Antibiotic resistance is now a major a medical and financial burden that affects healthcare globally. Insufficient undergraduate instruction on antibiotic management may be a factor in antibiotic-related clinical malpractice, which could have detrimental effects on patient wellness. The study's objective was to evaluate undergraduate medical students at the Medical Institute in Al-Nasiriyah understanding, beliefs, and behaviors regarding resistant antibiotics. Methodology: A cross-sectional investigation was making in the University of the Medical Institute in Al-Nasiriyah. (133) undergraduate medical students who were chosen at random were given a structured questionnaire. The statistical package for social sciences and SPSS, version 22.0, was used to analyze the data. A Chi-square test was used to examine relationships between the independent and dependent variables. Results: 133 of 188 medical students (71%) had good understanding about the use and resistance to antibiotics, according to the study. Regarding antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, the students' knowledge is good; however, their understanding of antibiotic usage is below average. Knowledge is influenced by a number of variables, such as program, academic level, gender, and awareness of resistance to antibiotics. Based on the results, it is recommended that students' understanding of these topics be enhanced. Conclusions: There are a lot of common misconceptions in some fields, like the usage of antibiotics. Immediately interventions are necessary to enhance students' understanding of antibiotics and resistance in light of the findings. Although they were less practiced, the students' knowledge and attitudes were higher.
{"title":"Antibiotic knowledge and practices of students attending in Medical Institute / Southern Technical University","authors":"Assistant Lecturer Ahmad Shandookh Hameed, Hayder yousif Falih, Assistant lecturer Ruqayah Taher","doi":"10.55145/ajbms.2024.03.01.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55145/ajbms.2024.03.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic resistance is now a major a medical and financial burden that affects healthcare globally. Insufficient undergraduate instruction on antibiotic management may be a factor in antibiotic-related clinical malpractice, which could have detrimental effects on patient wellness. The study's objective was to evaluate undergraduate medical students at the Medical Institute in Al-Nasiriyah understanding, beliefs, and behaviors regarding resistant antibiotics. Methodology: A cross-sectional investigation was making in the University of the Medical Institute in Al-Nasiriyah. (133) undergraduate medical students who were chosen at random were given a structured questionnaire. The statistical package for social sciences and SPSS, version 22.0, was used to analyze the data. A Chi-square test was used to examine relationships between the independent and dependent variables.\u0000Results: 133 of 188 medical students (71%) had good understanding about the use and resistance to antibiotics, according to the study. Regarding antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, the students' knowledge is good; however, their understanding of antibiotic usage is below average. Knowledge is influenced by a number of variables, such as program, academic level, gender, and awareness of resistance to antibiotics. Based on the results, it is recommended that students' understanding of these topics be enhanced. Conclusions: There are a lot of common misconceptions in some fields, like the usage of antibiotics. Immediately interventions are necessary to enhance students' understanding of antibiotics and resistance in light of the findings. Although they were less practiced, the students' knowledge and attitudes were higher.","PeriodicalId":517007,"journal":{"name":"Al-Salam Journal for Medical Science","volume":"290 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140495185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-13DOI: 10.55145/ajbms.2024.03.01.008
Fakhri S. Alajeeli, Adbulaa Salim, F. Abid, Mustafa A-lKurwi, Majeed Abdulla
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies and seriously affects public health. Recently, contemporary microbiome research has found hints that the urinary microflora may at least to some extent impact prostate cancer formation and treatment outcomes. A comprehensive review This article attempts to provide a brief summary and integration of the current knowledge about involvement in prostate cancer development by urinary microbiota, diagnostic capabilities, as well as therapeutic opportunities.It examines the different microbial spheres found inside residents in the genitourinary system and their relevance to tumorigenic microenvironments. The review looks at microbial signatures linked to prostate cancer, and tries to identify potential biological markers for diagnosis of the disease or patient stratification according to risk levels, as well as potential predictors of outcome. Secondly, the potential effect of urine microbiota upon treatment response and how to design novel therapeutic interventions also form key topics in this study.After a comprehensive review of existing literature and recent new studies, this article attempts to illuminate the intricate interrelationships between urinary microbiota and prostate cancer. It is hoped that this effort will provide some insight on future directions of research, clinical applications and even possibilities for precision-medicine paradigms in prostate cancer care.
{"title":"Revealing the Urinary Microbiota in Prostate Cancer: A Comprehensive Review Unveiling Insights into Pathogenesis and Clinical Application","authors":"Fakhri S. Alajeeli, Adbulaa Salim, F. Abid, Mustafa A-lKurwi, Majeed Abdulla","doi":"10.55145/ajbms.2024.03.01.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55145/ajbms.2024.03.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies and seriously affects public health. Recently, contemporary microbiome research has found hints that the urinary microflora may at least to some extent impact prostate cancer formation and treatment outcomes. A comprehensive review This article attempts to provide a brief summary and integration of the current knowledge about involvement in prostate cancer development by urinary microbiota, diagnostic capabilities, as well as therapeutic opportunities.It examines the different microbial spheres found inside residents in the genitourinary system and their relevance to tumorigenic microenvironments. The review looks at microbial signatures linked to prostate cancer, and tries to identify potential biological markers for diagnosis of the disease or patient stratification according to risk levels, as well as potential predictors of outcome. Secondly, the potential effect of urine microbiota upon treatment response and how to design novel therapeutic interventions also form key topics in this study.After a comprehensive review of existing literature and recent new studies, this article attempts to illuminate the intricate interrelationships between urinary microbiota and prostate cancer. It is hoped that this effort will provide some insight on future directions of research, clinical applications and even possibilities for precision-medicine paradigms in prostate cancer care.","PeriodicalId":517007,"journal":{"name":"Al-Salam Journal for Medical Science","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140509102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.55145/ajbms.2024.03.01.007
Ashjan Mohammed Hussein, Eman Ghazi Metaab, Esree Muslim Aswad, Ioannis Adamopoulos
Toxoplasmosis affects various biochemical markers, which has garnered attention recently. Toxoplasmosis biochemical marker values were the focus of this study. To evaluate the infection-related marker TNF alpha, TNF-α regulates inflammation, anti-tumor responses, and homeostasis via interacting with TNF-R1 and TNF-R2. TNF-α has a vital function in treating T. gondii by regulating hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell development. Despite therapeutic usage of anti-TNF-α medications, adverse effects such lymph proliferative disorders have been known to occur. This also suggests that one major mechanism by which cytokines operate is by inhibiting parasite invasion. TNF-α has the ability to directly influence the proliferation of intracellular parasites to different extents. The study included one hundred patients with toxoplasmosis, aged between eighteen and thirty years old. Among them, seventy had confirmed cases of infection, with forty samples from both male and female patients, while the remaining thirty samples were taken from healthy individuals serving as a control group. Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, and many outpatient clinics will treat patients from different Iraqi governorates from November 2022 and October 2023. Additionally, we utilized the ELISA technique to determine the quantity of TNF-alpha present. With this study, there were no significant changes in blood levels of TNF-α between the control group and teens of different ages and genders, according to the results. The mean ±SE values of the level in healthy teens (80.57 ±5.27) and T. gondii patients (123.59 ±4.35, 158.85 ±10.26) were not statistically different. The findings indicated that the mean values for healthy teenagers were 66.02 ±5.89 and 87.84 ±3.24, respectively. There was no significant gender difference, with mean values of 149.65 ±11.98 and 133.25 ±3.96, respectively. Patients with toxoplasmosis exhibited substantially higher TNF-α levels than the control group (P ≤0.01). The average ± SE TNF-alpha levels in teenagers infected with T. gondii were 136.86 ±5.96, whereas the control group had 87.84 ±3.24. Our research suggests that Toxoplasma gondii have the capability to exert effect on certain indicators, such as TNF-alpha. The findings indicate that adolescents are prone to a significant prevalence of toxoplasmosis diagnoses. Consequently, prioritizing health education for those with a heightened susceptibility to developing the disease is imperative.
{"title":"The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha in Adolescent Iraqi Children Infected with Toxoplasmasis","authors":"Ashjan Mohammed Hussein, Eman Ghazi Metaab, Esree Muslim Aswad, Ioannis Adamopoulos","doi":"10.55145/ajbms.2024.03.01.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55145/ajbms.2024.03.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"Toxoplasmosis affects various biochemical markers, which has garnered attention recently. Toxoplasmosis biochemical marker values were the focus of this study. To evaluate the infection-related marker TNF alpha, TNF-α regulates inflammation, anti-tumor responses, and homeostasis via interacting with TNF-R1 and TNF-R2. TNF-α has a vital function in treating T. gondii by regulating hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell development. Despite therapeutic usage of anti-TNF-α medications, adverse effects such lymph proliferative disorders have been known to occur. This also suggests that one major mechanism by which cytokines operate is by inhibiting parasite invasion. TNF-α has the ability to directly influence the proliferation of intracellular parasites to different extents. The study included one hundred patients with toxoplasmosis, aged between eighteen and thirty years old. Among them, seventy had confirmed cases of infection, with forty samples from both male and female patients, while the remaining thirty samples were taken from healthy individuals serving as a control group. Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, and many outpatient clinics will treat patients from different Iraqi governorates from November 2022 and October 2023. Additionally, we utilized the ELISA technique to determine the quantity of TNF-alpha present. With this study, there were no significant changes in blood levels of TNF-α between the control group and teens of different ages and genders, according to the results. The mean ±SE values of the level in healthy teens (80.57 ±5.27) and T. gondii patients (123.59 ±4.35, 158.85 ±10.26) were not statistically different. The findings indicated that the mean values for healthy teenagers were 66.02 ±5.89 and 87.84 ±3.24, respectively. There was no significant gender difference, with mean values of 149.65 ±11.98 and 133.25 ±3.96, respectively. Patients with toxoplasmosis exhibited substantially higher TNF-α levels than the control group (P ≤0.01). The average ± SE TNF-alpha levels in teenagers infected with T. gondii were 136.86 ±5.96, whereas the control group had 87.84 ±3.24. Our research suggests that Toxoplasma gondii have the capability to exert effect on certain indicators, such as TNF-alpha. The findings indicate that adolescents are prone to a significant prevalence of toxoplasmosis diagnoses. Consequently, prioritizing health education for those with a heightened susceptibility to developing the disease is imperative.","PeriodicalId":517007,"journal":{"name":"Al-Salam Journal for Medical Science","volume":"51 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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