Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5513/jcea01/24.2.3656
T. Barma
Agricultural transformation in Poland and Bulgaria, both characterized by unique farm structures compared to the old EU, has been a policy challenge for the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) even before integration. Eurostat and Comtrade data over 2000 to 2016/2017 have been used to analyse agricultural restructuring at farm level, relating it to growth trends in agro-processing units and eventually to competitiveness in agricultural exports and trade specialization. CAP payment instruments, especially DPs have influenced farm restructuring, farming practices and income in both Poland and Bulgaria. Distinctive farm structures have evolved that have caused polarization and influenced productivity. Large farms are the main beneficiaries of farm aids and this polarization continues in the agro-industry sector as well. Multinational agro-firms, though insignificant in number are found to monopolise agro-based production in almost all the food processing sub-sectors in both the member countries. In terms of trade competitiveness indices, export specialization of agri-commodities has reduced in both members over 2000-2017, shares of processed commodities in exports with specialization have increased for Poland while Bulgaria has gained in medium-processing capabilities. For policy implications, small farms need to form producer groups and coordinate with small producers to increase both farm and firm level productivity. The subsidiarity principle of new CAP can be utilized by member states to facilitate this.
{"title":"Trends and determinants of post-integration agricultural transformation in Poland and Bulgaria","authors":"T. Barma","doi":"10.5513/jcea01/24.2.3656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/24.2.3656","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural transformation in Poland and Bulgaria, both characterized by unique farm structures compared to the old EU, has been a policy challenge for the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) even before integration. Eurostat and Comtrade data over 2000 to 2016/2017 have been used to analyse agricultural restructuring at farm level, relating it to growth trends in agro-processing units and eventually to competitiveness in agricultural exports and trade specialization. CAP payment instruments, especially DPs have influenced farm restructuring, farming practices and income in both Poland and Bulgaria. Distinctive farm structures have evolved that have caused polarization and influenced productivity. Large farms are the main beneficiaries of farm aids and this polarization continues in the agro-industry sector as well. Multinational agro-firms, though insignificant in number are found to monopolise agro-based production in almost all the food processing sub-sectors in both the member countries. In terms of trade competitiveness indices, export specialization of agri-commodities has reduced in both members over 2000-2017, shares of processed commodities in exports with specialization have increased for Poland while Bulgaria has gained in medium-processing capabilities. For policy implications, small farms need to form producer groups and coordinate with small producers to increase both farm and firm level productivity. The subsidiarity principle of new CAP can be utilized by member states to facilitate this.","PeriodicalId":51685,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Central European Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70973934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5513/jcea01/24.2.3747
Z. Mlyneková, Z. Formelová, M. Chrenková, M. Rajský, M. Poláĉiková
The aim of this study was to determine the correlations between the output parameters of the in sacco method and the CNCPS method (Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System). Both methods were tested on 106 samples from the feeds classified into following categories: extracted meal and cakes, cereals, legumes, maize and alfalfa silage, other silages, DDGS (dried distiller’s grains with solubles), oilseeds and various hays. The effective degradability of crude protein (EDg CP) by the in sacco method varied depending on the type of feed from 44.97% (hays) to 82.59% (alfalfa silage). The lowest degradation parameter of rapidly degraded fraction (a=24.3%) and the highest potentially degraded fraction (b=70.52%) were found in oilseeds. Five nitrogen fractions (A, B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , C) were determined according to the CNCPS method. Fraction A (NPN – non-protein nitrogen) was different in examined feed with the highest in silages (44.95% of the total CP). Fraction B 2 represented in tested feeds the highest part of the total CP, (except for silages, legumes, and oilseeds). Fraction B 3 ranged from 1.96% (legumes) to 19.25% (hays) of the total CP. The correlation between EDg CP and soluble fractions was low (r=0.5464) in concentrate feeds, the correlation between EDg and soluble fractions was (r=0.6323) also low in forages.
{"title":"Determination of proteins in different feeds using the in sacco method in comparison to the CNCPS method","authors":"Z. Mlyneková, Z. Formelová, M. Chrenková, M. Rajský, M. Poláĉiková","doi":"10.5513/jcea01/24.2.3747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/24.2.3747","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the correlations between the output parameters of the in sacco method and the CNCPS method (Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System). Both methods were tested on 106 samples from the feeds classified into following categories: extracted meal and cakes, cereals, legumes, maize and alfalfa silage, other silages, DDGS (dried distiller’s grains with solubles), oilseeds and various hays. The effective degradability of crude protein (EDg CP) by the in sacco method varied depending on the type of feed from 44.97% (hays) to 82.59% (alfalfa silage). The lowest degradation parameter of rapidly degraded fraction (a=24.3%) and the highest potentially degraded fraction (b=70.52%) were found in oilseeds. Five nitrogen fractions (A, B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , C) were determined according to the CNCPS method. Fraction A (NPN – non-protein nitrogen) was different in examined feed with the highest in silages (44.95% of the total CP). Fraction B 2 represented in tested feeds the highest part of the total CP, (except for silages, legumes, and oilseeds). Fraction B 3 ranged from 1.96% (legumes) to 19.25% (hays) of the total CP. The correlation between EDg CP and soluble fractions was low (r=0.5464) in concentrate feeds, the correlation between EDg and soluble fractions was (r=0.6323) also low in forages.","PeriodicalId":51685,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Central European Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70973963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5513/jcea01/24.1.3719
Rabab Saoud, R. Mohammad, Sanaa Sara
Wheat is one of the most important crops in the world, its products, especially fermented baked goods, take a major role in the diet. These products require strong flour. In Syria, about 20 – 25% of improved durum wheat is blended with soft wheat to increase the strength of the flour. Laccase enzyme, is one of the important oxidative enzymes, which is added to increase the strength of the dough. Several devices have been used to evaluate flour and measure the properties of dough, but none of them is able to predict all the properties in a single test one. A new instrument Mixolab dough characterizer has been developed to measure the dough properties and the pasting behavior of flour at the same time. Hence, in the present research Mixolab dough characterizer was used to assess the effect of the addition of laccase enzyme and blending of durum and soft Syrian wheat on the rheological properties of wheat flour (80% extraction). The results showed that the values of C 2 (decrease in dough consistency due to excessive mixing), water absorption, and dough development time increase after the addition of laccase enzyme and blending durum and soft wheat, as well as the dough stability increases too, therefore, it can be concluded that, both the addition of laccase and blending durum and soft wheat increase dough strength, but the addition of laccase treatment has higher values of dough stability and gluten index compared to blend flour. The effect of the two treatments on the properties of the starch differed; the values of C 3 (starch gelatinisation), C 4 (gel stability), and C 5 (starch retrogradation) are increasing with laccase addition, while these values are reducing with the blending of durum and soft wheat.
{"title":"The effect of laccase enzyme addition to soft Syrian wheat flour or blending with durum flour on the rheological properties of dough","authors":"Rabab Saoud, R. Mohammad, Sanaa Sara","doi":"10.5513/jcea01/24.1.3719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/24.1.3719","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat is one of the most important crops in the world, its products, especially fermented baked goods, take a major role in the diet. These products require strong flour. In Syria, about 20 – 25% of improved durum wheat is blended with soft wheat to increase the strength of the flour. Laccase enzyme, is one of the important oxidative enzymes, which is added to increase the strength of the dough. Several devices have been used to evaluate flour and measure the properties of dough, but none of them is able to predict all the properties in a single test one. A new instrument Mixolab dough characterizer has been developed to measure the dough properties and the pasting behavior of flour at the same time. Hence, in the present research Mixolab dough characterizer was used to assess the effect of the addition of laccase enzyme and blending of durum and soft Syrian wheat on the rheological properties of wheat flour (80% extraction). The results showed that the values of C 2 (decrease in dough consistency due to excessive mixing), water absorption, and dough development time increase after the addition of laccase enzyme and blending durum and soft wheat, as well as the dough stability increases too, therefore, it can be concluded that, both the addition of laccase and blending durum and soft wheat increase dough strength, but the addition of laccase treatment has higher values of dough stability and gluten index compared to blend flour. The effect of the two treatments on the properties of the starch differed; the values of C 3 (starch gelatinisation), C 4 (gel stability), and C 5 (starch retrogradation) are increasing with laccase addition, while these values are reducing with the blending of durum and soft wheat.","PeriodicalId":51685,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Central European Agriculture","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70972543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5513/jcea01/24.2.3780
Jan Strašifták, P. Juhas
Bedding material has a significant effect on life, health and production of broiler chicken since they are in direct contact with litter. When condition of litter is poor, it increases an occurrence of pododermatitis. Birds living in chronic pain move less and consequently eat and drink less and because of that their production is less efficient. The aim of this review is to compare different bedding materials used in Europe and elsewhere in the world and to evaluate their effects on production parameters, health and animal welfare. During the last years, a lot of research has been done using both traditional and alternative bedding materials. A significant part of materials was evaluated as suitable or improving production parameters. There is an evidence that at least one quarter of broiler chicken live in constant pain due to footpad dermatitis, joint inflammations or other locomotory disorders for more than one third of their live. The health of the locomotory system is the major challenge for improving poultry welfare. Several substrates can be used as bedding material for poultry. In general, we can conclude that, the finer particles are the lower is the occurrence of pododermatitis. However optimal bedding material must be able to absorb excess water but also to be dried properly. Another important aspect of animal welfare is the opportunity to manifest their natural behaviour. Research clearly shows that poultry prefer to perform dustbathing only in dry and dusty substrate.
{"title":"The effect of a bedding materials on performance, welfare and behavior of broiler chickens: A review","authors":"Jan Strašifták, P. Juhas","doi":"10.5513/jcea01/24.2.3780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/24.2.3780","url":null,"abstract":"Bedding material has a significant effect on life, health and production of broiler chicken since they are in direct contact with litter. When condition of litter is poor, it increases an occurrence of pododermatitis. Birds living in chronic pain move less and consequently eat and drink less and because of that their production is less efficient. The aim of this review is to compare different bedding materials used in Europe and elsewhere in the world and to evaluate their effects on production parameters, health and animal welfare. During the last years, a lot of research has been done using both traditional and alternative bedding materials. A significant part of materials was evaluated as suitable or improving production parameters. There is an evidence that at least one quarter of broiler chicken live in constant pain due to footpad dermatitis, joint inflammations or other locomotory disorders for more than one third of their live. The health of the locomotory system is the major challenge for improving poultry welfare. Several substrates can be used as bedding material for poultry. In general, we can conclude that, the finer particles are the lower is the occurrence of pododermatitis. However optimal bedding material must be able to absorb excess water but also to be dried properly. Another important aspect of animal welfare is the opportunity to manifest their natural behaviour. Research clearly shows that poultry prefer to perform dustbathing only in dry and dusty substrate.","PeriodicalId":51685,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Central European Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70974129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5513/jcea01/24.1.3776
Yu. E. Kolupaev, T. Yastreb, N. Ryabchun, N. Kuzmyshyna, M. Marenych, V. Ryabchun
{"title":"Signaling and protection systems in the adaptation of plants to cold","authors":"Yu. E. Kolupaev, T. Yastreb, N. Ryabchun, N. Kuzmyshyna, M. Marenych, V. Ryabchun","doi":"10.5513/jcea01/24.1.3776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/24.1.3776","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51685,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Central European Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70973479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5513/jcea01/24.2.3777
N. Keranova, V. Roychev
A comparative phenological evaluation of a group of 32 vine varieties for white wines has been carried out. It has been found through the application of cluster analysis, PCA and factor analysis that, depending on the duration of the separate phenophases and periods in days, the studied varieties are grouped into four clusters. The phenological indicators are transformed into three factors, with a different degree of influence on the grouping of varieties, which explain 74% of the total variation. The most important for the grouping of varieties are the phenophase berry growth, and the periods flowering – berry softening and berry softening – technological maturity. In order to increase the efficiency of selection, it is advisable to cross varieties for white wines characterized by optimal phenological parameters, and belonging to clusters most remote from each other
{"title":"Comparative phenological evaluation of white wine vine varieties grown in Bulgaria","authors":"N. Keranova, V. Roychev","doi":"10.5513/jcea01/24.2.3777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/24.2.3777","url":null,"abstract":"A comparative phenological evaluation of a group of 32 vine varieties for white wines has been carried out. It has been found through the application of cluster analysis, PCA and factor analysis that, depending on the duration of the separate phenophases and periods in days, the studied varieties are grouped into four clusters. The phenological indicators are transformed into three factors, with a different degree of influence on the grouping of varieties, which explain 74% of the total variation. The most important for the grouping of varieties are the phenophase berry growth, and the periods flowering – berry softening and berry softening – technological maturity. In order to increase the efficiency of selection, it is advisable to cross varieties for white wines characterized by optimal phenological parameters, and belonging to clusters most remote from each other","PeriodicalId":51685,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Central European Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70974078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5513/jcea01/24.2.3787
D. Velchev, D. Takov, I. Todorov, D. Pilarska, T. Toshova
In some European countries, the Western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera , and the cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus , are present in maize stands in high population density, occasionally causing damage of the crops. Susceptibility of adults of these species and larvae of the cereal leaf beetle to the commercially available product Naturalis® based on Beauveria bassiana strain ATCC 74040 was explored in laboratory conditions. The results of the bioassays showed that the fungal strain caused the highest corrected mortality on O. melanopus larvae with average values above 95% for all conidia concentrations (from 2.3 × 10 2 to 2.3 × 10 7 conidia/ml) tested. For the adults of the two pests, the average mortality increased positively with concentration of conidia and the values ranges from 9.5% to 94.2% for O. melanopus (concentrations from 2.3 × 10 2 to 2.3 × 10 7 conidia/ml) and from 19.3% to 92.4% for D. v. virgifera (concentrations from 2.3 × 10 3 to 2.3 × 10 7 conidia/ml). Accordingly, the LC 50 values for O. melanopus larvae and adults and D. v. virgifera adults were determined as 4.6, 8.3 × 10 4 and 4.3 × 10 5 conidia/ml, respectively. Further studies to confirm the susceptibility of the larvae of the cereal leaf beetle to Naturalis® under field conditions should be conducted.
{"title":"Effect of Beauveria bassiana (strain ATCC 74040) on two leaf beetle pests of maize under laboratory conditions","authors":"D. Velchev, D. Takov, I. Todorov, D. Pilarska, T. Toshova","doi":"10.5513/jcea01/24.2.3787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/24.2.3787","url":null,"abstract":"In some European countries, the Western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera , and the cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus , are present in maize stands in high population density, occasionally causing damage of the crops. Susceptibility of adults of these species and larvae of the cereal leaf beetle to the commercially available product Naturalis® based on Beauveria bassiana strain ATCC 74040 was explored in laboratory conditions. The results of the bioassays showed that the fungal strain caused the highest corrected mortality on O. melanopus larvae with average values above 95% for all conidia concentrations (from 2.3 × 10 2 to 2.3 × 10 7 conidia/ml) tested. For the adults of the two pests, the average mortality increased positively with concentration of conidia and the values ranges from 9.5% to 94.2% for O. melanopus (concentrations from 2.3 × 10 2 to 2.3 × 10 7 conidia/ml) and from 19.3% to 92.4% for D. v. virgifera (concentrations from 2.3 × 10 3 to 2.3 × 10 7 conidia/ml). Accordingly, the LC 50 values for O. melanopus larvae and adults and D. v. virgifera adults were determined as 4.6, 8.3 × 10 4 and 4.3 × 10 5 conidia/ml, respectively. Further studies to confirm the susceptibility of the larvae of the cereal leaf beetle to Naturalis® under field conditions should be conducted.","PeriodicalId":51685,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Central European Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70974168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5513/jcea01/24.2.3795
D. Ivić, Elena Petrović, S. Godena
A survey in olive orchards in Istria (Croatia) was carried out from 2016 to 2018 to investigate pathogens potentially associated with olive decline and dieback. In nine orchards, canker-like symptoms were recorded on olive trunks and branches. Six fungal species were isolated from cankers: Geosmithia sp., Diaporthe sp., Diatrype stigma , Diplodia seriata , Neofusicoccum parvum , and Pseudophaeomoniella oleae . Pathogenicity tests were conducted in a greenhouse, on branches of 4-year-old local cultivar ‘Buza’. Eight months after branch inoculation, D. seriata showed to be the most aggressive, causing an average of 67 mm long lesion. N. parvum caused 31 mm long lesion, while Diaporthe sp. showed only weak aggressiveness, causing 3 mm long lesion. Diatrype stigma , P. oleae and Geosmithia sp. did not cause any symptoms on inoculated plants. This is the first report of Neofusicoccum parvum and Diaporthe sp. as pathogens on olive in Istria (Croatia).
{"title":"Fungi associated with canker diseases on olive in Istria (Croatia)","authors":"D. Ivić, Elena Petrović, S. Godena","doi":"10.5513/jcea01/24.2.3795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/24.2.3795","url":null,"abstract":"A survey in olive orchards in Istria (Croatia) was carried out from 2016 to 2018 to investigate pathogens potentially associated with olive decline and dieback. In nine orchards, canker-like symptoms were recorded on olive trunks and branches. Six fungal species were isolated from cankers: Geosmithia sp., Diaporthe sp., Diatrype stigma , Diplodia seriata , Neofusicoccum parvum , and Pseudophaeomoniella oleae . Pathogenicity tests were conducted in a greenhouse, on branches of 4-year-old local cultivar ‘Buza’. Eight months after branch inoculation, D. seriata showed to be the most aggressive, causing an average of 67 mm long lesion. N. parvum caused 31 mm long lesion, while Diaporthe sp. showed only weak aggressiveness, causing 3 mm long lesion. Diatrype stigma , P. oleae and Geosmithia sp. did not cause any symptoms on inoculated plants. This is the first report of Neofusicoccum parvum and Diaporthe sp. as pathogens on olive in Istria (Croatia).","PeriodicalId":51685,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Central European Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70974224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5513/jcea01/24.3.3844
Mario Njavro, Ozgun PEKIN, Tajana Čop
{"title":"Environmental and business risk management perceptions and preferences: evidence from snowball sampling of Turkish avocado producers","authors":"Mario Njavro, Ozgun PEKIN, Tajana Čop","doi":"10.5513/jcea01/24.3.3844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/24.3.3844","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51685,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Central European Agriculture","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135699492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5513/jcea01/24.3.3880
Daniel Falta, Tomáš Kopec, Milan Večeřa, Gustav Chládek, Radek Filipčík, Francois Lategan
Calf behaviour in rearing systems is an important indicator of calf welfare and influences efficient dairy production. In this study, the behavioural patterns of dairy calves in outdoor individual pen-and-shelter units were investigated. The study was done over 12 months with 683 Simmental-Fleckvieh calves, kept for two months (pre-weaning) in outdoor individual pen-and-shelter units, and observed at monthly intervals. During the study the calves' lying and moving behaviour in the shelters were separately observed and evaluated. The ambient temperature outdoors was also recorded. Statistically significant relationships between the calf’s season of birth, as well as the age of the calf and the evaluated forms of behaviour, were found. Outdoor ambient temperature was found to have a statistically significant effect on calf preference for standing or lying down. More standing calves than lying calves were recorded outdoors at higher outdoor ambient temperatures. Calves showed a clear preference for lying down, especially in the sheltered parts of the units (64.86%). Only 4.98% of the calves lay outside; 19.18% were standing outside, while 10.98% preferred standing inside the shelter. The calves lying down outside were significantly younger while older calves were lying inside the shelter.
{"title":"Analysis of the behaviour of dairy-type Simmental-Fleckvieh calves in outdoor pen-and-shelter systems","authors":"Daniel Falta, Tomáš Kopec, Milan Večeřa, Gustav Chládek, Radek Filipčík, Francois Lategan","doi":"10.5513/jcea01/24.3.3880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/24.3.3880","url":null,"abstract":"Calf behaviour in rearing systems is an important indicator of calf welfare and influences efficient dairy production. In this study, the behavioural patterns of dairy calves in outdoor individual pen-and-shelter units were investigated. The study was done over 12 months with 683 Simmental-Fleckvieh calves, kept for two months (pre-weaning) in outdoor individual pen-and-shelter units, and observed at monthly intervals. During the study the calves' lying and moving behaviour in the shelters were separately observed and evaluated. The ambient temperature outdoors was also recorded. Statistically significant relationships between the calf’s season of birth, as well as the age of the calf and the evaluated forms of behaviour, were found. Outdoor ambient temperature was found to have a statistically significant effect on calf preference for standing or lying down. More standing calves than lying calves were recorded outdoors at higher outdoor ambient temperatures. Calves showed a clear preference for lying down, especially in the sheltered parts of the units (64.86%). Only 4.98% of the calves lay outside; 19.18% were standing outside, while 10.98% preferred standing inside the shelter. The calves lying down outside were significantly younger while older calves were lying inside the shelter.","PeriodicalId":51685,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Central European Agriculture","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135699494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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