Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-119-127
D. S. Sudakov, A. S. Kovalchuk, A. L. Buzmakova, S. N. Kozlovsky, A. N. Kucheryavenko
Listeriosis mainly affects immunocompromised people, including pregnant women. Listeriosis is 17 times more common in pregnancy than in the population and lead to severe complications for the fetus or newborn. In Russia 644 cases of listeriosis were registered from 2005 to 2017. Every case of listeriosis in pregnant women requires a special analysis. This will increase the alertness of doctors and their awareness of the features of this disease and its treatment in pregnant women. Aims – to study the features of listeriosis in the third trimester of pregnancy, the outcomes of the disease for the pregnant woman and the fetus. Materials and methods. We studied 4 cases of listeriosis in the third trimester of pregnancy, identified in the Clinical Infectious Hospital named after S.P. Botkin in the period from 2020 to 2021. Results. All patients were admitted to the hospital in the third trimester of pregnancy with suspected acute respiratory viral infection, from 1 to 4 days after the onset of the disease. The leading symptom was fever. Leukocytosis was in a clinical blood test, and the value of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin were increased. L. monocytogenes was identified after childbirth during bacteriological examination of mothers and newborns. All the women gave birth during the first day after admission to the hospital. Two women had vaginal deliveries, and two women delivered by cesarean section. All children were born alive, but they all were transferred to the children’s hospital for additional treatment. Finally, one child died, and the other three recovered. Conclusions. Listeriosis of pregnant women is a severe infectious disease that leads to perinatal losses. The search for laboratory techniques that could be widely and routinely used in pregnant women with fever for early identification of L. monocytogenes is relevant. Early identification of this pathogen will make it possible to reasonably choose antibiotics and their dosages, improve prognoses for mother and child.
{"title":"Listeriosis in the third trimester of pregnancy: the course of the disease and outcomes for the mother and fetus","authors":"D. S. Sudakov, A. S. Kovalchuk, A. L. Buzmakova, S. N. Kozlovsky, A. N. Kucheryavenko","doi":"10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-119-127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-119-127","url":null,"abstract":"Listeriosis mainly affects immunocompromised people, including pregnant women. Listeriosis is 17 times more common in pregnancy than in the population and lead to severe complications for the fetus or newborn. In Russia 644 cases of listeriosis were registered from 2005 to 2017. Every case of listeriosis in pregnant women requires a special analysis. This will increase the alertness of doctors and their awareness of the features of this disease and its treatment in pregnant women. Aims – to study the features of listeriosis in the third trimester of pregnancy, the outcomes of the disease for the pregnant woman and the fetus. Materials and methods. We studied 4 cases of listeriosis in the third trimester of pregnancy, identified in the Clinical Infectious Hospital named after S.P. Botkin in the period from 2020 to 2021. Results. All patients were admitted to the hospital in the third trimester of pregnancy with suspected acute respiratory viral infection, from 1 to 4 days after the onset of the disease. The leading symptom was fever. Leukocytosis was in a clinical blood test, and the value of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin were increased. L. monocytogenes was identified after childbirth during bacteriological examination of mothers and newborns. All the women gave birth during the first day after admission to the hospital. Two women had vaginal deliveries, and two women delivered by cesarean section. All children were born alive, but they all were transferred to the children’s hospital for additional treatment. Finally, one child died, and the other three recovered. Conclusions. Listeriosis of pregnant women is a severe infectious disease that leads to perinatal losses. The search for laboratory techniques that could be widely and routinely used in pregnant women with fever for early identification of L. monocytogenes is relevant. Early identification of this pathogen will make it possible to reasonably choose antibiotics and their dosages, improve prognoses for mother and child.","PeriodicalId":52123,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Infektologii","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135919594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-83-91
O. N. Scheglovitova, L. V. Kolobukhina, A. A. Babayants, I. S. Frolova, E. I. Isaeva, I. S. Kruzhkova, A. A. Samkov, N. A. Antipyat, I. N. Tyurin, A. N. Narovliansky, F. I. Ershov
Goal. Characteristics of innate, cellular and adaptive immunity in patients of the older age group with COVID19. Materials and methods. Blood leukocytes were induced by Newcastle disease virus (α-interferon), phytohemagglutinin (γ-interferon), SARS CoV 2: RBD antigens and S-protein; interferon activity in human fibroblast culture and enzyme immunoassay were evaluated. In serum, IgG antibodies to SARS CoV2 and autoantibodies to interferon and to the endothelium of blood vessels were determined using a mono-layer of human umbilical vein cells. Statistical processing was performed in Excel 2016. Results. A decrease in the production of α-interferon and γ-interferon was revealed: 1 week -74.2±15.1; 3 week-144.0±35.7 (p=0.01); control – 266.6 ±82 (relative to 3 weeks p=0.004) and IFN γ: 1 week -6.8±2; 3 week – 14.4 ±3.5 (p=0.03); control – 28.87.15 (relative to 3 weeks (p=0.007). Decreased production of γ-interferon by leukocytes of patients with induction by SARS CoV2 RBD and S-trimer anti-gens was revealed. Antibodies to SARS CoV2 were detected starting from the 2nd week of the disease, a large spread of indicators was noted. Autoantibodies to α2-interferon and to vascular surface antigens were detected. Conclusion. The state of innate immunity in patients of the older age group with severe and moderate COVID-19 was characterized by a decrease in the activity of the interferon system. Decreased activity of cellular immunity to SARS CoV2 antigens was noted. Adaptive immunity was characterized by the development of an imbalance in the form of the appearance of autoantibodies to α-interferon and vascular endothelium.
{"title":"Features of the functioning of the innate and adaptive immunity system in patients with COVID-19 of the older age group","authors":"O. N. Scheglovitova, L. V. Kolobukhina, A. A. Babayants, I. S. Frolova, E. I. Isaeva, I. S. Kruzhkova, A. A. Samkov, N. A. Antipyat, I. N. Tyurin, A. N. Narovliansky, F. I. Ershov","doi":"10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-83-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-83-91","url":null,"abstract":"Goal. Characteristics of innate, cellular and adaptive immunity in patients of the older age group with COVID19. Materials and methods. Blood leukocytes were induced by Newcastle disease virus (α-interferon), phytohemagglutinin (γ-interferon), SARS CoV 2: RBD antigens and S-protein; interferon activity in human fibroblast culture and enzyme immunoassay were evaluated. In serum, IgG antibodies to SARS CoV2 and autoantibodies to interferon and to the endothelium of blood vessels were determined using a mono-layer of human umbilical vein cells. Statistical processing was performed in Excel 2016. Results. A decrease in the production of α-interferon and γ-interferon was revealed: 1 week -74.2±15.1; 3 week-144.0±35.7 (p=0.01); control – 266.6 ±82 (relative to 3 weeks p=0.004) and IFN γ: 1 week -6.8±2; 3 week – 14.4 ±3.5 (p=0.03); control – 28.87.15 (relative to 3 weeks (p=0.007). Decreased production of γ-interferon by leukocytes of patients with induction by SARS CoV2 RBD and S-trimer anti-gens was revealed. Antibodies to SARS CoV2 were detected starting from the 2nd week of the disease, a large spread of indicators was noted. Autoantibodies to α2-interferon and to vascular surface antigens were detected. Conclusion. The state of innate immunity in patients of the older age group with severe and moderate COVID-19 was characterized by a decrease in the activity of the interferon system. Decreased activity of cellular immunity to SARS CoV2 antigens was noted. Adaptive immunity was characterized by the development of an imbalance in the form of the appearance of autoantibodies to α-interferon and vascular endothelium.","PeriodicalId":52123,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Infektologii","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135923046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-67-76
A. M. Korolyuk, L. A. Zazimko, V. N. Kraeva, Yu. A. Koromzin, E. A. Ruzanova, A. A. Ekimov, N. N. Savina, E. V. Ryskova, V. P. Trukhin
Purpose: To study the reactogenicity, safety and immunogenicity of the Russian vaccine Flu-M in comparison with Vaxigrip vaccine for influenza prevention in children aged from 6 months to 9 years (phase III). Materials and Methods. In 2021, a clinical study was conducted in which children aged 6 months to 9 years were immunized with Flu-M vaccine (produced by SPbSRIVS, Russia) and Vaxigrip vaccine (produced by Sanofi Pasteur S.A., France). After randomization one group of children was vaccinated with Flu-M, the other with Vaxigrip, and monitored for 180±3 days after vaccination. Children vaccinated between 3 and 9 years of age were studied in phase I, and between 6 months and 3 years of age in phase II. Tolerability and safety were assessed by the frequency and extent of adverse events, as well as by the assessment of vital signs and physical examination. Immunological efficacy assessment criteria were geometric mean antibody titer, seroconversion level, seroconversion factor, seroprotection level. Results. Both vaccines (Flu-M and Vaxigrip) were shown to be well tolerated by children of both age groups. No serious adverse events or severe adverse events were reported in the study. Immunological efficacy criteria were achieved for both vaccines for all strains of influenza virus in children of both age groups at 28 and 56 days after vaccination. No cases of influenza or acute respiratory infections were seen at 180±3 days postvaccination. Conclusion. The results of the clinical study show that the Flu-M and Vaxigrip vaccines are comparable in both age groups of children.The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT 05470582).
{"title":"Clinical trial of tolerability, safety, and immunogenicity of the Russian influenza inactivated split vaccine Flu-m in children from 6 months to 9 years of age","authors":"A. M. Korolyuk, L. A. Zazimko, V. N. Kraeva, Yu. A. Koromzin, E. A. Ruzanova, A. A. Ekimov, N. N. Savina, E. V. Ryskova, V. P. Trukhin","doi":"10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-67-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-67-76","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To study the reactogenicity, safety and immunogenicity of the Russian vaccine Flu-M in comparison with Vaxigrip vaccine for influenza prevention in children aged from 6 months to 9 years (phase III). Materials and Methods. In 2021, a clinical study was conducted in which children aged 6 months to 9 years were immunized with Flu-M vaccine (produced by SPbSRIVS, Russia) and Vaxigrip vaccine (produced by Sanofi Pasteur S.A., France). After randomization one group of children was vaccinated with Flu-M, the other with Vaxigrip, and monitored for 180±3 days after vaccination. Children vaccinated between 3 and 9 years of age were studied in phase I, and between 6 months and 3 years of age in phase II. Tolerability and safety were assessed by the frequency and extent of adverse events, as well as by the assessment of vital signs and physical examination. Immunological efficacy assessment criteria were geometric mean antibody titer, seroconversion level, seroconversion factor, seroprotection level. Results. Both vaccines (Flu-M and Vaxigrip) were shown to be well tolerated by children of both age groups. No serious adverse events or severe adverse events were reported in the study. Immunological efficacy criteria were achieved for both vaccines for all strains of influenza virus in children of both age groups at 28 and 56 days after vaccination. No cases of influenza or acute respiratory infections were seen at 180±3 days postvaccination. Conclusion. The results of the clinical study show that the Flu-M and Vaxigrip vaccines are comparable in both age groups of children.The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT 05470582).","PeriodicalId":52123,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Infektologii","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135923197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-51-59
N. V. Sizova, Yu. K. Plotnikova, T. E. Shimonova, O. E. Chernova, E. S. Ivanova, E. S. Obizhaeva, V. F. Achikyan
Objective. To assess durability of antiretroviral therapy in first line in HIV-infected patients in real clinical practice in the Russian Federation and determine association between basic clinical and demographic characteristics and durability of treatment. Materials and methods. A non-interventional retrospective study was conducted collecting data from primary medical records of HIV-infected patients who signed informed consent form and had started antiretroviral therapy in first line. Patients were enrolled if the third component was a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) or ritonavir boosted protease inhibitor (PI/r) plus two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Also, patients must have been followed up for at least 96 since start of treatment. Durability of therapy was retrospectively assessed at 48±8 and 96±8. Results. 536 patients were enrolled. Percentage of patients without change of therapy was approximately 76% and 60%, and the mean duration of therapy without changes was approximately 47 and 79 weeks at 48±8 and 96±8 weeks, correspondingly. Durability of treatment was not different for NNRTI+2NRTIs and PI/r+2NRTIs. Only age ≥ 40 years as a basic characteristic was associated with ART change prior to 96 weeks: OR=1.391, 95% CI 1.005-1.925. Conclusions. In real clinical practice in Russia, durability of first-line antiretroviral therapy corresponds published scientific data (in terms of percentage of patients without change of treatment and its duration without change). Durability of treatment and factors associated with its early switch or stop should be investigated in prospective studies further.
目标。评估俄罗斯联邦实际临床实践中艾滋病毒感染患者一线抗逆转录病毒治疗的持久性，并确定基本临床和人口统计学特征与治疗持久性之间的关系。材料和方法。进行了一项非介入性回顾性研究，收集了签署知情同意书并在一线开始抗逆转录病毒治疗的艾滋病毒感染患者的基本医疗记录数据。如果第三种成分是非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂(NNRTI)或利托那韦增强蛋白酶抑制剂(PI/r)加两种核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂(NRTIs)，则入组患者。此外，自治疗开始以来，患者必须至少随访96年。回顾性评估治疗的持续时间分别为48±8和96±8。结果:536例患者入组。未改变治疗方案的患者比例分别约为76%和60%，未改变治疗方案的平均持续时间分别约为47周和79周，分别为48±8周和96±8周。NNRTI+ 2nrti和PI/r+ 2nrti的治疗持久性无显著差异。只有年龄≥40岁作为基本特征与96周前ART变化相关:OR=1.391, 95% CI 1.005-1.925。结论。在俄罗斯的实际临床实践中，一线抗逆转录病毒治疗的持续时间与已发表的科学数据相对应(以未改变治疗方法的患者百分比和未改变治疗方法的持续时间计算)。治疗的持久性和与早期转换或停止治疗相关的因素应在前瞻性研究中进一步调查。
{"title":"Durability of first-line antiretroviral treatment in the Russian Federation: retrospective study","authors":"N. V. Sizova, Yu. K. Plotnikova, T. E. Shimonova, O. E. Chernova, E. S. Ivanova, E. S. Obizhaeva, V. F. Achikyan","doi":"10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-51-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-51-59","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To assess durability of antiretroviral therapy in first line in HIV-infected patients in real clinical practice in the Russian Federation and determine association between basic clinical and demographic characteristics and durability of treatment. Materials and methods. A non-interventional retrospective study was conducted collecting data from primary medical records of HIV-infected patients who signed informed consent form and had started antiretroviral therapy in first line. Patients were enrolled if the third component was a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) or ritonavir boosted protease inhibitor (PI/r) plus two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Also, patients must have been followed up for at least 96 since start of treatment. Durability of therapy was retrospectively assessed at 48±8 and 96±8. Results. 536 patients were enrolled. Percentage of patients without change of therapy was approximately 76% and 60%, and the mean duration of therapy without changes was approximately 47 and 79 weeks at 48±8 and 96±8 weeks, correspondingly. Durability of treatment was not different for NNRTI+2NRTIs and PI/r+2NRTIs. Only age ≥ 40 years as a basic characteristic was associated with ART change prior to 96 weeks: OR=1.391, 95% CI 1.005-1.925. Conclusions. In real clinical practice in Russia, durability of first-line antiretroviral therapy corresponds published scientific data (in terms of percentage of patients without change of treatment and its duration without change). Durability of treatment and factors associated with its early switch or stop should be investigated in prospective studies further.","PeriodicalId":52123,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Infektologii","volume":"299 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135922897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-60-66
T. L. Karonova, I. N. Korsakov, A. A. Mikhailova, D. I. Lagutina, A. T. Chernikova, М. A. Vashukova, M. A. Smolnikova, D. A. Gusev, A. O. Konradi, E. V. Shlyakhto
Aim. To create algorithm and risk calculator for predicting the lethal outcome in patients with COVID-19. Materials and methods. Based on machine learning approach mortality risk calculator was developed in Almazov National Medical Research Centre using data of the hospitalised patients with an established diagnosis of COVID-19 (n=4071). Results. This mathematical model, which includes 11 significant features, has been proposed for estimation of fatal outcomes in the Clinical Infectious Hospital named after S.P. Botkin. Some key features were not assessed in most hospitals according to accepted standards of care for COVID-19. So systematic analysis of factors affecting the course of disease in patients (n=2876) were conducted and «urea» and «total protein» were replaced with «sex» and «BMI». Modified algorithm demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion. This calculator is able to predict hospitalisation outcome with high accuracy in patients infected with different strains of SARS-CoV-2. This decision support system may be used for risk stratification and following correct patients routing.
{"title":"An artificial intelligence approach for prognosis of COVID-19 course in hospitalized patients","authors":"T. L. Karonova, I. N. Korsakov, A. A. Mikhailova, D. I. Lagutina, A. T. Chernikova, М. A. Vashukova, M. A. Smolnikova, D. A. Gusev, A. O. Konradi, E. V. Shlyakhto","doi":"10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-60-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-60-66","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To create algorithm and risk calculator for predicting the lethal outcome in patients with COVID-19. Materials and methods. Based on machine learning approach mortality risk calculator was developed in Almazov National Medical Research Centre using data of the hospitalised patients with an established diagnosis of COVID-19 (n=4071). Results. This mathematical model, which includes 11 significant features, has been proposed for estimation of fatal outcomes in the Clinical Infectious Hospital named after S.P. Botkin. Some key features were not assessed in most hospitals according to accepted standards of care for COVID-19. So systematic analysis of factors affecting the course of disease in patients (n=2876) were conducted and «urea» and «total protein» were replaced with «sex» and «BMI». Modified algorithm demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion. This calculator is able to predict hospitalisation outcome with high accuracy in patients infected with different strains of SARS-CoV-2. This decision support system may be used for risk stratification and following correct patients routing.","PeriodicalId":52123,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Infektologii","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135922899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-39-43
M. A. Irikova, E. Yu. Skripchenko, V. B. Voitenkov, N. V. Marchenko, N. V. Skripchenko, O. V. Goleva, I. B. Petrov
The aim: to characterize the clinical and etiological features of facial palsy (FP) in children of different ages at the present stage and their correlation with the outcome and duration of the disease. Materials and methods: the data of 68 children with FP were obtained. The neurological examination with an assessment of the level of facial nerve damage and the severity of FP using the House-Brackmann scale (HB), the concomitant symptoms and the etiological verification of a possible infectious agent were performed to all children. Also, their correlation with the outcomes and duration of the disease were assessed. Results: in the etiological structure infectious FP are more common in children under 12 years of age, with a predominance of herpesviruses and enteroviruses, whereas, more than half of the cases in children over the age of 12 years are idiopathic (Bell’s palsy), less often herpesviruses. A longer course and the probability of an unfavorable are significantly more often observed in the group of children under 12 years of age. There was also a significant correlation between the severity of FP according to HB with the outcomes and duration of the disease. Conclusion: The results confirm the importance and necessity of laboratory confirmation of a possible etiological agent associated with the development of FP. The severity of FP doesn’t depend on the age of the child, but correlates with the outcome and duration of the disease, more less with the synkinesia. A promising direction for further research is to clarify the climatic factors affecting the incidence of FP.
{"title":"Clinical and etiological features of peadiatric facial neuropathy and their role in predicting outcomes","authors":"M. A. Irikova, E. Yu. Skripchenko, V. B. Voitenkov, N. V. Marchenko, N. V. Skripchenko, O. V. Goleva, I. B. Petrov","doi":"10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-39-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-39-43","url":null,"abstract":"The aim: to characterize the clinical and etiological features of facial palsy (FP) in children of different ages at the present stage and their correlation with the outcome and duration of the disease. Materials and methods: the data of 68 children with FP were obtained. The neurological examination with an assessment of the level of facial nerve damage and the severity of FP using the House-Brackmann scale (HB), the concomitant symptoms and the etiological verification of a possible infectious agent were performed to all children. Also, their correlation with the outcomes and duration of the disease were assessed. Results: in the etiological structure infectious FP are more common in children under 12 years of age, with a predominance of herpesviruses and enteroviruses, whereas, more than half of the cases in children over the age of 12 years are idiopathic (Bell’s palsy), less often herpesviruses. A longer course and the probability of an unfavorable are significantly more often observed in the group of children under 12 years of age. There was also a significant correlation between the severity of FP according to HB with the outcomes and duration of the disease. Conclusion: The results confirm the importance and necessity of laboratory confirmation of a possible etiological agent associated with the development of FP. The severity of FP doesn’t depend on the age of the child, but correlates with the outcome and duration of the disease, more less with the synkinesia. A promising direction for further research is to clarify the climatic factors affecting the incidence of FP.","PeriodicalId":52123,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Infektologii","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135923045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-77-82
S. A. Magomedova, V. V. Makashova, E. A. Arbulieva, Z. G. Tagirova, A. A. Karlsen, M. A. Lopatukhina, O. V. Isaeva, K. K. Kyuregyan, M. I. Mikhailov
Aim: The analysis of the incidence of hepatitis B in the Republic of Dagestan (RD) and clinical and epidemiological characteristics of HBV/HDV coinfection in the region. Materials and Methods. The dynamics of the hepatitis B incidence rates and the coverage of vaccination against this infection in the RD in 2008-2022 were analyzed based on the data from of the statistical forms of Rospotrebnadzor. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics of delta hepatitis were analyzed in 371 patients under dispensary observation at the Republican Center for Infectious Diseases named after S.-А.М. Magomedov. Results. Over the past 10 years, the incidence of CHB in the RD has increased more than 4.5 times, from 1.4 per 100 thousand population in 2008 to 6.7 per 100 thousand population in 2022. A decrease in the rates of hepatitis B child immunization in the RD is observed since 2009. Hepatitis B vaccination coverage rates in adult population fell sharply after 2010, both in the RD and in the Russian Federation on average. The frequency of HDV co-infection in persons infected with HBV in the RD is 13.8%, but reaches 15% in some regions of the republic, indicating the moderate level of endemicity. Patients with HBV/HDV coinfection are predominantly males aged 25–45 years with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis. All cases of HDV infection in the RD are caused by viral genotype 1. Conclusions. The obtained results testify to the significance of the problem of hepatitis B and delta in the RD. The number of identified patients and, accordingly, the rate of co-infection, apparently, will increase with the expansion of screening for markers of HDV infection, when patients who were registered as HBsAg carriers will be examined according to the patient routing guidelines. The late diagnosis of delta hepatitis in RD and the limited possibilities of antiviral therapy are another significant issues.
{"title":"Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of D hepatitis В and delta in the Republic of Dagestan","authors":"S. A. Magomedova, V. V. Makashova, E. A. Arbulieva, Z. G. Tagirova, A. A. Karlsen, M. A. Lopatukhina, O. V. Isaeva, K. K. Kyuregyan, M. I. Mikhailov","doi":"10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-77-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-77-82","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The analysis of the incidence of hepatitis B in the Republic of Dagestan (RD) and clinical and epidemiological characteristics of HBV/HDV coinfection in the region. Materials and Methods. The dynamics of the hepatitis B incidence rates and the coverage of vaccination against this infection in the RD in 2008-2022 were analyzed based on the data from of the statistical forms of Rospotrebnadzor. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics of delta hepatitis were analyzed in 371 patients under dispensary observation at the Republican Center for Infectious Diseases named after S.-А.М. Magomedov. Results. Over the past 10 years, the incidence of CHB in the RD has increased more than 4.5 times, from 1.4 per 100 thousand population in 2008 to 6.7 per 100 thousand population in 2022. A decrease in the rates of hepatitis B child immunization in the RD is observed since 2009. Hepatitis B vaccination coverage rates in adult population fell sharply after 2010, both in the RD and in the Russian Federation on average. The frequency of HDV co-infection in persons infected with HBV in the RD is 13.8%, but reaches 15% in some regions of the republic, indicating the moderate level of endemicity. Patients with HBV/HDV coinfection are predominantly males aged 25–45 years with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis. All cases of HDV infection in the RD are caused by viral genotype 1. Conclusions. The obtained results testify to the significance of the problem of hepatitis B and delta in the RD. The number of identified patients and, accordingly, the rate of co-infection, apparently, will increase with the expansion of screening for markers of HDV infection, when patients who were registered as HBsAg carriers will be examined according to the patient routing guidelines. The late diagnosis of delta hepatitis in RD and the limited possibilities of antiviral therapy are another significant issues.","PeriodicalId":52123,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Infektologii","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135922900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-92-109
E. A. Krieger, A. V. Pavlenko, Yu. P. Esin, A. L. Arkhipova, S. N. Kovalchuk, L. L. Shagrov, N. I. Belova, N. P. Tsyvareva, A. V. Kudryavtsev, E. N. Ilina
Objective: to estimate the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in the resistome of adult residents of Arkhangelsk with regard to the severity of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted between October and November 2022 (2.5 years after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic) on a random sample (N=455) of Arkhangelsk population aged 42-76 years. The data collection involved a questionnaire survey, assessment of immunoglobulins G to S-, S2, N-proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and detection of antibiotic resistance genes in fecal samples by polymerase chain reaction. Results. Almost all participants (98.5%) had at least one antibiotic resistance gene, the resistance determinants to three classes of antibiotics simultaneously were detected in 5.6%. The prevalence of resistance genes to macrolides was 98.5%, to beta-lactams – 29.0%, and to glycopeptides – 16.0%. Antibiotic resistance genes to beta-lactams were more prevalent among participants who had previously been hospitalized for COVID-19 (44.8%) and among those having had frequent acute respiratory infections (50.0%). Individuals vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 (26.6%) and participants with cardiovascular diseases (17.0%) were less likely to have beta-lactam resistance genes. Conclusion. The high prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes has been revealed in the resistome of adult residents of Arkhangelsk. We determined the association between resistance to beta-lactams and COVID-19 severity. The study results could be used to improve the protocols of antibiotic therapy and to guide a decision-making related to the antibiotic prescription in adults.
{"title":"Prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in resistome of adult residents of Arkhangelsk with regard to the severity of COVID-19","authors":"E. A. Krieger, A. V. Pavlenko, Yu. P. Esin, A. L. Arkhipova, S. N. Kovalchuk, L. L. Shagrov, N. I. Belova, N. P. Tsyvareva, A. V. Kudryavtsev, E. N. Ilina","doi":"10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-92-109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-92-109","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to estimate the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in the resistome of adult residents of Arkhangelsk with regard to the severity of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted between October and November 2022 (2.5 years after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic) on a random sample (N=455) of Arkhangelsk population aged 42-76 years. The data collection involved a questionnaire survey, assessment of immunoglobulins G to S-, S2, N-proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and detection of antibiotic resistance genes in fecal samples by polymerase chain reaction. Results. Almost all participants (98.5%) had at least one antibiotic resistance gene, the resistance determinants to three classes of antibiotics simultaneously were detected in 5.6%. The prevalence of resistance genes to macrolides was 98.5%, to beta-lactams – 29.0%, and to glycopeptides – 16.0%. Antibiotic resistance genes to beta-lactams were more prevalent among participants who had previously been hospitalized for COVID-19 (44.8%) and among those having had frequent acute respiratory infections (50.0%). Individuals vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 (26.6%) and participants with cardiovascular diseases (17.0%) were less likely to have beta-lactam resistance genes. Conclusion. The high prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes has been revealed in the resistome of adult residents of Arkhangelsk. We determined the association between resistance to beta-lactams and COVID-19 severity. The study results could be used to improve the protocols of antibiotic therapy and to guide a decision-making related to the antibiotic prescription in adults.","PeriodicalId":52123,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Infektologii","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135923032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-110-118
S. L. Bevza, O. V. Molochkova, O. B. Kovalev, O. V. Shamsheva, A. A. Sakharova, A. A. Korsunsky, M. V. Parshina, K. G. Burkova, E. A. Labuzova, N. V. Sokolova
The urgency of the problem of community-acquired pneumonia in children is due to the high incidence rate. In the etiological structure of bacterial pneumonia, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumonia (Mp) prevail. Purpose: to identify clinical, laboratory and instrumental features of mycoplasmal pneumonia in children. Materials and methods. A retrospective, single-center cohort study of 266 case histories of children aged 4 months to 17 years who were in Children’s City Clinical Hospital No. 9 in 2019 with a referral diagnosis of pneumonia was carried out. To verify the diagnosis of pneumonia, the method of chest X-ray was used, for the etiological diagnosis, the method of PCR swabs from the nasopharynx, ELISA for the detection of antibodies of the IgM and IgG classes was used. Results. The diagnosis of pneumonia was confirmed in 190 children. The diagnosis of pneumonia caused by M. pneumoniae (MpP) was established in 76 (40%) children, they made up the 1st group. The remaining 114 (60%) children with community-acquired pneumonia of another etiology (CAP) made up the 2nd group – comparisons. The diagnosis of MpP was confirmed in 46 (60.5%) children by the detection of IgM, in 12 (15.8%) by the detection of Mp genetic material, and in 18 (23.7%) by positive both IgM and PCR. The median age of children in the group with MpP was 9.6 years, in the comparison group – 4 years (p<0.01). Significantly more often MpP occurs in children aged 11–17 years (p < 0.01), and CAP – up to 7 years (p < 0.01). With MpP, catarrhal phenomena in the form of hyperemia of the oropharynx, nasal congestion, and unproductive cough are observed less frequently than with CAP. With MpP, rales in the lungs are heard more often than with CAP, they are significantly more often wet (p<0.01). Respiratory failure and dyspnea are less common in MpP than in CAP. Bilateral lesions and lesions of the upper lobe of the lungs are more often detected in MpP, and in CAP – right-sided lesions. In the general blood test, leukocytosis, incl. above 15 thousand/µl, as well as leukopenia below 4 thousand/µl were significantly more frequent in the group of patients with CAP (p<0.01). Conclusion. No clear clinical and laboratory criteria for mycoplasmal etiology of pneumonia have been obtained, which dictates the need for laboratory confirmation for the choice of therapy tactics.
{"title":"Comparative characteristics of pneumonia caused by <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> in children","authors":"S. L. Bevza, O. V. Molochkova, O. B. Kovalev, O. V. Shamsheva, A. A. Sakharova, A. A. Korsunsky, M. V. Parshina, K. G. Burkova, E. A. Labuzova, N. V. Sokolova","doi":"10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-110-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-110-118","url":null,"abstract":"The urgency of the problem of community-acquired pneumonia in children is due to the high incidence rate. In the etiological structure of bacterial pneumonia, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumonia (Mp) prevail. Purpose: to identify clinical, laboratory and instrumental features of mycoplasmal pneumonia in children. Materials and methods. A retrospective, single-center cohort study of 266 case histories of children aged 4 months to 17 years who were in Children’s City Clinical Hospital No. 9 in 2019 with a referral diagnosis of pneumonia was carried out. To verify the diagnosis of pneumonia, the method of chest X-ray was used, for the etiological diagnosis, the method of PCR swabs from the nasopharynx, ELISA for the detection of antibodies of the IgM and IgG classes was used. Results. The diagnosis of pneumonia was confirmed in 190 children. The diagnosis of pneumonia caused by M. pneumoniae (MpP) was established in 76 (40%) children, they made up the 1st group. The remaining 114 (60%) children with community-acquired pneumonia of another etiology (CAP) made up the 2nd group – comparisons. The diagnosis of MpP was confirmed in 46 (60.5%) children by the detection of IgM, in 12 (15.8%) by the detection of Mp genetic material, and in 18 (23.7%) by positive both IgM and PCR. The median age of children in the group with MpP was 9.6 years, in the comparison group – 4 years (p<0.01). Significantly more often MpP occurs in children aged 11–17 years (p < 0.01), and CAP – up to 7 years (p < 0.01). With MpP, catarrhal phenomena in the form of hyperemia of the oropharynx, nasal congestion, and unproductive cough are observed less frequently than with CAP. With MpP, rales in the lungs are heard more often than with CAP, they are significantly more often wet (p<0.01). Respiratory failure and dyspnea are less common in MpP than in CAP. Bilateral lesions and lesions of the upper lobe of the lungs are more often detected in MpP, and in CAP – right-sided lesions. In the general blood test, leukocytosis, incl. above 15 thousand/µl, as well as leukopenia below 4 thousand/µl were significantly more frequent in the group of patients with CAP (p<0.01). Conclusion. No clear clinical and laboratory criteria for mycoplasmal etiology of pneumonia have been obtained, which dictates the need for laboratory confirmation for the choice of therapy tactics.","PeriodicalId":52123,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Infektologii","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135922895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-44-50
V. N. Gorodin, D. L. Moysova, A. D. Surkova
All currently existing studies of the hemostasis system in COVID-19 using thromboelastography (TEG) were performed on the delta strain of SARS-CoV-2, while there is no information in the literature on conducting such studies in patients infected with the current omicron strain. Research objective. To determine the state of the hemostasis system in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (omicron strain) using TEG. To assess the relevance of existing guidelines on anticoagulant therapy. Materials and methods. TEG was performed in 93 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 aged 1 to 88 years, of which 66 patients (group 1) on the first day and 27 patients (group 2) – on the second day. For comparison with the parameters of healthy volunteers, a sample of 30 people was formed. Data analysis was performed using the Statistica, version 12 (StatSoft, USA). To compare the independent variable in more than two samples, a multivariate ANOVA analysis of variance was performed with the calculation of the Kruskal-Wallis test. To assess the relationships between continuous variables, the Spearman direct linear correlation coefficient (r) was determined. Results. 53% of patients had hypocoagulation, 31% had normocoagulation, and 16% had hypercoagulation. Elderly patients (61 [26–72]) more often have developed hypocoagulation. Young patients (24.5 [7–37]) more often have developed hypercoagulation. Routine methods for assessing hemostasis did not reflect its true state. Higher levels of fibrinogen (4.5 [5.8–4] g/l) and D-dimer (1.28 [0.5–2.77] µg/ ml) were observed in patients from the group with normocoagulation. Was revealed a statistical tendency towards an increase in the level of amylase when there was an increase in the coagulation properties of the blood. Conclusion. With the current course of COVID-19 and early admission of non-severe patients to the hospital, normocoagulation and hypocoagulation predominate. Elderly and senile patients are not recommended to prescribe anticoagulants without TEG. It is necessary to specify the recommendations for prescribing anticoagulants to hospitalized patients. For the diagnosis of hemostasis disorders expand application of TEG.
目前所有使用血栓弹性成像(TEG)对COVID-19止血系统的研究都是在SARS-CoV-2的delta菌株上进行的，而文献中没有关于在感染当前omicron菌株的患者中进行此类研究的信息。研究目标。目的:应用TEG检测新冠肺炎(omicron株)住院患者的止血系统状态。评估现有抗凝治疗指南的相关性。材料和方法。对93例1 ~ 88岁的新冠肺炎住院患者进行TEG，其中第一天66例(1组)，第二天27例(2组)。为了与健康志愿者的参数进行比较，形成了30人的样本。使用Statistica, version 12 (StatSoft, USA)进行数据分析。为了比较两个以上样本的自变量，通过计算Kruskal-Wallis检验，对方差进行多变量方差分析。为了评估连续变量之间的关系，确定了Spearman直接线性相关系数(r)。结果:53%的患者低凝，31%的患者凝血正常，16%的患者高凝。老年患者(61[26-72])更常发生低凝。年轻患者(24.5岁[7-37])更常出现高凝。常规止血方法不能反映其真实情况。正常凝血组患者纤维蛋白原(4.5 [5.8-4]g/l)和d -二聚体(1.28[0.5-2.77]µg/ ml)水平较高。当血液的凝血特性增加时，揭示了淀粉酶水平增加的统计趋势。结论。随着COVID-19的当前进程和非重症患者的早期入院，凝血正常和低凝占主导地位。老年人和老年患者不建议处方抗凝血药没有TEG。有必要明确建议给住院患者开具抗凝剂处方。扩大TEG在止血障碍诊断中的应用。
{"title":"The results of hemostasis assessment using thromboelastography in patients with COVID-19","authors":"V. N. Gorodin, D. L. Moysova, A. D. Surkova","doi":"10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-44-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-3-44-50","url":null,"abstract":"All currently existing studies of the hemostasis system in COVID-19 using thromboelastography (TEG) were performed on the delta strain of SARS-CoV-2, while there is no information in the literature on conducting such studies in patients infected with the current omicron strain. Research objective. To determine the state of the hemostasis system in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (omicron strain) using TEG. To assess the relevance of existing guidelines on anticoagulant therapy. Materials and methods. TEG was performed in 93 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 aged 1 to 88 years, of which 66 patients (group 1) on the first day and 27 patients (group 2) – on the second day. For comparison with the parameters of healthy volunteers, a sample of 30 people was formed. Data analysis was performed using the Statistica, version 12 (StatSoft, USA). To compare the independent variable in more than two samples, a multivariate ANOVA analysis of variance was performed with the calculation of the Kruskal-Wallis test. To assess the relationships between continuous variables, the Spearman direct linear correlation coefficient (r) was determined. Results. 53% of patients had hypocoagulation, 31% had normocoagulation, and 16% had hypercoagulation. Elderly patients (61 [26–72]) more often have developed hypocoagulation. Young patients (24.5 [7–37]) more often have developed hypercoagulation. Routine methods for assessing hemostasis did not reflect its true state. Higher levels of fibrinogen (4.5 [5.8–4] g/l) and D-dimer (1.28 [0.5–2.77] µg/ ml) were observed in patients from the group with normocoagulation. Was revealed a statistical tendency towards an increase in the level of amylase when there was an increase in the coagulation properties of the blood. Conclusion. With the current course of COVID-19 and early admission of non-severe patients to the hospital, normocoagulation and hypocoagulation predominate. Elderly and senile patients are not recommended to prescribe anticoagulants without TEG. It is necessary to specify the recommendations for prescribing anticoagulants to hospitalized patients. For the diagnosis of hemostasis disorders expand application of TEG.","PeriodicalId":52123,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Infektologii","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135923196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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