Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a progressive neurological disorder of children or young adults caused by measles infection. An abnormal immune response to the virus is said to cause brain inflammation, which may last for years. Mortality rate of the disease is around 95%. In this case report, we present the case of a 15-year-old unimmunized boy from rural Assam who presented with progressive sudden jerky movements of his limbs for 2 months, along with difficulty in doing his daily activities and forgetfulness. Although he was initially admitted with a provisional diagnosis of seizure disorder and treated with tab sodium valproate and tab clobazam, his mother, revealed a history of measles infection at 7 years of age. His Electroencephalogram (EEG) reports and CSF IgG measles antibody findings were suggestive of SSPE. He was immediately started on Tab Isoprinosine at adequate doses, but he later succumbed to his illness within 3 months of the onset of symptoms. Immunization of children with the measles vaccine plays a significant role in averting this deadly condition.
{"title":"Measles to Misfortune: A Case Report on Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis","authors":"D. Medhi, Himasree Thakuria","doi":"10.25259/abmh_17_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/abmh_17_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a progressive neurological disorder of children or young adults caused by measles infection. An abnormal immune response to the virus is said to cause brain inflammation, which may last for years. Mortality rate of the disease is around 95%. In this case report, we present the case of a 15-year-old unimmunized boy from rural Assam who presented with progressive sudden jerky movements of his limbs for 2 months, along with difficulty in doing his daily activities and forgetfulness. Although he was initially admitted with a provisional diagnosis of seizure disorder and treated with tab sodium valproate and tab clobazam, his mother, revealed a history of measles infection at 7 years of age. His Electroencephalogram (EEG) reports and CSF IgG measles antibody findings were suggestive of SSPE. He was immediately started on Tab Isoprinosine at adequate doses, but he later succumbed to his illness within 3 months of the onset of symptoms. Immunization of children with the measles vaccine plays a significant role in averting this deadly condition.","PeriodicalId":516727,"journal":{"name":"Academic Bulletin of Mental Health","volume":"9 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139846968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The term “nutraceutical” refers to a food or part of a food providing health or medical benefits that include prevention and treatment of a disease. It reinforces the concept of health in everyday diet as a part of nourishment and serves to functionalize food. Archaeological evidence shows that people began using plants as medicine some 60,000 years ago. Nutraceuticals are said to take part in the signal transduction pathways, maintenance of mitochondrial integrity, gene expression, and to have antioxidant effects. There are a number of nutraceuticals currently being used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, with positive results. However, they are not patent-protected and not government-sanctioned; thus, there is a lack of regulation on their production. Nevertheless, the integration of nutraceuticals into psychiatric care represents a promising avenue for enhancing mental health treatment.
{"title":"Use of Nutraceuticals in Psychiatry","authors":"Himasree Thakuria, D. Medhi","doi":"10.25259/abmh_21_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/abmh_21_2023","url":null,"abstract":"The term “nutraceutical” refers to a food or part of a food providing health or medical benefits that include prevention and treatment of a disease. It reinforces the concept of health in everyday diet as a part of nourishment and serves to functionalize food. Archaeological evidence shows that people began using plants as medicine some 60,000 years ago. Nutraceuticals are said to take part in the signal transduction pathways, maintenance of mitochondrial integrity, gene expression, and to have antioxidant effects. There are a number of nutraceuticals currently being used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, with positive results. However, they are not patent-protected and not government-sanctioned; thus, there is a lack of regulation on their production. Nevertheless, the integration of nutraceuticals into psychiatric care represents a promising avenue for enhancing mental health treatment.","PeriodicalId":516727,"journal":{"name":"Academic Bulletin of Mental Health","volume":"139 1-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139847350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siddharth Sarkar, Yatan Pal Singh Balhara, R. Quraishi
Several outcome measures have been utilized in addiction psychiatry. This paper discusses the various aspects of consideration for utilization and critical scrutiny of outcome measures used for various purposes in addiction psychiatry. We followed a narrative review methodology to describe the various facets of outcome measures used, including the types of outcome measures, target respondents, validity, and applicability of the outcome measures. Varied forms of outcome measures have been used in addiction psychiatry, which can be schematically divided into substance use frequency and/or amount, the impact of substance use on functioning, quality of life, broad functioning measures, costs incurred on substance use, recovery capital, and recovery, composite directed measures self-report, diagnostic instruments, ecological momentary assessment, biochemical verification, and other ancillary outcomes. Each of the methods has its own strengths and contextual utility. One would also need to consider cultural aspects and purported utility while planning and implementing outcome measures. Outcome measures have an important role in demonstrating effect and facilitating comparisons in addiction psychiatry, both in clinical trials and non-trial situations. Careful considerations for choosing outcome measures would enhance their utility.
{"title":"Clinical Outcome Measures in Addiction Psychiatry","authors":"Siddharth Sarkar, Yatan Pal Singh Balhara, R. Quraishi","doi":"10.25259/abmh_18_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/abmh_18_2023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Several outcome measures have been utilized in addiction psychiatry. This paper discusses the various aspects of consideration for utilization and critical scrutiny of outcome measures used for various purposes in addiction psychiatry.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000We followed a narrative review methodology to describe the various facets of outcome measures used, including the types of outcome measures, target respondents, validity, and applicability of the outcome measures.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Varied forms of outcome measures have been used in addiction psychiatry, which can be schematically divided into substance use frequency and/or amount, the impact of substance use on functioning, quality of life, broad functioning measures, costs incurred on substance use, recovery capital, and recovery, composite directed measures self-report, diagnostic instruments, ecological momentary assessment, biochemical verification, and other ancillary outcomes. Each of the methods has its own strengths and contextual utility. One would also need to consider cultural aspects and purported utility while planning and implementing outcome measures.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Outcome measures have an important role in demonstrating effect and facilitating comparisons in addiction psychiatry, both in clinical trials and non-trial situations. Careful considerations for choosing outcome measures would enhance their utility.\u0000","PeriodicalId":516727,"journal":{"name":"Academic Bulletin of Mental Health","volume":" 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139640349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A worrying and tragic uptick in mass suicides, particularly affecting women and children, is plaguing the Barmer area of Rajasthan. An in-depth analysis of the heart-breaking situation in Barmer is provided in this article, along with information on its underlying causes and remedial actions. In most of these mass suicides, parents deliberately choose to kill themselves, frequently by leaping into wells or water tanks and taking their kids with them. The causes of these heart-breaking acts are complex and firmly established in sociocultural factors. The Barmer administration and local authorities are actively interacting with the community in response to this epidemic, running awareness programs, and putting forward practical suicide prevention initiatives. The continuance of this problem, however, highlights the need for more all-encompassing and long-lasting solutions that address underlying problems, including gender inequity, financial hardship, and stigma around mental illness.
{"title":"Unearthing the Tragedy - Analysis of the Alarming Increase in Suicides in Barmer","authors":"Aashima Magotra","doi":"10.25259/abmh_13_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/abmh_13_2023","url":null,"abstract":"A worrying and tragic uptick in mass suicides, particularly affecting women and children, is plaguing the Barmer area of Rajasthan. An in-depth analysis of the heart-breaking situation in Barmer is provided in this article, along with information on its underlying causes and remedial actions. In most of these mass suicides, parents deliberately choose to kill themselves, frequently by leaping into wells or water tanks and taking their kids with them. The causes of these heart-breaking acts are complex and firmly established in sociocultural factors. The Barmer administration and local authorities are actively interacting with the community in response to this epidemic, running awareness programs, and putting forward practical suicide prevention initiatives. The continuance of this problem, however, highlights the need for more all-encompassing and long-lasting solutions that address underlying problems, including gender inequity, financial hardship, and stigma around mental illness.","PeriodicalId":516727,"journal":{"name":"Academic Bulletin of Mental Health","volume":"28 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140509061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sustaining and Strengthening Psychiatry Teachers’ Training in India: A Psychiatry Teacher’s Perspective","authors":"Sujita Kumar Kar","doi":"10.25259/abmh_19_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/abmh_19_2023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516727,"journal":{"name":"Academic Bulletin of Mental Health","volume":"8 3-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140509428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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