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Baltic democracies: re-configuring media environments and civic agency 波罗的海民主国家:重新配置媒体环境和公民机构
IF 0.4 4区 社会学 Q2 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/01629778.2022.2117833
Auksė Balčytienė, Kristina Juraitė
ABSTRACT Though journalism remains relevant in many European democracies, it is not the dominant source of news for many groups of people. Newly arising dynamic mediated communication ecosystems run on user engagement and information choices, which require informed agency. Training of such a capability is assumed on the side of professional journalism. In the small Baltic nations, however, market-driven problems act as a permanent risk factor against both the democratic functioning of media and engaging the citizenry. The Baltic publics experience the deficiency of public arenas for their exercises in trust and confidence, and exposures of feelings of social solidarity.
摘要尽管新闻业在许多欧洲民主国家仍然具有重要意义,但它并不是许多群体的主要新闻来源。新兴的动态中介通信生态系统依赖于用户参与和信息选择,这需要知情的机构。这种能力的培训是在专业新闻方面进行的。然而,在波罗的海小国,市场驱动的问题是阻碍媒体民主运作和公民参与的永久风险因素。波罗的海公众在公共场合缺乏信任和信心,缺乏社会团结感。
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引用次数: 0
Discovering the regional innovation potential for Smart Specialization: the case of the two Baltic Sea Regions 发现智能专业化的区域创新潜力——以波罗的海两个地区为例
IF 0.4 4区 社会学 Q2 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-08-17 DOI: 10.1080/01629778.2022.2109698
Živilė Gedminaitė-Raudonė, Rita Lankauskien​ė, S. Virkkala, Å. Mariussen, Antti Mäenpää
ABSTRACT The EU Commission launched an innovation strategy called Smart Specialization in 2012. Smart Specialization is a framework for developing policies unleashing place-based economic potential. Evaluations, however, have shown that appropriate innovation policy decisions are difficult. There is an innovation policy potential that must first be unleashed. This article shows how the application of a method – connectivity analysis – developed through a Baltic Sea Region project ‘LARS – Learning Among Regions on Smart Specialization,’ can be used to support Smart Specialization. The method includes transnational comparisons and targeted policy recommendations for public sector institutions operating within various institutional frameworks and different clusters. It consists of instruments (gaps and factors) measuring collaboration through interviews of 141 quadruple-helix stakeholders across eight Baltic Sea regions.
摘要欧盟委员会于2012年启动了一项名为“智能专业化”的创新战略。智能专业化是一个开发政策的框架,释放基于地方的经济潜力。然而,评估表明,很难做出适当的创新政策决定。必须首先释放创新政策的潜力。本文展示了通过波罗的海地区项目“LARS——智能专业化区域间学习”开发的方法——连通性分析——的应用如何用于支持智能专业化。该方法包括跨国比较和针对在各种体制框架和不同集群内运作的公共部门机构的有针对性的政策建议。它由衡量合作的工具(差距和因素)组成,通过采访波罗的海八个地区的141个四螺旋利益相关者。
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引用次数: 1
Resilience of national media systems: Baltic media in the global network environment 国家媒体系统的弹性:全球网络环境下的波罗的海媒体
IF 0.4 4区 社会学 Q2 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-07-26 DOI: 10.1080/01629778.2022.2103162
Ragne Kõuts-Klemm, Anda Rožukalne, Deimantas Jastramskis
ABSTRACT This article aims to analyze the resilience of Baltic media systems in the global network environment. Resilience is here defined as media systems’ ability to survive despite the efflux of resources and loss of audiences’ attention and trust, and as the capacity to support a reliable, transparent, and diverse information sphere for the functioning of democracy. Using media market data from Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, the changes in the media during the last three decades will be analyzed. The analysis concludes that the implementation of media policy currently does not guarantee the resilience of small countries’ media systems.
摘要本文旨在分析波罗的海媒体系统在全球网络环境中的弹性。弹性在这里被定义为媒体系统在资源流失、观众注意力和信任丧失的情况下生存的能力,以及支持民主运作的可靠、透明和多样化信息领域的能力。利用爱沙尼亚、拉脱维亚和立陶宛的媒体市场数据,将分析过去三十年媒体的变化。分析得出的结论是,目前媒体政策的实施并不能保证小国媒体系统的弹性。
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引用次数: 0
Discrimination or explained differences? Individual and school-level effects explaining the minority achievement gap 歧视还是解释差异?解释少数民族成绩差距的个人和学校层面的影响
IF 0.4 4区 社会学 Q2 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-07-20 DOI: 10.1080/01629778.2022.2103579
Triin Lauri, Kaire Põder, Nikolai Kunitsõn
ABSTRACT This study is motivated by the distinctive outcome of the minority achievement gap in Estonia and Latvia, countries with similar legacies and socio-economic development. We have four sub-groups of schools involving pairs of instructing languages: Estonian and Russian in Estonia, and Latvian and Russian in Latvia. All four are above average performers according to international comparisons. Still, our data show that a remarkable achievement gap between majority and minority students exists only in Estonia. We employ the Oaxaca–Blinder twofold decomposition technique to explore the factors behind the minority achievement gap (MAG). We are able to explain almost half of the gap in Estonia by peer effects and the larger concentration of immigrants in minority schools. In Latvia, on the contrary, the average peer effect is positive in minority schools. Still, regarding the essence of the unexplained gap, our results remain inconclusive.
本研究的动机是爱沙尼亚和拉脱维亚的少数民族成就差距的独特结果,这两个国家具有相似的遗产和社会经济发展。我们的学校有四个小组,使用成对的教学语言:爱沙尼亚的爱沙尼亚语和俄语,拉脱维亚的拉脱维亚语和俄语。根据国际比较,这四所大学的表现都高于平均水平。然而,我们的数据显示,只有在爱沙尼亚,多数族裔学生和少数族裔学生之间存在着显著的成绩差距。本研究采用Oaxaca-Blinder双重分解技术来探讨少数民族成就差距(MAG)背后的因素。我们可以用同伴效应和移民在少数民族学校的高度集中来解释爱沙尼亚几乎一半的差距。相反,在拉脱维亚,少数民族学校的平均同伴效应是积极的。然而,关于无法解释的差距的本质,我们的结果仍然没有定论。
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引用次数: 3
How Estonian village structures have evolved: a study into the morphological form of the villages of Paduvere and Vaimastvere from the 1700s to the present day 爱沙尼亚村庄结构是如何演变的:对18世纪至今帕杜维雷和瓦伊斯特维尔村庄形态的研究
IF 0.4 4区 社会学 Q2 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-07-17 DOI: 10.1080/01629778.2022.2100432
Minea Kaplinski-Sauk, N. Nutt, Zenia Kotval
ABSTRACT The following article focuses on the morphological development of Estonian village structures during the last several hundred years using a comparative qualitative map analysis based on historical maps and plans. The results show that the different stages in the genesis of Estonian village structures can be described by distinct characteristics that are still distinguishable in modern landscapes. Understanding how these forms have changed throughout history has the potential to guide future spatial planning decisions in the Estonian countryside.
以下文章重点介绍了过去几百年来爱沙尼亚村庄结构的形态发展,采用了基于历史地图和规划的比较定性地图分析。结果表明,爱沙尼亚村庄结构形成的不同阶段可以用鲜明的特征来描述,这些特征在现代景观中仍然可以区分。了解这些形式在历史上是如何变化的,有可能指导爱沙尼亚农村未来的空间规划决策。
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引用次数: 0
Small Baltic states and the Euro-Atlantic security community 波罗的海小国和欧洲-大西洋安全共同体
IF 0.4 4区 社会学 Q2 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/01629778.2022.2097790
L. Johannsen
tives of Brussels’ eastern neighbors and the progressive decline of the Eastern Partnership as an effective multilateral framework. Overall, when navigating through the different chapters and sections of the handbook, the need for a more harmonized structure emerges, as it could well balance the richness and diversity of the various contributions. In general, I feel that the Routledge Handbook of EU–Russia Relations succeeds in its stated ambition to ‘offer a comprehensive overview of the changing dynamics in relations between the EU and Russia’ (iii), despite the necessary caveats and imperfect match with a fast-changing geopolitical reality. The volume is highly recommended – and is possibly a necessary complement for scholars, students, researchers, policymakers, and journalists. Overall, Romanova and Maxine and the contributing authors succeed in developing a rich, diverse, and well-crafted guide to EU–Russia relations that avoids the risks of oversimplification or redundancy.
布鲁塞尔东部邻国的积极性以及作为有效多边框架的东部伙伴关系的逐渐衰落。总的来说,在浏览手册的不同章节时,需要一个更加协调的结构,因为它可以很好地平衡各种贡献的丰富性和多样性。总的来说,我认为《劳特利奇欧盟与俄罗斯关系手册》成功地实现了其既定目标,即“全面概述欧盟与俄罗斯之间不断变化的关系动态”(iii),尽管存在必要的警告,并且与快速变化的地缘政治现实不完全匹配。强烈推荐这本书,它可能是学者、学生、研究人员、政策制定者和记者的必要补充。总的来说,Romanova和Maxine及其贡献作者成功地制定了一份丰富、多样、精心编制的欧盟与俄罗斯关系指南,避免了过于简单化或冗余的风险。
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引用次数: 0
The glass wall: lives on the Baltic frontier 玻璃墙:住在波罗的海边境
IF 0.4 4区 社会学 Q2 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/01629778.2022.2097792
B. McKenzie
present Baltic Sea subsystem; nevertheless, scholars of Nordic security will be interested in this glance at the opposite shore of the Baltic Sea. No matter how you choose to organize a volume, there will always be both drawbacks and advantages. In this case, the choice to organize the analysis into chapters that mix event history with the historical development of each of the main actors’ perspectives and interests results in some repetition and, at times, a confusing script. This organization, however, allows for the chapters to be read selectively if one is only interested in a certain aspect, rather than the analysis as a whole. Moreover, the book is not always a good read. Some sections flow freely, but in others, sentences are too short and finish abruptly. A second proofread would have been needed. The book may be recommended as a basis for understanding the development of the Euro-Atlantic security community. At present, this is going through yet another change with the Russian–Ukrainian war and the likely entrance of Sweden and Finland into NATO. Since both Sweden and Finland, as small states, are part of the Baltic Sea security subregion, this is likely to have an impact on the Baltic states. Scholars of international relations will take an interest in the implicit theoretical framework that can be extended to the relationship between Ukraine and Russia before the outbreak of the war. Scholars of Baltic studies will also take an interest in the book for the perspective on Baltic vulnerabilities, and for those with political inclinations, the book offers interesting policy suggestions likely to be debated.
目前的波罗的海分系统;然而,研究北欧安全的学者们会对波罗的海对岸的这一景象感兴趣。无论您选择如何组织卷,总有缺点和优点。在这种情况下,选择将分析组织成章节,将事件历史与每个主要参与者的观点和兴趣的历史发展混合在一起,会导致一些重复,有时会导致脚本混乱。然而,如果一个人只对某一方面感兴趣,而不是对整个分析感兴趣,这种组织允许有选择地阅读章节。此外,这本书并不总是一本好书。有些部分流畅流畅,但在其他部分,句子太短,戛然而止。需要进行第二次校对。这本书可能被推荐为了解欧洲-大西洋安全共同体发展的基础。目前,随着俄罗斯与乌克兰的战争以及瑞典和芬兰可能加入北约,这种情况正在经历另一次变化。由于瑞典和芬兰都是小国,都是波罗的海安全次区域的一部分,这可能会对波罗的海国家产生影响。国际关系学者将对可以扩展到战争爆发前乌克兰与俄罗斯关系的隐含理论框架感兴趣。波罗的海研究的学者也会对这本书感兴趣,因为它对波罗的海脆弱性的看法,对于那些有政治倾向的人来说,这本书提供了可能被辩论的有趣的政策建议。
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引用次数: 0
Nuclear waste management in Lithuania and Sweden: responses to contingent historical and political circumstances 立陶宛和瑞典的核废料管理:对突发历史和政治情况的反应
IF 0.4 4区 社会学 Q2 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/01629778.2022.2096655
A. Stsiapanau
ABSTRACT The Baltic Sea region is the site of a considerable number of nuclear power stations. Although predominantly operational, several have been decommissioned and new ones are in the planning stage. The volume of nuclear waste in the region continues to increase, while the development of national nuclear waste programs differs in each country. This article investigates national framings of nuclear waste issues in Lithuania and Sweden in order to understand their articulation in response to particular historical and political circumstances. Following the technopolitical framework, this article engages with the argument that nuclear industry developments create both incentives and constraints for nuclear waste programs that foster various forms of legacies; historical, technological, or political. Firstly, this article sets out the relation between the nuclear industry and nuclear waste issues in each country. Secondly, it reveals how decommissioning policies in both countries streamed nuclear waste programs developed in dissimilar sociopolitical contexts. The final section presents empirical details about constraints and incentives that become visible through analysis of the impact of nuclear policy legacies and continuities on waste regimes, including regulatory, licensing and participation practices, research programs, and technology innovation.
摘要波罗的海地区拥有大量的核电站。尽管主要在运营,但有几艘已经退役,新的还在规划阶段。该地区的核废料数量继续增加,而各国的国家核废料计划发展情况各不相同。本文调查了立陶宛和瑞典核废料问题的国家框架,以了解它们在特定历史和政治环境下的表述。根据技术政治框架,本文提出了这样的论点:核工业的发展为核废料计划创造了激励和约束,从而促进了各种形式的遗产;历史的、技术的或政治的。本文首先阐述了各国核工业与核废料问题之间的关系。其次,它揭示了两国的退役政策是如何在不同的社会政治背景下发展核废料项目的。最后一节介绍了通过分析核政策遗产和持续性对废物制度的影响,包括监管、许可和参与实践、研究计划和技术创新,可以看到的约束和激励的实证细节。
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引用次数: 1
List of books received and recent publications 收到的书籍和最近出版的出版物清单
IF 0.4 4区 社会学 Q2 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/01629778.2022.2097793
Aivars Karlovs, J. Paleckis, istorijos dramoje, A. Toots
Aivars Karlovs: nepakļaušanās un uzbūves spēks tēlniecībā, by Ruta Čaupova, Riga, Neputns, 2022, 128 pp., €25.00, ISBN 978-9934-601-37-8 Ameerika sajand: USA ja Eesti suhete sada aastat, edited by Kaarel Piirimäe and Mart Kuldkepp, Tartu, Tartu Ülikooli Kirjastus, 2022, 312 pp., €19.00, ISBN 978-9949-03900-5 Antanas Smetona ir Justas Paleckis istorijos dramoje: prezidento vairuotojo užrašai, by Alfonsas Eidintas, Vilnius, Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos centras, 2022, 632 pp., €34.00, ISBN 978-5-420-01847-7 Aspazija. Rainis. Nams, by Gaida Jablovska, Riga, Madris, 2022, 264 pp., €16.00, ISBN 978-9984-31-221-7 Balancing between national unity and “multiculturalism”: national minorities in Lithuania and Finland 1918–1939, by Kari Alenius and Saulius Kaubrys, Leiden, Brill, 2022, 264 pp., €92.00, ISBN 978-3-506-79278-5 (hbk), 978-3-657-79278-8 (ebook) Defining Latvia: recent explorations in history, culture, and politics, edited by Michael Loader, Siobhán Hearne, and Matthew Kott, Budapest: Central European University Press, 2022, 270 pp., €71.00, ISBN 978-963-386-445-6 Eesti ajalugu: kronoloogia, by Ain Mäesalu et al., Tallinn, Tänapäev, 2021, 531 pp., €30.00, ISBN 978-9916-17-166-0 Eesti kalaluule antoloogia, edited by Vladislav Koržets, Tallinn, Sõnavald, 2021, 728 pp., €40.00, ISBN 978-9949-9843-5-0 Eesti ohvitser Saksamaal ja Ungaris 1936–1940: Eesti ohvitser Euroopas, edited by Merike Jürjo, Tallinn, Nornberg, 2022, 176 pp., €23.00, ISBN 978-9916-9782-0-7 Euroopa Liidu mõjuka välispoliitika võimalikkusest, by Urmas Paet, Tallinn, Varrak, 2021, 288 pp., €27.00, ISBN 978-9985-3-5339-4 Finno-ugorskii martirolog zhertv gosudarstvennogo terrora v SSSR, Vol 7: Ėstontsy, Pt. 2: N–Ya, edited by Nikolai Antonov, Tallinn, Eesti Mälu Instituut, 2021, 467 pp., €22.00, ISBN 978-9949-9-6875-6 Holokaustas Lietuvos provincijoje 1941 metais, by Arūnas Bubnys, Vilnius, Margi raštai, 2021, 624 pp., €14.00, ISBN 978-9986-09-516-3 Jehudit: pasaulis galėtų būti toks gražus, by Aneta Anra, Vilnius, Odilė, 2021, 240 pp., €9.00, ISBN 978-609-8222-37-1 Kirjandus ja alkeemia, by Paavo Matsin, Viljandi, Lepp ja Nagel, 2021, 152 pp., €16.00, ISBN 978-9916-9719-0-1 Kultūra čia ir dabar: penkios esė, by Arūnas Sverdiolas, Vilnius, Lietuvos kultūros tyrimų institutas, 2021, 192 pp., €10.00, ISBN 978-609-8231-29-8 Latvian Displaced Persons in WWII Germany, by Gunars Fricsons, Riga, Vesta LK, 2022, 176 pp., €27.00, ISBN 978-9934-511-94-3 Latvijas kultūras vesture, edited by Ojārs Spārītis, Riga, Jumava, 2021, 752 pp., €53.00, ISBN 978-9934-20-479-1 JOURNAL OF BALTIC STUDIES 2022, VOL. 53, NO. 3, 491–493 https://doi.org/10.1080/01629778.2022.2097793
Aid Karlovs:idol failure and construction force by RutaČaupova,里加,Neputn,2022,128页,25.00欧元,ISBN 978-9934-601-37-8 Ameerika sajand:美国如果Eesti suhete现在很高,由Kaarel Piirimäe和Mart Kuldkepp编辑,Tartu,TartuÜlikoli Kirjastus,2022,312页,19.00欧元,ISBN 978-9949-03900-5 Antanas Smetona是戏剧史上的Justas Paleckis:vairuotojo užrašai的总统,作者:Alfonsas Eidintas,维尔纽斯,Mokslo ir enciklopedij leidybos centras,2022,632页,34.00欧元,ISBN 978-5-420-01847-7 Aspazija。Rainis。Nams,Gaida Jablovska著,里加,马德里斯,2022,264页,16.00欧元,ISBN 978-9984-31-221-7《民族团结与“多元文化主义”之间的平衡:1918–1939年立陶宛和芬兰的少数民族》,Kari Alenius和Saulius Kaubrys著,莱顿,布里尔,2022,26492.00欧元,ISBN978-3-506-79278-5(hbk),978-3-657-79278-8(电子书)定义拉脱维亚:历史、文化、,《政治》,Michael Loader、Siobhán Hearne和Matthew Kott编辑,布达佩斯:中欧大学出版社,2022年,270页,71.00欧元,ISBN 978-963-386-445-6《Eesti ajalugu:kronologia》,Ain Mäesalu等人著,塔林,Tänapäev,2021,531页,30.00欧元,ISBN978-9916-17-166-0《Eesti-kalalule antoloogia》,Vladislav Korž等人主编,塔林市,sõnavald,2021,728页,40.00欧元,ISBN 978-9949-9843-5-0《Eesti ohvitser Saksamaal ja Hungary 1936–1940:Eesti ohvitser Euroopas》,Merike Jürjo编辑,塔林,诺恩堡,2022,176页,23.00欧元,ISBN 9789916-9782-0-7《Euroopa Liidu mõjuka välispolitika võimalikkuest》,Urmas Paet著,塔林、瓦拉克,2021,288页,27.00欧元,ISBN 978-9985-3-5339-4《美国国家恐怖腐败马提尼克》,第7卷:1002 stontsy,第2部分:N–Ya,Nikolai Antonov编辑,塔林,Eesti Mälu Instituut,2021,467页,22.00欧元,ISBN 978-9949-9-6875-6 Holokaustas立陶宛省1941 metais,Arúnas Bubnys,维尔纽斯,Margi Rastavai,2021,624页,14.00欧元,ISBN978-9986-09-516-3 Jehudit:world galït将是谷物的象征,Aneta Anra,维尔纽s,Odilï,2021,240页,9.00欧元,ISBN 978-609-8222-37-1 Kirjandus ja alkiemia,作者Paavo Matsin,Viljandi,Lepp ja Nagel,2021,152页,16.00欧元,ISBN 978-9916-9719-0-1 Kultúračia ir dabar:penkios esï,作者Arúnas Sverdiolas,Vilnius,立陶宛Kultúros tyrim institutas,2021,192页,10.00欧元,ISBN978-609-8231-29-8二战中的拉脱维亚流离失所者,作者Gunars Fricsons,里加,维斯塔LK,2022,176页,27.00欧元,ISBN 978-9934-511-94-3拉脱维亚文化服饰,Ojārs Spārite编辑,里加,朱马瓦,2021,752页,53.00欧元,ISBN 9789934-20-479-1《2022年免疫学研究杂志》,第53卷,第3期,491-493https://doi.org/10.1080/01629778.2022.2097793
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引用次数: 0
The Routledge handbook of EU–Russia relations: structures, actors, issues 劳特利奇欧盟与俄罗斯关系手册:结构、角色、问题
IF 0.4 4区 社会学 Q2 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/01629778.2022.2097789
Stefano Braghiroli
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Baltic Studies
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