Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1177/14658011241263470
Kaiyi Jiang, Bin Wu, Yanling Guo
This research delves into an upscale, personalised packaging paradigm employing 3D printing and a bio-composite derived from esteemed rosewood. The study incorporates a design for additive manufacturing, enhancing designers’ flexibility, and fostering innovation. To address global sustainability imperatives, including efficiency, energy conservation, a low carbon footprint and ecological compatibility, a premium and sustainable rosewood/polyethersulfone (PES) composite is developed. Laser sintering (LS), renowned for its processing flexibility, is applied for crafting intricate packages. A weight ratio of 1:4 of rosewood to PES is highly suitable for LS processing. The resultant custom carton, embodying natural rosewood aesthetics and fragrance, exhibits commendable mechanical robustness and precision. Tensile and bending strengths reach peaks of 4.880 MPa and 7.870 MPa, respectively, under a 9-W laser power. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis confirms the favourable dispersion of rosewood fibres in LS specimens, providing insights into the microstructure of the composite powder.
这项研究深入探讨了一种高档个性化包装范例，它采用了三维打印技术和一种从珍贵红木中提取的生物复合材料。研究采用了增材制造设计，提高了设计师的灵活性，促进了创新。为了解决全球可持续发展的当务之急，包括效率、节能、低碳足迹和生态兼容性，开发了一种优质、可持续的花梨木/聚醚砜（PES）复合材料。激光烧结（LS）以其加工灵活性而闻名，可用于制作复杂的包装。红木与聚醚砜的重量比为 1:4，非常适合 LS 加工。最终制成的定制纸盒体现了天然花梨木的美感和香味，具有令人称道的机械坚固性和精确性。在 9 瓦激光功率下，拉伸和弯曲强度分别达到 4.880 兆帕和 7.870 兆帕的峰值。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析证实了花梨木纤维在 LS 试样中的良好分散性，为了解复合材料粉末的微观结构提供了依据。
{"title":"3D printing of sustainable wood-based bio-composites for high-end custom carton","authors":"Kaiyi Jiang, Bin Wu, Yanling Guo","doi":"10.1177/14658011241263470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14658011241263470","url":null,"abstract":"This research delves into an upscale, personalised packaging paradigm employing 3D printing and a bio-composite derived from esteemed rosewood. The study incorporates a design for additive manufacturing, enhancing designers’ flexibility, and fostering innovation. To address global sustainability imperatives, including efficiency, energy conservation, a low carbon footprint and ecological compatibility, a premium and sustainable rosewood/polyethersulfone (PES) composite is developed. Laser sintering (LS), renowned for its processing flexibility, is applied for crafting intricate packages. A weight ratio of 1:4 of rosewood to PES is highly suitable for LS processing. The resultant custom carton, embodying natural rosewood aesthetics and fragrance, exhibits commendable mechanical robustness and precision. Tensile and bending strengths reach peaks of 4.880 MPa and 7.870 MPa, respectively, under a 9-W laser power. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis confirms the favourable dispersion of rosewood fibres in LS specimens, providing insights into the microstructure of the composite powder.","PeriodicalId":518051,"journal":{"name":"Plastics, Rubber and Composites: Macromolecular Engineering","volume":"27 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1177/14658011241261474
Zhennan Luan, Xiao Xiao, Fuhao Zhu, Qingguo Wang
Improving the wet skid resistance of tire tread is very important for the safety of vehicle driving. Using a novel ultrafine full-vulcanised powdered styrene-butadiene rubber (UFPSBR), this work prepared an advanced UFPSBR/nature rubber (NR)/styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) composites used for the tire tread. On one hand, the UFPSBR improves the loss factor (tanδ) values of the UFPSBR/NR/SBR composites in temperature range from 0 °C to 10 °C, indicating that the UFPSBR modified tire tread has better wet skid resistance. On the other hand, the UFPSBR increases the surface roughness and complex modulus of the UFPSBR/NR/SBR composites while decreasing the water contact angle of the UFPSBR/NR/SBR composites, which is conducive to increasing the wet skid resistance of tire tread by puncturing the water film or leading a thinner water film between tire tread surface and road surface. Above researches are more comprehensive and benefit for studying the advanced green tire with high wet skid resistance.
提高轮胎胎面的湿滑阻力对车辆行驶安全非常重要。本研究利用一种新型超细全硫化粉末丁苯橡胶（UFPSBR），制备了一种用于轮胎胎面的先进 UFPSBR/天然橡胶（NR）/丁苯橡胶（SBR）复合材料。一方面，UFPSBR 提高了 UFPSBR/NR/SBR 复合材料在 0 °C 至 10 °C 温度范围内的损耗因子（tanδ）值，表明 UFPSBR 改性轮胎胎面具有更好的湿滑性能。另一方面，UFPSBR 增加了 UFPSBR/NR/SBR 复合材料的表面粗糙度和复合模量，同时降低了 UFPSBR/NR/SBR 复合材料的水接触角，有利于通过刺穿水膜或使轮胎胎面与路面之间的水膜变薄来提高轮胎胎面的防滑性能。以上研究对研究高湿滑性能的先进绿色轮胎具有较全面的意义。
{"title":"Improved wet skid resistance of NR/SBR composites induced by irradiation vulcanised styrene-butadiene rubber particles","authors":"Zhennan Luan, Xiao Xiao, Fuhao Zhu, Qingguo Wang","doi":"10.1177/14658011241261474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14658011241261474","url":null,"abstract":"Improving the wet skid resistance of tire tread is very important for the safety of vehicle driving. Using a novel ultrafine full-vulcanised powdered styrene-butadiene rubber (UFPSBR), this work prepared an advanced UFPSBR/nature rubber (NR)/styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) composites used for the tire tread. On one hand, the UFPSBR improves the loss factor (tanδ) values of the UFPSBR/NR/SBR composites in temperature range from 0 °C to 10 °C, indicating that the UFPSBR modified tire tread has better wet skid resistance. On the other hand, the UFPSBR increases the surface roughness and complex modulus of the UFPSBR/NR/SBR composites while decreasing the water contact angle of the UFPSBR/NR/SBR composites, which is conducive to increasing the wet skid resistance of tire tread by puncturing the water film or leading a thinner water film between tire tread surface and road surface. Above researches are more comprehensive and benefit for studying the advanced green tire with high wet skid resistance.","PeriodicalId":518051,"journal":{"name":"Plastics, Rubber and Composites: Macromolecular Engineering","volume":"46 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141803746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1177/14658011241262747
Qiong Cang, Haicun Yang, Jinchun Li
A series of hybrid particles consisting of graphene oxide and magnesium–aluminium-layered double hydroxides (GO/Mg–Al-LDHs) were prepared by the co-precipitation method and then modified by allyltrimethoxysilane (ATMS). X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, Raman spectra and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) micrograph results showed the modified GO/Mg–Al-LDHs were synthesised with a smaller particle size and better dispersion. The polypropylene (PP) composites were prepared via the reactive extrusion method, and the effects of GO content in hybrids on the mechanical properties, processability, thermal stability, flame retardation, melting and crystallisation behaviour of composites were investigated in detail. The comprehensive properties of composites containing GO/Mg–Al-LDHs were excellent compared to those of Mg–Al-LDHs under the same filler concentration. Compared with pure PP, 20 wt-% of GO/Mg–Al-LDHs-2.5 increased the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of composites from 16.4% to 28.8% with a V-0 level of U-94 testing and decreased the heat release rate (HRR) and total heat release (THR) values from 1206.4 kW/m2 and 133.9 MJ/m2 to 146.9 kW/m2 and 69.6 MJ/m2. Meanwhile, the tensile, impact strength and elongation at break were 36.2 MPa, 3.0 kJ/m2 and 68.6%, respectively. This work provided an effective strategy for enhancing the dispersion and comprehensive properties of GO/LDHs-based composites.
{"title":"Synthesis of graphene oxide/layered double hydroxides hybrids via co-precipitation and their polypropylene composites","authors":"Qiong Cang, Haicun Yang, Jinchun Li","doi":"10.1177/14658011241262747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14658011241262747","url":null,"abstract":"A series of hybrid particles consisting of graphene oxide and magnesium–aluminium-layered double hydroxides (GO/Mg–Al-LDHs) were prepared by the co-precipitation method and then modified by allyltrimethoxysilane (ATMS). X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, Raman spectra and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) micrograph results showed the modified GO/Mg–Al-LDHs were synthesised with a smaller particle size and better dispersion. The polypropylene (PP) composites were prepared via the reactive extrusion method, and the effects of GO content in hybrids on the mechanical properties, processability, thermal stability, flame retardation, melting and crystallisation behaviour of composites were investigated in detail. The comprehensive properties of composites containing GO/Mg–Al-LDHs were excellent compared to those of Mg–Al-LDHs under the same filler concentration. Compared with pure PP, 20 wt-% of GO/Mg–Al-LDHs-2.5 increased the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of composites from 16.4% to 28.8% with a V-0 level of U-94 testing and decreased the heat release rate (HRR) and total heat release (THR) values from 1206.4 kW/m2 and 133.9 MJ/m2 to 146.9 kW/m2 and 69.6 MJ/m2. Meanwhile, the tensile, impact strength and elongation at break were 36.2 MPa, 3.0 kJ/m2 and 68.6%, respectively. This work provided an effective strategy for enhancing the dispersion and comprehensive properties of GO/LDHs-based composites.","PeriodicalId":518051,"journal":{"name":"Plastics, Rubber and Composites: Macromolecular Engineering","volume":"36 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141813132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1177/14658011241263214
Sagnik Chowdhury, Abhishek Mandal, Abhijit Banik
Fused deposition modelling stands as a prominent method within the realm of three-dimensional printing for crafting sturdy parts. This process builds solid components through the successive deposition of molten polymer layers extruded from a nozzle. This paper investigates the effect of process parameters such as infill angle and orientation angle on surface roughness and tensile strength. The full factorial design of experiment has been considered for experimentation. Studies show that the orientation angle should be kept as low as possible for a better surface finish, whereas the infill angle has a less significant effect on surface roughness (within the experimental domain). It has also been noted that to get a better tensile strength one has to print the sample with a low infill angle and with a low orientation angle.
{"title":"Process parameter optimisation and characterisation of fused deposition modelling-polylactic acid (FDM-PLA) parts","authors":"Sagnik Chowdhury, Abhishek Mandal, Abhijit Banik","doi":"10.1177/14658011241263214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14658011241263214","url":null,"abstract":"Fused deposition modelling stands as a prominent method within the realm of three-dimensional printing for crafting sturdy parts. This process builds solid components through the successive deposition of molten polymer layers extruded from a nozzle. This paper investigates the effect of process parameters such as infill angle and orientation angle on surface roughness and tensile strength. The full factorial design of experiment has been considered for experimentation. Studies show that the orientation angle should be kept as low as possible for a better surface finish, whereas the infill angle has a less significant effect on surface roughness (within the experimental domain). It has also been noted that to get a better tensile strength one has to print the sample with a low infill angle and with a low orientation angle.","PeriodicalId":518051,"journal":{"name":"Plastics, Rubber and Composites: Macromolecular Engineering","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141814053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The tensile strength, impact property and thermal stability of polyamide 6 (PA6) reinforced with carboxylic acid-functionalised multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with 1 and 2 wt.%, and short glass fibre (SGF) with 10 and 20 wt.%, were investigated. The morphological properties were examined by SEM. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was also carried out to explore the thermal stability and crystallinity of nanocomposites. For determining the optimal weight percentage of reinforcements, the response surface methodology (RSM) was used. The effect of nanotubes and weight percentages of fibre on the tensile and impact properties was investigated by analysis of variance. The results indicated that the incorporation of MWCNTs to PA6 increased the tensile and impact strength of the matrix by 16% and 24%, respectively. Also, the addition of SGFs to polyamide improved the mechanical properties. The results also showed that the nanocomposite containing 1 wt.% MWCNTs and 20 wt.% SGFs had the highest properties (66% increase for tensile and 81% increase for impact strength compared to neat PA6). The DSC results confirmed the effect of reinforcements on thermal characteristics of nanocomposites. The validation of output models of responses implies the ability of models to predict the tensile and impact behaviour of composites.
{"title":"Evaluation of the tensile strength and impact property of polyamide/short glass fibre-multi-walled carbon nanotube composites: an experimental study based on response surface method","authors":"Simin Ahmadi, Hassan Abdoos, Ehsan Borhani, Alireza Albooyeh","doi":"10.1177/14658011241258966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14658011241258966","url":null,"abstract":"The tensile strength, impact property and thermal stability of polyamide 6 (PA6) reinforced with carboxylic acid-functionalised multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with 1 and 2 wt.%, and short glass fibre (SGF) with 10 and 20 wt.%, were investigated. The morphological properties were examined by SEM. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was also carried out to explore the thermal stability and crystallinity of nanocomposites. For determining the optimal weight percentage of reinforcements, the response surface methodology (RSM) was used. The effect of nanotubes and weight percentages of fibre on the tensile and impact properties was investigated by analysis of variance. The results indicated that the incorporation of MWCNTs to PA6 increased the tensile and impact strength of the matrix by 16% and 24%, respectively. Also, the addition of SGFs to polyamide improved the mechanical properties. The results also showed that the nanocomposite containing 1 wt.% MWCNTs and 20 wt.% SGFs had the highest properties (66% increase for tensile and 81% increase for impact strength compared to neat PA6). The DSC results confirmed the effect of reinforcements on thermal characteristics of nanocomposites. The validation of output models of responses implies the ability of models to predict the tensile and impact behaviour of composites.","PeriodicalId":518051,"journal":{"name":"Plastics, Rubber and Composites: Macromolecular Engineering","volume":"19 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141357275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-02DOI: 10.1177/14658011241258970
Xiang Nian, Xiaohui Huang, Wei Rao, Qingsheng Yang
In this article, we conduct a numerical simulation to investigate the failure mechanism of natural fibre–hydrogel composites under tensile deformation and swelling. Firstly, a physical-based constitutive model is chosen to describe the deformation of the hydrogel matrix. Concurrently, a macroscopic phenomenological hyperelastic constitutive model, incorporated into the material database of Abaqus, is employed to describe the mechanical responses of natural fibres. Then, we implement the model for a numerical analysis. The material parameters of the model for the hydrogel matrix and fibres are determined by a trial-and-error method from the experimental curves of pure hydrogel and fibres; the numerically simulated stress–strain curve of the composites is compared with the experimental one to verify the effectiveness of the simulation. Subsequently, several numerical analyses are performed to discuss the failure mechanism of hydrogel composites caused by the microstructural features of fibres. The findings revealed that fibre protrusion, fibre orientation deviation, and interface strength significantly affect the local failure of the composites during tensile deformation and swelling; the composites’ strength and toughness mainly depend on the cooperation of various microstructural features. These results provide valuable insights into the design of fibre–hydrogel composites.
{"title":"Numerical simulation of microstructural failure of natural fibre–hydrogel composites","authors":"Xiang Nian, Xiaohui Huang, Wei Rao, Qingsheng Yang","doi":"10.1177/14658011241258970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14658011241258970","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we conduct a numerical simulation to investigate the failure mechanism of natural fibre–hydrogel composites under tensile deformation and swelling. Firstly, a physical-based constitutive model is chosen to describe the deformation of the hydrogel matrix. Concurrently, a macroscopic phenomenological hyperelastic constitutive model, incorporated into the material database of Abaqus, is employed to describe the mechanical responses of natural fibres. Then, we implement the model for a numerical analysis. The material parameters of the model for the hydrogel matrix and fibres are determined by a trial-and-error method from the experimental curves of pure hydrogel and fibres; the numerically simulated stress–strain curve of the composites is compared with the experimental one to verify the effectiveness of the simulation. Subsequently, several numerical analyses are performed to discuss the failure mechanism of hydrogel composites caused by the microstructural features of fibres. The findings revealed that fibre protrusion, fibre orientation deviation, and interface strength significantly affect the local failure of the composites during tensile deformation and swelling; the composites’ strength and toughness mainly depend on the cooperation of various microstructural features. These results provide valuable insights into the design of fibre–hydrogel composites.","PeriodicalId":518051,"journal":{"name":"Plastics, Rubber and Composites: Macromolecular Engineering","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141273223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.1177/14658011241253553
Dung The Dinh, H. Ninh, Hung Tran Nguyen, Dat Huu Nguyen, Giang Vu Nguyen, Tung Huy Nguyen, Kien Trung Pham, Duong Duc La
Carbon fibre-reinforced polyamide 6 (PA6) composites exhibit exceptional mechanical properties, making them a highly attractive material option for various industries. Their ability to combine the advantages of carbon fibres with the versatility of PA6 provides opportunities for lightweight, high-performance applications. This work presented the fabrication of a PA6/carbon fibre composition with carbon fibre was modified by two different chemicals: nitric acid and diglycidil ether bisphenol A (DGEBA). The tensile strength at break, flexural strength, Rockwell hardness and Izod impact were measured to compare the mechanical properties of composites based on the PA6 matrix with two different modified carbon fibres. The morphology of PA6-based composite with different modified carbon fibres was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that PA6 is more compatible with acid-modified carbon fibre than DGEBA-modified carbon fibre and unmodified carbon fibre. In comparison to composite materials containing unmodified carbon fibre and DGEBA-modified carbon fibre, composite containing acid-modified carbon fibre increase tensile strength (16–38% and 7–15%, respectively), flexural strength (18–66% and 51–70%, respectively), Izod impact (23–65% and 32–78%, respectively) and Rockwell hardness (50–400% and equivalence, respectively).
{"title":"Polyamide 6/carbon fibre composite: An investigation of carbon fibre modifying pathways for improving mechanical properties","authors":"Dung The Dinh, H. Ninh, Hung Tran Nguyen, Dat Huu Nguyen, Giang Vu Nguyen, Tung Huy Nguyen, Kien Trung Pham, Duong Duc La","doi":"10.1177/14658011241253553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14658011241253553","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon fibre-reinforced polyamide 6 (PA6) composites exhibit exceptional mechanical properties, making them a highly attractive material option for various industries. Their ability to combine the advantages of carbon fibres with the versatility of PA6 provides opportunities for lightweight, high-performance applications. This work presented the fabrication of a PA6/carbon fibre composition with carbon fibre was modified by two different chemicals: nitric acid and diglycidil ether bisphenol A (DGEBA). The tensile strength at break, flexural strength, Rockwell hardness and Izod impact were measured to compare the mechanical properties of composites based on the PA6 matrix with two different modified carbon fibres. The morphology of PA6-based composite with different modified carbon fibres was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that PA6 is more compatible with acid-modified carbon fibre than DGEBA-modified carbon fibre and unmodified carbon fibre. In comparison to composite materials containing unmodified carbon fibre and DGEBA-modified carbon fibre, composite containing acid-modified carbon fibre increase tensile strength (16–38% and 7–15%, respectively), flexural strength (18–66% and 51–70%, respectively), Izod impact (23–65% and 32–78%, respectively) and Rockwell hardness (50–400% and equivalence, respectively).","PeriodicalId":518051,"journal":{"name":"Plastics, Rubber and Composites: Macromolecular Engineering","volume":"86 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141122862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-16DOI: 10.1177/14658011241255060
Xin Wang, Shing-Chung Wong, Xiaosheng Gao, Soon W. Moon
The progressive damage behaviors of woven fabric-reinforced natural rubber panels under low-velocity impact were studied by the drop-weight tests. The woven fabrics considered include nylon, Kevlar, and carbon. The impact force, impact energy, and delamination area were analyzed, and the damaged samples were observed using an optical microscopy and an X-ray scanner to investigate the damage mechanisms. The results show that the peak force of impact increases while the absorbed energy decreases as the fiber strength/stiffness and fiber content increase. Based on the peak force and the delamination area results, the natural rubber/Carbon/2 specimen, which consists of two carbon fabric layers inside the natural rubber, displays the best impact performance among the composites considered in this study.
通过落重试验研究了编织物增强天然橡胶板在低速冲击下的渐进破坏行为。考虑的编织物包括尼龙、凯夫拉纤维和碳纤维。分析了冲击力、冲击能量和分层面积，并使用光学显微镜和 X 射线扫描仪观察了受损样品，以研究其受损机制。结果表明，随着纤维强度/刚度和纤维含量的增加，冲击力峰值增大，而吸收的能量减小。根据峰值力和分层面积结果，天然橡胶/碳纤维/2 试样（由天然橡胶内的两层碳纤维组成）在本研究考虑的复合材料中显示出最佳的冲击性能。
{"title":"Low-velocity impact behavior of woven fabric-reinforced natural rubber composites","authors":"Xin Wang, Shing-Chung Wong, Xiaosheng Gao, Soon W. Moon","doi":"10.1177/14658011241255060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14658011241255060","url":null,"abstract":"The progressive damage behaviors of woven fabric-reinforced natural rubber panels under low-velocity impact were studied by the drop-weight tests. The woven fabrics considered include nylon, Kevlar, and carbon. The impact force, impact energy, and delamination area were analyzed, and the damaged samples were observed using an optical microscopy and an X-ray scanner to investigate the damage mechanisms. The results show that the peak force of impact increases while the absorbed energy decreases as the fiber strength/stiffness and fiber content increase. Based on the peak force and the delamination area results, the natural rubber/Carbon/2 specimen, which consists of two carbon fabric layers inside the natural rubber, displays the best impact performance among the composites considered in this study.","PeriodicalId":518051,"journal":{"name":"Plastics, Rubber and Composites: Macromolecular Engineering","volume":"32 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140967226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To reveal the thermal-force coupling characteristics of the laser in-situ consolidation (ISC) of carbon fibre-reinforced poly-ether-ether-ketone (CF/PEEK) composites, a two-dimensional transient thermal-force model of CF/PEEK composites was constructed using COMSOL Multiphysics finite element simulation software to calculate the temperature history and the thermal stress variation of CF/PEEK composites during the laser-assisted automated tape placement (LATP) process. The results show that the temperature field formed on the surface of each layer by the laser spot during LATP is stable, and the temperature gradient at the front of the spot movement direction is higher than that at the back edge. The maximum stresses in the laminate occur on both sides of the first CF/PEEK layer and the stresses are unevenly distributed along the length and thickness directions of the lay-up. The composite material on both sides of the laminate tends to ‘shrink’ compared to its original position.
{"title":"Thermal-force coupling simulation of carbon fibre-reinforced poly-ether-ether-ketone thermoplastic composites during the laser-assisted automated tape placement process","authors":"Cheng-Hao Zhang, Fei Wang, Cheng-Shuang Zhang, Yan-Ling Bao, Meng-Jie Wang, Dong Liu, Jing Wu, Zhong-Min Su","doi":"10.1177/14658011241253226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14658011241253226","url":null,"abstract":"To reveal the thermal-force coupling characteristics of the laser in-situ consolidation (ISC) of carbon fibre-reinforced poly-ether-ether-ketone (CF/PEEK) composites, a two-dimensional transient thermal-force model of CF/PEEK composites was constructed using COMSOL Multiphysics finite element simulation software to calculate the temperature history and the thermal stress variation of CF/PEEK composites during the laser-assisted automated tape placement (LATP) process. The results show that the temperature field formed on the surface of each layer by the laser spot during LATP is stable, and the temperature gradient at the front of the spot movement direction is higher than that at the back edge. The maximum stresses in the laminate occur on both sides of the first CF/PEEK layer and the stresses are unevenly distributed along the length and thickness directions of the lay-up. The composite material on both sides of the laminate tends to ‘shrink’ compared to its original position.","PeriodicalId":518051,"journal":{"name":"Plastics, Rubber and Composites: Macromolecular Engineering","volume":" 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140995616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1177/14658011231215986
S. Kanakannavar, J. Pitchaimani
Natural fibre (flax) plain type of woven fabric is developed by using solid braided yarn and is utilised as filler material and PLA (polylactic acid) as a matrix. Solution casting is then used to create sheets of pure PLA and flax fabric–PLA. Composites are manufactured by sheets sequencing technique using the hot compression moulding method. Water absorption, thickness swelling and flexural tests are performed in loading directions of warp and weft of the composites. Results revealed that the absorption of water and swelling of thickness are enriched with an addition of flax fabric. The weft direction loaded composite displayed greater values of water uptake and thickness swelling. The warp direction loaded composites demonstrated the highest flexural strength (92.3 MPa) and modulus (4.5 GPa) compared to weft direction loaded composites. These values are decreased after water absorption.
{"title":"Relation between water absorption and mechanical properties of flax 3D braided yarn woven fabric PLA bio-degradable composites","authors":"S. Kanakannavar, J. Pitchaimani","doi":"10.1177/14658011231215986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14658011231215986","url":null,"abstract":"Natural fibre (flax) plain type of woven fabric is developed by using solid braided yarn and is utilised as filler material and PLA (polylactic acid) as a matrix. Solution casting is then used to create sheets of pure PLA and flax fabric–PLA. Composites are manufactured by sheets sequencing technique using the hot compression moulding method. Water absorption, thickness swelling and flexural tests are performed in loading directions of warp and weft of the composites. Results revealed that the absorption of water and swelling of thickness are enriched with an addition of flax fabric. The weft direction loaded composite displayed greater values of water uptake and thickness swelling. The warp direction loaded composites demonstrated the highest flexural strength (92.3 MPa) and modulus (4.5 GPa) compared to weft direction loaded composites. These values are decreased after water absorption.","PeriodicalId":518051,"journal":{"name":"Plastics, Rubber and Composites: Macromolecular Engineering","volume":"643 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140528710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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