This paper examines the experiences of Tanzanian graduates who set up and led their SMEs in Dar es Salaam. Specifically, it seeks to identify the extent of the mismatch between academic education and practical skills, the degree to which the university curriculum prepares graduates for the SME sector, and how confident graduates are of the prospect of entrepreneurial success. The paper adopts a narrative approach to tell a story about what graduate employability means for those working in the SME sector in Tanzania. The stories of Rashid, Amina and Harry capture the intricacies of the realities that newly graduated young people in Dar es Salaam are grappling with when trying to run their small business. On a macro level, these stories being dissected independently are unique, but they shed light on many themes together. There needs to be a match between the skills acquired through the traditional educational avenue and the practical skills necessary to run an SME. Thus, more entrepreneurship and practical skill training modules must be introduced into university curricula.
{"title":"The Missing Piece: What SME-Owning Graduates Think About Tanzanian Universities’ Contribution to Graduate Employability","authors":"Darlene K. Mutalemwa","doi":"10.4314/ngjsd.v13i2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ngjsd.v13i2.13","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the experiences of Tanzanian graduates who set up and led their SMEs in Dar es Salaam. Specifically, it seeks to identify the extent of the mismatch between academic education and practical skills, the degree to which the university curriculum prepares graduates for the SME sector, and how confident graduates are of the prospect of entrepreneurial success. The paper adopts a narrative approach to tell a story about what graduate employability means for those working in the SME sector in Tanzania. The stories of Rashid, Amina and Harry capture the intricacies of the realities that newly graduated young people in Dar es Salaam are grappling with when trying to run their small business. On a macro level, these stories being dissected independently are unique, but they shed light on many themes together. There needs to be a match between the skills acquired through the traditional educational avenue and the practical skills necessary to run an SME. Thus, more entrepreneurship and practical skill training modules must be introduced into university curricula.","PeriodicalId":517493,"journal":{"name":"NG Journal of Social Development","volume":" 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141831483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nome Ujebe, Ogbonnia Chukwu-etu, Michael Ezaka Nwafor
Nigeria is perhaps the largest economy in sub-Sahara West Africa through public procurement of goods, works and services in relatively risky environment of inflation and corruption, challenging the value for money in project execution under the watch of the Bureau of public procurement. The purpose of this paper is to establish the preparedness of the BPP to handle the problem of price adjustment in procurement, with rising inflationary figures in Nigeria. To achieve the objective, the researchers made use of secondary data, and employed the method of survey with content analysis. The Decision theory offered by Simon (1947) underpins the study in response to the fact that current literature has not sufficiently discussed public procurement as a decision making problem. It was found that procurement decision generally is made under tensed condition, yet with a goal to provide value for money. It is concluded that the BPP may be overwhelmed with price adjustment policy and overall political climate in Nigeria. It was recommended that the Bureau should be fully prepared with more powers and frequent training to be able to do price adjustment in accordance with regulations and that the use of direct labour should be encouraged where the Accounting officer has certified knowledge and proven experience
{"title":"Bureau of Public Procurement in Nigeria and price adjustment procedures in project construction","authors":"Nome Ujebe, Ogbonnia Chukwu-etu, Michael Ezaka Nwafor","doi":"10.4314/ngjsd.v12i1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ngjsd.v12i1.9","url":null,"abstract":"Nigeria is perhaps the largest economy in sub-Sahara West Africa through public procurement of goods, works and services in relatively risky environment of inflation and corruption, challenging the value for money in project execution under the watch of the Bureau of public procurement. The purpose of this paper is to establish the preparedness of the BPP to handle the problem of price adjustment in procurement, with rising inflationary figures in Nigeria. To achieve the objective, the researchers made use of secondary data, and employed the method of survey with content analysis. The Decision theory offered by Simon (1947) underpins the study in response to the fact that current literature has not sufficiently discussed public procurement as a decision making problem. It was found that procurement decision generally is made under tensed condition, yet with a goal to provide value for money. It is concluded that the BPP may be overwhelmed with price adjustment policy and overall political climate in Nigeria. It was recommended that the Bureau should be fully prepared with more powers and frequent training to be able to do price adjustment in accordance with regulations and that the use of direct labour should be encouraged where the Accounting officer has certified knowledge and proven experience","PeriodicalId":517493,"journal":{"name":"NG Journal of Social Development","volume":"57 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141111487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Uche Juliana Agubata, Walter Ezeodili, Eneh Maximus Ikenna
The study examined effect of industrial relations management practices on the performance of tertiary institutions in Enugu State. Survey research design was adopted. The population of the study was 11802. Taro Yamani statistical sampling formula was employed to determine the sample size of 387 for the study. The hypotheses were tested using t-test analysis. The findings revealed that expressive participatory management practices had a significant positive effect on the efficiency of tertiary institutions in Enugu State (where t-calculated = 7.39 is higher than the t-table value = 2.776, that employment practices had a significant positive effect on quality of service of tertiary institutions in Enugu State (t-calculated= 6.93 is higher than the t-table = 2.776) and that disengagement practices had a significant positive effect on the efficiency of tertiary institutions in Enugu State ( where the t-value =11.20, whereas the t-table value = 2.77). The study concluded that expressive participatory management, employment practices and disengagement practices influenced the performance of tertiary institutions in Enugu State. The study recommended among others that since industrial democracy effect the performance of tertiary institutions, management should give more room for unions in the organisation to air their views and try as much as possible to align the needs of the employees to that of the institutions so to improve on service delivery
本研究探讨了劳资关系管理实践对埃努古州高等院校绩效的影响。研究采用了调查研究设计。研究对象为 11802 人。采用 Taro Yamani 统计抽样公式确定了 387 个研究样本量。假设采用 t 检验分析法进行检验。研究结果表明，表现性参与管理实践对埃努古州高等院校的效率有显著的积极影响（t 计算值 = 7.39 高于 t 表值 = 2.776），就业实践对埃努古州高等院校的服务质量有显著的积极影响（t 计算值= 6.93 高于 t 表值= 2.776），脱离管理实践对埃努古州高等院校的效率有显著的积极影响（t 值=11.20，而 t 表值=2.77）。研究得出结论认为，表现性参与管理、就业实践和脱离管理实践影响了埃努古州高等院校的绩效。除其他外，研究还建议，由于行业民主会影响高等院校的绩效，管理层应为组织中的工会提供更多发表意见的空间，并尽可能使员工的需求与院校的需求保持一致，从而改善服务的提供。
{"title":"Industrial relations management practice and performance of tertiary institutions in Enugu State Nigeria","authors":"Uche Juliana Agubata, Walter Ezeodili, Eneh Maximus Ikenna","doi":"10.4314/ngjsd.v13i1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ngjsd.v13i1.14","url":null,"abstract":"The study examined effect of industrial relations management practices on the performance of tertiary institutions in Enugu State. Survey research design was adopted. The population of the study was 11802. Taro Yamani statistical sampling formula was employed to determine the sample size of 387 for the study. The hypotheses were tested using t-test analysis. The findings revealed that expressive participatory management practices had a significant positive effect on the efficiency of tertiary institutions in Enugu State (where t-calculated = 7.39 is higher than the t-table value = 2.776, that employment practices had a significant positive effect on quality of service of tertiary institutions in Enugu State (t-calculated= 6.93 is higher than the t-table = 2.776) and that disengagement practices had a significant positive effect on the efficiency of tertiary institutions in Enugu State ( where the t-value =11.20, whereas the t-table value = 2.77). The study concluded that expressive participatory management, employment practices and disengagement practices influenced the performance of tertiary institutions in Enugu State. The study recommended among others that since industrial democracy effect the performance of tertiary institutions, management should give more room for unions in the organisation to air their views and try as much as possible to align the needs of the employees to that of the institutions so to improve on service delivery","PeriodicalId":517493,"journal":{"name":"NG Journal of Social Development","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141112665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tanzania has made stride in enhancing women’s political representation through initiatives such as gender quotas and reserved seats in parliament. However, the translation of representation into substantive participation and influence remains a challenge. The paper employs and adopts a survey design with a descriptive approach, utilizing questionnaire for data collection. The collected data from 230 civil servants underwent descriptive analysis. The findings shed light on various challenges including limited representation, discriminatory legal frameworks, sociocultural barriers, restricted access to resources, institutional biases, violence/harassment, lack of gendersensitive policies, underrepresentation in leadership, and inadequate support systems. These challenges collectively underscore the barriers to gender equality in Tanzanian governance structures. The paper concludes that while Tanzania has witnessed advancement in women’s political representation, there are persistent challenges impeding substantive gender equality in governance structures. The paper recommends the following: implement gender –sensitive policies, enact legal reforms to remove barriers, strengthen women’s empowerment programs, conduct education and awareness campaigns, undertake institutional reforms to address biases, and foster supportive leadership to create an inclusive and equitable governance environment that enables women to actively participate in decision making process and contribute to positive governance outcomes.
{"title":"Unveiling obstacles and Possibilities for Gender Equality in Governance Structures in Tanzania","authors":"Elizabeth Lulu Genda","doi":"10.4314/ngjsd.v13i1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ngjsd.v13i1.12","url":null,"abstract":"Tanzania has made stride in enhancing women’s political representation through initiatives such as gender quotas and reserved seats in parliament. However, the translation of representation into substantive participation and influence remains a challenge. The paper employs and adopts a survey design with a descriptive approach, utilizing questionnaire for data collection. The collected data from 230 civil servants underwent descriptive analysis. The findings shed light on various challenges including limited representation, discriminatory legal frameworks, sociocultural barriers, restricted access to resources, institutional biases, violence/harassment, lack of gendersensitive policies, underrepresentation in leadership, and inadequate support systems. These challenges collectively underscore the barriers to gender equality in Tanzanian governance structures. The paper concludes that while Tanzania has witnessed advancement in women’s political representation, there are persistent challenges impeding substantive gender equality in governance structures. The paper recommends the following: implement gender –sensitive policies, enact legal reforms to remove barriers, strengthen women’s empowerment programs, conduct education and awareness campaigns, undertake institutional reforms to address biases, and foster supportive leadership to create an inclusive and equitable governance environment that enables women to actively participate in decision making process and contribute to positive governance outcomes. ","PeriodicalId":517493,"journal":{"name":"NG Journal of Social Development","volume":"4 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141120227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current study evaluated the variables influencing Village Land Councils' (VLC) ability to resolve land disputes before they are twisting out of their control. Pastoralists would often transhumance, taking their herds far from their villages in search of pastures and water, and sometimes they would let their animals to graze on agricultural fields. The Tanzanian government was prompted to divide village holdings into sections designated for farmers and livestock keepers to resolve the tensions between farmers and pastoralists to prevent ongoing conflicts. Key informant interviews and semi-structured interviews were used to gather data. NVivo software 14 was used to evaluate the qualitative data. The results indicate that the low literacy rates of their members, the absence of VLC capacity building, the absence of a chain of command in the conflict mediation and resolution process, biased choices, and corruption all contributed to the village land councils' limited ability to mitigate land conflicts. As a result, in defiance of the Village Land Act of 1999's instructions, communities arraign land disputes in public courts. It is found that village land councils, which were intended to hold reconciliation sessions and serve as village tribunals for reconciliation at the village level, have not succeeded in achieving the goals set forth, notwithstanding the limitations of the Village Land Act. The report suggests that the Village Land Act be reviewed, that VLC members' capability be increased, that secondary education be made a requirement for council participation, and that corruption be eliminated.
{"title":"Factors affecting the performance of the Village Land Councils in managing land use conflicts between farmers and pastoralists","authors":"Juma Zuberi Homera, Gustav Kunkuta, Henry Mollel","doi":"10.4314/ngjsd.v13i1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ngjsd.v13i1.13","url":null,"abstract":"The current study evaluated the variables influencing Village Land Councils' (VLC) ability to resolve land disputes before they are twisting out of their control. Pastoralists would often transhumance, taking their herds far from their villages in search of pastures and water, and sometimes they would let their animals to graze on agricultural fields. The Tanzanian government was prompted to divide village holdings into sections designated for farmers and livestock keepers to resolve the tensions between farmers and pastoralists to prevent ongoing conflicts. Key informant interviews and semi-structured interviews were used to gather data. NVivo software 14 was used to evaluate the qualitative data. The results indicate that the low literacy rates of their members, the absence of VLC capacity building, the absence of a chain of command in the conflict mediation and resolution process, biased choices, and corruption all contributed to the village land councils' limited ability to mitigate land conflicts. As a result, in defiance of the Village Land Act of 1999's instructions, communities arraign land disputes in public courts. It is found that village land councils, which were intended to hold reconciliation sessions and serve as village tribunals for reconciliation at the village level, have not succeeded in achieving the goals set forth, notwithstanding the limitations of the Village Land Act. The report suggests that the Village Land Act be reviewed, that VLC members' capability be increased, that secondary education be made a requirement for council participation, and that corruption be eliminated. ","PeriodicalId":517493,"journal":{"name":"NG Journal of Social Development","volume":"32 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141118810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examined the factors influencing the delay in the Gerezani-Mbagala BRT road construction project in Dar es Salaam. Specifically, the study examined client and consultant related factors that resulted in the delay in road construction in the study area. The study was guided by resource-based theory. The study used a descriptive research design and adopted purposive and stratified sampling techniques to select 50 members of the sample of the study. On the other hand, a questionnaire and interview tools were used to solicit information from the respondents. Additionally, the appropriate model for data analysis was the logistic regression model. The findings showed that limited funds provided by the client and poor communication had statistically significant associations with project delays in the Gerezani-Mbagala BRT construction project. Also, the results revealed that a delay in approving major changes and a lack of experience among the consultants had a statistically significant influence on the delays in the Gerezani-MbagalaBRT construction project. The study further revealed that delays in payments from the client and rework due to errors made by the construction personnel were significantly associated with project delays in the Gerezani-Mbagala BRT construction project. The study concludes that client-related and consultantrelated significantly caused the delays in the Gerezani-Mbagala BRT construction project. The study recommends that the client should provide enough time to produce project briefs and other feasibility studies, as this would lessen the impact of inaccurate project cost estimation, unforeseen site circumstances, and slow site clearances on the delivery of the construction project.
{"title":"Examining factors influencing delay of construction projects in Tanzania: A case of Gerenzani- Mbagala BRT road","authors":"Omari Killo, Anderson Gregory Rwela","doi":"10.4314/ngjsd.v13i1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ngjsd.v13i1.10","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the factors influencing the delay in the Gerezani-Mbagala BRT road construction project in Dar es Salaam. Specifically, the study examined client and consultant related factors that resulted in the delay in road construction in the study area. The study was guided by resource-based theory. The study used a descriptive research design and adopted purposive and stratified sampling techniques to select 50 members of the sample of the study. On the other hand, a questionnaire and interview tools were used to solicit information from the respondents. Additionally, the appropriate model for data analysis was the logistic regression model. The findings showed that limited funds provided by the client and poor communication had statistically significant associations with project delays in the Gerezani-Mbagala BRT construction project. Also, the results revealed that a delay in approving major changes and a lack of experience among the consultants had a statistically significant influence on the delays in the Gerezani-MbagalaBRT construction project. The study further revealed that delays in payments from the client and rework due to errors made by the construction personnel were significantly associated with project delays in the Gerezani-Mbagala BRT construction project. The study concludes that client-related and consultantrelated significantly caused the delays in the Gerezani-Mbagala BRT construction project. The study recommends that the client should provide enough time to produce project briefs and other feasibility studies, as this would lessen the impact of inaccurate project cost estimation, unforeseen site circumstances, and slow site clearances on the delivery of the construction project. ","PeriodicalId":517493,"journal":{"name":"NG Journal of Social Development","volume":"73 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140670668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arable farmers and the Fulani herdsmen conflict is a societal malaise that is bedeviling most societies in Nigeria. The scenes were more prevalence in the North-central geo-political zone of the country. In Plateau State, the incidence cut across different local government areas in the state. This study therefore examined the conflict between the Mwaghavul Arable farmers and the Fulani herdsmen in Mangu Local Government Area of Plateau State. The study adopted a mixed method research design. Data were elicited from documentary facts The main instruments for data collection were questionnaire, in-depth interview and observation; they were subjected to face and content validation. Focus group discussion and in-depth tinterview were used to corroborate the quantitative analysis. We used Pearson chisquare and ANOVA to test the hypotheses of the study at 0.05 level of significance. Findings of the study revealed that the conflict was triggered by the damages of crops of the Mwaghavul arable farmers by the herds of the Fulani herdsmen. The study also found the conflict has adverse on socio-economic development (schools, businesses, mutual trust, agricultural production, etc.). Based on the findings, study recommends the need to modernize herding system in Nigeria, need for civic education, moral probity, among others
{"title":"Mwaghavul Arable Farmers – Fulani Herdsmen Conflict and Socio-economic Development in Mangu Local Government Area of Plateau State","authors":"Nandes Dickson Cinjel, Matakhitswen Kefas","doi":"10.4314/ngjsd.v13i1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ngjsd.v13i1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Arable farmers and the Fulani herdsmen conflict is a societal malaise that is bedeviling most societies in Nigeria. The scenes were more prevalence in the North-central geo-political zone of the country. In Plateau State, the incidence cut across different local government areas in the state. This study therefore examined the conflict between the Mwaghavul Arable farmers and the Fulani herdsmen in Mangu Local Government Area of Plateau State. The study adopted a mixed method research design. Data were elicited from documentary facts The main instruments for data collection were questionnaire, in-depth interview and observation; they were subjected to face and content validation. Focus group discussion and in-depth tinterview were used to corroborate the quantitative analysis. We used Pearson chisquare and ANOVA to test the hypotheses of the study at 0.05 level of significance. Findings of the study revealed that the conflict was triggered by the damages of crops of the Mwaghavul arable farmers by the herds of the Fulani herdsmen. The study also found the conflict has adverse on socio-economic development (schools, businesses, mutual trust, agricultural production, etc.). Based on the findings, study recommends the need to modernize herding system in Nigeria, need for civic education, moral probity, among others ","PeriodicalId":517493,"journal":{"name":"NG Journal of Social Development","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140389423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rural areas in Nigeria including Ebonyi State, suffer from development challenges. One of these challenges is inadequate provision of primary healthcare services to the people. This ugly condition has worsened the case of infant and maternal mortalities in Nigeria and Ebonyi State in particular and this demands urgent attention of the local governments as well as other key development partners in order to address the challenge and improve the standard of living of people at the grassroots. It is based on this that this study investigated the challenges of local government in the provision of primary healthcare services in Ebonyi State. Data were sourced from text books, journals, and internet and library materials. As a qualitative study, content and narrative techniques were adopted to analyze the study. The study revealed that minimum standards set for provision of primary healthcare service delivery have not been met in Ebonyi State; hence, local governments in the study area have not optimally contributed to reduction of infant and maternal mortalities due to certain factors which include: poor healthcare financing, dilapidated primary healthcare infrastructure, shortage of qualified healthcare personnel, corruption in the healthcare sector, and lack of broad-based data bank for beneficiaries of primary healthcare services in the area. The paper therefore recommended proper funding of primary healthcare centres in Ebonyi State in line with the international and national benchmarks. This can be achieved through increased budgetary allocations by granting financial autonomy to local governments; more hospitals and clinics should be provided to increase access to health care facilities; there is also urgent need for massive recruitment of qualified healthcare personnel in the study area to among other things improve the quality of healthcare services available to the people in the localities.
{"title":"Challenges of Local Government in the Provision of Primary Health Care Services in Ebonyi State. Nigeria","authors":"M. C. Nwakamma, O. I. Kenneth, O.S. Taiwo","doi":"10.4314/ngjsd.v13i1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ngjsd.v13i1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Rural areas in Nigeria including Ebonyi State, suffer from development challenges. One of these challenges is inadequate provision of primary healthcare services to the people. This ugly condition has worsened the case of infant and maternal mortalities in Nigeria and Ebonyi State in particular and this demands urgent attention of the local governments as well as other key development partners in order to address the challenge and improve the standard of living of people at the grassroots. It is based on this that this study investigated the challenges of local government in the provision of primary healthcare services in Ebonyi State. Data were sourced from text books, journals, and internet and library materials. As a qualitative study, content and narrative techniques were adopted to analyze the study. The study revealed that minimum standards set for provision of primary healthcare service delivery have not been met in Ebonyi State; hence, local governments in the study area have not optimally contributed to reduction of infant and maternal mortalities due to certain factors which include: poor healthcare financing, dilapidated primary healthcare infrastructure, shortage of qualified healthcare personnel, corruption in the healthcare sector, and lack of broad-based data bank for beneficiaries of primary healthcare services in the area. The paper therefore recommended proper funding of primary healthcare centres in Ebonyi State in line with the international and national benchmarks. This can be achieved through increased budgetary allocations by granting financial autonomy to local governments; more hospitals and clinics should be provided to increase access to health care facilities; there is also urgent need for massive recruitment of qualified healthcare personnel in the study area to among other things improve the quality of healthcare services available to the people in the localities. ","PeriodicalId":517493,"journal":{"name":"NG Journal of Social Development","volume":" 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140389520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There has been tremendous involvement of NonGovernmental Organizations in helping governments alleviate poverty in Nigeria. This study therefore investigated the programmes of Non-governmental Organizations towards alleviating poverty using Enugu State as a case study. Specifically, it sought to examine the poverty alleviation programmes embarked upon by the NGOs; to ascertain how these programmes impacted on poverty alleviation; and to determine the various challenges affecting the success of these programmes in Enugu State. Descriptive survey design was employed for the investigation. Three (3) notable NGOs were engaged in the study. Population of the study was 527 persons comprising of staff of the three NGOs involved in the study and the beneficiaries of their programmes. Questionnaire instrument was used to elicit data for the study. T-test analysis technique was used to test the hypotheses formulated. Findings of the study revealed that there are various programmes initiated by NGOs in Enugu State and these programmes positively impacted on the citizens. However, these organizations were found to face various challenges which include limited funding, infrastructural deficiency, etc. The study recommended among other recommendations that NGOs should collaborate with government and private sector organizations to address funding and infrastructure deficiencies.
非政府组织在帮助尼日利亚政府减轻贫困方面发挥了巨大作用。因此，本研究以埃努古州为案例，调查了非政府组织的扶贫计划。具体而言，本研究试图考察非政府组织开展的减贫计划；确定这些计划对减贫的影响；并确定影响这些计划在埃努古州取得成功的各种挑战。调查采用了描述性调查设计。三（3）家知名非政府组织参与了研究。 研究对象为 527 人，包括参与研究的三个非政府组织的工作人员及其计划的受益人。研究采用问卷调查的方式获取数据。采用 T 检验分析技术对提出的假设进行检验。研究结果表明，埃努古州的非政府组织发起了各种计划，这些计划对公民产生了积极影响。然而，这些组织面临着各种挑战，包括资金有限、基础设施不足等。除其他建议外，该研究还建议非政府组织与政府和私营部门组织合作，以解决资金和基础设施不足的问题。
{"title":"Non-governmental Organizations’ programmes and Poverty Alleviation in Enugu State Nigeria","authors":"Ezeodili Walter, Felicia Okwueze, Onah Vitalis Emeka","doi":"10.4314/ngjsd.v13i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ngjsd.v13i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"There has been tremendous involvement of NonGovernmental Organizations in helping governments alleviate poverty in Nigeria. This study therefore investigated the programmes of Non-governmental Organizations towards alleviating poverty using Enugu State as a case study. Specifically, it sought to examine the poverty alleviation programmes embarked upon by the NGOs; to ascertain how these programmes impacted on poverty alleviation; and to determine the various challenges affecting the success of these programmes in Enugu State. Descriptive survey design was employed for the investigation. Three (3) notable NGOs were engaged in the study. Population of the study was 527 persons comprising of staff of the three NGOs involved in the study and the beneficiaries of their programmes. Questionnaire instrument was used to elicit data for the study. T-test analysis technique was used to test the hypotheses formulated. Findings of the study revealed that there are various programmes initiated by NGOs in Enugu State and these programmes positively impacted on the citizens. However, these organizations were found to face various challenges which include limited funding, infrastructural deficiency, etc. The study recommended among other recommendations that NGOs should collaborate with government and private sector organizations to address funding and infrastructure deficiencies. ","PeriodicalId":517493,"journal":{"name":"NG Journal of Social Development","volume":"47 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140285559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study examined the Effect of Motivation strategies on Job satisfaction and performance: A Study of Nigeria Police Force. Data were elicited using questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. The responses were analysed using both simple and multiple linear regressions. Findings revealed that the promotion strategy has a significant impact on motivation and performance, while the other two variables (police training and retraining strategy, and donation of operational vehicles) do not show a statistically significant relationship at the conventional alpha level of 0.05. Overall, the findings indicate that the promotion strategy has a stronger influence on job satisfaction and performance in the Nigeria Police Force compared to the other strategies (training and re-training and donation of operational vehicle) examined. Focus on enhancing and improving the promotion strategy within the Nigeria Police Force, as it has shown to have a significant impact on motivation and performance. The study recommends that the management of NPF should consider ways to make the promotion process transparent, fair, and rewarding for deserving officers. While police training and retraining strategies and the donation of operational vehicles did not show a statistically significant relationship with job satisfaction and performance, it is still important to continue investing in these areas to ensure that officers have the necessary skills and resources to perform their duties effectively. Implement a holistic approach to improving motivation and performance by considering a combination of strategies that address various aspects of officer well-being and job satisfaction, such as provision of effective operational vehicle, worklife balance, leadership support, and career development opportunities.
{"title":"Effect of Motivation on Job Satisfaction and Performance: A Study of Nigeria Police Force","authors":"Uzor Nnenna Louis, Adegbola Eunice, Alabi Jacob, Chukwuma Nnenna, Araga Abdullahi","doi":"10.4314/ngjsd.v13i1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ngjsd.v13i1.4","url":null,"abstract":"The study examined the Effect of Motivation strategies on Job satisfaction and performance: A Study of Nigeria Police Force. Data were elicited using questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. The responses were analysed using both simple and multiple linear regressions. Findings revealed that the promotion strategy has a significant impact on motivation and performance, while the other two variables (police training and retraining strategy, and donation of operational vehicles) do not show a statistically significant relationship at the conventional alpha level of 0.05. Overall, the findings indicate that the promotion strategy has a stronger influence on job satisfaction and performance in the Nigeria Police Force compared to the other strategies (training and re-training and donation of operational vehicle) examined. Focus on enhancing and improving the promotion strategy within the Nigeria Police Force, as it has shown to have a significant impact on motivation and performance. The study recommends that the management of NPF should consider ways to make the promotion process transparent, fair, and rewarding for deserving officers. While police training and retraining strategies and the donation of operational vehicles did not show a statistically significant relationship with job satisfaction and performance, it is still important to continue investing in these areas to ensure that officers have the necessary skills and resources to perform their duties effectively. Implement a holistic approach to improving motivation and performance by considering a combination of strategies that address various aspects of officer well-being and job satisfaction, such as provision of effective operational vehicle, worklife balance, leadership support, and career development opportunities.","PeriodicalId":517493,"journal":{"name":"NG Journal of Social Development","volume":"51 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140285548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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