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A Tale of Twelve Thousand Cards 一万两千张卡片的故事
IF 0.7 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1086/727581
Silas Klein Cardoso
This article discusses the cognitive influence of cataloging tools in the stamp seals research project carried out between 1981–2013 at the Department of Biblical Studies of the University of Fribourg, Switzerland. As visual knowledge tools, the roughly twelve thousand index cards used by the Fribourg school helped to analyze, translate, and deconstruct visual artifacts into historical/archaeological data in the form of textual descriptions. In terms of media theory, the process entailed the translation of structural (nonlinear to linear), cognitive (synthetic to consecutive), and syntactical (dense to nondense) features. The semiotic analysis of the cards seen against the group’s socio-academic context shows that the cards were not only central methodologically but supported the group’s conceptual and methodological transition with direct outcomes in their historiography. The case study thus addresses an important issue in and for digital humanities, namely the conceptual role of knowledge tools in scholarship interpreting the past.
本文讨论了编目工具在1981-2013年间在瑞士弗里堡大学圣经研究系进行的印章研究项目中的认知影响。作为视觉知识工具,弗里堡学派使用的大约12000张索引卡有助于分析、翻译和解构视觉文物,并以文本描述的形式将其转化为历史/考古数据。就媒体理论而言,这一过程包括结构(非线性到线性)、认知(综合到连续)和句法(密集到非密集)特征的转换。对该群体社会学术背景下的卡片进行符号学分析表明,这些卡片不仅是方法论的中心,而且支持该群体的概念和方法论转变,并在其历史编纂中产生直接结果。因此,案例研究解决了数字人文学科中的一个重要问题,即知识工具在解释过去的学术研究中的概念作用。
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引用次数: 0
The Corpus of Stamp Seals from the Southern Levant Database 南黎凡特印章数据库
IF 0.7 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1086/727580
Stefan Münger, Nadia Ben-Marzouk, Ben Greet, Ido Koch
The Corpus of Stamp Seals from the Southern Levant (CSSL) database comprises some twelve thousand items from controlled excavations in Israel, Palestine, and Jordan, transforming and bringing to completion Othmar Keel’s pioneering vision to publish all seals and sealings from the region. The CSSL platform not only represents a newly available digital research tool for southern Levantine studies and related fields, but also aims at exploring innovative approaches to advance the digital study of glyptic more broadly. As the SNSF-funded Sinergia project Stamp Seals from the Southern Levant (SSSL) completes its goal, we ask: What comes next? This article provides an overview of the CSSL database; situates this new resource alongside other contemporary digital tools for the study of glyptic; and briefly reflects on the possibilities for more collaboration and integration across digital humanities projects.
来自南黎凡特的印章语料库(CSSL)数据库包括来自以色列,巴勒斯坦和约旦的受控发掘的约12,000件物品,改变并完成了Othmar Keel出版该地区所有印章和印章的开创性愿景。CSSL平台不仅为南黎凡特研究和相关领域提供了一种新的数字研究工具,而且还旨在探索创新方法,以更广泛地推进象形文字的数字研究。随着snsf资助的Sinergia项目“来自南黎凡特的印章”(SSSL)完成其目标,我们不禁要问:接下来会发生什么?本文提供了CSSL数据库的概述;将这个新资源与其他当代数字工具一起用于象形文字的研究;并简要地反映了数字人文项目之间更多协作和整合的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Some Highlights in Local versus Regional Glyptic Consumption in the Southern Levant during the Iron I 铁器时代南黎凡特地区甘草消费的一些特点
IF 0.7 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1086/727587
Nadia Ben-Marzouk
The southern Levant comprises a patchwork of diverse landscapes and communities whose connectivity fluctuated with the reorganization and termination of various economic, political, and social networks, at times expressing more similarity than difference among sites and regions. During the Iron I, communities in the southern Levant experienced the dissolution of Egypt’s colonial network, resulting in a range of responses. Building from previous research, this article utilizes the newly developed Corpus of Stamp Seals from the Southern Levant database to survey all stamp seals from excavated contexts dated to the Iron I to explore how the withdrawal of Egyptian power from the region affected the consumption of stamp seal amulets related to seal type, iconography, and stylistic date of production. Some highlights from that study are presented here to situate consumption practices within the broader landscape and to nuance our understanding of community response in the wake of political reorganization.
黎凡特南部由各种景观和社区组成,其连通性随着各种经济、政治和社会网络的重组和终止而波动,有时在地点和地区之间表现出更多的相似性而不是差异性。在铁器时代,黎凡特南部的社区经历了埃及殖民网络的解体,导致了一系列的反应。在先前研究的基础上,本文利用新开发的南黎凡特数据库的印章语料库来调查所有从铁器时期出土的印章,以探索埃及权力从该地区撤出如何影响与印章类型、图像和生产日期相关的印章护身符的消费。该研究的一些亮点在这里展示,以将消费实践置于更广泛的环境中,并使我们对政治重组后社区反应的理解有细微差别。
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引用次数: 0
Honoring a Legacy, Inviting a New Generation 尊重遗产,邀请新一代
IF 0.7 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1086/727573
Christoph Uehlinger
The aim of this introductory article is threefold: (1) to situate the Stamp Seals from the Southern Levant (SSSL) project in the broader history of twentieth-century glyptic research, especially with regard to Othmar Keel’s multivolume Corpus of Stamp Seals from Palestine/Israel launched in the 1980s; (2) to explain the SSSL project’s research design as a strategic response to that unfinished initiative, the intrinsic potential of stamp seals research, and the demands of a specific funding opportunity that emphasizes interdisciplinarity; (3) to consider SSSL as a trans-generational project, attentive to both transmission and innovation. The digital humanities transition offers crucial opportunities and challenges regarding all three aspects.
这篇介绍性文章的目的有三个:(1)将南黎凡特印章(SSSL)项目置于20世纪更广泛的象形文字研究历史中,特别是与奥斯马·基尔(Othmar Keel)于20世纪80年代推出的多卷本巴勒斯坦/以色列印章语料库有关;(2)解释SSSL项目的研究设计是对未完成计划的战略回应,印章研究的内在潜力,以及强调跨学科的特定资助机会的需求;(3)将SSSL视为一个跨代项目,既注重传承,又注重创新。数字人文转型在这三个方面都提供了重要的机遇和挑战。
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引用次数: 0
New Precedents and Insights from Stamp Seal Photography 印章摄影的新先例和启示
IF 0.7 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1086/727579
Ben Greet
As part of the Stamp Seals from the Southern Levant (SSSL) project, a program of photography of ca. 1150 stamp seals and seal impressions was undertaken over the course of 2022. Through the implementation of this large-scale photography program, two aspects came to the fore: (1) the necessity of publishing our photographic methodology to give context to the images of these stamp seals and seal impressions; and (2) several new insights into the seals were gained from this program concerning their material identification, perforation forms, and misalignment of base iconography. This article presents the publication of our photographic methodology, which we hope will not only serve to counteract potential misinterpretations of stamp seals and seal impressions from the region (e.g., color, orientation), but also set a precedent for the transparent discussion of these photographic processes in the future.
作为南黎凡特印章(SSSL)项目的一部分,在2022年期间进行了大约1150枚印章和印章印的摄影计划。通过这一大规模摄影计划的实施,两个方面凸显出来:(1)出版我们的摄影方法的必要性,以赋予这些印章和印章印痕的图像语境;(2)从这个项目中获得了关于密封材料识别、穿孔形式和基础图像错位的一些新见解。本文介绍了我们摄影方法的出版,我们希望这不仅有助于消除对该地区印章和印章印痕的潜在误解(例如,颜色,方向),而且还为未来对这些摄影过程的透明讨论树立了先例。
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引用次数: 0
From the Guest Editors 特邀编辑的话
IF 0.7 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1086/728755
Nadia Ben-Marzouk, Ben Greet
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引用次数: 0
Hebrew Seals 希伯来印章
IF 0.7 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1086/727585
Eythan Levy
The number of provenanced Iron Age Hebrew seals and seal impressions has seen a dramatic increase during the past decades. Avigad and Sass’s classical Corpus of West Semitic Stamp Seals, published in 1997, comprised 130 provenanced Iron Age Hebrew seals (including seals known only from impressions). Today, this number has risen to over 300 items, mostly owing to a wealth of new material from recent excavations in Jerusalem. The completion of the Stamp Seals of the Southern Levant (SSSL) project offers an opportunity to look back at the corpus of provenanced Hebrew seals and to reflect on the nature of the material. This article comprises a short introduction to Hebrew glyptics, a survey of the updated corpus, and a new typology of Hebrew seals.
在过去的几十年里,铁器时代的希伯来印章和印章印痕的数量急剧增加。阿维加德和萨斯的经典西闪米特印章语料库,出版于1997年,包括130个铁器时代的希伯来印章(包括只从印痕中知道的印章)。今天,这一数字已上升到300多件,主要是由于最近在耶路撒冷发掘的大量新材料。南黎凡特印章(SSSL)项目的完成提供了一个回顾希伯来印章的语料库并反思材料性质的机会。这篇文章包括一个简短的介绍,希伯来语的象形文字,调查更新的语料库,和一个新的类型学希伯来印章。
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引用次数: 0
Domestic Material Culture and Wealth Equality 国内物质文化与财富平等
IF 0.7 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1086/725773
Yoko Nishimura
This article measures differential accumulation of material wealth between houses at the intrasite level. The dwellings measured are located in two separate residential neighborhoods at the urban settlement of Titriş Höyük in southeastern Turkey. As proxies of the measurement, the author employed various architectural spaces, built-in features, and portable artifacts exposed from primary floor contexts, as well as grave inclusions from burials within the houses that were completely or partially excavated. Gini values are calculated for thirteen variables derived from the material culture. The results show that occupants of the houses shared a similar economic status from about 2300 to 2100 BCE. It is thought that a centrally planned construction of this settlement around 2300 BCE played a role in the more or less equal wealth distribution. This type of comparative research necessitates a fine-grained excavation record of domestic floors and intramural tombs, both of which are available at Titriş.
这篇文章衡量了房屋内部物质财富积累的差异。测量的住宅位于土耳其东南部titriek Höyük城市定居点的两个独立住宅区。作为测量的代表,作者采用了各种建筑空间、内置功能、从底层环境暴露出来的便携式文物,以及房屋内完全或部分挖掘出来的墓葬中的坟墓内含物。基尼系数是根据来自物质文化的13个变量来计算的。结果表明,从公元前2300年到2100年,这些房屋的居住者享有相似的经济地位。人们认为,公元前2300年左右,这个定居点的中央计划建设在或多或少平等的财富分配中发挥了作用。这种类型的比较研究需要对国内地板和内部墓葬进行细致的挖掘记录,这两者都可以在提特里伊姆找到。
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引用次数: 0
Fiscal Year 2023 Honor Roll 2023财政年度荣誉榜
IF 0.7 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1086/727501
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引用次数: 0
Immersing in Mesopotamia 沉浸在美索不达米亚
IF 0.7 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1086/725775
Peter J. Cobb, J. Nieminen
Immersive technologies and 3D modeling hold the potential for improving how we teach students about archaeological topics, especially the spatial and visual aspects of the past. This article presents a rapid exploratory pilot experiment that deployed virtual reality (VR) devices for remote group tours of sites within an introductory Mesopotamian archaeology university course. Creating the 3D models of the sites took the most time, so it is hoped that future publication norms will encourage the direct sharing of models for reuse. Through student interviews, the authors found that students could remember and explain the spatial layouts of the sites presented in VR better than those presented by traditional means. Students also informed about challenges with using the technology and their enjoyment of interacting with the sites and other students in this new way. Future archaeological teaching with VR will build upon the practical knowledge gained from this initial pilot.
沉浸式技术和3D建模有可能改善我们教授学生关于考古主题的方式,特别是过去的空间和视觉方面。本文介绍了一个快速探索性试点实验,该实验部署了虚拟现实(VR)设备,用于美索不达米亚考古大学入门课程中的远程团体参观。创建网站的3D模型花费了大部分时间,因此希望未来的出版规范将鼓励直接共享模型以进行重用。通过对学生的访谈,笔者发现学生对VR呈现的场地空间布局的记忆和解释能力优于传统呈现方式。学生们还了解了使用这项技术的挑战,以及他们以这种新方式与网站和其他学生互动的乐趣。未来的VR考古教学将建立在这个初步试点中获得的实践知识的基础上。
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NEAR EASTERN ARCHAEOLOGY
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