Pub Date : 2023-05-05DOI: 10.15576/asp.fc/2023.22.1.3
Szymon Wojak, A. Strużyński, Maciej Wyrębek
Aim of the study: River channels are dynamic structures in which fluvial processes leading to equilibrium state between energy of flowing water and the stability of the bed material. The changes of river morphology is difficult to capture using the monitoring tools, however, physical or numerical modeling can be used instead to reflect these natural processes. Objective of the study is to analyze the variability of hydraulic parameters and their impact on morphological changes using numerical modeling of a regulated section of the Nida River. Material and methods: On the basis of field measurements, numerical model of the river was built. In this section, the channel has been strengthened, which enables the process of its restoration. Numerical modeling was carried out for a range of flows from low to an overbank one. Bankfull discharge was determined using the Riley method. Calculations based of modeled parameters made it possible to analyze their impact on the bed dynamics. Results and conclusions: The numerical modeling resutls (average velocity, shear stresses, and water depth) was used to calculate shear velocity, Reynolds Number, Grain Reynolds Number and settling velocity. The lack of clear trends of changes in individual parameters with increasing flows proves the existence of irregular connections between flowing water and riverbed. Changing discharge in the river affects not only the intensity of fluvial processes, but also their location. The bottom morphology created during low flows is completely changed at the passage of high water, as indicated by measurements and simulations of the examined section of the Nida River.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN HYDRAULIC PARAMETERS IN A LOWLAND RIVER USING NUMERICAL MODELING","authors":"Szymon Wojak, A. Strużyński, Maciej Wyrębek","doi":"10.15576/asp.fc/2023.22.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15576/asp.fc/2023.22.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study: River channels are dynamic structures in which fluvial processes leading to equilibrium state between energy of flowing water and the stability of the bed material. The changes of river morphology is difficult to capture using the monitoring tools, however, physical or numerical modeling can be used instead to reflect these natural processes. Objective of the study is to analyze the variability of hydraulic parameters and their impact on morphological changes using numerical modeling of a regulated section of the Nida River. Material and methods: On the basis of field measurements, numerical model of the river was built. In this section, the channel has been strengthened, which enables the process of its restoration. Numerical modeling was carried out for a range of flows from low to an overbank one. Bankfull discharge was determined using the Riley method. Calculations based of modeled parameters made it possible to analyze their impact on the bed dynamics. Results and conclusions: The numerical modeling resutls (average velocity, shear stresses, and water depth) was used to calculate shear velocity, Reynolds Number, Grain Reynolds Number and settling velocity. The lack of clear trends of changes in individual parameters with increasing flows proves the existence of irregular connections between flowing water and riverbed. Changing discharge in the river affects not only the intensity of fluvial processes, but also their location. The bottom morphology created during low flows is completely changed at the passage of high water, as indicated by measurements and simulations of the examined section of the Nida River.","PeriodicalId":51904,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum-Formatio Circumiectus","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83278822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim of the study: Through this study, the determination of Cu (water; 0.029 mg/l and soil; 4.98 mg/kg) Fe (water; 0.712 mg/l and soil; 2.78 mg/kg), Mn (water; 0.033 mg/l and soil; 2.56 mg/kg), Ni (water; 0.039 mg/l and soil; 2.65 mg/kg), Pb (water; 0.241mg/l and soil; 4.98 mg/kg), Zn (water; 3.564 mg/l and soil; 5.62 mg/kg), As (water; 0.028 mg/l and soil; 0.028 mg/kg), Sb (water; 0.049 mg/l and soil; 0.041 mg/kg) and Cd (water; 0.089 mg/l and soil; 0.098 mg/kg) was made in soil and groundwater samples in the urban district of Prishtina. The sampling was done during august of 2022. The experimental procedure was done by using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, (AA Spectrophotometer- S2 SERIES- AA System- Thermo Electron Corporation). Material and methods: Instrumentation and statistical analyses. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used to measure the concentrations of heavy metals. For each group of analytical samples, two spiked blanks and two method blanks were simultaneously processed. Results and conclusions: The present study was carried with four sampling points of water, and four soil samples in the vicinity of the wells. While physical and chemical qualities provide some insight into water quality, they do not provide a complete picture of water pollution.
{"title":"HEAVY METAL STATUS OF SOIL AND UNDERGROUND WATER IN URBAN AREA OF PRISHTINA DISTRICT, KOSOVO","authors":"Skender Demaku, Donika Sylejmani, Arbnorë Aliu, Blerta Krasniqi, Emirjana Demaj, K. Jusufi","doi":"10.15576/asp.fc/2023.22.1.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15576/asp.fc/2023.22.1.79","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study: Through this study, the determination of Cu (water; 0.029 mg/l and soil; 4.98 mg/kg) Fe (water; 0.712 mg/l and soil; 2.78 mg/kg), Mn (water; 0.033 mg/l and soil; 2.56 mg/kg), Ni (water; 0.039 mg/l and soil; 2.65 mg/kg), Pb (water; 0.241mg/l and soil; 4.98 mg/kg), Zn (water; 3.564 mg/l and soil; 5.62 mg/kg), As (water; 0.028 mg/l and soil; 0.028 mg/kg), Sb (water; 0.049 mg/l and soil; 0.041 mg/kg) and Cd (water; 0.089 mg/l and soil; 0.098 mg/kg) was made in soil and groundwater samples in the urban district of Prishtina. The sampling was done during august of 2022. The experimental procedure was done by using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, (AA Spectrophotometer- S2 SERIES- AA System- Thermo Electron Corporation). Material and methods: Instrumentation and statistical analyses. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used to measure the concentrations of heavy metals. For each group of analytical samples, two spiked blanks and two method blanks were simultaneously processed. Results and conclusions: The present study was carried with four sampling points of water, and four soil samples in the vicinity of the wells. While physical and chemical qualities provide some insight into water quality, they do not provide a complete picture of water pollution.","PeriodicalId":51904,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum-Formatio Circumiectus","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76473789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-05DOI: 10.15576/asp.fc/2023.22.1.19
A. Nowobilska-Luberda
Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of land development on the chemistry of groundwater. Material and methods: The scope of the study was to analyse the variation in chloride content and the magnitude of electrolytic conductivity over the years 2004-2017 for separate groups of wells in the city of Nowy Targ.Due to the significantly different usage of the land within which the groundwater intakes are located, a grouping of the groundwater intakes was introduced taking this factor into account. Physico-chemical analyses of the samples taken were carried out and archival data was already used.Non-parametric statistical tests such as the Kruskal-Wallis test and the median test were carried out to find statistically significant differences between chloride content and electrolytic conductivity magnitude between the selected groups of intakes. Results and conclusions: The results of the study showed that groundwater chemistry in the analysed wells depends on both natural factors and the nature of land use and the degree of urbanisation. The analyses concluded that land development has a dominant influence on water quality. The Orava-Nowy Targ Basin is a region where groundwater is characterised by a high susceptibility to contamination, and this susceptibility is due to hydrogeological conditions. The results of the tests showed statistically significant differences in chloride content and electrolytic conductivity values between the analysed groups of intakes. The lowest values of the analysed variables, were observed for intakes located in undeveloped areas, far from sources of anthropogenic pressure.
{"title":"FORMATION OF GROUNDWATER CHEMISTRY IN THE NOWY TARG AREA IN RELATION TO LAND USE","authors":"A. Nowobilska-Luberda","doi":"10.15576/asp.fc/2023.22.1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15576/asp.fc/2023.22.1.19","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of land development on the chemistry of groundwater. Material and methods: The scope of the study was to analyse the variation in chloride content and the magnitude of electrolytic conductivity over the years 2004-2017 for separate groups of wells in the city of Nowy Targ.Due to the significantly different usage of the land within which the groundwater intakes are located, a grouping of the groundwater intakes was introduced taking this factor into account. Physico-chemical analyses of the samples taken were carried out and archival data was already used.Non-parametric statistical tests such as the Kruskal-Wallis test and the median test were carried out to find statistically significant differences between chloride content and electrolytic conductivity magnitude between the selected groups of intakes. Results and conclusions: The results of the study showed that groundwater chemistry in the analysed wells depends on both natural factors and the nature of land use and the degree of urbanisation. The analyses concluded that land development has a dominant influence on water quality. The Orava-Nowy Targ Basin is a region where groundwater is characterised by a high susceptibility to contamination, and this susceptibility is due to hydrogeological conditions. The results of the tests showed statistically significant differences in chloride content and electrolytic conductivity values between the analysed groups of intakes. The lowest values of the analysed variables, were observed for intakes located in undeveloped areas, far from sources of anthropogenic pressure.","PeriodicalId":51904,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum-Formatio Circumiectus","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86258021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-08DOI: 10.15576/asp.fc/2022.21.3/4.17
Szymon Łukasiewicz
Aim of the study: In the years 1995–1999, at 21 sites within the broadly understood center of Poznań, research on the development of chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum L. was carried out. As part of this research, selected environmental factors were analysed. The aim was to become familiar with the conditions of tree development in the urban and industrial agglomeration of Poznań. Material and methods: Knowledge of tree development limiting factors in urban conditions allows to take actions that will eliminate them or limit their negative impact on the development of trees, including their biometric parameters. The implementation of such actions will neutralise or compensate for undesirable processes in the urban environment. As a consequence, it will allow for unlimited environment-generating functions by trees such as: CO2 assimilation, oxygen release, water vapour transpiration, dust retention, phytoncide production or noise suppression. Results and conclusions: Research on the development of 35 chestnut trees at 21 streets included: seasonal periodicity of trees, recording air temperature and humidity, physico-chemical analysis of the substrate, biometric measurements and, at eight sites, selected physiological parameters, such as photosynthesis and transpiration. In total, over 17,000 numerical data about the environment were collected. The graphs in this paper present mainly the relationship between environmental parameters and biometric measurements at a highly significant level in terms of statistics, i.e. for p ≤ 0.01.
{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF URBAN ENVIRONMENT FACTORS ON THE GROWTH OF HORSE CHESTNUT AESCULUS HIPPOCASTANUM L.","authors":"Szymon Łukasiewicz","doi":"10.15576/asp.fc/2022.21.3/4.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15576/asp.fc/2022.21.3/4.17","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study: In the years 1995–1999, at 21 sites within the broadly understood center of Poznań, research on the development of chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum L. was carried out. As part of this research, selected environmental factors were analysed. The aim was to become familiar with the conditions of tree development in the urban and industrial agglomeration of Poznań. Material and methods: Knowledge of tree development limiting factors in urban conditions allows to take actions that will eliminate them or limit their negative impact on the development of trees, including their biometric parameters. The implementation of such actions will neutralise or compensate for undesirable processes in the urban environment. As a consequence, it will allow for unlimited environment-generating functions by trees such as: CO2 assimilation, oxygen release, water vapour transpiration, dust retention, phytoncide production or noise suppression. Results and conclusions: Research on the development of 35 chestnut trees at 21 streets included: seasonal periodicity of trees, recording air temperature and humidity, physico-chemical analysis of the substrate, biometric measurements and, at eight sites, selected physiological parameters, such as photosynthesis and transpiration. In total, over 17,000 numerical data about the environment were collected. The graphs in this paper present mainly the relationship between environmental parameters and biometric measurements at a highly significant level in terms of statistics, i.e. for p ≤ 0.01.","PeriodicalId":51904,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum-Formatio Circumiectus","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88872841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-08DOI: 10.15576/asp.fc/2022.21.3/4.5
Agata Wadowska, Agnieszka Pęska-Siwik, K. Maciuk
Aim of the study: The paper describes the problems of collecting, processing and sharing geospatial data on the example of the National Geodetic and Cartographic Resource (GUGiK). The Central Office of Geodesy and Cartography (GUGiK), on the basis of the acquired data, prepares spatial databases for the whole country, such as the database of topographic objects (BDOT) or the numerical terrain model. These data are used for further studies, environmental analyses such as hydrographic or sozological maps of Poland. Material and methods: The article indicates what functionalities and, above all, what geospatial data are collected in the geoportal, a government map service managed by the General Office of Geodesy and Cartography. The study included a survey of the geoportal. The purpose of the survey was to obtain information on whether this service is known to potential audiences seeking information on spatial data. Results and conclusions: The survey proved that the geoportal is a popular service used to display and process spatial data. Survey respondents use a lot of the data collected in the geoportal and take advantage of its functionality. Finally, an analysis was carried out of data obtained from the District Geodetic and Cartographic Documentation Center of Małopolska regarding the number of notifications of geodetic works, the number of applications for access to materials from the PZGiK, and the number of applications for extracts or extracts from the cadastral record - for the period 2014-2019.
{"title":"PROBLEMS OF COLLECTING, PROCESSING AND SHARING GEOSPATIAL DATA","authors":"Agata Wadowska, Agnieszka Pęska-Siwik, K. Maciuk","doi":"10.15576/asp.fc/2022.21.3/4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15576/asp.fc/2022.21.3/4.5","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study: The paper describes the problems of collecting, processing and sharing geospatial data on the example of the National Geodetic and Cartographic Resource (GUGiK). The Central Office of Geodesy and Cartography (GUGiK), on the basis of the acquired data, prepares spatial databases for the whole country, such as the database of topographic objects (BDOT) or the numerical terrain model. These data are used for further studies, environmental analyses such as hydrographic or sozological maps of Poland. Material and methods: The article indicates what functionalities and, above all, what geospatial data are collected in the geoportal, a government map service managed by the General Office of Geodesy and Cartography. The study included a survey of the geoportal. The purpose of the survey was to obtain information on whether this service is known to potential audiences seeking information on spatial data. Results and conclusions: The survey proved that the geoportal is a popular service used to display and process spatial data. Survey respondents use a lot of the data collected in the geoportal and take advantage of its functionality. Finally, an analysis was carried out of data obtained from the District Geodetic and Cartographic Documentation Center of Małopolska regarding the number of notifications of geodetic works, the number of applications for access to materials from the PZGiK, and the number of applications for extracts or extracts from the cadastral record - for the period 2014-2019.","PeriodicalId":51904,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum-Formatio Circumiectus","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89494781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.15576/asp.fc/2022.21.2.17
A. Gruchot, T. Zydroń, K. Plesiński, E. Zając, Zbyněk Zachoval
Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to determine the range and conditions for the formation of the piping hole and the piping canal found in the Pieniny National Park in May 2019. Material and methods: The scope of the research carried out included the determination of the geotechnical characteristics of subsoil on the slope near the piping hole and along the piping canal. Numerical calculations with the finite element method were also carried out in the GeoStudio program, which allowed to assess the possibilities of soil deformation caused by the seepage forces. Results and conclusions: The results of the research and the analysis of the literature showed that the piping processes in the Polish Carpathians are a common phenomenon that plays a sculptural role. The observed piping form indicates that on the slope is a continuous, several dozen meters long, piping channel formed in medium-cohesive, clay-dusty soils. It should be expected that during periods of prolonged or intense rainfall such phenomena will intensify. The calculation results did not confirm the occurrence of conditions favoring the formation of hydraulic deformations. However, during the increased filtration flow, high values of the hydraulic gradient in the soil are generated, which, in the case of high porosity of the soil, favors the removal of soil particles. The occurring process of piping on the slope in question is favored by the presence of a wooden through from which water infiltrates the ground, which increases the intensity of in-soil flow in the analyzed part of the slope.
{"title":"SUFOSION PHENOMENA IN THE AREA OF PIENINY NATIONAL PARK","authors":"A. Gruchot, T. Zydroń, K. Plesiński, E. Zając, Zbyněk Zachoval","doi":"10.15576/asp.fc/2022.21.2.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15576/asp.fc/2022.21.2.17","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to determine the range and conditions for the formation of the piping hole and the piping canal found in the Pieniny National Park in May 2019. Material and methods: The scope of the research carried out included the determination of the geotechnical characteristics of subsoil on the slope near the piping hole and along the piping canal. Numerical calculations with the finite element method were also carried out in the GeoStudio program, which allowed to assess the possibilities of soil deformation caused by the seepage forces. Results and conclusions: The results of the research and the analysis of the literature showed that the piping processes in the Polish Carpathians are a common phenomenon that plays a sculptural role. The observed piping form indicates that on the slope is a continuous, several dozen meters long, piping channel formed in medium-cohesive, clay-dusty soils. It should be expected that during periods of prolonged or intense rainfall such phenomena will intensify. The calculation results did not confirm the occurrence of conditions favoring the formation of hydraulic deformations. However, during the increased filtration flow, high values of the hydraulic gradient in the soil are generated, which, in the case of high porosity of the soil, favors the removal of soil particles. The occurring process of piping on the slope in question is favored by the presence of a wooden through from which water infiltrates the ground, which increases the intensity of in-soil flow in the analyzed part of the slope.","PeriodicalId":51904,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum-Formatio Circumiectus","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79650409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.15576/asp.fc/2022.21.2.3
Cong Ngoc Phan, A. Strużyński, T. Kowalik, Vinh P. Hoang
Aim of the study: This study focuses on assessing the efficiency of the anaerobic digester combined with biological pond to provide overview data and can be used as a reference for similar studies in Nghe An province. Material and methods: Wastewater properties at 3 stages of livestock wastewater treatment process (input, after digester, after biological pond) in Nam Anh were investigated. A total of 81 samples were collected across 9 locations between March and May 2020. Shapiro-Wilk test (α = 0.05), Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn test (α = 0.05) was preformed to estimate the significance differences. Cluster analysis was utilized to compare the parameters between the sampling locations and to classify the locations. Results and conclusions: The results showed that all parameters exceeded the allowable limit many times specified by QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT and TCN 678 – 2006. The wastewater after being treated by anaerobic digester was significantly reduced. The treatment efficiency for BOD5 was 66-73%, COD was 74-80%, SS reached 78-84%, reaching 10-27% for TN, 7-25% for TP and coliform ranged from 28.2-85.3%. Wastewater after being treated through the digester combined with the biological pond had a very high treatment efficiency: 95 - 97% for BOD5, 96- 97% with COD, SS was up to 96-97%, 45 - 57% with TN, 35 - 70% with TP and coliforms reached 77.4 - 98.4%. The treatment efficiency had a linear correlation between object locations. Applying anaerobic digestion in combination with biological pond has proven to be a highly effective solution, and should be prioritized in the treatment of livestock wastewater.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF LIVESTOCK WASTEWATER TREATMENT EFFICIENCY WHEN USING AN ANAEROBIC DIGESTER COMBINED WITH A BIOLOGICAL POND IN NAM ANH, NGHE AN, VIETNAM","authors":"Cong Ngoc Phan, A. Strużyński, T. Kowalik, Vinh P. Hoang","doi":"10.15576/asp.fc/2022.21.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15576/asp.fc/2022.21.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study: This study focuses on assessing the efficiency of the anaerobic digester combined with biological pond to provide overview data and can be used as a reference for similar studies in Nghe An province. Material and methods: Wastewater properties at 3 stages of livestock wastewater treatment process (input, after digester, after biological pond) in Nam Anh were investigated. A total of 81 samples were collected across 9 locations between March and May 2020. Shapiro-Wilk test (α = 0.05), Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn test (α = 0.05) was preformed to estimate the significance differences. Cluster analysis was utilized to compare the parameters between the sampling locations and to classify the locations. Results and conclusions: The results showed that all parameters exceeded the allowable limit many times specified by QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT and TCN 678 – 2006. The wastewater after being treated by anaerobic digester was significantly reduced. The treatment efficiency for BOD5 was 66-73%, COD was 74-80%, SS reached 78-84%, reaching 10-27% for TN, 7-25% for TP and coliform ranged from 28.2-85.3%. Wastewater after being treated through the digester combined with the biological pond had a very high treatment efficiency: 95 - 97% for BOD5, 96- 97% with COD, SS was up to 96-97%, 45 - 57% with TN, 35 - 70% with TP and coliforms reached 77.4 - 98.4%. The treatment efficiency had a linear correlation between object locations. Applying anaerobic digestion in combination with biological pond has proven to be a highly effective solution, and should be prioritized in the treatment of livestock wastewater.","PeriodicalId":51904,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum-Formatio Circumiectus","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76731866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.15576/asp.fc/2022.21.2.35
Jana Vojteková, Matej Vojtek, M. Boltižiar, F. Petrovič, Matej Masný, B. Gregorová
Aim of the study: The aim of this paper is to analyze and assess the land cover change in three transects in Slovakia by applying the coefficient of ecological stability and the coefficient of anthropogenic impact in four different time horizons (1950, 1990, 2000, and 2020). Based on the specific natural and socio-economic factors influencing landscape formation and change, we chose three transects from the territory of Slovakia as study areas. The study areas are located in western Slovakia (transect called Záhorie: Rudava – Buková), central Slovakia (transect called Turiec: Martin – Moškovec), and eastern Slovakia (transect called Poloniny: Stakčín – Ruské). Material and methods: Several methodological tools have been created to express the level of ecological stability of a given territory. In our study, we used the coefficient of ecological stability (CES). The intensity of changes in the landscape as a result of human activity was also described through the coefficient of anthropogenic influence (CAI). Results and conclusions: The results of CES and CAI indicate a similar situation in case of the Záhorie: Rudava – Buková transect and the Poloniny: Stakčín – Ruské transect. For the Poloniny: Stakčín – Ruské transect, the CES values are significantly higher than 1.21, which is a landscape with high ecological stability, and the CAI values are close to 0, which also represents a landscape with a minimal intensity of changes due to human activity. In the case of the Záhorie: Rudava – Buková transect it is similar, but the CES values do not reach such high values as in the case of the Poloniny: Stakčín – Ruské transect, which is mainly influenced by the fact that the Poloniny: Stakčín – Ruské transect passes through a protected area of the Poloniny National Park. In the case of the Turiec: Martin – Moškovec transect, there is no correspondence between the CAI and CES values, as the CAI values are less than 1 (the highest value is 0.46), which represents a landscape with a minimal intensity of changes due to human activity. However, the results of CES are values lower than 0.8, which represents a landscape with low ecological stability.
{"title":"MAPPING AND ASSESSMENT OF LAND COVER CHANGE AND ECOLOGICAL STABILITY: A CASE OF THREE TRANSECTS IN SLOVAKIA","authors":"Jana Vojteková, Matej Vojtek, M. Boltižiar, F. Petrovič, Matej Masný, B. Gregorová","doi":"10.15576/asp.fc/2022.21.2.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15576/asp.fc/2022.21.2.35","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study: The aim of this paper is to analyze and assess the land cover change in three transects in Slovakia by applying the coefficient of ecological stability and the coefficient of anthropogenic impact in four different time horizons (1950, 1990, 2000, and 2020). Based on the specific natural and socio-economic factors influencing landscape formation and change, we chose three transects from the territory of Slovakia as study areas. The study areas are located in western Slovakia (transect called Záhorie: Rudava – Buková), central Slovakia (transect called Turiec: Martin – Moškovec), and eastern Slovakia (transect called Poloniny: Stakčín – Ruské). Material and methods: Several methodological tools have been created to express the level of ecological stability of a given territory. In our study, we used the coefficient of ecological stability (CES). The intensity of changes in the landscape as a result of human activity was also described through the coefficient of anthropogenic influence (CAI). Results and conclusions: The results of CES and CAI indicate a similar situation in case of the Záhorie: Rudava – Buková transect and the Poloniny: Stakčín – Ruské transect. For the Poloniny: Stakčín – Ruské transect, the CES values are significantly higher than 1.21, which is a landscape with high ecological stability, and the CAI values are close to 0, which also represents a landscape with a minimal intensity of changes due to human activity. In the case of the Záhorie: Rudava – Buková transect it is similar, but the CES values do not reach such high values as in the case of the Poloniny: Stakčín – Ruské transect, which is mainly influenced by the fact that the Poloniny: Stakčín – Ruské transect passes through a protected area of the Poloniny National Park. In the case of the Turiec: Martin – Moškovec transect, there is no correspondence between the CAI and CES values, as the CAI values are less than 1 (the highest value is 0.46), which represents a landscape with a minimal intensity of changes due to human activity. However, the results of CES are values lower than 0.8, which represents a landscape with low ecological stability.","PeriodicalId":51904,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum-Formatio Circumiectus","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85582855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.15576/asp.fc/2022.21.2.49
S. Ibatullin, I. Dorosh, O. Dorosh, O. Sakal, Y. Butenko, R. Kharytonenko, H. Shtohryn
Aim of the study: The aim of the study is a determination of economic losses on agricultural lands (arable land) that have been affected by hostilities and need further measures to demine them and to make them eligible for safe food production in order to resolve acute humanitarian and food crisis. Material and methods: The generally accepted methods of scientific research are used: monographic, statistical, analytical, method of comparison, method of interpolation, forecasting, abstract-logical and engraving. Results and conclusions: Economic losses caused by hostilities on the example of the agricultural lands (arable land) in Kyivska oblast in Ukraine were calculated. The spatial aspect of administrative-territorial reform carried out in Ukraine in terms of changes to the number of administrative districts and their area is considered. It was made to be able to work with the data regarding agricultural lands collected for both new and old administrative-territorial divisions of Kyivska oblast. The approximate term of demining works on territories affected by hostilities is considered, taking into account various degree of the shelling intensity and demining works complexity. The unearned income of agricultural producers within cereals, legumes and oilseeds in Kyivska oblast were calculated. The calculations of economic losses associated with the cost of demining works and the impossibility of growing crops in Kyivska oblast were made. Results obtained for Kyivska oblast were interpolated in order to determine the approximate area of arable land affected by hostilities and therefore economic losses on these lands throughout Ukraine.
{"title":"DETERMINATION OF ECONOMIC LOSSES ON AGRICULTURAL LAND IN CONNECTION WITH HOSTILITIES ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE TERRITORY OF KYIVSKA OBLAST IN UKRAINE","authors":"S. Ibatullin, I. Dorosh, O. Dorosh, O. Sakal, Y. Butenko, R. Kharytonenko, H. Shtohryn","doi":"10.15576/asp.fc/2022.21.2.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15576/asp.fc/2022.21.2.49","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study: The aim of the study is a determination of economic losses on agricultural lands (arable land) that have been affected by hostilities and need further measures to demine them and to make them eligible for safe food production in order to resolve acute humanitarian and food crisis. Material and methods: The generally accepted methods of scientific research are used: monographic, statistical, analytical, method of comparison, method of interpolation, forecasting, abstract-logical and engraving. Results and conclusions: Economic losses caused by hostilities on the example of the agricultural lands (arable land) in Kyivska oblast in Ukraine were calculated. The spatial aspect of administrative-territorial reform carried out in Ukraine in terms of changes to the number of administrative districts and their area is considered. It was made to be able to work with the data regarding agricultural lands collected for both new and old administrative-territorial divisions of Kyivska oblast. The approximate term of demining works on territories affected by hostilities is considered, taking into account various degree of the shelling intensity and demining works complexity. The unearned income of agricultural producers within cereals, legumes and oilseeds in Kyivska oblast were calculated. The calculations of economic losses associated with the cost of demining works and the impossibility of growing crops in Kyivska oblast were made. Results obtained for Kyivska oblast were interpolated in order to determine the approximate area of arable land affected by hostilities and therefore economic losses on these lands throughout Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":51904,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum-Formatio Circumiectus","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81267263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-26DOI: 10.15576/asp.fc/2022.21.1.49
K. Amanbayeva, J. Mosiej, E. Zhaparkulova, K. Zhanumkhan
Aim of the study: The aim of the study is to present environmental problems related to the intensive cultivation of cotton in the climatic conditions of Central Asia. This problem was and is related to the pressure to increase yields by systematically increasing the used irrigations rates. At the same time, other problems arise, such as ownership changes, water charges, and other problems. Material and methods: The "case study" method was used in the work. The materials were collected by co-authors from Kazakhstan as part of many years of experimental and monitoring work. Results and conclusions: The results of field studies concerning the analysis of the state of irrigated land on the flagships Makhtaaral facility showed a systematic deterioration of soil physical indicators and: - reduction of the drainage efficiency of irrigated land, - an increase in the groundwater level above the critical depth, - increase level of soils salinity, - effect of washing on soil alkalisation
{"title":"MEASURES FOR INCREASING PRODUCTIVITY OF WATER AND AGRICULTURAL LAND RESOURCES IN SOUTH KAZAKHSTAN – MAKTAARAL DISTRICT CASE STUDY","authors":"K. Amanbayeva, J. Mosiej, E. Zhaparkulova, K. Zhanumkhan","doi":"10.15576/asp.fc/2022.21.1.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15576/asp.fc/2022.21.1.49","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study: The aim of the study is to present environmental problems related to the intensive cultivation of cotton in the climatic conditions of Central Asia. This problem was and is related to the pressure to increase yields by systematically increasing the used irrigations rates. At the same time, other problems arise, such as ownership changes, water charges, and other problems. Material and methods: The \"case study\" method was used in the work. The materials were collected by co-authors from Kazakhstan as part of many years of experimental and monitoring work. Results and conclusions: The results of field studies concerning the analysis of the state of irrigated land on the flagships Makhtaaral facility showed a systematic deterioration of soil physical indicators and: - reduction of the drainage efficiency of irrigated land, - an increase in the groundwater level above the critical depth, - increase level of soils salinity, - effect of washing on soil alkalisation","PeriodicalId":51904,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum-Formatio Circumiectus","volume":"255 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72893781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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