This article is an in-depth study of two cylinders seals with the goddess in a nimbus from the Bible Lands Museum, Jerusalem. It is commonly accepted that the goddess in a nimbus is Ishtar (Inana in Sumerian), the goddess of love and war. Although Ishtar is one of the best-attested motifs on ancient Mesopotamian seals, the appearance of the goddess surrounded by rays of light—reminiscent of Roman Catholic imagery of the Virgin Mary surrounded by sunshine—is limited primarily to the period between the eighth and seventh centuries BCE. This article offers an insight into the iconography of this mysterious goddess, as well as a glimpse of a small portion of the Bible Lands Museum Seal Collection, probably one of the largest such collections in the world.
{"title":"attīma nannarat šamê u erṣetim—“You Are the Light of Heaven and Earth”","authors":"Takayoshi M. Oshima","doi":"10.1086/724781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/724781","url":null,"abstract":"This article is an in-depth study of two cylinders seals with the goddess in a nimbus from the Bible Lands Museum, Jerusalem. It is commonly accepted that the goddess in a nimbus is Ishtar (Inana in Sumerian), the goddess of love and war. Although Ishtar is one of the best-attested motifs on ancient Mesopotamian seals, the appearance of the goddess surrounded by rays of light—reminiscent of Roman Catholic imagery of the Virgin Mary surrounded by sunshine—is limited primarily to the period between the eighth and seventh centuries BCE. This article offers an insight into the iconography of this mysterious goddess, as well as a glimpse of a small portion of the Bible Lands Museum Seal Collection, probably one of the largest such collections in the world.","PeriodicalId":51934,"journal":{"name":"NEAR EASTERN ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41716220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Following the rediscovery of the Early Byzantine wall painting of Christ’s baptism in the northern church of Shivta in southern Israel, the painting was investigated with different imaging techniques in order to clarify the scene and to find additional painted motifs and hidden colors and patterns. Besides high-quality photography from close distance on a scaffolding at 3.5 m height, thus at the level of the painting, Near IR photography (NIR), UV wavelengths microscopy, and Visible Induced Luminescence (VIL) imaging were all conducted in order to collect new information on the painting. The combination of several imaging techniques provided new and surprising details on elements of the painting, especially revealing blue color around the head and shoulders of Christ, most probably reminiscent of the River Jordan where the baptism took place.
{"title":"In Situ Implementation of Imaging Techniques Reveals Key Motifs in the Early Byzantine Wall Painting of Christ’s Baptism at Shivta, Israel","authors":"R. Linn, Emma Maayan-Fanar, Y. Tepper","doi":"10.1086/723457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/723457","url":null,"abstract":"Following the rediscovery of the Early Byzantine wall painting of Christ’s baptism in the northern church of Shivta in southern Israel, the painting was investigated with different imaging techniques in order to clarify the scene and to find additional painted motifs and hidden colors and patterns. Besides high-quality photography from close distance on a scaffolding at 3.5 m height, thus at the level of the painting, Near IR photography (NIR), UV wavelengths microscopy, and Visible Induced Luminescence (VIL) imaging were all conducted in order to collect new information on the painting. The combination of several imaging techniques provided new and surprising details on elements of the painting, especially revealing blue color around the head and shoulders of Christ, most probably reminiscent of the River Jordan where the baptism took place.","PeriodicalId":51934,"journal":{"name":"NEAR EASTERN ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46586366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Previous articleNext article FreeFiscal Year 2022 Honor RollPDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmailPrint SectionsMoreBenefactor ($20,000 and up)Arnold and Porter, LLC (in kind) ∞Sheila Bishop ∞Stevan B. Dana ‡Sharon Herbert ‡Eric and Carol Meyers ∞David Rosenstein ∞Wayne R. Shepard ◊Carolyn Midkiff Strange ∞Patron ($10,000–$19,999)Sonya and Richard Coffman ‡W. Mark Lanier Theological Library ‡Elmar P. SakalaJoe D. Seger ∞Friend ($5,000–$9,999)Susan Ackerman ∞Anonymous ∞Anonymous ◊Ted Dodd and Lynn Swartz Dodd ‡Jane DeRose Evans ‡Ann-Marie Knoblauch ‡Mark W. MeehlTimothy PottsAnn V. Sahlman ◊Andy and Amy Vaughn ∞Sponsor ($1,000–$4,999)AnonymousAnonymousAnonymousAndrea Berlin ◊Jeffrey A. Blakely and Brauna Hartzell ∞Emily Miller Bonney ◊James Bucko ◊Frances Cahill ◊Sheldon and Debbie Fox ∞Lawrence T. Geraty ∞Denise L. GoldTimothy P. Harrison ∞Michael Hasel ◊Peyton R. Helm ◊Carol Landes ∞Albert Leonard ◊Alex and Bridget MacAllister ◊Byron R. McCane ◊Jenna MortonRichard F. Natarian ‡Cindy O’BryanWilliam RaynoldsB. W. Ruffner ∞H. Katharine Sheeler ‡Abraham Sofaer and Marian Scheuer Sofaer ◊Joseph J. Weinstein ∞Donald Whitcomb and Janet JohnsonJeanine Young-MasonSustainer ($500–$999)Matthew J. Adams ∞William S. Andreas ∞Kate BirneyDouglas Clark ‡Robert and Erin DarbyP. M. Michèle Daviau ◊Geoff Emberling ◊Steven E. Falconer and Patricia FallPaul V. M. Flesher ‡Paul Gaylo ∞Seymour Gitin ∞James Hardin ◊Roger IsaacsBrian L. JanewayJames F. Joyner III ‡Melissa Bailey KutnerØystein and Asta LaBianca ∞Barbara MeyerRobert A. Mullins ∞Beth Alpert Nakhai ∞Suzanne Richard ∞Jonathan Rosenbaum ◊Ann K. StehneyJeanne Marie Teutonico ◊Jason UrJane C. Waldbaum ∞Randall Younker ∞Supporter ($250–$499)Lisa Marilyn Ackerman ◊Gary Arbino ∞Lamar Barden ‡Theodore Burgh ◊Randy CorbetPearce Paul Creasman ◊Paul FitzpatrickDavid FosseCatherine P. Foster ‡Joe FurrAlison Acker GrusekeDavid Ilan ‡Morag M. Kersel and Yorke M. RowanCarroll Kobs ◊Duane KratzerThomas and Alina LevyDale Manor ‡Stefania MazzoniPiotr MichalowskiSteven and Karen OstovichBarbara A. Porter ∞Jennifer Ramsay ◊Thomas RobyBruce Romanic ◊Jennifer SchneiderJohn R. Spencer ‡Ricardo St. HilaireJames Riley StrangeStuart SwinyAldo Tamburrino and Violeta TavantzisDwight Tawney ◊Matthew Luke VincentJames L. Walker ‡World History by a JewContributor ($100–$249)Anne AarnesRandy Akers ∞Nancy Allen-TicknerAndrews UniversityAnonymousMichal ArtzyCarolina A. AznarJeanne BaileyRandall C. Bailey ◊Brenda Baker ◊Ivy BatoriNorman A. BeckLeigh-Ann Bedal ◊Dianne BentonCelia BergoffenHal BonnetteOded Borowski ∞Karen Borstad ◊Roger BoveMichael BoyceMargaret BrandtJeffrey S. BrindleAaron BrodyWilfred F. Bunge ◊Cynthia Ruth Burdge ◊John CampEdward F. CampbellChristopher Carr ◊Tony W. CartledgeHanan Charaf ∞Scott ChesworthGary L. ChristophersonW. Malcolm Clark ∞Kay Granberry ClementsEric Cline ◊Margaret E. Cohen ‡Kevin CooneyJohn DashElif Denel ◊Hel
上一篇文章下一篇文章免费财政年度2022荣誉滚动pdf pdf +全文添加到收藏下载CitationTrack citationspermissions转载分享在facebook twitterlinkedinredditemailprint SectionsMoreBenefactor(20,000美元及以上)Arnold and Porter, LLC(以商品)∞Sheila Bishop∞steven B. Dana‡Sharon Herbert‡Eric和Carol Meyers∞David Rosenstein∞Wayne R. Shepard◊Carolyn Midkiff Strange∞赞助人($10,000 - $19,999)Sonya和Richard Coffman‡W。马克·拉尼尔神学图书馆‡Elmar P. SakalaJoe D. Seger∞朋友($5,000 - $9,999)苏珊·阿克曼∞匿名∞匿名♦泰德·多德和林恩·斯沃茨·多德‡简·德罗斯·埃文斯‡Ann-Marie Knoblauch‡Mark W. MeehlTimothy PottsAnn V. Sahlman♦安迪和艾米·沃恩∞赞助商($1,000 - $4,999)AnonymousAnonymousAnonymousAndrea Berlin♦杰弗里·布雷克利和布劳纳·哈泽尔→艾米丽·米勒·邦尼→詹姆斯·巴克→弗朗西丝·卡希尔→谢尔登和黛比·福克斯∞劳伦斯T. Geraty∞丹尼斯L. GoldTimothy P. Harrison∞迈克尔Hasel -佩顿·r·赫尔姆-卡罗尔·兰德斯-阿尔伯特·伦纳德-亚历克斯和布里吉特·麦卡利斯特-拜伦·r·麦肯-珍娜·莫顿理查德·f·纳塔里安‡辛迪·奥布莱恩-威廉·雷诺兹鲁夫纳∞H;凯瑟琳·希勒‡Abraham Sofaer和Marian Scheuer Sofaer↑约瑟夫·j·韦恩斯坦∞唐纳德·惠特科姆和珍妮特·约翰逊jeanine Young-MasonSustainer($500 - $999)马修·j·亚当斯∞威廉·s·安德烈亚斯∞凯特·伯尼道格拉斯·克拉克‡罗伯特和艾琳·达比p。M. mich<e:1> Daviau - Geoff Emberling - Steven E. Falconer和Patricia FallPaul V. M. Flesher‡Paul Gaylo∞Seymour Gitin∞James Hardin - Roger IsaacsBrian L. JanewayJames F. Joyner III‡Melissa Bailey KutnerØystein和Asta LaBianca∞Barbara MeyerRobert A. Mullins∞Beth Alpert Nakhai∞Suzanne Richard∞Jonathan Rosenbaum - Ann K. StehneyJeanne Marie Teutonico - Jason UrJane C. Waldbaum∞Randall Younker∞支持者($250 - $499)Lisa Marilyn Ackerman - Gary Arbino∞Lamar Barden‡Theodore Burgh - RandyCorbetPearce Paul Creasman◊保罗·菲茨帕特里克大卫·福斯特凯瑟琳·p·福斯特乔·弗拉利森·阿克·格鲁塞克大卫·伊兰·Morag M. Kersel和Yorke M. rowke卡罗尔科布斯◊杜恩·克拉泽托马斯和阿琳娜·莱维戴尔庄园‡Stefania MazzoniPiotr michalowskistven和Karen ostovich芭芭拉·波特詹妮弗·拉姆齐◊托马斯·罗比布鲁斯·罗曼尼克◊詹妮弗·施奈德约翰·r·斯宾塞‡里卡多·圣·希莱尔詹姆斯·莱利斯特兰奇斯图尔特斯维尼奥尔多·坦布里诺和Violeta塔万齐斯德怀特·托尼◊马修·鲁克·文森特詹姆斯·L·福斯特沃克‡《犹太作家的世界历史》($100 - $249)安妮·阿纳斯·兰迪·阿克斯∞南希·艾伦-提克纳安德鲁斯大学yanonymousmichal ArtzyCarolina a . aznaranne Bailey兰德尔·c·贝利-布伦达·贝克-艾维·巴托里诺曼·a·贝克利-安·贝达尔-戴安·本顿西莉亚·贝戈芬哈尔·邦尼特奥德·博罗夫斯基∞凯伦·博斯塔德-罗杰·博维迈克尔·博伊吉·玛格丽特·布兰德杰弗里·布林德·亚伦·布罗迪威尔弗雷德·邦吉-辛西娅·露丝·伯奇-约翰·坎贝尔·克里斯托弗·卡尔-托尼·卡特利奇哈南·查拉夫∞斯科特切斯沃斯加里L.克里斯托弗森w。马尔科姆·克拉克、凯·格兰伯里·克莱门特、里克·克莱恩、玛格丽特·科恩、凯文·库尼、约翰·达谢利夫、丹尼尔、海伦·迪克森、安德烈·杜德克、凯文·达夫、珍妮·埃贝林、格雷蒙·尤因、克莱尔·费森、玛乔丽·费希尔、黛布拉·弗兰、杰里和简·福特、布兰迪·亚历山德拉·福瑞斯、史蒂文·加芬克尔、罗伯特·高德、梅兰妮·吉布森、格雷戈里·格洛弗、理查德·卡地亚、戈弗雷、艾伦·格洛弗、罗德·j·古特雷斯、卡尔·古特雷斯、弗瓦兹·哈巴、爱德华·汉伦、詹妮弗·赫尔布莱、大卫·亨丁、艾伦·赫舍尔、理查德·s·赫斯杰恩·霍兰德、苏珊·塔霍利斯◊玛拉·霍洛维茨弗雷德·莱恩·霍顿德博拉·赫恩彼得·伊里格·马西莫·ImperialiKea M.约翰斯顿查尔斯·埃尔伍德·琼斯◊丽莎·卡恩斯蒂芬·金普尔查尔斯·纳普玛丽·j·库恩乔尔·科维茨南希·拉佩尔伊丽莎白·麦考利◊彼得机械师克里斯蒂娜·马勒查尔斯·马林◊信仰梅森罗伯特·马特·文森特·毛尔◊史蒂夫·麦克拉伦希瑟·麦基里奇哈德·h·梅多桑迪·梅尔斯坦◊罗伯特·米德克-康琳·多蒂·米德尔威廉·米拉娜·f·米勒保罗·米尔安德鲁·莫里斯◊Abbas mokhtarzadeh罗伯特·莫尔瑟·奥林·尼尔森大卫·诺里斯安妮伍德·诺顿凯蒂·保罗大卫·彼得史蒂夫·菲尔普斯肖利·皮特玛阿琳和迈克尔·普莱斯芭芭拉·伦滕巴克罗伯特·里奥·雷诺兹弗雷德和威尔达·罗杰斯斯科尼莉亚·b·卢瑟福德迈克尔·d·瑞安玛格丽特·施密特托马斯·施耐德赖威廉·施耐德赖兰德和卡罗尔·斯科特杰里米·凯尔·塞加斯大卫和露丝·西格尔赖西恩南希·瑟温哈里特·塞勒雷rev。卡尔·d·尚克韦勒凯瑟琳·西蒙森丹尼尔·史密斯加里·史密斯◊马克·史密斯安杰洛·斯波托斯斯科特·星巴克康德雷·斯蒂利克珍妮特·沙利文·格雷亨·西奥波尔爱德华·托马斯朱莉·皮尔斯·托马斯艾莉森·卡梅尔·托马斯杰弗里·汤普森茱莉亚·托塞尔罗伯特·特蕾西·吉尔伯特·瓦伦蒂伊丽莎白·韦勒玛格丽特·大卫·维拉斯斯蒂芬·冯·威里克布莱恩·维迈斯特卡罗琳·沃尔德伦‡黛布拉·韦伯简·卡希尔西‡罗伯特·r·威尔逊◊K。Lawson Younger‡Zaydoon ZaidPaul ZimanskyFrank Zindler◊捐赠者(最高100美元)Richard AdairAmazon Smile◊rok AndalusBarbara AngliszJane Bei
{"title":"Fiscal Year 2022 Honor Roll","authors":"","doi":"10.1086/724671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/724671","url":null,"abstract":"Previous articleNext article FreeFiscal Year 2022 Honor RollPDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmailPrint SectionsMoreBenefactor ($20,000 and up)Arnold and Porter, LLC (in kind) ∞Sheila Bishop ∞Stevan B. Dana ‡Sharon Herbert ‡Eric and Carol Meyers ∞David Rosenstein ∞Wayne R. Shepard ◊Carolyn Midkiff Strange ∞Patron ($10,000–$19,999)Sonya and Richard Coffman ‡W. Mark Lanier Theological Library ‡Elmar P. SakalaJoe D. Seger ∞Friend ($5,000–$9,999)Susan Ackerman ∞Anonymous ∞Anonymous ◊Ted Dodd and Lynn Swartz Dodd ‡Jane DeRose Evans ‡Ann-Marie Knoblauch ‡Mark W. MeehlTimothy PottsAnn V. Sahlman ◊Andy and Amy Vaughn ∞Sponsor ($1,000–$4,999)AnonymousAnonymousAnonymousAndrea Berlin ◊Jeffrey A. Blakely and Brauna Hartzell ∞Emily Miller Bonney ◊James Bucko ◊Frances Cahill ◊Sheldon and Debbie Fox ∞Lawrence T. Geraty ∞Denise L. GoldTimothy P. Harrison ∞Michael Hasel ◊Peyton R. Helm ◊Carol Landes ∞Albert Leonard ◊Alex and Bridget MacAllister ◊Byron R. McCane ◊Jenna MortonRichard F. Natarian ‡Cindy O’BryanWilliam RaynoldsB. W. Ruffner ∞H. Katharine Sheeler ‡Abraham Sofaer and Marian Scheuer Sofaer ◊Joseph J. Weinstein ∞Donald Whitcomb and Janet JohnsonJeanine Young-MasonSustainer ($500–$999)Matthew J. Adams ∞William S. Andreas ∞Kate BirneyDouglas Clark ‡Robert and Erin DarbyP. M. Michèle Daviau ◊Geoff Emberling ◊Steven E. Falconer and Patricia FallPaul V. M. Flesher ‡Paul Gaylo ∞Seymour Gitin ∞James Hardin ◊Roger IsaacsBrian L. JanewayJames F. Joyner III ‡Melissa Bailey KutnerØystein and Asta LaBianca ∞Barbara MeyerRobert A. Mullins ∞Beth Alpert Nakhai ∞Suzanne Richard ∞Jonathan Rosenbaum ◊Ann K. StehneyJeanne Marie Teutonico ◊Jason UrJane C. Waldbaum ∞Randall Younker ∞Supporter ($250–$499)Lisa Marilyn Ackerman ◊Gary Arbino ∞Lamar Barden ‡Theodore Burgh ◊Randy CorbetPearce Paul Creasman ◊Paul FitzpatrickDavid FosseCatherine P. Foster ‡Joe FurrAlison Acker GrusekeDavid Ilan ‡Morag M. Kersel and Yorke M. RowanCarroll Kobs ◊Duane KratzerThomas and Alina LevyDale Manor ‡Stefania MazzoniPiotr MichalowskiSteven and Karen OstovichBarbara A. Porter ∞Jennifer Ramsay ◊Thomas RobyBruce Romanic ◊Jennifer SchneiderJohn R. Spencer ‡Ricardo St. HilaireJames Riley StrangeStuart SwinyAldo Tamburrino and Violeta TavantzisDwight Tawney ◊Matthew Luke VincentJames L. Walker ‡World History by a JewContributor ($100–$249)Anne AarnesRandy Akers ∞Nancy Allen-TicknerAndrews UniversityAnonymousMichal ArtzyCarolina A. AznarJeanne BaileyRandall C. Bailey ◊Brenda Baker ◊Ivy BatoriNorman A. BeckLeigh-Ann Bedal ◊Dianne BentonCelia BergoffenHal BonnetteOded Borowski ∞Karen Borstad ◊Roger BoveMichael BoyceMargaret BrandtJeffrey S. BrindleAaron BrodyWilfred F. Bunge ◊Cynthia Ruth Burdge ◊John CampEdward F. CampbellChristopher Carr ◊Tony W. CartledgeHanan Charaf ∞Scott ChesworthGary L. ChristophersonW. Malcolm Clark ∞Kay Granberry ClementsEric Cline ◊Margaret E. Cohen ‡Kevin CooneyJohn DashElif Denel ◊Hel","PeriodicalId":51934,"journal":{"name":"NEAR EASTERN ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136246356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marta Lorenzon, Antti Lahelma, Maher Tarboush, Elisabeth Holmqvist, Dries Daems, Saimi Kautonen, Joanna Töyräänvuori, Stefan L. Smith, Benjamín Cutillas-Victoria, Maija Holappa, H. al-Sababha, A. Al-Shorman
This article presents the results of a joint Finnish-Jordanian survey project that focuses on investigating the interrelations of the imperial heartlands and the Levantine region in the Late Bronze and Iron Ages. We used historical satellite images to identify potential sites on the northern Jordanian plateau, after which they were systematically investigated by archaeological survey. Of the sites discovered, the fortified site of Tell al-Assara stands out owing to its prominent location, as indicated by a visibility analysis, and its massive enceinte wall made of ashlars. One of the pottery sherds found at the site bears an inscription in Aramaic. Although Tell al-Assara is remarkably well preserved, many of the sites discovered were already badly damaged by looting and urban development. These alarming developments can only be countered by closely involving local communities in fieldwork projects working in the region.
{"title":"Tell It Like It Is","authors":"Marta Lorenzon, Antti Lahelma, Maher Tarboush, Elisabeth Holmqvist, Dries Daems, Saimi Kautonen, Joanna Töyräänvuori, Stefan L. Smith, Benjamín Cutillas-Victoria, Maija Holappa, H. al-Sababha, A. Al-Shorman","doi":"10.1086/723459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/723459","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of a joint Finnish-Jordanian survey project that focuses on investigating the interrelations of the imperial heartlands and the Levantine region in the Late Bronze and Iron Ages. We used historical satellite images to identify potential sites on the northern Jordanian plateau, after which they were systematically investigated by archaeological survey. Of the sites discovered, the fortified site of Tell al-Assara stands out owing to its prominent location, as indicated by a visibility analysis, and its massive enceinte wall made of ashlars. One of the pottery sherds found at the site bears an inscription in Aramaic. Although Tell al-Assara is remarkably well preserved, many of the sites discovered were already badly damaged by looting and urban development. These alarming developments can only be countered by closely involving local communities in fieldwork projects working in the region.","PeriodicalId":51934,"journal":{"name":"NEAR EASTERN ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46895137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article discusses how identification of stylistic, morphometric, mineralogical, and technological characteristics of carnelian stone beads can provide major insights into EB IV/MB I interregional networks and social differentiation. Based on unique drilling techniques, stylistic shapes, morphometric proportions, and mineralogical characteristics, fifty-four carnelian beads found in Israel/Palestine have been identified as crafted in a manner ultimately diagnostic of the Indus tradition of modern Pakistan and western India. Fifty Indus-style beads in the EB IV/MB I probably reflect increased socio-cultural links to the northern Levant and Mesopotamia during this period, while four beads from later contexts represent long-term curation of valuable ornaments.
{"title":"Indus-Style Stone Beads in the Late Third-Millennium BCE Southern Levant","authors":"Geoffrey E. Ludvik","doi":"10.1086/723461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/723461","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses how identification of stylistic, morphometric, mineralogical, and technological characteristics of carnelian stone beads can provide major insights into EB IV/MB I interregional networks and social differentiation. Based on unique drilling techniques, stylistic shapes, morphometric proportions, and mineralogical characteristics, fifty-four carnelian beads found in Israel/Palestine have been identified as crafted in a manner ultimately diagnostic of the Indus tradition of modern Pakistan and western India. Fifty Indus-style beads in the EB IV/MB I probably reflect increased socio-cultural links to the northern Levant and Mesopotamia during this period, while four beads from later contexts represent long-term curation of valuable ornaments.","PeriodicalId":51934,"journal":{"name":"NEAR EASTERN ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45539509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the hypothesis presented by the authors, stratified, nonmonumental inscriptions and their radiometric datings take center stage for the first time. It is in the living script of these texts rather than in the artificial alphabet of monuments that the evolution of the alphabet in Iron IIA can be studied properly. A key take-home lesson of the work is the significant ninth-century transformations of the alphabet from precursive Proto-Canaanite to supraregional cursive, thence to the well-known regional variants. Under the Omrides, the alphabet in Israel is attested minimally. No Omride texts were recognized at Samaria, nor Baashide texts at Tirzah. The newly founded West Semitic kingdoms since ca. 900 BCE will have constituted the cradle of the cursive, while papyrus or parchment and ink were the cursive’s likeliest vehicle. Alphabetic inscriptions on monuments, including Byblos, all cursive-inspired, will only have emerged in the last third of the ninth century.
{"title":"The West Semitic Alphabet in the Early Iron Age","authors":"B. Sass, I. Finkelstein","doi":"10.1086/723458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/723458","url":null,"abstract":"In the hypothesis presented by the authors, stratified, nonmonumental inscriptions and their radiometric datings take center stage for the first time. It is in the living script of these texts rather than in the artificial alphabet of monuments that the evolution of the alphabet in Iron IIA can be studied properly. A key take-home lesson of the work is the significant ninth-century transformations of the alphabet from precursive Proto-Canaanite to supraregional cursive, thence to the well-known regional variants. Under the Omrides, the alphabet in Israel is attested minimally. No Omride texts were recognized at Samaria, nor Baashide texts at Tirzah. The newly founded West Semitic kingdoms since ca. 900 BCE will have constituted the cradle of the cursive, while papyrus or parchment and ink were the cursive’s likeliest vehicle. Alphabetic inscriptions on monuments, including Byblos, all cursive-inspired, will only have emerged in the last third of the ninth century.","PeriodicalId":51934,"journal":{"name":"NEAR EASTERN ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48128814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Educational excavation projects focus primarily on the pedagogic values embedded in the archaeological work, while archaeology per se is their secondary goal; therefore, they differ from community archaeology, which mostly incorporates education and community into archaeological projects and objectives. This article articulates this difference and then presents educational archaeology in detail, explaining how it is implemented. To illuminate educational archaeology further, two projects headed by the author are presented, encompassing school students, and domestic and international tourism. Educational archaeology encompasses a variety of benefits that are rather efficiently delivered: social and personal development of the individual, building community and a sense of belonging, and widening one’s scope of knowledge. The call to make archaeology accessible to the broad public is greatly facilitated here, and therefore educational archaeology projects should occupy a larger space among place-based, value-oriented projects.
{"title":"The Finder, Not the Find","authors":"Achia Kohn-Tavor","doi":"10.1086/723460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/723460","url":null,"abstract":"Educational excavation projects focus primarily on the pedagogic values embedded in the archaeological work, while archaeology per se is their secondary goal; therefore, they differ from community archaeology, which mostly incorporates education and community into archaeological projects and objectives. This article articulates this difference and then presents educational archaeology in detail, explaining how it is implemented. To illuminate educational archaeology further, two projects headed by the author are presented, encompassing school students, and domestic and international tourism. Educational archaeology encompasses a variety of benefits that are rather efficiently delivered: social and personal development of the individual, building community and a sense of belonging, and widening one’s scope of knowledge. The call to make archaeology accessible to the broad public is greatly facilitated here, and therefore educational archaeology projects should occupy a larger space among place-based, value-oriented projects.","PeriodicalId":51934,"journal":{"name":"NEAR EASTERN ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49401404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Igor Kreimerman, Itamar Weissbein, Pnina Torn Broers, Ofer Naveh
Tell Beit Mirsim in the Judean Shephelah was excavated by William F. Albright and Melvin G. Kyle in the 1920s and 1930s. These excavations established the relative chronology for the entire southern Levant because of good preservation conditions, facilitated by the multiple destruction layers at the site, and thanks to Albright’s familiarity with pottery. Ninety years later, the excavations have been renewed with the aim of investigating the economy and social structure of the kingdom of Judah. The first season of renewed excavations by the Institute of Archaeology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem has unearthed the remains of Iron Age IIB domestic structures, one of which belongs to the four-room-house type, and an olive oil press. The excellent preservation of the remains enables the reconstruction of activity areas and suggests that Tell Beit Mirsim could be the perfect lab for exploring the economy of the kingdom of Judah.
{"title":"In the Footsteps of Albright","authors":"Igor Kreimerman, Itamar Weissbein, Pnina Torn Broers, Ofer Naveh","doi":"10.1086/723462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/723462","url":null,"abstract":"Tell Beit Mirsim in the Judean Shephelah was excavated by William F. Albright and Melvin G. Kyle in the 1920s and 1930s. These excavations established the relative chronology for the entire southern Levant because of good preservation conditions, facilitated by the multiple destruction layers at the site, and thanks to Albright’s familiarity with pottery. Ninety years later, the excavations have been renewed with the aim of investigating the economy and social structure of the kingdom of Judah. The first season of renewed excavations by the Institute of Archaeology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem has unearthed the remains of Iron Age IIB domestic structures, one of which belongs to the four-room-house type, and an olive oil press. The excellent preservation of the remains enables the reconstruction of activity areas and suggests that Tell Beit Mirsim could be the perfect lab for exploring the economy of the kingdom of Judah.","PeriodicalId":51934,"journal":{"name":"NEAR EASTERN ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44692796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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