The aim of the article is to cover part of the issues related to develop a process aimed at defining some essential step to correctly plan a ‘smart district’ that could dispatch energy produced in excess to the district’s other buildings. The first step has been to search for a type of building with very similar characteristics, such as geometry, zones, with the obvious variant of the geographic localization and thermal behaviour, on the other hand, a certain computational approach has to be set, in order to achieve a further replicable and scalable approach to a small-scale urban building energy modelling (uBEM). focusing on various characteristics, a standard ‘u-shaped’ building, belonging to a ‘military district’ in a southern city of Italy (Bari), has been chosen as a case study. In order to obtain energy information, the authors have started investigating first the basic components of the building through measures, thermal imaging, heat flux sensor, borescope, secondly a BIM model has been set and then enhanced to a Building Energy Model (BEM) trying to replicate the energy behaviour of the case study as close as possible. although many technological innovations are emerging, the ‘BIM to BEM process’ and the ‘BEM analysis process’ itself still depends on too many variables and results on several experiments conducted showed a variation of up 26%, that probably could be improved only by a rigorous/hybrid workflow through a digital twin.
{"title":"Prototyping a digital twin – a case study of a ‘U-shaped’ military building","authors":"Piergiorgio Marchione, Francesco Ruperto","doi":"10.2495/eq-v7-n1-83-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/eq-v7-n1-83-94","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article is to cover part of the issues related to develop a process aimed at defining some essential step to correctly plan a ‘smart district’ that could dispatch energy produced in excess to the district’s other buildings. The first step has been to search for a type of building with very similar characteristics, such as geometry, zones, with the obvious variant of the geographic localization and thermal behaviour, on the other hand, a certain computational approach has to be set, in order to achieve a further replicable and scalable approach to a small-scale urban building energy modelling (uBEM). focusing on various characteristics, a standard ‘u-shaped’ building, belonging to a ‘military district’ in a southern city of Italy (Bari), has been chosen as a case study. In order to obtain energy information, the authors have started investigating first the basic components of the building through measures, thermal imaging, heat flux sensor, borescope, secondly a BIM model has been set and then enhanced to a Building Energy Model (BEM) trying to replicate the energy behaviour of the case study as close as possible. although many technological innovations are emerging, the ‘BIM to BEM process’ and the ‘BEM analysis process’ itself still depends on too many variables and results on several experiments conducted showed a variation of up 26%, that probably could be improved only by a rigorous/hybrid workflow through a digital twin.","PeriodicalId":52236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Production and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46736103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
the use of renewable energy has been an important topic in the four Pacific northwestern states for the last 30 years. large, statistically designed public surveys were conducted in the region in 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020 to determine the perceived sustainability, future viability, and acceptance of the following ten energy sources: biomass, coal, geothermal, hydropower, natural gas, nuclear, oil, solar, tidal, and wind power. the survey questions were identical in all 4 years of the survey. these surveys were delivered by the us Postal service to over 3500 randomly chosen residents in each survey year. the public response rate exceeded 50% in each survey year. demographic data about age, gender, education level, community size, and state of residence of survey respondents were also collected. the survey data were statistically analyzed. in general, the public was literate identifying the renewable and nonrenewable energy sources as the majority of survey respondents correctly identified biomass, geothermal, hydropower, solar, and wind as renewable energy sources. based on survey results, over 75% of Pacific northwest residents considered it important or very important that their energy resources were renewable in 2020. the findings of this study were important because it shows that the public is in line with the scientific community with the goal of greatly reducing energy reliance on c containing nonrenewable energy sources including oil, coal, and natural gas. in summary, (1) the public strongly supports the transformation to a sustainable energy system using primarily renewable energy sources, (2) the use of traditional nonrenewable energy sources like natural gas should not be discouraged in the present; however, they should be phased out over the short and medium terms, (3) solar and wind energy should be significant sources to meet future energy needs in the region, and (4) the renewables including biomass and geothermal have a place in the future energy mix within the Pacific northwest.
{"title":"Public views of the value, potential, and sustainability of energy sources over the last 30 years in the Pacific Northwest, USA","authors":"R. Mahler","doi":"10.2495/eq-v7-n1-48-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/eq-v7-n1-48-58","url":null,"abstract":"the use of renewable energy has been an important topic in the four Pacific northwestern states for the last 30 years. large, statistically designed public surveys were conducted in the region in 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020 to determine the perceived sustainability, future viability, and acceptance of the following ten energy sources: biomass, coal, geothermal, hydropower, natural gas, nuclear, oil, solar, tidal, and wind power. the survey questions were identical in all 4 years of the survey. these surveys were delivered by the us Postal service to over 3500 randomly chosen residents in each survey year. the public response rate exceeded 50% in each survey year. demographic data about age, gender, education level, community size, and state of residence of survey respondents were also collected. the survey data were statistically analyzed. in general, the public was literate identifying the renewable and nonrenewable energy sources as the majority of survey respondents correctly identified biomass, geothermal, hydropower, solar, and wind as renewable energy sources. based on survey results, over 75% of Pacific northwest residents considered it important or very important that their energy resources were renewable in 2020. the findings of this study were important because it shows that the public is in line with the scientific community with the goal of greatly reducing energy reliance on c containing nonrenewable energy sources including oil, coal, and natural gas. in summary, (1) the public strongly supports the transformation to a sustainable energy system using primarily renewable energy sources, (2) the use of traditional nonrenewable energy sources like natural gas should not be discouraged in the present; however, they should be phased out over the short and medium terms, (3) solar and wind energy should be significant sources to meet future energy needs in the region, and (4) the renewables including biomass and geothermal have a place in the future energy mix within the Pacific northwest.","PeriodicalId":52236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Production and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43893940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The natural circulation loop (NCL) consists of a thermal-hydraulic system that convoys thermal energy from a heat source to a heat sink without a pump. Applications of those loops can be found in solar energy, geothermal, nuclear reactors, and electronic cooling. The lattice Boltzmann method is a numerical method that can simulate thermal-fluid dynamics, using a mesoscopic approach based on the Boltzmann equation for the density function. A square NCL model with fixed temperatures at the heater and heat sink sections was developed in a bi-dimensional lattice with double distribution dynamics, one distribution for the hydrodynamic field and the other for the thermal field. The different cooler–heater configurations (vertical or horizontal) were investigated. We found that by positioning the source or sink vertically, the flow direction can be controlled. In contrast, in a loop with symmetric horizontal heater horizontal cooler configuration where both fluid directions are equally probable. The effectiveness of the loop was studied by calculating the heat sink temperature gradient. The lower value was obtained for the horizontal heater horizontal cooler orientation (0.71) and the higher value for the vertical heater vertical cooler configuration with an increment of 34%; simultaneously, the flow rate (Reynolds number) was reduced by 47%.
{"title":"Thermal performance investigation of a mini natural circulation loop for solar PV panel or electronic cooling simulated by lattice Boltzmann method","authors":"J. Bocanegra, A. Marchitto, M. Misale","doi":"10.2495/eq-v7-n1-1-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/eq-v7-n1-1-12","url":null,"abstract":"The natural circulation loop (NCL) consists of a thermal-hydraulic system that convoys thermal energy from a heat source to a heat sink without a pump. Applications of those loops can be found in solar energy, geothermal, nuclear reactors, and electronic cooling. The lattice Boltzmann method is a numerical method that can simulate thermal-fluid dynamics, using a mesoscopic approach based on the Boltzmann equation for the density function. A square NCL model with fixed temperatures at the heater and heat sink sections was developed in a bi-dimensional lattice with double distribution dynamics, one distribution for the hydrodynamic field and the other for the thermal field. The different cooler–heater configurations (vertical or horizontal) were investigated. We found that by positioning the source or sink vertically, the flow direction can be controlled. In contrast, in a loop with symmetric horizontal heater horizontal cooler configuration where both fluid directions are equally probable. The effectiveness of the loop was studied by calculating the heat sink temperature gradient. The lower value was obtained for the horizontal heater horizontal cooler orientation (0.71) and the higher value for the vertical heater vertical cooler configuration with an increment of 34%; simultaneously, the flow rate (Reynolds number) was reduced by 47%.","PeriodicalId":52236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Production and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41836461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design and development of a tool for selecting operations to obtain biomethane from biogas from different sources","authors":"L. Gómez, S. Luque, Á. M. Gutierrez, J. Arraibi","doi":"10.2495/eq-v7-n1-35-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/eq-v7-n1-35-47","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Production and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45752801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-25DOI: 10.2495/eq-v6-n4-347-358
Lara Brungs, Katharina Kötter-Lange, Jana Kottmeier, Rebecca Poersch, P. Schweizer-Ries
One of the most urgent topics of the present, yet only slowly and arduously proceeding, is the energy transition, especially in the heat and building sector. Here, the basic hypothesis is that collaborations between all stakeholders involved are crucial to accelerate the process. The opening of every individual towards the perspective of others and an overarching joint intention is needed. Working from a sustainability science perspective, it is argued that approaching the transition from inside the system will lead to a common ground for collective action. The authors’ role as communication researchers and transformative scientists is embedded in the broader accompanying research for the energy transition in the building sector (‘Energiewendebauen’). With this paper and authors’ work within the broader research network, an attempt is made to open the minds for innovative ways of working and facilitating the shift between science and practice by fostering thriving collaborations applying communication and collaboration knowledge. For this purpose, a multitude of different methods are drawn upon, some of which will be presented in this paper with a special focus on Generative Scribing, which is an artistic approach established in the context of Theory U. Although the method might initially be perceived as being rather unusual by some people and the practicing of this new way of working and communicating might even be rejected by a few, first findings show that when this method is used, people are intuitively attracted and open up in the process.
{"title":"How to foster fruitful collaborations – the impact of sustainability science","authors":"Lara Brungs, Katharina Kötter-Lange, Jana Kottmeier, Rebecca Poersch, P. Schweizer-Ries","doi":"10.2495/eq-v6-n4-347-358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/eq-v6-n4-347-358","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most urgent topics of the present, yet only slowly and arduously proceeding, is the energy transition, especially in the heat and building sector. Here, the basic hypothesis is that collaborations between all stakeholders involved are crucial to accelerate the process. The opening of every individual towards the perspective of others and an overarching joint intention is needed. Working from a sustainability science perspective, it is argued that approaching the transition from inside the system will lead to a common ground for collective action. The authors’ role as communication researchers and transformative scientists is embedded in the broader accompanying research for the energy transition in the building sector (‘Energiewendebauen’). With this paper and authors’ work within the broader research network, an attempt is made to open the minds for innovative ways of working and facilitating the shift between science and practice by fostering thriving collaborations applying communication and collaboration knowledge. For this purpose, a multitude of different methods are drawn upon, some of which will be presented in this paper with a special focus on Generative Scribing, which is an artistic approach established in the context of Theory U. Although the method might initially be perceived as being rather unusual by some people and the practicing of this new way of working and communicating might even be rejected by a few, first findings show that when this method is used, people are intuitively attracted and open up in the process.","PeriodicalId":52236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Production and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47018891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-25DOI: 10.2495/eq-v6-n4-382-394
W. Muda, N. Anang, A. M. Muslim
An investigation has been conducted to analyse the performance of a grid-connected photovoltaic system (GCPV) based on the net energy metering (NEM) scheme. Several analyses of a similar system have been performed in the literature based on assumptions and simulations. However, the concept based on actual NEM data in Malaysia has not been fully considered. Hence, this study analyses the real performance of the GCPV system from the field monitoring of PV energy production, as well as import and export energy, collected at a residential house participating in NEM 2.0. From the collected data, the economic parameters were calculated and compared with an equivalent system before the NEM implementation, which is a grid-only system, and the NEM 1.0 and 3.0 schemes. The results show that for the considered load demand with an average monthly electricity bill of RM 500, the NEM 2.0 provides more benefits to consumers with the lowest payback period, net present cost, net saving and energy cost. Although NEM 3.0 produced the lowest net saving, which was RM 33,280 for 20 years of the project’s lifetime, it was still capable of reducing the electricity bill by 66% for the first year and 32% during self-consumption.
{"title":"NEM schemes analysis based on installed grid-connected PV system for residential sector in Malaysia","authors":"W. Muda, N. Anang, A. M. Muslim","doi":"10.2495/eq-v6-n4-382-394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/eq-v6-n4-382-394","url":null,"abstract":"An investigation has been conducted to analyse the performance of a grid-connected photovoltaic system (GCPV) based on the net energy metering (NEM) scheme. Several analyses of a similar system have been performed in the literature based on assumptions and simulations. However, the concept based on actual NEM data in Malaysia has not been fully considered. Hence, this study analyses the real performance of the GCPV system from the field monitoring of PV energy production, as well as import and export energy, collected at a residential house participating in NEM 2.0. From the collected data, the economic parameters were calculated and compared with an equivalent system before the NEM implementation, which is a grid-only system, and the NEM 1.0 and 3.0 schemes. The results show that for the considered load demand with an average monthly electricity bill of RM 500, the NEM 2.0 provides more benefits to consumers with the lowest payback period, net present cost, net saving and energy cost. Although NEM 3.0 produced the lowest net saving, which was RM 33,280 for 20 years of the project’s lifetime, it was still capable of reducing the electricity bill by 66% for the first year and 32% during self-consumption.","PeriodicalId":52236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Production and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45706162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-25DOI: 10.2495/eq-v6-n4-395-403
S. Geroe
The interviews informing this paper provide a series of interlocking case studies of the ways in which specialist expertise in renewable energy institutions is integrated through the consultative drafting processes for Chinese emission trading schemes (ETS). This has been implemented through drafting groups, research collaboration, various types of meetings and conferences, industry feedback and online solicitation of opinions. Interviews in state-related research institutions, universities, regional ETS carbon exchanges and private sector consultancies indicated that this process can be a useful means of integrating regulatory measures that have proven effective. Not all interviewee recommendations are reflected in the February 2021 Trial Measures for the Chinese national ETS and related implementing rules. Examples of adoption of interviewees’ recommendations included detailed requirements for emissions monitoring plans, models for trading systems and registries, and specific methodologies such as default emissions values. The most important examples of non-adoption were stringent penalties for emissions and monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) offences and supervisory powers of regulators relating to third-party inspection organisations. The March 2021 opinion solicitation draft (OSD) for a higher level, more permanent State Council regulation contains stronger penalties and supervisory powers. The 2019 and 2020 OSDs for the current national ETS rules also contained stronger penalties and supervisory powers than the current rules. Hence, all of the OSDs more closely resemble interviewee recommendations than the current rules. Interview evidence, and related scholarly writing, suggests that this pattern may relate to resistance of powerful economic interests. Nonetheless, it suggests that such resistance can be countered through capacity building and the example of early adopters in effective emissions trading. While the consultative drafting process has proved a useful means for identifying effective regulatory design on the basis of pilot ETS experience, it has yet to be put to best effect in the current national ETS rules.
{"title":"The consultative drafting process for Chinese emissions trading regulation: effective inputs but uncertain output","authors":"S. Geroe","doi":"10.2495/eq-v6-n4-395-403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/eq-v6-n4-395-403","url":null,"abstract":"The interviews informing this paper provide a series of interlocking case studies of the ways in which specialist expertise in renewable energy institutions is integrated through the consultative drafting processes for Chinese emission trading schemes (ETS). This has been implemented through drafting groups, research collaboration, various types of meetings and conferences, industry feedback and online solicitation of opinions. Interviews in state-related research institutions, universities, regional ETS carbon exchanges and private sector consultancies indicated that this process can be a useful means of integrating regulatory measures that have proven effective. Not all interviewee recommendations are reflected in the February 2021 Trial Measures for the Chinese national ETS and related implementing rules. Examples of adoption of interviewees’ recommendations included detailed requirements for emissions monitoring plans, models for trading systems and registries, and specific methodologies such as default emissions values. The most important examples of non-adoption were stringent penalties for emissions and monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) offences and supervisory powers of regulators relating to third-party inspection organisations. The March 2021 opinion solicitation draft (OSD) for a higher level, more permanent State Council regulation contains stronger penalties and supervisory powers. The 2019 and 2020 OSDs for the current national ETS rules also contained stronger penalties and supervisory powers than the current rules. Hence, all of the OSDs more closely resemble interviewee recommendations than the current rules. Interview evidence, and related scholarly writing, suggests that this pattern may relate to resistance of powerful economic interests. Nonetheless, it suggests that such resistance can be countered through capacity building and the example of early adopters in effective emissions trading. While the consultative drafting process has proved a useful means for identifying effective regulatory design on the basis of pilot ETS experience, it has yet to be put to best effect in the current national ETS rules.","PeriodicalId":52236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Production and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42320716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-25DOI: 10.2495/eq-v6-n4-323-334
Mario Lamagna, D. Groppi, M. M. Nezhad, G. Piras
Energy systems digitalisation represents the energy sector’s future, and Digital Twins represent the most advanced and complete way to monitor and optimally manage a complex system such as the upcoming solutions. Those latter will comprehend several energy generators, traditional and/or from renewable energy sources (RESs), different energy storage systems using several energy vectors and that interconnect different energy-consuming sectors (power, thermal, transport sectors) and that fully exploit the potential synergies offered by such interconnected system. Nevertheless, since the first conceptualisation of digital twins in the first years of the 21st century, its use has not started yet for different reasons that are affecting the adoption of this game-changer approach. Hence, what are the main barriers that are holding back the adoption of digital twins in smart energy systems? The present review paper answers this research question while discussing the case studies that can be found in literature and analysing the different approaches and the system architectures that have been tested or simply idealised. This paper provides a basis for future research that aims at applying the digital twin concept in the energy sector and particularly for power grid management. It deals with the challenges of big data management, the ones related to real-time measurements and continuous communication between the real-world system and its digital twin, the investment for measuring systems, the issues connected with the use of large data centres and the correlated energy-related challenges and doubts. The review analyses the challenges that have been encountered so far, the proposed solutions and the opportunities that such a ‘work in progress’ topic offers.
{"title":"A comprehensive review on digital twins for smart energy management system","authors":"Mario Lamagna, D. Groppi, M. M. Nezhad, G. Piras","doi":"10.2495/eq-v6-n4-323-334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/eq-v6-n4-323-334","url":null,"abstract":"Energy systems digitalisation represents the energy sector’s future, and Digital Twins represent the most advanced and complete way to monitor and optimally manage a complex system such as the upcoming solutions. Those latter will comprehend several energy generators, traditional and/or from renewable energy sources (RESs), different energy storage systems using several energy vectors and that interconnect different energy-consuming sectors (power, thermal, transport sectors) and that fully exploit the potential synergies offered by such interconnected system. Nevertheless, since the first conceptualisation of digital twins in the first years of the 21st century, its use has not started yet for different reasons that are affecting the adoption of this game-changer approach. Hence, what are the main barriers that are holding back the adoption of digital twins in smart energy systems? The present review paper answers this research question while discussing the case studies that can be found in literature and analysing the different approaches and the system architectures that have been tested or simply idealised. This paper provides a basis for future research that aims at applying the digital twin concept in the energy sector and particularly for power grid management. It deals with the challenges of big data management, the ones related to real-time measurements and continuous communication between the real-world system and its digital twin, the investment for measuring systems, the issues connected with the use of large data centres and the correlated energy-related challenges and doubts. The review analyses the challenges that have been encountered so far, the proposed solutions and the opportunities that such a ‘work in progress’ topic offers.","PeriodicalId":52236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Production and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41760365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-25DOI: 10.2495/eq-v6-n4-371-381
Simone Maggiore, Anna Realini, C. Zagano, F. Bazzocchi, E. Gobbi, M. Borgarello
The energy transition for the industrial sector is not limited to a reduction in energy consumption: the real issue is to combine sustainability with growth, by mixing the two ingredients (the rational energy use and the industrial growth) which are not always compatible. The National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) and the New Green Deal policies in Italy have the goal to promote an economic development as well as the environment sustainability and social inclusion. RSE1 has investigated the role of the national incentive plan ‘Impresa 4.0’ in Italy (currently ‘Transizione 4.0’, equivalent to ‘Industry 4.0’) as a measure to promote the energy transition, analysing whether and how is it possible to combine economic development with energy efficiency. Originally, it was developed to increase the competitiveness of industrial sector, but, progressively, it was also used to promote energy efficiency and sustainability. A survey was carried out by RSE on about 300 companies that implemented innovation and digitalisation interventions, monitoring the effects and impacts that the ‘4.0 choice’ has determined on energy consumption, on their environmental externalities and, in general, on other costs. Moreover, some case studies were collected, together with a database of ‘Impresa 4.0’ application, which supported technical and economic evaluations. The impact of these measures on energy performance of the companies was estimated from the analysis of actual projects and from interviews and discussions with the operators. In this paper, the results of the survey are presented and the outcomes are analysed in comparison with the Italian manufacturing sector performance, in order to establish the potential of ‘Impresa 4.0’ policies in supporting the decarbonisation process and reaching 2030 environmental targets.
{"title":"Energy efficiency in industry 4.0: assessing the potential of industry 4.0 to achieve 2030 decarbonisation targets","authors":"Simone Maggiore, Anna Realini, C. Zagano, F. Bazzocchi, E. Gobbi, M. Borgarello","doi":"10.2495/eq-v6-n4-371-381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/eq-v6-n4-371-381","url":null,"abstract":"The energy transition for the industrial sector is not limited to a reduction in energy consumption: the real issue is to combine sustainability with growth, by mixing the two ingredients (the rational energy use and the industrial growth) which are not always compatible. The National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) and the New Green Deal policies in Italy have the goal to promote an economic development as well as the environment sustainability and social inclusion. RSE1 has investigated the role of the national incentive plan ‘Impresa 4.0’ in Italy (currently ‘Transizione 4.0’, equivalent to ‘Industry 4.0’) as a measure to promote the energy transition, analysing whether and how is it possible to combine economic development with energy efficiency. Originally, it was developed to increase the competitiveness of industrial sector, but, progressively, it was also used to promote energy efficiency and sustainability. A survey was carried out by RSE on about 300 companies that implemented innovation and digitalisation interventions, monitoring the effects and impacts that the ‘4.0 choice’ has determined on energy consumption, on their environmental externalities and, in general, on other costs. Moreover, some case studies were collected, together with a database of ‘Impresa 4.0’ application, which supported technical and economic evaluations. The impact of these measures on energy performance of the companies was estimated from the analysis of actual projects and from interviews and discussions with the operators. In this paper, the results of the survey are presented and the outcomes are analysed in comparison with the Italian manufacturing sector performance, in order to establish the potential of ‘Impresa 4.0’ policies in supporting the decarbonisation process and reaching 2030 environmental targets.","PeriodicalId":52236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Production and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48135717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-25DOI: 10.2495/eq-v6-n4-359-370
E. Leontev, Y. Leontyeva, I. Mayburov
Cities in Russia are faced with a burning problem of procuring funds for public transit and transport infrastructure projects. The article aims to evaluate the possibility of using Tax Increment Financing (TIF) in various cities of Russia by calculating property tax revenue increments from a TIF project and designating the increments as a protected source of funds for recouping investments in the project. The authors proceed from a hypothesis that it is possible to justify the priority of the city’s fiscal capacity for TIF adoption over its land area and the size of its population. The study analyzes a major TIF project that was implemented in the field of public transportation. The outcomes of the project were extrapolated to transport projects in other cities in Russia. Calculations show that the majority of the cities included in the study fit the criteria for TIF projects. The study proves that calculating the projected costs of TIF-funded projects for the development of electric public transport enables the grouping of the cities by potential for TIF project implementation. At the same time, other characteristics of cities, such as the size of population, are not the determinants of such potential. The valuation of TIF potential could serve as a basis for a rapid feasibility study of a TIF project in a city, removing the need for laborious calculations.
{"title":"Analy sis of capacity for implementation of tif projects for electric transport development in russian cities","authors":"E. Leontev, Y. Leontyeva, I. Mayburov","doi":"10.2495/eq-v6-n4-359-370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/eq-v6-n4-359-370","url":null,"abstract":"Cities in Russia are faced with a burning problem of procuring funds for public transit and transport infrastructure projects. The article aims to evaluate the possibility of using Tax Increment Financing (TIF) in various cities of Russia by calculating property tax revenue increments from a TIF project and designating the increments as a protected source of funds for recouping investments in the project. The authors proceed from a hypothesis that it is possible to justify the priority of the city’s fiscal capacity for TIF adoption over its land area and the size of its population. The study analyzes a major TIF project that was implemented in the field of public transportation. The outcomes of the project were extrapolated to transport projects in other cities in Russia. Calculations show that the majority of the cities included in the study fit the criteria for TIF projects. The study proves that calculating the projected costs of TIF-funded projects for the development of electric public transport enables the grouping of the cities by potential for TIF project implementation. At the same time, other characteristics of cities, such as the size of population, are not the determinants of such potential. The valuation of TIF potential could serve as a basis for a rapid feasibility study of a TIF project in a city, removing the need for laborious calculations.","PeriodicalId":52236,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Production and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43060729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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