This paper presents an IoT-based automated settlement monitoring system that aims to meet the diverse requirements of applications and the increasing demand for settlement monitoring. The system consists of a perception subsystem, data transmission layer, IoT cloud platform, and application terminal. The differential pressure static level sensor transmits the sensor serial port raw data to the 4G DTU through the RS-485 bus interface. Then, the 4G DTU converts it into a 4G network and transmits the data to the IoT cloud platform via the MQTT protocol. The IoT cloud platform analyzes and processes the collected data to generate reports, visualize data to generate curves, and perform real-time anomaly identification on the data. Finally, it implements viewing of settlement monitoring data and curve changes, as well as monitoring status warnings at the application terminal. The practical engineering application results show that this system can provide effective safety monitoring and an early warning scheme for slope, tunnel, bridge, and building safety monitoring.
{"title":"An IoT-Based Early Warning System for Settlement Monitoring Using Differential Pressure Static Level","authors":"Tieyan Chao, Hui Liang, Yuwei Ge, Kai Hou, Xiang Dong, Ting Peng","doi":"10.23919/ICACT60172.2024.10471941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ICACT60172.2024.10471941","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an IoT-based automated settlement monitoring system that aims to meet the diverse requirements of applications and the increasing demand for settlement monitoring. The system consists of a perception subsystem, data transmission layer, IoT cloud platform, and application terminal. The differential pressure static level sensor transmits the sensor serial port raw data to the 4G DTU through the RS-485 bus interface. Then, the 4G DTU converts it into a 4G network and transmits the data to the IoT cloud platform via the MQTT protocol. The IoT cloud platform analyzes and processes the collected data to generate reports, visualize data to generate curves, and perform real-time anomaly identification on the data. Finally, it implements viewing of settlement monitoring data and curve changes, as well as monitoring status warnings at the application terminal. The practical engineering application results show that this system can provide effective safety monitoring and an early warning scheme for slope, tunnel, bridge, and building safety monitoring.","PeriodicalId":518077,"journal":{"name":"2024 26th International Conference on Advanced Communications Technology (ICACT)","volume":"73 ","pages":"01-05"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140528294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-04DOI: 10.23919/icact60172.2024.10471961
{"title":"Table of Contents (Journal)","authors":"","doi":"10.23919/icact60172.2024.10471961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/icact60172.2024.10471961","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":518077,"journal":{"name":"2024 26th International Conference on Advanced Communications Technology (ICACT)","volume":"87 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140528309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-04DOI: 10.23919/ICACT60172.2024.10472007
Ming-An Chung, Kai-Xiang Chen, Kuo-Chun Tseng
A broadband chip antenna designed for millimeter wave (mm W) can be used in fifth-generation (5G) frequency bands. The on-chip mmW antenna designed for the Ka-band utilizes standard Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) technology. In this design, the mmW antenna structure is formed by connecting the top layer (Metal6) and the bottom metal layer (Metal1) to reduce losses. Many architectures have been proposed for chip antennas to overcome the metal thickness during fabrication and improve the gain of chip antennas. Therefore, this paper proposes an on-chip antenna for the fifth-generation mobile communication millimeter-wave frequency band. Using high-frequency electromagnetic simulation software, the chip antenna exhibits a minimum return loss of -18dB at 31GHz and a peak gain of -7 dB. The measured reflection coefficient is below -10dB from 18.8 GHz to 32.5 GHz.
{"title":"Design of Ka-Band Chip Antenna Based on Slot Antenna","authors":"Ming-An Chung, Kai-Xiang Chen, Kuo-Chun Tseng","doi":"10.23919/ICACT60172.2024.10472007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ICACT60172.2024.10472007","url":null,"abstract":"A broadband chip antenna designed for millimeter wave (mm W) can be used in fifth-generation (5G) frequency bands. The on-chip mmW antenna designed for the Ka-band utilizes standard Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) technology. In this design, the mmW antenna structure is formed by connecting the top layer (Metal6) and the bottom metal layer (Metal1) to reduce losses. Many architectures have been proposed for chip antennas to overcome the metal thickness during fabrication and improve the gain of chip antennas. Therefore, this paper proposes an on-chip antenna for the fifth-generation mobile communication millimeter-wave frequency band. Using high-frequency electromagnetic simulation software, the chip antenna exhibits a minimum return loss of -18dB at 31GHz and a peak gain of -7 dB. The measured reflection coefficient is below -10dB from 18.8 GHz to 32.5 GHz.","PeriodicalId":518077,"journal":{"name":"2024 26th International Conference on Advanced Communications Technology (ICACT)","volume":"15 2","pages":"01-04"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140528282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) are pivotal for enhancing the transmission performance of vehicular communications. This paper delves into the downlink power allocation of a NOMA-OTFS system with a frequency domain linear equalizer (FD-LE), where a high-speed user in delay-Doppler domain and multiple low-speed time-frequency domain NOMA users coexist. Considering the fairness of NOMA users, we optimize the minimum rate of the low-speed users, constrained by the quality of service (QoS) of the high-speed user. To address this problem, we propose an iterative power allocation optimization (IP-AO) strategy and obtain an accurate optimal solution based on the auxiliary variables by transforming the original non-convex problem into a convex one. Moreover, we derive a closed-form solution for the optimal power allocation (OPA). Simulation results validate the superiority of our schemes over traditional power allocation methods in maximizing the minimum user rate in the NOMA-OTFS vehicular system.
{"title":"Optimization of Downlink Power Allocation in NOMA-OTFS Based Cross-Domain Vehicular Networks","authors":"Hao Xu, Zhiquan Bai, Jinqiu Zhao, Dejie Ma, Bangwei He, Kyungsup Kwak","doi":"10.23919/ICACT60172.2024.10471949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ICACT60172.2024.10471949","url":null,"abstract":"Orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) are pivotal for enhancing the transmission performance of vehicular communications. This paper delves into the downlink power allocation of a NOMA-OTFS system with a frequency domain linear equalizer (FD-LE), where a high-speed user in delay-Doppler domain and multiple low-speed time-frequency domain NOMA users coexist. Considering the fairness of NOMA users, we optimize the minimum rate of the low-speed users, constrained by the quality of service (QoS) of the high-speed user. To address this problem, we propose an iterative power allocation optimization (IP-AO) strategy and obtain an accurate optimal solution based on the auxiliary variables by transforming the original non-convex problem into a convex one. Moreover, we derive a closed-form solution for the optimal power allocation (OPA). Simulation results validate the superiority of our schemes over traditional power allocation methods in maximizing the minimum user rate in the NOMA-OTFS vehicular system.","PeriodicalId":518077,"journal":{"name":"2024 26th International Conference on Advanced Communications Technology (ICACT)","volume":"32 2","pages":"01-06"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140528123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-04DOI: 10.23919/ICACT60172.2024.10471986
Nattagit Jiteurtragool
In this paper, a generalized form of chaotic map based on nonlinear function with parabolic shape is introduced. The study involves the investigation of chaotic dynamics in terms of apparent in time-domain, and both qualitatively and quantitatively examination using bifurcation diagram and Lyapunov exponents. Furthermore, the practical application of these parabolic chaotic maps is showcased in a pseudorandom number generator, with its performance evaluated using statistical tests from the NIST SP800-22 test suite.
{"title":"Generalized Parabola Chaotic map for Pseudorandom Random Number Generator","authors":"Nattagit Jiteurtragool","doi":"10.23919/ICACT60172.2024.10471986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ICACT60172.2024.10471986","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a generalized form of chaotic map based on nonlinear function with parabolic shape is introduced. The study involves the investigation of chaotic dynamics in terms of apparent in time-domain, and both qualitatively and quantitatively examination using bifurcation diagram and Lyapunov exponents. Furthermore, the practical application of these parabolic chaotic maps is showcased in a pseudorandom number generator, with its performance evaluated using statistical tests from the NIST SP800-22 test suite.","PeriodicalId":518077,"journal":{"name":"2024 26th International Conference on Advanced Communications Technology (ICACT)","volume":"23 3","pages":"53-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140528128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-04DOI: 10.23919/ICACT60172.2024.10471995
Tagne Poupi Theodore Armand, Subrata Bhattacharjee, Hee-Cheol Kim
The outcome of cancer patients mostly depends on the diagnosis process and the treatment strategies. Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) methods have demonstrated the potential to handle accurate diagnostics using artificial intelligence techniques such as machine learning and deep learning. The nature of the data used in training the AI-based model determined the paradigm, often classified as supervised and unsupervised learning for scenarios with labeled and unlabeled data, respectively. Due to the cost of time and resources, most datasets are nowadays partially labeled and used for training. The weakly supervised learning approach enables the AI models to be trained with incompletely labeled, noisy, or imbalanced data. In recent years, multiple instance learning (MIL) has emerged as a promising weakly supervised learning approach in many fields, including cancer diagnosis. Unlike traditional supervised learning methods, MIL allows the classification of groups of instances, known as bags, where only the bag's label is available. This comprehensive review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the applications of MIL in cancer diagnostic tasks, highlighting its advantages, challenges, and future directions. By examining these advantages, challenges, and future trends, the review aims to contribute to advancing MIL as a powerful tool in improving cancer diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes.
癌症患者的预后主要取决于诊断过程和治疗策略。计算机辅助诊断（CAD）方法已经证明了利用机器学习和深度学习等人工智能技术进行精确诊断的潜力。用于训练基于人工智能的模型的数据性质决定了模型的范式，通常分为有监督学习和无监督学习，分别用于有标记数据和无标记数据的场景。由于时间和资源成本的原因，如今大多数数据集都是部分标记并用于训练。弱监督学习方法能让人工智能模型在标注数据不完整、有噪声或不平衡的情况下得到训练。近年来，多实例学习（MIL）作为一种有前途的弱监督学习方法在癌症诊断等许多领域崭露头角。与传统的监督学习方法不同，MIL 允许对一组实例（称为袋）进行分类，而只有袋的标签可用。本综述旨在深入分析 MIL 在癌症诊断任务中的应用，突出其优势、挑战和未来发展方向。通过研究这些优势、挑战和未来趋势，综述旨在推动 MIL 成为提高癌症诊断准确性和患者预后的有力工具。
{"title":"Overview of the Potentials of Multiple Instance Learning in Cancer Diagnosis: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions","authors":"Tagne Poupi Theodore Armand, Subrata Bhattacharjee, Hee-Cheol Kim","doi":"10.23919/ICACT60172.2024.10471995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ICACT60172.2024.10471995","url":null,"abstract":"The outcome of cancer patients mostly depends on the diagnosis process and the treatment strategies. Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) methods have demonstrated the potential to handle accurate diagnostics using artificial intelligence techniques such as machine learning and deep learning. The nature of the data used in training the AI-based model determined the paradigm, often classified as supervised and unsupervised learning for scenarios with labeled and unlabeled data, respectively. Due to the cost of time and resources, most datasets are nowadays partially labeled and used for training. The weakly supervised learning approach enables the AI models to be trained with incompletely labeled, noisy, or imbalanced data. In recent years, multiple instance learning (MIL) has emerged as a promising weakly supervised learning approach in many fields, including cancer diagnosis. Unlike traditional supervised learning methods, MIL allows the classification of groups of instances, known as bags, where only the bag's label is available. This comprehensive review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the applications of MIL in cancer diagnostic tasks, highlighting its advantages, challenges, and future directions. By examining these advantages, challenges, and future trends, the review aims to contribute to advancing MIL as a powerful tool in improving cancer diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":518077,"journal":{"name":"2024 26th International Conference on Advanced Communications Technology (ICACT)","volume":"64 ","pages":"419-425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140528314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-04DOI: 10.23919/icact60172.2024.10471984
Suya Li, Ying Cao, Xin Xie
Multi-object tracking (MOT) is garnering more attention due to its widespread application in the area of autonomous driving, human-computer interaction, and intelligent video surveillance. Especially in recent years, MOT has rapidly developed thanks to related technologies such as object detection, which has helped in handling interfering factors such as crowded scene occlusion, small objects, and similar appearances. Among these, Detection-based MOT is the mainstream for accurately forming objects' trajectories. Therefore, according to the analysis of the last three years' research, this paper particularly focuses on discussing the continuous optimization strategies of MOT around the development of object detection at each stage. In addition, this article also introduces the commonly used benchmark datasets and related applications of MOT.
多目标跟踪（MOT）因其在自动驾驶、人机交互和智能视频监控领域的广泛应用而受到越来越多的关注。特别是近年来，由于物体检测等相关技术的出现，多目标跟踪技术得到了快速发展，这有助于处理拥挤场景遮挡、小物体和类似外观等干扰因素。其中，基于检测的 MOT 是准确形成物体轨迹的主流技术。因此，根据对近三年研究的分析，本文特别着重讨论了 MOT 在各个阶段围绕物体检测发展的持续优化策略。此外，本文还介绍了常用的基准数据集和 MOT 的相关应用。
{"title":"A Review of Detection-Related Multiple Object Tracking in Recent Times","authors":"Suya Li, Ying Cao, Xin Xie","doi":"10.23919/icact60172.2024.10471984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/icact60172.2024.10471984","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-object tracking (MOT) is garnering more attention due to its widespread application in the area of autonomous driving, human-computer interaction, and intelligent video surveillance. Especially in recent years, MOT has rapidly developed thanks to related technologies such as object detection, which has helped in handling interfering factors such as crowded scene occlusion, small objects, and similar appearances. Among these, Detection-based MOT is the mainstream for accurately forming objects' trajectories. Therefore, according to the analysis of the last three years' research, this paper particularly focuses on discussing the continuous optimization strategies of MOT around the development of object detection at each stage. In addition, this article also introduces the commonly used benchmark datasets and related applications of MOT.","PeriodicalId":518077,"journal":{"name":"2024 26th International Conference on Advanced Communications Technology (ICACT)","volume":"100 ","pages":"122-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140528307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-04DOI: 10.23919/ICACT60172.2024.10471927
J. Llovido, Michael Angelo D. Brogada, Lany L. Maceda, Mideth B. Abisado
Software systems need a proper evaluation to avoid errors and problems. This research aims to showcase an evaluation method to test an integrated mobile and web application for gathering valuable feedback from Filipinos nationwide. This application, named “BOSESKO: Building on Opinions and Sentiments for Sustainability and Knowledge Opportunities” - a multilingual, inclusive, deliberative, synoptic, digital participatory toolkit, is intended to act as a central hub to solicit insights on both existing and upcoming policies in the Philippines. AppTest pertains to a comprehensive evaluation of the BosesKo software system. This research hopes to identify the strengths and weaknesses of BOSESKO and improve it, which would serve as a tool to potentially enhance civic engagement in the country by actively involving the general public in policy-making. This study employed a mixed-method approach that seamlessly integrates manual and automated testing techniques. The assessment of BOSESKO is aligned with the ISO 25010 standard, focusing on evaluating usability and performance efficiency. To delve into the usability of BOSESKO, a usability survey was administered to gauge user perspectives on (a) learnability, (b) appropriateness, (c) recognizability, (d) operability, (e) error protection, (f) user interface aesthetics, and (g) accessibility. Additionally, in-depth performance evaluations were conducted using various automated tools, including WebPageTest, PageSpeed Insight, Google Lighthouse, Yellow Lab, and Pingdom. This combination of manual and computerized methodologies provided a robust and thorough analysis of BOSESKO and, in turn, offered valuable insights into the functionality and efficiency of the developed system. As of the time of this writing, about 10,500 users across the Philippines have already engaged with BOSESKO. Initial assessment results of BOSESKO revealed an acceptable user rating with an average weighted mean of 4.36 in terms of usability. Meanwhile, the applied automated tests yielded positive performance scores of 89% and 76% for the web and mobile platforms. However, the evaluation results suggest image and search engine optimization. Overall, these results underscore the robust foundation established by BOSESKO, indicating its considerable potential and strong starting point.
{"title":"AppTest: Assessing the Usability and Performance Efficiency of BOSESKO for Digital Participation","authors":"J. Llovido, Michael Angelo D. Brogada, Lany L. Maceda, Mideth B. Abisado","doi":"10.23919/ICACT60172.2024.10471927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ICACT60172.2024.10471927","url":null,"abstract":"Software systems need a proper evaluation to avoid errors and problems. This research aims to showcase an evaluation method to test an integrated mobile and web application for gathering valuable feedback from Filipinos nationwide. This application, named “BOSESKO: Building on Opinions and Sentiments for Sustainability and Knowledge Opportunities” - a multilingual, inclusive, deliberative, synoptic, digital participatory toolkit, is intended to act as a central hub to solicit insights on both existing and upcoming policies in the Philippines. AppTest pertains to a comprehensive evaluation of the BosesKo software system. This research hopes to identify the strengths and weaknesses of BOSESKO and improve it, which would serve as a tool to potentially enhance civic engagement in the country by actively involving the general public in policy-making. This study employed a mixed-method approach that seamlessly integrates manual and automated testing techniques. The assessment of BOSESKO is aligned with the ISO 25010 standard, focusing on evaluating usability and performance efficiency. To delve into the usability of BOSESKO, a usability survey was administered to gauge user perspectives on (a) learnability, (b) appropriateness, (c) recognizability, (d) operability, (e) error protection, (f) user interface aesthetics, and (g) accessibility. Additionally, in-depth performance evaluations were conducted using various automated tools, including WebPageTest, PageSpeed Insight, Google Lighthouse, Yellow Lab, and Pingdom. This combination of manual and computerized methodologies provided a robust and thorough analysis of BOSESKO and, in turn, offered valuable insights into the functionality and efficiency of the developed system. As of the time of this writing, about 10,500 users across the Philippines have already engaged with BOSESKO. Initial assessment results of BOSESKO revealed an acceptable user rating with an average weighted mean of 4.36 in terms of usability. Meanwhile, the applied automated tests yielded positive performance scores of 89% and 76% for the web and mobile platforms. However, the evaluation results suggest image and search engine optimization. Overall, these results underscore the robust foundation established by BOSESKO, indicating its considerable potential and strong starting point.","PeriodicalId":518077,"journal":{"name":"2024 26th International Conference on Advanced Communications Technology (ICACT)","volume":"18 9","pages":"241-247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140528273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-04DOI: 10.23919/ICACT60172.2024.10471921
Tin-Yu Wu, Yi-Kai Chen, F. Tey
Underwater communication was chiefly employed in military affairs and underwater exploration in the early days. In recent years, thanks to the progressive advancement of communication networks, many protocols have already been developed for underwater communication. However, due to technological factors, underwater communication is still looking for a seamless link to terrestrial communication. This paper proposes a novel frame format to improve the frame head of underwater communication, and presents a corresponding operation process of underwater nodes with the hope that the data link layer of the OSI 7-layer model provides the Media Access Control (MAC) protocol to the corresponding underwater network. This proposed method can be provided as a standard solution to create a seamless connection between underwater and terrestrial communication.
水下通信早期主要用于军事事务和水下勘探。近年来，由于通信网络的不断进步，已经开发出许多用于水下通信的协议。然而，由于技术因素，水下通信仍在寻求与地面通信的无缝连接。本文提出了一种新颖的帧格式来改进水下通信的帧头，并提出了相应的水下节点操作流程，希望 OSI 7 层模型的数据链路层为相应的水下网络提供媒体访问控制（MAC）协议。所提出的方法可作为标准解决方案，在水下和地面通信之间建立无缝连接。
{"title":"The Seamless Connection Between Underwater and Terrestrial Communication for 6G","authors":"Tin-Yu Wu, Yi-Kai Chen, F. Tey","doi":"10.23919/ICACT60172.2024.10471921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ICACT60172.2024.10471921","url":null,"abstract":"Underwater communication was chiefly employed in military affairs and underwater exploration in the early days. In recent years, thanks to the progressive advancement of communication networks, many protocols have already been developed for underwater communication. However, due to technological factors, underwater communication is still looking for a seamless link to terrestrial communication. This paper proposes a novel frame format to improve the frame head of underwater communication, and presents a corresponding operation process of underwater nodes with the hope that the data link layer of the OSI 7-layer model provides the Media Access Control (MAC) protocol to the corresponding underwater network. This proposed method can be provided as a standard solution to create a seamless connection between underwater and terrestrial communication.","PeriodicalId":518077,"journal":{"name":"2024 26th International Conference on Advanced Communications Technology (ICACT)","volume":"18 6","pages":"19-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140528274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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