房保障和更低的监禁率有关，但仅适用于异性恋青年。延长寄养时间并没有降低SMY患有行为健康障碍或经历经济困难的可能性。本研究确定了延长寄养改善中小学生福利的领域，并强调了持续需求的领域。研究结果对未来的研究和政策解决方案具有启示意义，这些研究和政策解决方案支持中小学生离开护理的福祉。
{"title":"The Developmental Implications of Extended Foster Care for Sexual Minority Youth","authors":"Anthony Gómez, Keunhye Park, Andrea Lane Eastman, Mark E. Courtney, Kevin Yu","doi":"10.1007/s10560-025-01065-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-025-01065-3","url":null,"abstract":"Sexual minority youth (SMY) transitioning from foster care tend to experience worse outcomes in early adulthood compared to their heterosexual peers. Extended foster care provides crucial services and resources that may improve well-being for SMY transitioning from care. Using data from the longitudinal California Youth Transitions to Adulthood study (CalYOUTH; n = 616), this paper examines relationships between sexual minority status and key outcomes in early adulthood and tests whether these relationships are moderated by extended foster care participation. Bivariate analyses revealed significant variations in young adult outcomes by sexual minority status and extended foster care participation. After accounting for youth and foster care characteristics, linear probability models showed that extended foster care participation significantly increased the probability of postsecondary enrollment, regardless of sexual minority status. Extended foster care participation was associated with higher employment rates, greater housing security, and lower incarceration rates, but only for heterosexual youth. Extended foster care did not lower the probability of SMY having a behavioral health disorder or experiencing economic hardship. This study identifies domains where extended foster care improves SMY well-being and highlights areas of ongoing need. Study findings have implications for future research and policy solutions supporting the well-being of SMY leaving care.","PeriodicalId":51512,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145608832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-27DOI: 10.1007/s10560-025-01069-z
Amir Kabunga, Maxson Kenneth Anyolitho, Viola Nalwoga, Samsom Udho, Marvin Musinguzi, Ann Grace Auma, Eustes Kigongo, Odette Murara
{"title":"Ubuntu in Exile: Indigenous Notions of Community and Social Justice among Adolescent Refugees in Northern Uganda","authors":"Amir Kabunga, Maxson Kenneth Anyolitho, Viola Nalwoga, Samsom Udho, Marvin Musinguzi, Ann Grace Auma, Eustes Kigongo, Odette Murara","doi":"10.1007/s10560-025-01069-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-025-01069-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51512,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145608833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-27DOI: 10.1007/s10560-025-01067-1
Metin Gani Tapan
{"title":"I Can’t Hold On: Understanding the Instability of Female Syrian Care Leavers in Turkey","authors":"Metin Gani Tapan","doi":"10.1007/s10560-025-01067-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-025-01067-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51512,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145608861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Children newly placed in public care are particularly vulnerable to disruption. Yet, there is notably lack of research and theorization about moves between care arrangements. Drawing on a qualitative case study of a Norwegian care arrangement that combines residential with specialized foster care, this article explores how moves between care arrangements are facilitated and experienced by various carers—including foster carers, parents, foster care consultants, residential staff, and managers—all of whom were interviewed for the study. These moves are analyzed through the conceptual lens of multilayered transitions, with the aim of contributing both empirical insights and theoretical development. The analysis highlights the interconnected and precarious nature of transitions in care, and the importance of flexible timeframes, collaborative practices, and inclusive relational approaches in supporting the child. The article proposes the concept of “supported transitions in care” and discusses its relevance for understanding the processes and practices involved, as well as for promoting sustainability in public care.
{"title":"Supported Transitions in Public Care: A Case Study from a Norwegian Child Welfare Context","authors":"Inger-Lise Negård, Inger Oterholm, Oddbjørg Skjær Ulvik","doi":"10.1007/s10560-025-01066-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-025-01066-2","url":null,"abstract":"Children newly placed in public care are particularly vulnerable to disruption. Yet, there is notably lack of research and theorization about moves between care arrangements. Drawing on a qualitative case study of a Norwegian care arrangement that combines residential with specialized foster care, this article explores how moves between care arrangements are facilitated and experienced by various carers—including foster carers, parents, foster care consultants, residential staff, and managers—all of whom were interviewed for the study. These moves are analyzed through the conceptual lens of multilayered transitions, with the aim of contributing both empirical insights and theoretical development. The analysis highlights the interconnected and precarious nature of transitions in care, and the importance of flexible timeframes, collaborative practices, and inclusive relational approaches in supporting the child. The article proposes the concept of “supported transitions in care” and discusses its relevance for understanding the processes and practices involved, as well as for promoting sustainability in public care.","PeriodicalId":51512,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145608834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many countries across the globe have enacted leaving care policy to make provision for transition planning and aftercare support for care-leavers who face significant challenges in adulthood. However, the extent to which care-leaver policy addresses the unique needs of disabled youth leaving care is not known. This paper seeks to address this gap in knowledge by analysing care-leaver policy in four countries (United States, United Kingdom, Norway and Australia) with a specific focus on how well they address disability issues. A key finding is the lack of consistency in the explicit recognition of disabled youth in care-leaving policy and an absence of directives to guide the adaptation and implementation of policy for disabled care-leavers. There is also a fragmentation in aftercare support with an increasing individualist approach grounded in normative assumptions for independent adulthood and a medical model of disability with a parallel retraction or redirection of formal regulation that impacts on disabled youth transitions from care. The paper concludes with recommendations for developing policy to give greater recognition to the needs of disabled care-leavers and their non-normative pathways from care into adulthood that require a refocus on interdependence, youth voice, extended aftercare support and collaborative services.
{"title":"Disabled Youth Transitioning from Care: An International Policy Analysis","authors":"Berni Kelly, Gilbert Gimm, Oterholm Inger, Jemma Venables, Claire Baker, Ingri-Hanne Braenne Bennwik, Kathy Ellem, JoAnn S. Lee, Leah P. Cheatham","doi":"10.1007/s10560-025-01061-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-025-01061-7","url":null,"abstract":"Many countries across the globe have enacted leaving care policy to make provision for transition planning and aftercare support for care-leavers who face significant challenges in adulthood. However, the extent to which care-leaver policy addresses the unique needs of disabled youth leaving care is not known. This paper seeks to address this gap in knowledge by analysing care-leaver policy in four countries (United States, United Kingdom, Norway and Australia) with a specific focus on how well they address disability issues. A key finding is the lack of consistency in the explicit recognition of disabled youth in care-leaving policy and an absence of directives to guide the adaptation and implementation of policy for disabled care-leavers. There is also a fragmentation in aftercare support with an increasing individualist approach grounded in normative assumptions for independent adulthood and a medical model of disability with a parallel retraction or redirection of formal regulation that impacts on disabled youth transitions from care. The paper concludes with recommendations for developing policy to give greater recognition to the needs of disabled care-leavers and their non-normative pathways from care into adulthood that require a refocus on interdependence, youth voice, extended aftercare support and collaborative services.","PeriodicalId":51512,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal","volume":"165 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145575635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-16DOI: 10.1007/s10560-025-01054-6
Walter C. Millanzi, Maulid K. Shaha
{"title":"Exclusive Breastfeeding Knowledge, Practice, and Perceived Challenges Among In-School Adolescent Mothers in Dodoma Region, Tanzania","authors":"Walter C. Millanzi, Maulid K. Shaha","doi":"10.1007/s10560-025-01054-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-025-01054-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51512,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal","volume":"146 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145531599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-16DOI: 10.1007/s10560-025-01064-4
Dominique Mikell Montgomery, Thom Reilly
{"title":"“To Be Honest, It was Just the Hope”: Why Transition-Age Youth Enroll and Remain in State-Initiated Extended Foster Care","authors":"Dominique Mikell Montgomery, Thom Reilly","doi":"10.1007/s10560-025-01064-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-025-01064-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51512,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145532089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Relationship Between Parents’ Digital Parenting Awareness, Their Social Media Parenting Practices, and The Social Media Usage Levels of Their Children Aged 6–18","authors":"Aysel Topan, Emine Uzuntarla Güney, Betül Akkoç, Sümeyye Özdemir, Fadime Üstüner Top","doi":"10.1007/s10560-025-01059-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-025-01059-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51512,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145531600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-08DOI: 10.1007/s10560-025-01058-2
Jennifer C. Henson, Aynsley H. M. Scheffert
Social workers are practicing “outside the box” as they provide services to youth transitioning into adulthood (ages 18-25) with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This is due to a lack of social work education on disability related content, deficits in continuing education training opportunities and a lack of available resources. Mental health service provision to persons with ASD is continually evolving for practitioners, requiring providers to stay abreast of changes in practice methods and theory. This qualitative phenomenological study explores the perceived effectiveness of practice and reported needs from social work practitioners providing services to transition age youth (18-25) with ASD. To understand the perceptions of social workers with this population, semi-structured interviews were conducted with licensed social workers ( n =10) in Texas with current or prior experience working with transition age youth with ASD. Interviews provided data on social workers’ perceptions of competence in service provision, which services clients need, and how they stay informed of advances in practice to best serve transition age youth with ASD. Seven themes emerged that have implications for social work education, with the most important theme being a lack of resources to inform social work practice with this population. The authors suggest ways these themes can address the perceived need for more education both in MSW programs and professional continuing education.
{"title":"“Outside the Box”: A Phenomenological Study of Social Work Practice with Transition Age Youth with Autism in Texas","authors":"Jennifer C. Henson, Aynsley H. M. Scheffert","doi":"10.1007/s10560-025-01058-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-025-01058-2","url":null,"abstract":"Social workers are practicing “outside the box” as they provide services to youth transitioning into adulthood (ages 18-25) with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This is due to a lack of social work education on disability related content, deficits in continuing education training opportunities and a lack of available resources. Mental health service provision to persons with ASD is continually evolving for practitioners, requiring providers to stay abreast of changes in practice methods and theory. This qualitative phenomenological study explores the perceived effectiveness of practice and reported needs from social work practitioners providing services to transition age youth (18-25) with ASD. To understand the perceptions of social workers with this population, semi-structured interviews were conducted with licensed social workers ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> =10) in Texas with current or prior experience working with transition age youth with ASD. Interviews provided data on social workers’ perceptions of competence in service provision, which services clients need, and how they stay informed of advances in practice to best serve transition age youth with ASD. Seven themes emerged that have implications for social work education, with the most important theme being a lack of resources to inform social work practice with this population. The authors suggest ways these themes can address the perceived need for more education both in MSW programs and professional continuing education.","PeriodicalId":51512,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145472913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-08DOI: 10.1007/s10560-025-01055-5
Monika Alvestad Reime, Nina Bringedal, Tone Jørgensen, Merete Tunestveit, Ingunn Barmen Tysnes, Ingrid Johnsen Hogstad
The loss of a parent at a young age is a stressful and traumatic experience. Children receiving care and support through child-welfare systems are more likely to experience the death of a parent during childhood compared to their peers. The aim of this scoping review was to provide an overview of the extent of research on children in child-welfare systems who have experienced the death of a birth parent. The scoping review was conducted following the updated guidelines from the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The findings revealed a scarcity of research knowledge in this area, as only three identified studies met the eligibility criteria, leading us to classify it as a “near-empty review”. JBI recommends that near-empty reviews include suggestions for further research. Accordingly, we recommend: (1) exploring children’s perspectives and developing knowledge from the child’s viewpoint in their everyday life, and (2) investigating how the theoretical concept of ambiguous loss can enhance understanding of loss and bereavement among children in child-welfare systems. Together, we believe these recommendations will enhance our understanding of death losses and bereavement, which are often overlooked in society, and are essential for informing social work practices with children in child-welfare systems.
{"title":"Children Involved in Child-Welfare Systems and the Death of a Birth Parent: Implications of a Scoping Review with Sparse Findings","authors":"Monika Alvestad Reime, Nina Bringedal, Tone Jørgensen, Merete Tunestveit, Ingunn Barmen Tysnes, Ingrid Johnsen Hogstad","doi":"10.1007/s10560-025-01055-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-025-01055-5","url":null,"abstract":"The loss of a parent at a young age is a stressful and traumatic experience. Children receiving care and support through child-welfare systems are more likely to experience the death of a parent during childhood compared to their peers. The aim of this scoping review was to provide an overview of the extent of research on children in child-welfare systems who have experienced the death of a birth parent. The scoping review was conducted following the updated guidelines from the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The findings revealed a scarcity of research knowledge in this area, as only three identified studies met the eligibility criteria, leading us to classify it as a “near-empty review”. JBI recommends that near-empty reviews include suggestions for further research. Accordingly, we recommend: (1) exploring children’s perspectives and developing knowledge from the child’s viewpoint in their everyday life, and (2) investigating how the theoretical concept of ambiguous loss can enhance understanding of loss and bereavement among children in child-welfare systems. Together, we believe these recommendations will enhance our understanding of death losses and bereavement, which are often overlooked in society, and are essential for informing social work practices with children in child-welfare systems.","PeriodicalId":51512,"journal":{"name":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145472954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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