Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.22038/IJP.2021.60620.4684
M. Naghibi, B. Alizadeh, S. Aminimoghadam
Background: Detecting heart murmurs by a newly invented Doppler Phonolyser machine is compared with the conventional stethoscope. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, a total of 112 patients referred to the pediatric cardiology clinic at were enrolled between Jan. 2017 and Jan. 2018. In step one, the patients were initially examined by a pediatric cardiologist, and then in step two,; they were randomly divided into two groups (A and B) and were blindly re-examined by a 2nd-year pediatric resident. In Group A (Statoscope group), heart auscultation was performed using only a conventional Statoscope whereas, in Group B (Statoscope + DPM), heart sounds were detected and analyzed using a stethoscope and Doppler Phonolyser Machine. In the third step, the diagnostic results made by the pediatric cardiologist, the pediatric residents in groups A and B were compared with the final diagnostic echocardiography made by a pediatric cardiologist. Results: Heart murmurs as one of the most common reasons for cardiologist referrals consist of about 65% of referrals to pediatric cardiologists. There was only a moderate correlation between a Stethoscope stethoscope and echocardiography to identify cardiac abnormality based on heart murmurs (56%), whilste there was a significant correlation between the diagnoses made by Doppler Phonolyser accompanied with the conventional statoscope when compared with the echocardiography results. Conclusion: Doppler Phonolyser is an innovative smart machine that could efficiently detect and analyze abnormal heart sounds and might play a role in more accurate and earlier diagnosis of congenital and structural heart defects by general physicians and non-cardiologist specialists, and may potentially reduce the mortality, morbidity, and cost of treatment as well as anxiety of the patient's family.
{"title":"Doppler Phonolyser in comparison with conventional statoscope in detecting and interpreting abnormal Heart murmurs in congenital and structural heart defects","authors":"M. Naghibi, B. Alizadeh, S. Aminimoghadam","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.60620.4684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.60620.4684","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Detecting heart murmurs by a newly invented Doppler Phonolyser machine is compared with the conventional stethoscope. \u0000Methods: In a cross-sectional study, a total of 112 patients referred to the pediatric cardiology clinic at were enrolled between Jan. 2017 and Jan. 2018. In step one, the patients were initially examined by a pediatric cardiologist, and then in step two,; they were randomly divided into two groups (A and B) and were blindly re-examined by a 2nd-year pediatric resident. In Group A (Statoscope group), heart auscultation was performed using only a conventional Statoscope whereas, in Group B (Statoscope + DPM), heart sounds were detected and analyzed using a stethoscope and Doppler Phonolyser Machine. In the third step, the diagnostic results made by the pediatric cardiologist, the pediatric residents in groups A and B were compared with the final diagnostic echocardiography made by a pediatric cardiologist. \u0000Results: Heart murmurs as one of the most common reasons for cardiologist referrals consist of about 65% of referrals to pediatric cardiologists. There was only a moderate correlation between a Stethoscope stethoscope and echocardiography to identify cardiac abnormality based on heart murmurs (56%), whilste there was a significant correlation between the diagnoses made by Doppler Phonolyser accompanied with the conventional statoscope when compared with the echocardiography results. \u0000Conclusion: Doppler Phonolyser is an innovative smart machine that could efficiently detect and analyze abnormal heart sounds and might play a role in more accurate and earlier diagnosis of congenital and structural heart defects by general physicians and non-cardiologist specialists, and may potentially reduce the mortality, morbidity, and cost of treatment as well as anxiety of the patient's family.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44790389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.22038/IJP.2021.59233.4612
N. Shekarbeygi, M. Mirzaei-Alavijeh, F. Jalilian, B. Hamzeh, A. Almasi, M. Limoee, Negar Karimi, Masumeh Rezabigi, R. Pirouzeh, Seyyed Nasrollah Hosseini
Background: Pediculosis is still recognized as a worldwide infestation and is a major public health concern. The aim of this study was to determine the cognitive determinants predictors of pediculosis Preventive Behaviors (PPB) based on the Health Belief Model (HBM). Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 193 girls’ high school students in the west of Iran, during 2019 that were selected by random sampling method. Participants filled out a self-administered questionnaire including the Background variables, PPB questionnaire, and HBM determinants. Data were analyzed by SPSS-22 software using Pearson correlation test and linear regression analysis. Results: The mean age of students was 12.72 years [SD: 0.60], ranged from 12 to 14 years. The mean score of PPB was 7.72 [SD: 2.23], ranged from 0 to 10. HBM determinants were accounted for 20% of the variation in PPB. The best predictors for PPB were perceived susceptibility (Beta: 0.303, P<0.001), perceived barriers (Beta: -0.217, P=0.004) and perceived self-efficacy (Beta: 0.158, P=0.040), respectively. Conclusion: It seems that the development and implementation of health promotion programs to increase susceptibility toward the risk of pediculosis, improve self-efficacy toward performing PPB, and reduce the barriers of students in adopting PPB may be usefulness results in order to prevent pediculosis.
{"title":"Cognitive Determinants Predictors of Pediculosis Preventive Behaviors: Application of Health Belief Model","authors":"N. Shekarbeygi, M. Mirzaei-Alavijeh, F. Jalilian, B. Hamzeh, A. Almasi, M. Limoee, Negar Karimi, Masumeh Rezabigi, R. Pirouzeh, Seyyed Nasrollah Hosseini","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.59233.4612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.59233.4612","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pediculosis is still recognized as a worldwide infestation and is a major public health concern. The aim of this study was to determine the cognitive determinants predictors of pediculosis Preventive Behaviors (PPB) based on the Health Belief Model (HBM).\u0000Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 193 girls’ high school students in the west of Iran, during 2019 that were selected by random sampling method. Participants filled out a self-administered questionnaire including the Background variables, PPB questionnaire, and HBM determinants. Data were analyzed by SPSS-22 software using Pearson correlation test and linear regression analysis.\u0000Results: The mean age of students was 12.72 years [SD: 0.60], ranged from 12 to 14 years. The mean score of PPB was 7.72 [SD: 2.23], ranged from 0 to 10. HBM determinants were accounted for 20% of the variation in PPB. The best predictors for PPB were perceived susceptibility (Beta: 0.303, P<0.001), perceived barriers (Beta: -0.217, P=0.004) and perceived self-efficacy (Beta: 0.158, P=0.040), respectively.\u0000Conclusion: It seems that the development and implementation of health promotion programs to increase susceptibility toward the risk of pediculosis, improve self-efficacy toward performing PPB, and reduce the barriers of students in adopting PPB may be usefulness results in order to prevent pediculosis.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45677711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-08DOI: 10.22038/IJP.2021.59266.4618
Mehran Karimi, Abdolhamid Jafari Nodoushan, S. J. Sayedi, Ali Shahzeidi
Introduction: Epiglottitis is an inflammatory disease involving the epiglottis, vallecula, aritenoid cartilage, and aryepiglottic wrinkles. Acute epiglottitis is relatively rare but can quickly lead to life-threatening airway obstruction. Diagnosis of epiglottitis is clinical, but radiography and direct vision of the epiglottis can also help with the diagnosis. Clinical manifestations of epiglottitis include fever, sore throat, and in the event of imminent airway obstruction, also may present with muffled sound, falls, tripod position, and stridor. Epiglottitis can be caused by some bacterial agents or viruses such as adenovirus and measles.COVID-19 was first detected in December 2019 in a group of patients with severe respiratory symptoms in Hubei Province, China. Common symptoms include fever, cough, fatigue, difficulty breathing, and loss of smell and taste. Although COVID-19 disease has a variety of manifestations, only one case of epiglottitis following COVID-19 disease has been reported in adults. Case presentation: The patient, a 4-year-old boy, came to our center and the patient's family complained of shortness of breath and progressive lethargy of the child 10 days ago. Since last week, he has been sleeping in a sitting position due to the aggravation of shortness of breath. On physical examination, respiratory distress, tachypnea, subcostal retraction, tail stridor, and crackle was heard in both lungs. Diagnosed with suspected bronchoscopy epiglottitis, a large, swollen, and cherry-red epiglottis was observed. Based on the patient's history of respiratory symptoms and the prevalence of COVID-19, a reverse pharyngeal polymerase (RT-PCR) transcript test was requested for COVID-19 and the COVID-19 infection was positive. Conclusion: In this article, we reported an 4-year-old child with epiglottitis in the context of COVID19.
{"title":"Epiglottitis in four – year- old boy caused by COVID-19 infection","authors":"Mehran Karimi, Abdolhamid Jafari Nodoushan, S. J. Sayedi, Ali Shahzeidi","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.59266.4618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.59266.4618","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Epiglottitis is an inflammatory disease involving the epiglottis, vallecula, aritenoid cartilage, and aryepiglottic wrinkles. Acute epiglottitis is relatively rare but can quickly lead to life-threatening airway obstruction. Diagnosis of epiglottitis is clinical, but radiography and direct vision of the epiglottis can also help with the diagnosis. Clinical manifestations of epiglottitis include fever, sore throat, and in the event of imminent airway obstruction, also may present with muffled sound, falls, tripod position, and stridor. Epiglottitis can be caused by some bacterial agents or viruses such as adenovirus and measles.COVID-19 was first detected in December 2019 in a group of patients with severe respiratory symptoms in Hubei Province, China. Common symptoms include fever, cough, fatigue, difficulty breathing, and loss of smell and taste. Although COVID-19 disease has a variety of manifestations, only one case of epiglottitis following COVID-19 disease has been reported in adults. \u0000\u0000Case presentation: The patient, a 4-year-old boy, came to our center and the patient's family complained of shortness of breath and progressive lethargy of the child 10 days ago. Since last week, he has been sleeping in a sitting position due to the aggravation of shortness of breath. On physical examination, respiratory distress, tachypnea, subcostal retraction, tail stridor, and crackle was heard in both lungs. Diagnosed with suspected bronchoscopy epiglottitis, a large, swollen, and cherry-red epiglottis was observed. Based on the patient's history of respiratory symptoms and the prevalence of COVID-19, a reverse pharyngeal polymerase (RT-PCR) transcript test was requested for COVID-19 and the COVID-19 infection was positive. \u0000\u0000Conclusion: In this article, we reported an 4-year-old child with epiglottitis in the context of COVID19.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48923621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.22038/IJP.2021.59748.4649
M. Salehian, Maryam Golabchi
Background: The increase of ADHD affects family relations and the mental health of family members as well as the child himself. The main purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of swimming training on reducing coping behaviors, cognitive problems and inattention of Elementary School female students with hyperactivity disorder.Method: The present applied research follows a descriptive-analytical method and a pre-post test experimental-control design. The participants included children with signs of hyperactivity (age=7.2±1.6 years) from welfare centers of Tabriz. The participants were randomly assigned to two experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. Before the initiation of the training program, the Conners questionnaire (parent form) was completed by the parents. The training was held every week in two 45-minute sessions for 2 months. At the end of the training, a practical test was performed according to the standards of the province sports board, and the scores were recorded on special sheets. After completing the exercises and testing, the Conners questionnaire for parents was again distributed among the parents. T tests were used for analyzing the data.Results: The results showed that swimming had a significant positive effect on reducing coping behaviors, cognitive problems and inattention of elementary school hyperactive girls.Conclusion: Exercise strengthens the primary atrial nervous system and promotes superior brain functions such as motor skills and integration in action, which can reduce social maladaptation by creating a conducive environment for increased self-confidence and empowerment
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Swimming Training on Reducing Coping Behaviors, Cognitive Problems and Inattention of Elementary School Hyperactive Girls","authors":"M. Salehian, Maryam Golabchi","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.59748.4649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.59748.4649","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The increase of ADHD affects family relations and the mental health of family members as well as the child himself. The main purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of swimming training on reducing coping behaviors, cognitive problems and inattention of Elementary School female students with hyperactivity disorder.Method: The present applied research follows a descriptive-analytical method and a pre-post test experimental-control design. The participants included children with signs of hyperactivity (age=7.2±1.6 years) from welfare centers of Tabriz. The participants were randomly assigned to two experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. Before the initiation of the training program, the Conners questionnaire (parent form) was completed by the parents. The training was held every week in two 45-minute sessions for 2 months. At the end of the training, a practical test was performed according to the standards of the province sports board, and the scores were recorded on special sheets. After completing the exercises and testing, the Conners questionnaire for parents was again distributed among the parents. T tests were used for analyzing the data.Results: The results showed that swimming had a significant positive effect on reducing coping behaviors, cognitive problems and inattention of elementary school hyperactive girls.Conclusion: Exercise strengthens the primary atrial nervous system and promotes superior brain functions such as motor skills and integration in action, which can reduce social maladaptation by creating a conducive environment for increased self-confidence and empowerment","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"9 1","pages":"14896-14906"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42981916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-30DOI: 10.22038/IJP.2021.59644.4644
Nagwan I Rashwan, A. Ahmed, Mohammed H. Hassan, Maha E. Mohammed, A. Bakri
Background:Mild microcytic hypochromic anemias caused by iron deficiency (IDA) and beta-thalassemia trait (βTT) continue to be problematic and a significant threat to society, particularly in relatively poor developing countries.The goal of this study was to use accuracy approach to improve the diagnostic function of eight different prejudiced indices in Egyptian pediatric patients with microcytic anaemia. Materials and methods: Eight discrimination indices diagnostic performance presented in previous studies were introduced to analyze the differences between β-βTTand IDA among Egyptian paediatric patients by using evaluation metrics calculated from RBC indices by various mathematical formulae. CBC , iron study and hemoglobin electrophoresis were performed to all included participants. Results: A total of 300 Egyptian paediatric patients with βTT or IDA were enrolled. The Mentzer and Ehsani index exhibited the highest diagnostic accuracy (100%) followed by Sirdah (97.5%), Sirvistava (95%), MDHL (92.5%) Green & King, Recierca, (90%), and Matos(70%).Indices with AUCs greater than 0.8, such as Mentzer, Ehsani, and Sirdah, had very valuable predictive accuracy in distinguishing between β-TT and IDA. Conclusion: Although Hb electrophoresis is the gold standard for diagnosing βTT, in developing countries, the Mentzer index, followed by the Ehsani and Sirdah indices, could be used as a simple , cheap method to distinguish βTT from IDA in pediatric patients with mild microcytic hypochromic anaemia.
{"title":"Hematological indices in differentiation between iron deficiency anemia and beta-thalassemia trait","authors":"Nagwan I Rashwan, A. Ahmed, Mohammed H. Hassan, Maha E. Mohammed, A. Bakri","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.59644.4644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.59644.4644","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Mild microcytic hypochromic anemias caused by iron deficiency (IDA) and beta-thalassemia trait (βTT) continue to be problematic and a significant threat to society, particularly in relatively poor developing countries.The goal of this study was to use accuracy approach to improve the diagnostic function of eight different prejudiced indices in Egyptian pediatric patients with microcytic anaemia.\u0000Materials and methods: Eight discrimination indices diagnostic performance presented in previous studies were introduced to analyze the differences between β-βTTand IDA among Egyptian paediatric patients by using evaluation metrics calculated from RBC indices by various mathematical formulae. CBC , iron study and hemoglobin electrophoresis were performed to all included participants.\u0000Results: A total of 300 Egyptian paediatric patients with βTT or IDA were enrolled. The Mentzer and Ehsani index exhibited the highest diagnostic accuracy (100%) followed by Sirdah (97.5%), Sirvistava (95%), MDHL (92.5%) Green & King, Recierca, (90%), and Matos(70%).Indices with AUCs greater than 0.8, such as Mentzer, Ehsani, and Sirdah, had very valuable predictive accuracy in distinguishing between β-TT and IDA.\u0000Conclusion: Although Hb electrophoresis is the gold standard for diagnosing βTT, in developing countries, the Mentzer index, followed by the Ehsani and Sirdah indices, could be used as a simple , cheap method to distinguish βTT from IDA in pediatric patients with mild microcytic hypochromic anaemia.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44980495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-28DOI: 10.22038/IJP.2021.58744.4591
H. Karami, Sahar Borna, F. Hosseinzadeh, Elahe Mahmoodi, B. Aghaee, M. S. Rezai
Background: One of the most common food allergies in infants is cow’s milk allergy (CMA). There is no available effective therapeutic strategy for this issue. It's important to develop effective approaches to reduce the risk of cow’s milk allergy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of probiotics in infants with cow’s milk protein intolerance. Materials and methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial in full-term infants with CMA diagnosis. These patients were divided into case and control groups (receiving placebo and probiotic). Clinical symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain and etc. were evaluated in 2, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks after receiving probiotics. Results: During 16 weeks of the study, a significant decrease was observed in clinical and paraclinical findings in both groups. There was a statistically significant decrease in times of mucosal, bloody and daily defecation of patients on 4th, 8th and 12th week. Also, a significant difference was found between both groups for diarrhea and abdominal cramps from the 4th week. Conclusion: The consumption of probiotics for a short time in infants with CMA significantly decreased the clinical and paraclinical symptoms.
{"title":"Use of Probiotics in Infants with Cow’s Milk Allergy: A randomized, placebo controlled trial","authors":"H. Karami, Sahar Borna, F. Hosseinzadeh, Elahe Mahmoodi, B. Aghaee, M. S. Rezai","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.58744.4591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.58744.4591","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the most common food allergies in infants is cow’s milk allergy (CMA). There is no available effective therapeutic strategy for this issue. It's important to develop effective approaches to reduce the risk of cow’s milk allergy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of probiotics in infants with cow’s milk protein intolerance.\u0000Materials and methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial in full-term infants with CMA diagnosis. These patients were divided into case and control groups (receiving placebo and probiotic). Clinical symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain and etc. were evaluated in 2, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks after receiving probiotics.\u0000Results: During 16 weeks of the study, a significant decrease was observed in clinical and paraclinical findings in both groups. There was a statistically significant decrease in times of mucosal, bloody and daily defecation of patients on 4th, 8th and 12th week. Also, a significant difference was found between both groups for diarrhea and abdominal cramps from the 4th week.\u0000Conclusion: The consumption of probiotics for a short time in infants with CMA significantly decreased the clinical and paraclinical symptoms.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48349661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-27DOI: 10.22038/IJP.2021.58524.4593
A. Bagherzadeh, S. Shiva, Mahmoud Samadi, Seyyed-Reza Sadat-Ebrahimi
Introduction: GnRH agonists are the standard treatment for precocious puberty. Studies on the side effects of these drugs in adults have shown that these drugs may cause changes in ECG and some cardiovascular effects; however, few studies have evaluated these effects in children. This study aims to investigate the effect of these drugs on ECG intervals in children with precocious puberty. Methods & Materials: In this study with a pre-post study design 50 children with precocious puberty referred to the endocrinology clinic of Tabriz Children's Hospital in 2019 for receiving GnRH agonists were included. From all patients, ECG was obtained before starting treatment and then 6, 12, and 18 weeks later and PR, QRS, and QTc intervals were extracted from ECG records. Results: The mean age of included patients was 91±9 months including 48 (96%) girls and 2 (4%) boys. Triptorelin (GnRH agonist) was administered for all patients with standard protocol. Comparison of pre- and post-treatment ECG intervals showed that the drug did not cause a significant change in PR (p = 0.535) and QTc (p = 0.250) intervals, whilst there was a significant increase in QRS interval after treatment (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The use of GnRH agonists in children can lead to some changes in ECG records by increasing in QRS intervals and ECG could be used as a tool to detect these changes. Further studies are also needed to identify ECG changes in larger sample sizes and longer intervals.
{"title":"Evaluation of Changes in Electrocardiogram Intervals During Treatment with Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonists in Patients with Precocious Puberty","authors":"A. Bagherzadeh, S. Shiva, Mahmoud Samadi, Seyyed-Reza Sadat-Ebrahimi","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.58524.4593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.58524.4593","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: GnRH agonists are the standard treatment for precocious puberty. Studies on the side effects of these drugs in adults have shown that these drugs may cause changes in ECG and some cardiovascular effects; however, few studies have evaluated these effects in children. This study aims to investigate the effect of these drugs on ECG intervals in children with precocious puberty.\u0000Methods & Materials: In this study with a pre-post study design 50 children with precocious puberty referred to the endocrinology clinic of Tabriz Children's Hospital in 2019 for receiving GnRH agonists were included. From all patients, ECG was obtained before starting treatment and then 6, 12, and 18 weeks later and PR, QRS, and QTc intervals were extracted from ECG records.\u0000Results: The mean age of included patients was 91±9 months including 48 (96%) girls and 2 (4%) boys. Triptorelin (GnRH agonist) was administered for all patients with standard protocol. Comparison of pre- and post-treatment ECG intervals showed that the drug did not cause a significant change in PR (p = 0.535) and QTc (p = 0.250) intervals, whilst there was a significant increase in QRS interval after treatment (p = 0.001). \u0000Conclusion: The use of GnRH agonists in children can lead to some changes in ECG records by increasing in QRS intervals and ECG could be used as a tool to detect these changes. Further studies are also needed to identify ECG changes in larger sample sizes and longer intervals.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49598583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-26DOI: 10.22038/IJP.2021.58958.4598
S. Jalilolghadr, Manouchehr Taghiloo, E. Parsarad, Mohammad Taherahmadi, H. Taherahmadi
Background: Polysomnography is a gold standard method for examination of information obtained from physiological changes in the body related to sleep. The aim of this study was to diagnose respiratory disorders in children and adolescents with sleep disorders using polysomnography. Methods: In this cross-sectional retrospective study, the complete data of 112 children and adolescents aged 0-18 years that were referred to the sleep ward of Qazvin children's hospital due to sleep disorders were collected. The results of polysomnography and severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) were determined. SPSS 21 software and frequency table were used to determine the prevalence of the variables. Results: The most common sleep disorder was restless sleep (68; 60.71%). One hundred and four (92.85%) patients had sleep apnea. Also, 66 (58.92%) patients with severe OSA, 19 (16.96%) patients with moderate OSA, 14 (12.5%) patients with mild OSA and 5 (4.46%) patients with central sleep apnea were observed. Eighty eight (78.57%) children had less than normal sleep efficiency (less than 90%) and 34 (30.35%) had normal and desirable sleep efficiency. Total adenotonsilectomy, medical therapy for OSA and non-invasive ventilation (NIV) were recommended for 46 (41.7%), 27 (24.10%) and 20 (17.85%) patients, respectively. Conclusion: Respiratory disorders symptoms during sleep were seen in our results, especially in children with a history of adenotonsillectomy. Based on the severity of symptoms, medication was prescribed for children. Referral of children suspected to sleep disorders to a physician by parents is essential for control and treatment of this disease.
{"title":"Evaluation of sleep-disordered breathing in children and adolescents referred to the sleep ward of Qazvin children's hospital during 2014-2019","authors":"S. Jalilolghadr, Manouchehr Taghiloo, E. Parsarad, Mohammad Taherahmadi, H. Taherahmadi","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.58958.4598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.58958.4598","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Polysomnography is a gold standard method for examination of information obtained from physiological changes in the body related to sleep. The aim of this study was to diagnose respiratory disorders in children and adolescents with sleep disorders using polysomnography.\u0000Methods: In this cross-sectional retrospective study, the complete data of 112 children and adolescents aged 0-18 years that were referred to the sleep ward of Qazvin children's hospital due to sleep disorders were collected. The results of polysomnography and severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) were determined. SPSS 21 software and frequency table were used to determine the prevalence of the variables.\u0000Results: The most common sleep disorder was restless sleep (68; 60.71%). One hundred and four (92.85%) patients had sleep apnea. Also, 66 (58.92%) patients with severe OSA, 19 (16.96%) patients with moderate OSA, 14 (12.5%) patients with mild OSA and 5 (4.46%) patients with central sleep apnea were observed. Eighty eight (78.57%) children had less than normal sleep efficiency (less than 90%) and 34 (30.35%) had normal and desirable sleep efficiency. Total adenotonsilectomy, medical therapy for OSA and non-invasive ventilation (NIV) were recommended for 46 (41.7%), 27 (24.10%) and 20 (17.85%) patients, respectively.\u0000Conclusion: Respiratory disorders symptoms during sleep were seen in our results, especially in children with a history of adenotonsillectomy. Based on the severity of symptoms, medication was prescribed for children. Referral of children suspected to sleep disorders to a physician by parents is essential for control and treatment of this disease.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44264474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-26DOI: 10.22038/IJP.2021.57453.4511
Samaneh Norooziasl, Zhila Afshar, N. Ghaemi, R. Vakili, S. Alamdaran, Z. Shaye, Peyman Eshraqhi
Introduction: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a potentially life-threatening form of primary adrenal insufficiency characterized by cortisol, aldosterone, and epinephrine deficiencies, as well as overproduction of androgen. Infertility is one of the most important complications in male patients with CAH, and testicular adrenal rest tumors (TARTs) are known to be the most important caause of infertility in these patients. In the present study, the prevalence of TART and factors associated with its development were evaluated in patients with CAH. Methods & Materials: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study evaluating 30 males (6 month -18 years) with the classical 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) through testicular ultrasonography. Data including age, bone age, puberty, 21-OHD phenotype (salt wasting (SW) or simple virilizing (SV)) and serum levels of 17- hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), androstenedione and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were records. Results: The prevalence of TART was determined 56.7%, which increased with age with higher prevalence in children >12 (52.9%) year old. The mean age in patients with TART was 12.4 ± 4.18 years. No association was found between TART and 21-OHD phenotype, androstenedione, or 17OHP levels, but an association was found between TART and elevated levels of ACTH (p= 0.049), advanced bone age (p= 0.030) and puberty (p= 0.003). Conclusion: According to the results, TART is very common and can occur in pre-pubertal and young patients, and the disease control could be a factor associated with its development. Therefore, it is suggested to investigate the TART development early in childhood, mainly in poorly controlled 21-OHD patients.
{"title":"Prevalence of testicular adrenal rest tumor and factors associated with its development in 6 month to 18 years-old patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","authors":"Samaneh Norooziasl, Zhila Afshar, N. Ghaemi, R. Vakili, S. Alamdaran, Z. Shaye, Peyman Eshraqhi","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.57453.4511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.57453.4511","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a potentially life-threatening form of primary adrenal insufficiency characterized by cortisol, aldosterone, and epinephrine deficiencies, as well as overproduction of androgen. Infertility is one of the most important complications in male patients with CAH, and testicular adrenal rest tumors (TARTs) are known to be the most important caause of infertility in these patients. In the present study, the prevalence of TART and factors associated with its development were evaluated in patients with CAH.\u0000Methods & Materials: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study evaluating 30 males (6 month -18 years) with the classical 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) through testicular ultrasonography. Data including age, bone age, puberty, 21-OHD phenotype (salt wasting (SW) or simple virilizing (SV)) and serum levels of 17- hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), androstenedione and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were records.\u0000Results: The prevalence of TART was determined 56.7%, which increased with age with higher prevalence in children >12 (52.9%) year old. The mean age in patients with TART was 12.4 ± 4.18 years. No association was found between TART and 21-OHD phenotype, androstenedione, or 17OHP levels, but an association was found between TART and elevated levels of ACTH (p= 0.049), advanced bone age (p= 0.030) and puberty (p= 0.003).\u0000 Conclusion: According to the results, TART is very common and can occur in pre-pubertal and young patients, and the disease control could be a factor associated with its development. Therefore, it is suggested to investigate the TART development early in childhood, mainly in poorly controlled 21-OHD patients.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43101119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.22038/IJP.2021.60598.4683
Nasrin Jalalimanesh, J. Ghanavi, Maryam Hassanzad, P. Farnia, S. J. Sayedi, A. Velayati
Background Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a mutation in CF transmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR). Clinical manifestations of disease and their severity have considerable variations in patients having similar mutation in CFTR gene. This can be due to different polymorphisms, epigenetic changes and microRNAs (miRNAs) as gene modifiers. Considering the proven roles of miR-301b and miR-302b on infection and inflammation, expression of these miRNAs might change in CF patients. Materials and Methods: In this study, 30 CF patients (homozygous for ΔF508 mutation) and 30 healthy individuals were participated and their demographic data were recorded. The whole RNA was extracted from serum samples and cDNA was synthesized. Using Real-Time PCR, expression levels of miR-301b and miR-302b were measured between patient and normal groups. Patient classification was carried out based on Shwachman-Kulczycki score, and expression levels of these miRNAs were determined in these classifications. All statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS software V21. Results: Statistical analyses of qRT-PCR results showed a significant increase in serum levels of miR-301b and miR-302b expression (p-Values of 0.02 and 0.03; fold changes of 3.73 and 1.95, respectively) in CF patients compared to healthy controls. A significant increase (p<0.05) in miR-301b expression level was observed in severe, moderate and mild groups, while miR-302b expression level was increased in CF patients of severe and moderate groups according to Shwachman-Kulczycki score. Conclusion Expression levels of miR-301b and miR-302b are different based on clinical scoring system. This data suggests that expressions of these two miRNAs are influenced by infection and inflammation of CF patients. Further studies can lead to development of innovative treatment strategies.
{"title":"Evaluation of miR-301b and miR-302b Expression in Serum of Cystic Fibrosis Patients and Association with Clinical Scoring System","authors":"Nasrin Jalalimanesh, J. Ghanavi, Maryam Hassanzad, P. Farnia, S. J. Sayedi, A. Velayati","doi":"10.22038/IJP.2021.60598.4683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJP.2021.60598.4683","url":null,"abstract":"Background \u0000Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a mutation in CF transmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR). Clinical manifestations of disease and their severity have considerable variations in patients having similar mutation in CFTR gene. This can be due to different polymorphisms, epigenetic changes and microRNAs (miRNAs) as gene modifiers. Considering the proven roles of miR-301b and miR-302b on infection and inflammation, expression of these miRNAs might change in CF patients.\u0000Materials and Methods: In this study, 30 CF patients (homozygous for ΔF508 mutation) and 30 healthy individuals were participated and their demographic data were recorded. The whole RNA was extracted from serum samples and cDNA was synthesized. Using Real-Time PCR, expression levels of miR-301b and miR-302b were measured between patient and normal groups. Patient classification was carried out based on Shwachman-Kulczycki score, and expression levels of these miRNAs were determined in these classifications. All statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS software V21.\u0000Results: Statistical analyses of qRT-PCR results showed a significant increase in serum levels of miR-301b and miR-302b expression (p-Values of 0.02 and 0.03; fold changes of 3.73 and 1.95, respectively) in CF patients compared to healthy controls. A significant increase (p<0.05) in miR-301b expression level was observed in severe, moderate and mild groups, while miR-302b expression level was increased in CF patients of severe and moderate groups according to Shwachman-Kulczycki score.\u0000Conclusion\u0000Expression levels of miR-301b and miR-302b are different based on clinical scoring system. This data suggests that expressions of these two miRNAs are influenced by infection and inflammation of CF patients. Further studies can lead to development of innovative treatment strategies.","PeriodicalId":51591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68362575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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