: Infill walls are commonly subjected to bidirectional seismic actions in actual seismic events. A robust interaction prevails between the in-plane and out-of-plane seismic performance of infill walls, where in-plane damage often diminishes the out-of-plane bearing capacity of infill walls. A finite element model for RC frames with infill walls was established and validated against experimental data, and extensively employed in numerical analysis. The objective was to delve into the seismic performance of masonry infill walls under bidirectional loading, considering the effects of loading modes, aspect ratio, slenderness ratio, and block compressive strength on the out-of-plane bearing capacity of infill walls with prior in-plane damage. Based on experimental data and parameter analysis, a formula for predicting out-of-plane bearing capacity reduction factors of masonry infill walls with prior in-plane damage was proposed. A new comprehensive geometric parameter was introduced considering the mechanism of out-of-plane load transfer for infill walls. The new formula exhibited a superior fit with experimental data compared to existing equations.
{"title":"Effects of In-Plane Damage of infill Walls on Their Out-of-Plane Bearing Capacity Reduction Factors","authors":"Wei Jin, Changhai Zhai, W. Liu","doi":"10.3724/j.gyjzg23121430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/j.gyjzg23121430","url":null,"abstract":": Infill walls are commonly subjected to bidirectional seismic actions in actual seismic events. A robust interaction prevails between the in-plane and out-of-plane seismic performance of infill walls, where in-plane damage often diminishes the out-of-plane bearing capacity of infill walls. A finite element model for RC frames with infill walls was established and validated against experimental data, and extensively employed in numerical analysis. The objective was to delve into the seismic performance of masonry infill walls under bidirectional loading, considering the effects of loading modes, aspect ratio, slenderness ratio, and block compressive strength on the out-of-plane bearing capacity of infill walls with prior in-plane damage. Based on experimental data and parameter analysis, a formula for predicting out-of-plane bearing capacity reduction factors of masonry infill walls with prior in-plane damage was proposed. A new comprehensive geometric parameter was introduced considering the mechanism of out-of-plane load transfer for infill walls. The new formula exhibited a superior fit with experimental data compared to existing equations.","PeriodicalId":516737,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Construction","volume":"267 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140468027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Hospital, as a critical public facility in urban settings, faces the challenges of emergencies that can lead to chaotic evacuation processes, jeopardizing both personnel safety and overall evacuation efficiency. Hospital staff, including doctors, security personnel, and various social roles, play indispensable roles in emergency evacuations. This study conducted two expert questionnaire surveys to investigate the social role identification and performance of hospital staff during routine and emergency situations. The research identified five distinct emergency evacuation roles, offering a clear distinction between the daily behaviors of hospital staff and their evacuation behaviors, while also pinpointing potential influencing factors for these behaviors. Findings revealed that hospital staff would be assumed to play emergency evacuation roles during unforeseen events, with their behavior and performance shaped by a complex interplay of personal characteristics, organizational factors, and environmental considerations. An evacuation role evolution questionnaire was developed and validated, facilitating a comprehensive analysis of phenomena such as role ambiguity, conflicts, and tension that may arise during hospital emergency evacuations
{"title":"Research on Role Identification and Evolution of Hospital Staff in Emergency Evacuation Situations","authors":"Jing Lin, Zhongang Peng, Runhe Zhu, Yan Xue","doi":"10.3724/j.gyjzg23120805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/j.gyjzg23120805","url":null,"abstract":": Hospital, as a critical public facility in urban settings, faces the challenges of emergencies that can lead to chaotic evacuation processes, jeopardizing both personnel safety and overall evacuation efficiency. Hospital staff, including doctors, security personnel, and various social roles, play indispensable roles in emergency evacuations. This study conducted two expert questionnaire surveys to investigate the social role identification and performance of hospital staff during routine and emergency situations. The research identified five distinct emergency evacuation roles, offering a clear distinction between the daily behaviors of hospital staff and their evacuation behaviors, while also pinpointing potential influencing factors for these behaviors. Findings revealed that hospital staff would be assumed to play emergency evacuation roles during unforeseen events, with their behavior and performance shaped by a complex interplay of personal characteristics, organizational factors, and environmental considerations. An evacuation role evolution questionnaire was developed and validated, facilitating a comprehensive analysis of phenomena such as role ambiguity, conflicts, and tension that may arise during hospital emergency evacuations","PeriodicalId":516737,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Construction","volume":"82 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140463098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: The wind-resistant design of building structures in the typhoon affected area in the codes is carried out by analogy with the non-cyclonic wind field, however, many measured results show that there is a large difference between the typhoon wind profile and the profile of the non-cyclonic wind field, and the influencing factors and changing rules of the typhoon wind profile are still not clear at present. To clearly understand the profile characteristics of typhoons, many measured profile data of several typhoons were used for the analysis. The measured data were categorized by three factors, namely, the underlying surface categories, the typhoon structural partitions,and the wind speed, and the wind profile data of each category were comparatively analyzed, and the study showed that: the low-level jet phenomena in typhoon wind profiles was related to the underlying surface categories, the typhoon structural partitions, and the wind speed, the low-level jets were more likely to occur at exposure category A, B, larger wind speed, and in the back eyewall region in typhoon; there was a certain relationship between the gradient wind height of the typhoon wind profile and the type of underlying surface and average wind speed. The gradient wind height of exposure category A and B showed an increasing trend from the center of the typhoon outward, while the gradient wind height underground of exposure category C showed a decreasing and then increasing trend from the center of the typhoon outward.
:规范中对台风影响区建筑结构的抗风设计是类比非周期性风场进行的，但许多实测结果表明，台风风廓线与非周期性风场的风廓线存在较大差异，目前台风风廓线的影响因素和变化规律仍不明确。为了清楚地了解台风的风廓线特征，本文采用了多个台风的实测风廓线数据进行分析。将实测数据按底面类别、台风结构分区和风速三个因素进行分类，并对各类风廓线数据进行对比分析，研究结果表明： 1：台风风廓线中的低空喷流现象与底面类别、台风结构分区和风速有关，低空喷流更容易出现在暴露类别为A、B、风速较大和台风后眼墙区域；台风风廓线的梯度风高与底面类别和平均风速之间存在一定的关系。A 类和 B 类地下暴露的梯度风高从台风中心向外呈上升趋势，而 C 类地下暴露的梯度风高从台风中心向外呈先下降后上升趋势。
{"title":"Research on Wind Speed Profile Characteristics of Typhoon Boundary Layer Based on Measured Data","authors":"Xigui Huang, Shengchang Luo, Lixiao Li","doi":"10.3724/j.gyjzg23121101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/j.gyjzg23121101","url":null,"abstract":": The wind-resistant design of building structures in the typhoon affected area in the codes is carried out by analogy with the non-cyclonic wind field, however, many measured results show that there is a large difference between the typhoon wind profile and the profile of the non-cyclonic wind field, and the influencing factors and changing rules of the typhoon wind profile are still not clear at present. To clearly understand the profile characteristics of typhoons, many measured profile data of several typhoons were used for the analysis. The measured data were categorized by three factors, namely, the underlying surface categories, the typhoon structural partitions,and the wind speed, and the wind profile data of each category were comparatively analyzed, and the study showed that: the low-level jet phenomena in typhoon wind profiles was related to the underlying surface categories, the typhoon structural partitions, and the wind speed, the low-level jets were more likely to occur at exposure category A, B, larger wind speed, and in the back eyewall region in typhoon; there was a certain relationship between the gradient wind height of the typhoon wind profile and the type of underlying surface and average wind speed. The gradient wind height of exposure category A and B showed an increasing trend from the center of the typhoon outward, while the gradient wind height underground of exposure category C showed a decreasing and then increasing trend from the center of the typhoon outward.","PeriodicalId":516737,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Construction","volume":"23 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140464028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Aiming at the characteristics of large fire load, cramped space, and complex interior decoration of escape rooms, and their safety hazards of rapid fire spread and difficult evacuation after fire, the study was based on the Pyrosim software to investigate the fire spread, smoke flow, visibility changes and temperature changes after fire in the escape room, and to analyze the problems and deficiencies of the existing decoration methods in the case of fire, and to propose improvement measures for the existing decoration methods. The simulation results showed that the design of long and narrow corridors should be avoided in the escape room, and the partition walls of the escape room should be designed with through-roofs in the process of renovation, and the escape room should be equipped with two evacuation paths in order to shorten the escape time to the greatest extent possible. The study of the fire spread characteristics is of great significance to safeguarding the lives of entertainers, and it can also provide a reference for the evacuation of escape room entertainment venues.
{"title":"Research on Fire Spread Characteristics of Escape Room Entertainment Venues with Spatial Complexity","authors":"Jingwei Fu, Lisai Diao, Yinghua Zhang, Cheng Ma, Yukun Gao","doi":"10.3724/j.gyjzg23121007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/j.gyjzg23121007","url":null,"abstract":": Aiming at the characteristics of large fire load, cramped space, and complex interior decoration of escape rooms, and their safety hazards of rapid fire spread and difficult evacuation after fire, the study was based on the Pyrosim software to investigate the fire spread, smoke flow, visibility changes and temperature changes after fire in the escape room, and to analyze the problems and deficiencies of the existing decoration methods in the case of fire, and to propose improvement measures for the existing decoration methods. The simulation results showed that the design of long and narrow corridors should be avoided in the escape room, and the partition walls of the escape room should be designed with through-roofs in the process of renovation, and the escape room should be equipped with two evacuation paths in order to shorten the escape time to the greatest extent possible. The study of the fire spread characteristics is of great significance to safeguarding the lives of entertainers, and it can also provide a reference for the evacuation of escape room entertainment venues.","PeriodicalId":516737,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Construction","volume":"1216 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140466947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Li Li, Yao Wang, Han Wu, Baojun Li, Hongling Guo, Yuecheng Huang, Dongping Fang
{"title":"Safety Leadership and Safety Culture Enhancement in Construction Projects: the Case of Ma Wan Tunnel Project","authors":"Li Li, Yao Wang, Han Wu, Baojun Li, Hongling Guo, Yuecheng Huang, Dongping Fang","doi":"10.3724/j.gyjzg23021204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/j.gyjzg23021204","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516737,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Construction","volume":"1038 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140467352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Digital twin technology is being rapidly applied and developed in the field of urban water security. Firstly, the paper sorted out and analyzed the current situation of digital twin technology applications for urban water security, explained the framework of urban water security system based on digital twins, and introduced the key techniques and capability requirements in the digital twin system from the perception and collection layer, infrastructure layer, data layer, model layer, knowledge layer, and application layer. Sec-ondly, the application progress of digital twins in urban water security was reviewed, including flood control and disaster reduction, water resource conservation and intensive safe utilization, water ecological protection, and intelligent water conservancy engineering. The construction progress and application effectiveness of digital twin platforms for water conservancy projects in typical cities were introduced. Finally, the paper summarized the challenges faced by the in-depth application of digital twins in the field of urban water security and proposed prospects, aiming to provide a reference and guidance for the construction of urban water security capabilities that integrate digital twin technology.
{"title":"A Review on Digital Twin Application Research for Urban Water Security","authors":"Haifeng Huang, Yang Yin, Yi Zhou, Didan Yang","doi":"10.3724/j.gyjzg23120902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/j.gyjzg23120902","url":null,"abstract":": Digital twin technology is being rapidly applied and developed in the field of urban water security. Firstly, the paper sorted out and analyzed the current situation of digital twin technology applications for urban water security, explained the framework of urban water security system based on digital twins, and introduced the key techniques and capability requirements in the digital twin system from the perception and collection layer, infrastructure layer, data layer, model layer, knowledge layer, and application layer. Sec-ondly, the application progress of digital twins in urban water security was reviewed, including flood control and disaster reduction, water resource conservation and intensive safe utilization, water ecological protection, and intelligent water conservancy engineering. The construction progress and application effectiveness of digital twin platforms for water conservancy projects in typical cities were introduced. Finally, the paper summarized the challenges faced by the in-depth application of digital twins in the field of urban water security and proposed prospects, aiming to provide a reference and guidance for the construction of urban water security capabilities that integrate digital twin technology.","PeriodicalId":516737,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Construction","volume":"509 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140469201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Gao, Deyuan Deng, Hongping Zhu, S. Weng, Fei GAO
: To address the insufficient research on the measurement of static and dynamic deformations of super high-rise buildings during the construction stage, a structural health monitoring (SHM) system was installed on the main structure of a practical super high-rise building with a height of 335 m. Thus the temperature deformation, vertical deformation, and dynamic displacement of the main structure during the construction stage were measured and analyzed. The uneven distribution of temperature in the main structure during the construction stage was identified, and the strain characteristics of the structure under the influence of temperature were analyzed. The results showed that the strain caused by seasonal temperature difference was greater than the strain caused by the self-weight of the upper structure and the concrete shrinkage and creep over the same period. The developments of the vertical deformation and the inter-story uneven deformation during the construction stage were explained. The degree of uneven deformation increased with structural height and time. The maximum deformation difference among the points of the same floor was 5.3 mm. The axial stress of the girder was positive correlated with the difference in vertical strain between the two ends of the girder. The difference in vertical deformation between the outer frame and the core tube could lead to tensile cracking in the girder. A structural dynamic displacement estimation method based on Kalman filtering was proposed, which could improve could the accuracy of dynamic displacement estimation by fusing acceleration data and strain data, and could accurately estimate the dynamic displacement of super high-rise building under dynamic construction loads.
{"title":"Static and Dynamic Deformation Monitoring of Super High-Rise Buildings During the Construction Stage","authors":"K. Gao, Deyuan Deng, Hongping Zhu, S. Weng, Fei GAO","doi":"10.3724/j.gyjzg23081112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/j.gyjzg23081112","url":null,"abstract":": To address the insufficient research on the measurement of static and dynamic deformations of super high-rise buildings during the construction stage, a structural health monitoring (SHM) system was installed on the main structure of a practical super high-rise building with a height of 335 m. Thus the temperature deformation, vertical deformation, and dynamic displacement of the main structure during the construction stage were measured and analyzed. The uneven distribution of temperature in the main structure during the construction stage was identified, and the strain characteristics of the structure under the influence of temperature were analyzed. The results showed that the strain caused by seasonal temperature difference was greater than the strain caused by the self-weight of the upper structure and the concrete shrinkage and creep over the same period. The developments of the vertical deformation and the inter-story uneven deformation during the construction stage were explained. The degree of uneven deformation increased with structural height and time. The maximum deformation difference among the points of the same floor was 5.3 mm. The axial stress of the girder was positive correlated with the difference in vertical strain between the two ends of the girder. The difference in vertical deformation between the outer frame and the core tube could lead to tensile cracking in the girder. A structural dynamic displacement estimation method based on Kalman filtering was proposed, which could improve could the accuracy of dynamic displacement estimation by fusing acceleration data and strain data, and could accurately estimate the dynamic displacement of super high-rise building under dynamic construction loads.","PeriodicalId":516737,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Construction","volume":"46 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139640845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Current Situation and Development of Retrofitting and Performance Improvement for Existing Building Structures","authors":"Congzhen XIAO, Jianhui Li, Tianyi Ma, Yue Wei, Zhenhong Wu, Baojuan Qiao","doi":"10.3724/j.gyjzg23120812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/j.gyjzg23120812","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516737,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Construction","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139640719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Yingxian Wood Pagoda is the oldest and highest pavilion-like wood pagoda in the world, which represents the highest level of wood construction technology in China. As, the wood pagoda has suffered plenty of weathering, disasters and wars, it is urgent to be protected and repaired from its increasing damage and deformation with time. The value analysis is the optimized task of a heritage protection. Therefore, the value composition of Yingxian Wood Pagoda was analyzed from history, science, art and social culture and other multi-value perspectives. The historic value of the wood pagoda was explored from the aspects of architectural styles, structure damages, member forms, Buddhas and hoards. The scientific value of wood tower was explored from the aspect of the structure system and proportion scale. The artistic value was explored from architectural form proportions, Dougong, Buddhas, murals, plaques, wind chimes and calligraphy. The social and cultural values were explored from social condensation, cultural diversity and landscape resources, which was expected to provide reference to future conservation of historical heritage
{"title":"Value Re-Cognition of Yingxian Wood Pagoda from MultipleValue Perspectives","authors":"Kunpeng Zhou, Aiqun Li, Yang Deng","doi":"10.3724/j.gyjzg23072112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/j.gyjzg23072112","url":null,"abstract":": Yingxian Wood Pagoda is the oldest and highest pavilion-like wood pagoda in the world, which represents the highest level of wood construction technology in China. As, the wood pagoda has suffered plenty of weathering, disasters and wars, it is urgent to be protected and repaired from its increasing damage and deformation with time. The value analysis is the optimized task of a heritage protection. Therefore, the value composition of Yingxian Wood Pagoda was analyzed from history, science, art and social culture and other multi-value perspectives. The historic value of the wood pagoda was explored from the aspects of architectural styles, structure damages, member forms, Buddhas and hoards. The scientific value of wood tower was explored from the aspect of the structure system and proportion scale. The artistic value was explored from architectural form proportions, Dougong, Buddhas, murals, plaques, wind chimes and calligraphy. The social and cultural values were explored from social condensation, cultural diversity and landscape resources, which was expected to provide reference to future conservation of historical heritage","PeriodicalId":516737,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Construction","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139640897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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