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Research on Correlation Between Recreation Rules and Spatial Features of Community Parks Based on Multi-Source Data: A Case Study of Shanghai 基于多源数据的社区公园游憩规则与空间特征相关性研究:上海案例研究
Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.3724/j.fjyl.202310290487
Yuhan Shao, Huilin Lu
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引用次数: 0
The Necessity for a New View of Nature 新自然观的必要性
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3724/j.fjyl.202309080406
Andersson (DNK) Stig L., Lyuyuan Jia, Xiyue Wang
: Humanity’s current situation is unsustainable, and doing nothing is becoming more and more absurd. To change our situation, we need to change our ontological foundations and understanding of nature. To do so we must acknowledge that we as humans are nature, and secondly revise our perception of past experiences and views of nature. To transition to a sustainable society, we cannot rely on scientific arguments and language — change must come through an acknowledgement of the aesthetic sense of nature. A radical non-rational approach, that can only be experienced unconditionally. Being embraced by nature affect us in numerous powerful, but often neglected ways. The power of being in nature, of sensing nature, bears several unique opportunities — in short, it bears the power of improving our ability to see the world from other perspectives and thus understand our place in and with nature. Despite the grave status of nature, with a biodiversity in decline we can’t seem to act. We tend to accept “it’s just the way things are” and losing the will to act. If we accept humanity as nature, it can trough the aesthetic sense of nature, give us an understanding of humanity’s cohesion and thus give us back the ability to act. This implies an acceptance of nature in all aspects; the ugly, slimy, and smelly part as well as the ruined landscape of capitalist and agricultural practices. Through the aesthetic sense of nature, we’ll be able to envision an alternative green world where we can coexist with other beings. As designers, our role is not to create a finished composition but to establish the framework for uncontrolled development. Experiencing nature is personal and immeasurable, yet shareable. These experiences are vital for our personal wellbeing and humanity’s future.
:人类目前的处境难以为继,无所作为越来越荒谬。要改变现状,我们需要改变我们的本体论基础和对自然的理解。为此,我们必须承认我们人类就是大自然,其次要修正我们对过去的经验和对大自然的看法。要过渡到可持续发展的社会,我们不能依靠科学论证和语言--必须通过承认自然的美学意义来改变。这是一种激进的非理性方法,只能无条件地体验。被大自然拥抱会对我们产生无数强大的影响,但这种影响往往被忽视。置身大自然、感知大自然的力量蕴含着若干独特的机遇--简而言之,它能够提高我们从其他角度看世界的能力,从而理解我们在大自然中的位置以及我们与大自然的关系。尽管大自然的地位十分重要,但随着生物多样性的减少,我们似乎无法采取行动。我们倾向于接受 "事情就是这样",而失去了行动的意愿。如果我们将人类视为自然,就能通过对自然的审美,让我们了解人类的凝聚力,从而重新获得行动的能力。这意味着接受自然的方方面面,包括丑陋、粘稠和恶臭的部分,以及资本主义和农业实践所造成的废墟景观。通过对自然的审美感知,我们将能够设想出另一个绿色世界,在那里我们可以与其他生物共存。作为设计师,我们的职责不是创造一个完整的构图,而是为不受控制的发展建立框架。体验自然是个人的、不可估量的,但也是可以分享的。这些体验对我们个人的福祉和人类的未来都至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Origin and Characteristics of the Traditional Dike − Polder Human Settlement System of Xitiaoxi Watershed 西沱溪流域传统圩田人类聚落系统的起源与特征
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3724/j.fjyl.202306080266
Jinlu Sun, Qing Wang, Wei‐yao Guo
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引用次数: 0
Imagining Two Metropolitan Landscapes: A Comparative Territorial Transect Method for Milan and Hangzhou 想象两个大都市的景观:米兰和杭州的国土横断面比较法
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3724/j.fjyl.202309150423
Christian Nolf (BEL), Florence Vannoorbeeck (BEL), Shiyi Yan, Yuting Xie
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引用次数: 0
Characterizing Mountain Landscape Complexity: Comparison of Landscape Character Assessment in the National Parks of the United Kingdom 描述山区景观的复杂性:英国国家公园景观特征评估比较
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3724/j.fjyl.202309040392
Yeng Xuan Tan, Zheng Li
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引用次数: 0
Identification of Characters of Cultural Landscape in Wuyishan National Park from the Perspective of Stratification 从分层的角度识别武夷山国家公园的文化景观特征
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3724/j.fjyl.202308280386
Yuqian Tu, Jingya Zhang
: [Objective] China’s protected areas have dual attributes of nature and humanity. Cultural landscape, as a synthesis of humanistic material elements and their combination forms in the natural environment, reflects the relationship between man and nature at typical historical nodes. Foreign research on the cultural value of protected areas involves a number of fields. To effectively identify the cultural value of protected areas, it is necessary to combine the two methods of landscape character assessment (LCA) and historic landscape characterization (HLC), which can not only take full advantage of digital and spatial information technology, but also identify the types and characters of local historical landscape in a fully covered manner from the bottom up, thus providing a scientific basis for the identification of cultural value of protected areas. In China, the research on the cultural value of protected areas is mainly concentrated in the fields of scenic spots, traditional mountains and heritage sites, with the evaluation of spot scenic resources being the main research method for identification, while the analysis of the dynamic evolution characteristics of cultural landscape is lacking. The key to the spatial planning and the overall management and protection of natural protected areas in China is to identify the characters of cultural landscape systematically, objectively and visually, and to realize the regional and visual analysis. [Methods] Taking Wuyishan National Park as an example, this research, based on the dynamic and stratified characters of cultural landscape, adopts the methods of LCA and HLC in the landscape character identification stage to identify the characters of cultural landscape in multiple typical historical periods, interprets the stratified evolution process of cultural landscape in Wuyishan National Park in terms of time series structure, and defines the high-stratification cultural area, namely the area with the most significant cultural stratification characteristics. At the same time, considering that most domestic and foreign researches select identification elements from the two aspects of nature and culture, while paying
:[目的] 中国的保护区具有自然和人文的双重属性。文化景观作为自然环境中人文物质要素及其组合形式的综合体,反映了典型历史节点上人与自然的关系。国外对保护区文化价值的研究涉及多个领域。要有效识别保护区的文化价值,必须将景观特征评估(LCA)和历史景观特征描述(HLC)两种方法结合起来,既能充分利用数字化和空间信息技术的优势,又能自下而上全覆盖地识别当地历史景观的类型和特征,从而为保护区文化价值的识别提供科学依据。在我国,保护区文化价值的研究主要集中在风景名胜区、传统名山和遗产地等领域,以景点景观资源评价为主要识别研究方法,而缺乏对文化景观动态演化特征的分析。系统、客观、直观地识别文化景观特征,实现区域性、直观性分析,是我国自然保护区空间规划和整体管理保护的关键。[方法]本研究以武夷山国家公园为例,基于文化景观的动态性和分层性特征,在景观特征识别阶段采用LCA和HLC方法识别多个典型历史时期的文化景观特征,从时间序列结构上解读武夷山国家公园文化景观的分层演化过程,定义高分层文化区,即文化分层特征最显著的区域。同时,考虑到国内外研究多从自然和文化两个方面选取识别要素,而对武夷山国家公园文化景观的识别则注重
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Five Topics in Multi-Scale Identification of Landscape Characters in Europe 欧洲景观特征多尺度识别中的五个专题分析
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3724/j.fjyl.202309180428
Diechuan Yang, Chi Gao
: [Objective] In the context of rapid globalization and urbanization, the decline of landscape has continued to capture attention worldwide while landscapes are losing their diversity, continuity and locality characters. How to protect, plan and manage landscape in a systematic way has become a constant issue. Landscape character has been defined as “a distinct, recognizable and consistent pattern of landscape elements that makes one landscape different from another, rather than better or worse”. As an effective tool for understanding the connotation of landscape, managing landscape change, and identifying landscape value, landscape character assessment (LCA) has been researched and carried out worldwide. Featuring the combination of subjectivity and objectivity, landscape characterization is one of the fundamental tasks in carrying out territorial landscape protection, planning and management. Most of the existing LCA researches focus on the identification stage for it is a prerequisite for assessment. More importantly, the connotations of LCA and the “Europe Landscape Convention” (ELC) pose challenges for synthesizing the relationship between qualitativeness and quantitativeness, and between subjectivity and objectivity in identification. This research aims to systematically sort out the relationship between qualitativeness and quantitativeness, and between subjectivity and objectivity in multi-scale identification, and to provide reference for whole area identification of landscape characters in China in the context of territorial spatial planning. [Methods] Based on literature induction and deduction, this research derives from the definition of landscape character in Europe five core questions with respect to the identification of landscape character: 1) Who identifies landscape character; 2) what are the elements included in landscape character; 3) how to perceive landscape character; 4) how to identify landscape character; and 5) how to express landscape character. On this basis, the research analyzes relevant cases of landscape character identification by induction and deduction, and takes scale variation as the carrier integrating subjective and objective attributes of landscape character and subjective judgments in landscape
:[目的] 在全球化和城市化迅速发展的背景下,景观的衰退继续引起全世界的关注,景观的多样性、连续性和地方特色正在丧失。如何系统地保护、规划和管理景观已成为一个永恒的课题。景观特征被定义为 "一种独特的、可识别的和一致的景观元素模式,它使一个景观与另 一个景观不同,而不是更好或更差"。作为理解景观内涵、管理景观变化和识别景观价值的有效工具,景观特征评估(LCA)在世界范围内得到了广泛的研究和开展。景观特征评估兼具主观性和客观性,是开展地域景观保护、规划和管理的基本任务之一。现有的景观特征评估研究大多集中在识别阶段,因为这是评估的前提。更重要的是,生命周期评估和 "欧洲景观公约"(ELC)的内涵对综合处理识别中的定性与定量、主观与客观之间的关系提出了挑战。本研究旨在系统梳理多尺度识别中定性与定量、主观与客观的关系,为我国国土空间规划背景下的景观特征全域识别提供参考。[方法] 本研究在文献归纳和演绎的基础上,从欧洲景观特征的定义中引申出景观特征识别的五个核心问题:1)谁来识别景观特征;2)景观特征包括哪些要素;3)如何感知景观特征;4)如何识别景观特征;5)如何表达景观特征。在此基础上,通过归纳和演绎,分析景观特征识别的相关案例,并以尺度变化为载体,整合景观特征的主客观属性和景观特征的主观判断。
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引用次数: 0
The Habitat and Diversity of Spontaneous Plants in Industrial Wasteland in the Fourth Ring Road of Chengdu 成都四环路工业废弃地自生植物的生境与多样性
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3724/j.fjyl.202307050301
Yuting Bao, Xiaopeng Li, Rui Huang
: [Objective] In cities, there is a category of plants given little attention, the so-called spontaneous plants. Although being “indigenous urban inhabitants”, such plants are often seen as targets for removal due to their rough and messy appearance, strong breeding and settlement capabilities, and competitive advantage over cultivated plants. However, in the current context of ecological sustainability, people are gradually realizing that large-scale homogenized landscapes are not the optimal solution for the healthy development of urban ecosystems. It is necessary to explore other beneficial solutions, and spontaneous plants, the inconspicuous “urban weeds”, may be the “key” to such new solutions. Urban industrial wasteland is one of the important habitats for spontaneous plants. Revealing the species composition and diversity characteristics of spontaneous plants in such special habitats may guide the construction of low-maintenance plantscape. [Methods] This research focuses on the central urban area within the Fourth Ring Road (Chengdu Ring Expressway) in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province. The area is divided into the four parts of southeast, northeast, northwest, and southwest parts, based on the lines connecting the four entrances and exits of the Chengdu Ring Expressway to Tianfu Square. Through stratified random sampling, the research determines the potential for reusing wasteland as green space based on land use planning, surrounding water systems, and people’s usage needs. Subsequently, the research selects from within the Fourth Ring Road 10 typical industrial wastelands, including the lands for both light and heavy industries, based on their distribution, size, and industrial type. In total, 584 quadrats are recorded, and the habitat types of spontaneous plants are categorized into four major types: abandoned habitat, semi-hard habitat, wetland habitat, and building habitat. Furthermore, 14 micro-habitat types including spontaneous grassland, spontaneous shrub grassland, and spontaneous underwood are classified
:[目的] 在城市中,有一类植物很少受到关注,即所谓的自生植物。这类植物虽然是 "城市原住民",但由于其外表粗糙杂乱、繁殖和定居能力强,与栽培植物相比具有竞争优势,因此往往被视为清除对象。然而,在当前生态可持续发展的背景下,人们逐渐意识到,大规模的同质化景观并不是城市生态系统健康发展的最佳解决方案。我们有必要探索其他有益的解决方案,而自生植物--不起眼的 "城市杂草"--可能就是这些新解决方案的 "钥匙"。城市工业废弃地是自生植物的重要栖息地之一。揭示这类特殊生境中自生植物的物种组成和多样性特征,可为建设低维护植物景观提供指导。[方法] 本研究以四川省成都市四环路(成环快速路)以内的中心城区为研究对象。根据成都绕城高速四个出入口与天府广场的连接线,将该区域划分为东南、东北、西北、西南四个部分。研究通过分层随机抽样,根据土地利用规划、周边水系和人们的使用需求,确定荒地作为绿地再利用的潜力。随后,研究根据荒地的分布、面积和工业类型,从四环路内选取了 10 块典型的工业荒地,包括轻工业和重工业用地。共记录了 584 个方格,并将自生植物的生境类型分为四大类:废弃生境、半硬质生境、湿地生境和建筑生境。此外,还划分了自生草地、自生灌木草地、自生林下等 14 种微生境类型
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引用次数: 0
Values of Chengdu Urban Wilderness Landscape Under Public Cognition 公众认知下的成都城市荒野景观价值
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3724/j.fjyl.202306190281
Dandan Xi, Si Liu, Yu Liu, Dajiang Sun
: [Objective] Most of the existing park green spaces in Chengdu City are facing problems such as lack of care and serious wilderness, and the ability to gain public awareness of urban wilderness landscape is of great significance for the transformation of such green spaces. However, scholars at home and abroad have conducted very few empirical studies on urban wilderness landscape, and there is a serious lack of basic surveys on the distribution, use, and public preferences thereof. Therefore, this research constructs a diversified value assessment system for urban wilderness landscape on the basis of previous researches on the value of urban wilderness landscape purely at the theoretical level, with a view to providing suggestions and strategies for transformation of parks presenting a tendency of wildness, and providing theoretical references for the formulation of urban wilderness protection policies through field research, thus guiding the transformation and renewal of wilderness parks in Chengdu City. [Method] Firstly, this research extracts the indicators for evaluating the value of urban wilderness landscape from a large amount of existing literature, and adopts the expert consultation method to construct an urban wilderness value assessment indicator system applicable to the characteristics of Chengdu City itself. Secondly, the research adopts the method of public participation geographic information system (PPGIS) , in combination with questionnaires, rating scales, and semi-structured interviews, interview 500 citizens in Qinglong Lake Wetland Park in Chengdu, and finally collects a total of 480 pieces of valid data, including data on value cognition and spatial positioning of the interviewees. Subsequently, the research statistically analyzes the data collected using Excel, and tests data reliability and validity, as well as the correlation between demographic characteristics variables and factors influencing the values of urban wilderness landscape with SPSS 26.0 software. Finally, the research draws visual drawings with ArcGIS 10.8 software, conducts area measurement with AutoCAD 2020 software, and analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of the values of urban wilderness landscape and the correlations thereof with different levels of wilderness landscape based on the results. [Results] 1) In terms of public cognition, the public’s understanding and overall cognition of the concept of urban wilderness (landscape) is quite poor. Demographic variables are correlated with the public cognition of the values of urban wilderness landscape, and there are differences in the cognition of different values among different social groups. 2) From the perspective of spatial distribution, the five values of urban wilderness landscape present different spatial distribution characteristics, and the distribution of cognition degree is relatively decentralized. The concentrated area is dominated by natural elements such as water bodies, hillsi
:[目的] 成都市现有公园绿地大多面临着缺乏管护、荒野化严重等问题,能否获得公众对城市荒野景观的认知,对此类绿地的改造具有重要意义。然而,国内外学者对城市荒野景观的实证研究非常少,严重缺乏对其分布、使用、公众偏好等方面的基础调查。因此,本研究在以往纯理论层面的城市荒野景观价值研究的基础上,构建了多元化的城市荒野景观价值评估体系,以期为呈现荒野化倾向的公园改造提供建议和策略,并通过实地调研为城市荒野保护政策的制定提供理论参考,从而指导成都市荒野公园的改造与更新。[方法]首先,本研究从大量已有文献中提取城市荒野景观价值评价指标,采用专家咨询法构建适用于成都市自身特点的城市荒野价值评价指标体系。其次,研究采用公众参与地理信息系统(PPGIS)的方法,结合问卷调查、评分量表、半结构式访谈等方法,对成都市青龙湖湿地公园的 500 名市民进行访谈,最终收集到包括受访者价值认知、空间定位等数据在内的有效数据共计 480 条。随后,研究利用 Excel 对收集到的数据进行统计分析,并利用 SPSS 26.0 软件检验数据的信度和效度,以及人口统计特征变量与城市野趣景观价值观影响因素之间的相关性。最后,研究利用 ArcGIS 10.8 软件绘制可视化图纸,利用 AutoCAD 2020 软件进行面积测量,并根据测量结果分析城市荒野景观价值的空间分布特征及其与不同级别荒野景观的相关性。[结果] 1)在公众认知方面,公众对城市荒野(景观)概念的理解和整体认知度较低。人口统计学变量与公众对城市荒野景观价值的认知存在相关性,不同社会群体对不同价值的认知存在差异。2)从空间分布来看,城市荒野景观的五种价值呈现出不同的空间分布特征,认知度分布相对分散。集中区域以水体、山坡、植物等自然要素为主。车站、座椅、道路、路灯等人工要素也是影响公众认知的重要因素。3)从空间比例上看,不同等级的荒野对公众认知也有一定影响,公众对城市荒野质量等级的认知以中等质量和低质量为主,认为中等质量荒野的景观价值最高,高质量荒野的景观价值最低。这与单纯从生态角度或人文角度判断城市荒野景观价值的结论不同,本研究的视角基于上述多元化的价值评价体系,对城市荒野景观的价值进行了较为全面的概括。[结论]从概念理解、认知分级、空间分布等方面揭示了公众对城市荒野景观价值的认知。后续研究应着重于提高理解程度、平衡自然与人工要素的比例、保留或创造不同品质的荒野景观、针对不同受众制定不同的改造策略等方面,以更好地指导成都市荒野公园的改造与更新。
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引用次数: 0
Wilderness Garden and Amphitheater: Seasonal Changes and Vicissitude of the Site Located to the East of Xupai 荒野花园和露天剧场:位于旭派以东的遗址的季节变化和脆弱性
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3724/j.fjyl.202312190579
Liangjun Zhou, Ting Zhou
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引用次数: 0
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Landscape Architecture
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