P. Przymuszała, Magdalena Cerbin-Koczorowska, P. Marciniak-Stępak, Lidia Szlanga, Lucja Zielinska-Tomczak, M. Dąbrowski, Ryszard Marciniak
InTrodUcTIon: Despite the increasing emphasis on the medical curriculum, students’ empathy and communication skills decline with time. As students’ attitudes and experiences may influence the effectiveness of communication training and their future communication style, this study aimed to evaluate the opinions of last-year medical students on communication skills learning. MATerIAL And MeTHods: Following the fully mixed concurrent equal status design methodology, we invited sixth-year medical students of our university to fill a paper questionnaire with closed and open questions on their perspectives on communication skills learning. resULTs: Questionnaires were completed by a representative sample of 166 students. The majority of them recognized the importance and benefits of communication training, and the need to increase its signifi cance in the medical curriculum. They noticed that students with low communication skills lack motivation for improvement. Students also underlined the significance of the hidden curriculum, reporting a contrast between communication classes and the behavior of some physicians. Moreover, students less positively in clined towards communication training doubted its effectiveness and importance, suggesting that it should be offered for volunteers. concLUsIons: In order to meet the expectations of students with positive opinions and overcome the lack of motivation or engagement of negatively inclined students, more emphasis should be placed on commu nication training. Changes in communication training should include increasing its practical character and intensity, emphasizing its importance and benefits, and paying more attention to hidden curriculum as -pects. Revisions to the medical school application system should be considered to underline the importance of interpersonal competencies already at the admission stage.
{"title":"Communication skills learning during medical studies in Poland: opinions of final-year medical students","authors":"P. Przymuszała, Magdalena Cerbin-Koczorowska, P. Marciniak-Stępak, Lidia Szlanga, Lucja Zielinska-Tomczak, M. Dąbrowski, Ryszard Marciniak","doi":"10.5603/demj.a2021.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/demj.a2021.0035","url":null,"abstract":"InTrodUcTIon: Despite the increasing emphasis on the medical curriculum, students’ empathy and communication skills decline with time. As students’ attitudes and experiences may influence the effectiveness of communication training and their future communication style, this study aimed to evaluate the opinions of last-year medical students on communication skills learning. MATerIAL And MeTHods: Following the fully mixed concurrent equal status design methodology, we invited sixth-year medical students of our university to fill a paper questionnaire with closed and open questions on their perspectives on communication skills learning. resULTs: Questionnaires were completed by a representative sample of 166 students. The majority of them recognized the importance and benefits of communication training, and the need to increase its signifi cance in the medical curriculum. They noticed that students with low communication skills lack motivation for improvement. Students also underlined the significance of the hidden curriculum, reporting a contrast between communication classes and the behavior of some physicians. Moreover, students less positively in clined towards communication training doubted its effectiveness and importance, suggesting that it should be offered for volunteers. concLUsIons: In order to meet the expectations of students with positive opinions and overcome the lack of motivation or engagement of negatively inclined students, more emphasis should be placed on commu nication training. Changes in communication training should include increasing its practical character and intensity, emphasizing its importance and benefits, and paying more attention to hidden curriculum as -pects. Revisions to the medical school application system should be considered to underline the importance of interpersonal competencies already at the admission stage.","PeriodicalId":52339,"journal":{"name":"Disaster and Emergency Medicine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49126459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahdi Al-Jeabory, L. Szarpak, Z. Rafique, N. Vasan, Kecskés Attila, A. Gąsecka, W. Gaweł, M. Pruc, M. Malysz, M. Jaguszewski, I. Savytskyi, Natasza Blek, K. Filipiak, F. Peacock
BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability. In many cases of TBI-related intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with a high risk of coagulopathy and may lead to an increased risk of hemorrhage growth. Therefore, tranexamic acid (TXA), which is known as an antifibrinolytic agent that reduces bleeding by inhibiting the breakdown of blood clots, might limit ICH expansion. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We aimed to quantify the effects of TXA in brain injury and thus performed a literature search using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and Cochrane Center Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) for studies that were published between the respective database inception, and April 10, 2021. RESULTS: A total of nine studies were identified; these included 5845 patients treated with, and 5380 treated without TXA. The 28-day or in-hospital mortality was 17.8% for the TXA group, compared with 19.3% for the no-TXA group (OR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.83, 1.01; p = 0.08). At 6-months follow-up, mortality was 18.3% vs 19.9% (OR = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.63–1.31; p = 0.60), with and without TXA, respectively. A Glasgow Outcome Scale less than 4 points at 28-days follow-up was reported in 3 studies and was 29.8% vs 34.8% (OR = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.45, 1.82; p = 0.78), with and without TXA, respectively. No differences were found in adverse events between TXA and non-TXA groups. CONCLUSION: Our analysis found showed no statistical significance between TXA and non-TXA treatment of TBI patients, however, in the TXA group a trend to decrease 28-day mortality compared to non-TXA treatment was observed. More high-quality studies are needed to show the significant benefit of using TXA, especially in moderate and severe TBI patient groups.
{"title":"Place of tranexamic acid in traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Mahdi Al-Jeabory, L. Szarpak, Z. Rafique, N. Vasan, Kecskés Attila, A. Gąsecka, W. Gaweł, M. Pruc, M. Malysz, M. Jaguszewski, I. Savytskyi, Natasza Blek, K. Filipiak, F. Peacock","doi":"10.5603/DEMJ.A2021.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/DEMJ.A2021.0029","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability. In many cases of TBI-related intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with a high risk of coagulopathy and may lead to an increased risk of hemorrhage growth. Therefore, tranexamic acid (TXA), which is known as an antifibrinolytic agent that reduces bleeding by inhibiting the breakdown of blood clots, might limit ICH expansion. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We aimed to quantify the effects of TXA in brain injury and thus performed a literature search using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and Cochrane Center Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) for studies that were published between the respective database inception, and April 10, 2021. RESULTS: A total of nine studies were identified; these included 5845 patients treated with, and 5380 treated without TXA. The 28-day or in-hospital mortality was 17.8% for the TXA group, compared with 19.3% for the no-TXA group (OR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.83, 1.01; p = 0.08). At 6-months follow-up, mortality was 18.3% vs 19.9% (OR = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.63–1.31; p = 0.60), with and without TXA, respectively. A Glasgow Outcome Scale less than 4 points at 28-days follow-up was reported in 3 studies and was 29.8% vs 34.8% (OR = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.45, 1.82; p = 0.78), with and without TXA, respectively. No differences were found in adverse events between TXA and non-TXA groups. CONCLUSION: Our analysis found showed no statistical significance between TXA and non-TXA treatment of TBI patients, however, in the TXA group a trend to decrease 28-day mortality compared to non-TXA treatment was observed. More high-quality studies are needed to show the significant benefit of using TXA, especially in moderate and severe TBI patient groups.","PeriodicalId":52339,"journal":{"name":"Disaster and Emergency Medicine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43581526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jarosław Meyer-Szary, M. Jaguszewski, J. Smereka, A. Gąsecka, M. Emam, I. John, Z. Rafique, F. Peacock, Francesco Chirico, Dorota Sagan, Marta Jachowicz, L. Szarpak
Address for correspondence: Lukasz Szarpak, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy in Warsaw e-mail: lukasz.szarpak@gmail.com This article is available in open access under Creative Common Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license, allowing to download articles and share them with others as long as they credit the authors and the publisher, but without permission to change them in any way or use them commercially. Impact of coVID-19 on peDIatrIc out-of-hospItal carDIac arrest In the masoVIan regIon
通信地址:Lukasz Szarpak, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy in Warsaw e-mail: lukasz.szarpak@gmail.com本文在Creative Common Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)许可下开放获取，允许下载文章并与他人分享，只要他们注明作者和出版商，但不得以任何方式更改或用于商业用途。新冠肺炎对马索维地区儿童院外心脏骤停的影响
{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 on pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the Masovian region","authors":"Jarosław Meyer-Szary, M. Jaguszewski, J. Smereka, A. Gąsecka, M. Emam, I. John, Z. Rafique, F. Peacock, Francesco Chirico, Dorota Sagan, Marta Jachowicz, L. Szarpak","doi":"10.5603/DEMJ.A2021.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/DEMJ.A2021.0028","url":null,"abstract":"Address for correspondence: Lukasz Szarpak, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy in Warsaw e-mail: lukasz.szarpak@gmail.com This article is available in open access under Creative Common Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license, allowing to download articles and share them with others as long as they credit the authors and the publisher, but without permission to change them in any way or use them commercially. Impact of coVID-19 on peDIatrIc out-of-hospItal carDIac arrest In the masoVIan regIon","PeriodicalId":52339,"journal":{"name":"Disaster and Emergency Medicine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44532895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Address for correspondence: Atefeh Beigi-Khoozani, Department of Operating Room, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran e-mail: ati.bgi2016@gmail.com This article is available in open access under Creative Common Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license, allowing to download articles and share them with others as long as they credit the authors and the publisher, but without permission to change them in any way or use them commercially. Risk of spReading delta coRonaviRus to opeRating Room peRsonnel afteR covid-19 vaccination
{"title":"Risk of spreading delta coronavirus to operating room personnel after COVID-19 vaccination","authors":"A. Merajikhah, A. Beigi-Khoozani, M. Soleimani","doi":"10.5603/DEMJ.A2021.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/DEMJ.A2021.0026","url":null,"abstract":"Address for correspondence: Atefeh Beigi-Khoozani, Department of Operating Room, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran e-mail: ati.bgi2016@gmail.com This article is available in open access under Creative Common Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license, allowing to download articles and share them with others as long as they credit the authors and the publisher, but without permission to change them in any way or use them commercially. Risk of spReading delta coRonaviRus to opeRating Room peRsonnel afteR covid-19 vaccination","PeriodicalId":52339,"journal":{"name":"Disaster and Emergency Medicine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43756135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francesco Chirico, Dorota Sagan, A. Markiewicz, Julia Popieluch, M. Pruc, K. Bielski, Maciej Cyran
Address for correspondence: Michal Pruc, Polish Society of Disaster Medicine e-mail: m.pruc@ptmk.org This article is available in open access under Creative Common Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license, allowing to download articles and share them with others as long as they credit the authors and the publisher, but without permission to change them in any way or use them commercially. SARS-CoV-2 ViRuS mutAtion And loSS of tReAtment And pReVentiVe meASuReS AS we know it now
通信地址:Michal Pruc，波兰灾难医学协会e-mail: m.pruc@ptmk.org这篇文章是在Creative Common Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)许可下开放获取的，允许下载文章并与他人分享，只要他们注明作者和出版商，但不得以任何方式改变它们或将它们用于商业用途。SARS-CoV-2病毒的突变以及我们现在所知道的治疗和预防措施的缺失
{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 virus mutation and loss of treatment and preventive measures as we know it now","authors":"Francesco Chirico, Dorota Sagan, A. Markiewicz, Julia Popieluch, M. Pruc, K. Bielski, Maciej Cyran","doi":"10.5603/DEMJ.A2021.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/DEMJ.A2021.0025","url":null,"abstract":"Address for correspondence: Michal Pruc, Polish Society of Disaster Medicine e-mail: m.pruc@ptmk.org This article is available in open access under Creative Common Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license, allowing to download articles and share them with others as long as they credit the authors and the publisher, but without permission to change them in any way or use them commercially. SARS-CoV-2 ViRuS mutAtion And loSS of tReAtment And pReVentiVe meASuReS AS we know it now","PeriodicalId":52339,"journal":{"name":"Disaster and Emergency Medicine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41998865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Oscanoa, J. Amado, Rawia A Ghashut, R. Romero-Ortuño
INTRODUCTION: There is experimental and clinical evidence that the serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D)] may decrease in acute systemic inflammatory responses; in this context, low values may not necessarily indicate a pre-existing deficiency. This may also apply to low 25(OH)D levels found in the context of the systemic inflammatory response caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. To conduct a systematic review of the relationship between serum 25(OH)D and the concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor a (TNF-a) in acutely hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for studies published between January 2020 and February 2021. In each study, the authors compared levels of inflammatory markers between patients reported as having low levels of 25(OH) D and those above the study cut-off. RESULTS: 18 studies were included (n = 3482, mean age 63.5 ± 9.3 years, 56.9% men). The cut-off for the definition of low 25(OH)D varied across studies. In all studies, mean values for inflammatory markers were higher in the low 25(OH)D groups. These differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05) in 6/15 studies with CRP, 4/8 with IL-6 and 0/1 with TNF-a. CONCLUSIONS: Markers of acute systemic inflammatory response were elevated in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and low concentrations of 25(OH)D. Therefore, the vitamin D status in those patients should be interpreted with caution, and studies should be designed to assess whether hypovitaminosis D could be an epiphenomenon.
{"title":"Relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and acute inflammatory markers in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection","authors":"T. Oscanoa, J. Amado, Rawia A Ghashut, R. Romero-Ortuño","doi":"10.5603/DEMJ.A2021.0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/DEMJ.A2021.0024","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: There is experimental and clinical evidence that the serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D)] may decrease in acute systemic inflammatory responses; in this context, low values may not necessarily indicate a pre-existing deficiency. This may also apply to low 25(OH)D levels found in the context of the systemic inflammatory response caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. To conduct a systematic review of the relationship between serum 25(OH)D and the concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor a (TNF-a) in acutely hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for studies published between January 2020 and February 2021. In each study, the authors compared levels of inflammatory markers between patients reported as having low levels of 25(OH) D and those above the study cut-off. RESULTS: 18 studies were included (n = 3482, mean age 63.5 ± 9.3 years, 56.9% men). The cut-off for the definition of low 25(OH)D varied across studies. In all studies, mean values for inflammatory markers were higher in the low 25(OH)D groups. These differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05) in 6/15 studies with CRP, 4/8 with IL-6 and 0/1 with TNF-a. CONCLUSIONS: Markers of acute systemic inflammatory response were elevated in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and low concentrations of 25(OH)D. Therefore, the vitamin D status in those patients should be interpreted with caution, and studies should be designed to assess whether hypovitaminosis D could be an epiphenomenon.","PeriodicalId":52339,"journal":{"name":"Disaster and Emergency Medicine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44238693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eda Yaman, B. Demirel, Abdurrahman Yılmaz, S. Avci, L. Szarpak
INTRODUCTION: It was observed that the new coronavirus disease had a different clinical course in children compared to adults. Fewer cases and deaths have been reported in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All children with suspected COVID-19 who applied to a secondary health care centre were included in this study and blood parameters were compared according to Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) results. This study is a retrospective, cross-sectional study and was conducted by accessing the hospital records of 40 paediatric patients aged 0–16 years. RT-PCR test was performed by isolating Viral RNA with RNA Isolation System after oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal samples were taken from patients with appropriate sterile swabs and transferred to tubes containing SNP Viral Inactivation Solution. All statistical calculations were done with SPSS 23.0 (SPSS for Windows, Chicago, IL, SA). Mean values of continuous variables were compared between groups using the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: The results were evaluated as 95% confidence interval and p-value < 0.05 and were considered statistically significant. In the light of the blood results of a small number of paediatric cases who applied, the authors tried to determine the parameters that could increase the success in diagnosis in asymptomatic paediatric cases. C-Reactive Protein, ID-dimer (quantitative), leukocytes, monocytes, sodium, mean platelet volume levels were found to be significantly different between the patients with positive and negative COVID test results. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study reveal that the use of leukocytopenia, monocytopenia and mean platelet volume elevation as diagnostic markers may increase diagnostic success, especially in asymptomatic paediatric COVID-19 patients.
前言:我们观察到儿童与成人相比，新型冠状病毒病具有不同的临床病程。报告的儿童病例和死亡人数较少。材料和方法:本研究纳入所有向二级卫生保健中心申请的疑似COVID-19儿童，并根据逆转录酶聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)结果比较血液参数。本研究是一项回顾性、横断面研究，通过查阅40例0-16岁儿科患者的医院记录进行。取患者口咽和鼻咽标本，用合适的无菌拭子转移到含有SNP病毒灭活液的试管中，用RNA分离系统分离病毒RNA，进行RT-PCR检测。所有统计计算均使用SPSS 23.0 (SPSS for Windows, Chicago, IL, SA)完成。组间连续变量均值比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验。结果:以95%置信区间评价，p值< 0.05，认为有统计学意义。根据应用的少数儿科病例的血液结果，作者试图确定可以增加无症状儿科病例诊断成功率的参数。c -反应蛋白、id -二聚体(定量)、白细胞、单核细胞、钠、平均血小板体积水平在阳性和阴性患者之间存在显著差异。结论:本研究结果表明，使用白细胞减少症、单核细胞减少症和平均血小板体积升高作为诊断指标可提高诊断成功率，特别是在无症状的儿童COVID-19患者中。
{"title":"Retrospective evaluation of laboratory findings of suspected paediatric COVID-19 patients with positive and negative RT-PCR","authors":"Eda Yaman, B. Demirel, Abdurrahman Yılmaz, S. Avci, L. Szarpak","doi":"10.5603/DEMJ.A2021.0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/DEMJ.A2021.0023","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: It was observed that the new coronavirus disease had a different clinical course in children compared to adults. Fewer cases and deaths have been reported in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All children with suspected COVID-19 who applied to a secondary health care centre were included in this study and blood parameters were compared according to Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) results. This study is a retrospective, cross-sectional study and was conducted by accessing the hospital records of 40 paediatric patients aged 0–16 years. RT-PCR test was performed by isolating Viral RNA with RNA Isolation System after oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal samples were taken from patients with appropriate sterile swabs and transferred to tubes containing SNP Viral Inactivation Solution. All statistical calculations were done with SPSS 23.0 (SPSS for Windows, Chicago, IL, SA). Mean values of continuous variables were compared between groups using the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: The results were evaluated as 95% confidence interval and p-value < 0.05 and were considered statistically significant. In the light of the blood results of a small number of paediatric cases who applied, the authors tried to determine the parameters that could increase the success in diagnosis in asymptomatic paediatric cases. C-Reactive Protein, ID-dimer (quantitative), leukocytes, monocytes, sodium, mean platelet volume levels were found to be significantly different between the patients with positive and negative COVID test results. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study reveal that the use of leukocytopenia, monocytopenia and mean platelet volume elevation as diagnostic markers may increase diagnostic success, especially in asymptomatic paediatric COVID-19 patients.","PeriodicalId":52339,"journal":{"name":"Disaster and Emergency Medicine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43290641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
INTRODUCTION: The witness of the event plays an important role in the diagnosis of cardiac arrest in the victim. Taking quick actions to restore basic life functions is the essence of pre-hospital assistance, and this applies not only to civilian conditions but also to combat operations. During extraordinary occurrences and civil-military cooperation, the soldier’s physical fitness and the ability to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation effectively give a better chance to save the cardiac arrest victim’s life. The study aimed to assess the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performed by soldiers before and after physical activity, taking account of smoking by the examined persons. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty-four soldiers took part in the study. The assessment included a 2-minute CPR performance by the soldier before and after physical activity in the Tactical Field Care zone. The Little Anne phantom was used to record CPR quality. Among the examined soldiers, 20% were active smokers. RESULTS: The research showed that the average CPR effectiveness before exercise was significantly higher than after combat operations (75% vs. 73%). The research also demonstrated that, physical fatigue significantly reduced the rate of chest compressions and the percentage of full chest recoil during CPR. Smoking had no significant effect on the quality of CPR performance. The quality of performance of the CPR components correlated with Body Mass Index (BMI), age, and time since the last training completion. CONCLUSIONS: The quality of CPR performance after combat exercise is lower than before the physical fatigue. While smoking does not affect CPR performance quality, other factors such as BMI, age, and time since the last training completion are relevant in this context.
简介:事件的目击者在受害者心脏骤停的诊断中起着重要的作用。迅速采取行动恢复基本生活功能是院前援助的实质，这不仅适用于平民情况，也适用于作战行动。在突发事件和军民合作中，士兵的身体素质和有效实施心肺复苏的能力使他们有更好的机会挽救心脏骤停患者的生命。该研究旨在评估士兵在体育活动前后进行心肺复苏(CPR)的质量，并考虑到被调查者的吸烟情况。材料和方法:54名士兵参加了这项研究。评估包括士兵在战术野战区体力活动前后进行2分钟心肺复苏术。小安妮幻影被用来记录心肺复苏术的质量。在接受调查的士兵中，20%是活跃的吸烟者。结果:研究表明，运动前心肺复苏术的平均有效性显著高于战斗行动后(75% vs. 73%)。研究还表明，在心肺复苏术中，身体疲劳显著降低了胸部按压率和全胸后坐力的百分比。吸烟对心肺复苏术质量无显著影响。心肺复苏各组成部分的表现质量与身体质量指数(BMI)、年龄和上一次训练结束后的时间相关。结论:战斗训练后的心肺复苏术表现质量低于身体疲劳前。虽然吸烟不影响心肺复苏术的表现质量，但其他因素，如体重指数、年龄和上一次训练结束后的时间，在这种情况下是相关的。
{"title":"Effect of physical fatigue and smoking cigarettes on the CPR effectiveness performed by soldiers","authors":"Beata Zysiak-Christ, J. Pieczyńska","doi":"10.5603/DEMJ.A2021.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/DEMJ.A2021.0022","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: The witness of the event plays an important role in the diagnosis of cardiac arrest in the victim. Taking quick actions to restore basic life functions is the essence of pre-hospital assistance, and this applies not only to civilian conditions but also to combat operations. During extraordinary occurrences and civil-military cooperation, the soldier’s physical fitness and the ability to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation effectively give a better chance to save the cardiac arrest victim’s life. The study aimed to assess the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performed by soldiers before and after physical activity, taking account of smoking by the examined persons. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty-four soldiers took part in the study. The assessment included a 2-minute CPR performance by the soldier before and after physical activity in the Tactical Field Care zone. The Little Anne phantom was used to record CPR quality. Among the examined soldiers, 20% were active smokers. RESULTS: The research showed that the average CPR effectiveness before exercise was significantly higher than after combat operations (75% vs. 73%). The research also demonstrated that, physical fatigue significantly reduced the rate of chest compressions and the percentage of full chest recoil during CPR. Smoking had no significant effect on the quality of CPR performance. The quality of performance of the CPR components correlated with Body Mass Index (BMI), age, and time since the last training completion. CONCLUSIONS: The quality of CPR performance after combat exercise is lower than before the physical fatigue. While smoking does not affect CPR performance quality, other factors such as BMI, age, and time since the last training completion are relevant in this context.","PeriodicalId":52339,"journal":{"name":"Disaster and Emergency Medicine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45103202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. Kosciuczuk, Paulina Woźniewska, Inna Diemieszczyk, A. Lukaszewicz, Krzysztof Bauer, M. Kokoszko, L. Szarpak, J. R. Ladny, H. R. Hady
INTRODUCTION: Additional mechanisms of neuromuscular blocking agents action create the haemodynamic condition during general anaesthesia. The aim was to investigate the effect of rocuronium on haemodynamic parameters during combined general anaesthesia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted in two groups: Group I underwent combined anaesthesia with rocuronium and Group II — combined anaesthesia without any muscle relaxants. Haemodynamic parameters: heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure were recorded before anaesthesia, at the end of rocuronium infusion, and after recovery from anaesthesia. RESULTS: In both groups, the values of the median heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure recorded before and after anaesthesia were similar and did not differ significantly. In Group I, significant reduction in heart rate in the end of rocuronium infusion [74 (61–103)], (p = 0.01) and after recovery from anesthesia [71 (53–100)], (p = 0.03), compared to the value before anesthesia [81 (56–104)], were demonstrated. Additionally, significant reduction in systolic [130 (96–169); 114 (92–144)], (p = 0.04), diastolic [80 (54–109); 73 (47–99)], (p = 0.01), and mean [95 (72–106); 85 (68–109)], (p = 0.02) arterial blood pressure in the end of rocuronium infusion were noticed. The values of systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure after recovery from anaesthesia significantly increased in relation to the values observed in the end of the rocuronium infusion [129 (96–181)], (p = 0.01); [78 (47–107)], (p = 0.03); [93 (63–107)], (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The vagolytic effect was not observed during general anaesthesia with rocuronium. The changes in heart rate and blood pressure were associated with the rocuronium infusion and were normalized after recovery from anaesthesia.
{"title":"Effect of rocuronium on the heart rate and arterial blood pressure during combined general anaesthesia","authors":"U. Kosciuczuk, Paulina Woźniewska, Inna Diemieszczyk, A. Lukaszewicz, Krzysztof Bauer, M. Kokoszko, L. Szarpak, J. R. Ladny, H. R. Hady","doi":"10.5603/DEMJ.A2021.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/DEMJ.A2021.0020","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Additional mechanisms of neuromuscular blocking agents action create the haemodynamic condition during general anaesthesia. The aim was to investigate the effect of rocuronium on haemodynamic parameters during combined general anaesthesia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted in two groups: Group I underwent combined anaesthesia with rocuronium and Group II — combined anaesthesia without any muscle relaxants. Haemodynamic parameters: heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure were recorded before anaesthesia, at the end of rocuronium infusion, and after recovery from anaesthesia. RESULTS: In both groups, the values of the median heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure recorded before and after anaesthesia were similar and did not differ significantly. In Group I, significant reduction in heart rate in the end of rocuronium infusion [74 (61–103)], (p = 0.01) and after recovery from anesthesia [71 (53–100)], (p = 0.03), compared to the value before anesthesia [81 (56–104)], were demonstrated. Additionally, significant reduction in systolic [130 (96–169); 114 (92–144)], (p = 0.04), diastolic [80 (54–109); 73 (47–99)], (p = 0.01), and mean [95 (72–106); 85 (68–109)], (p = 0.02) arterial blood pressure in the end of rocuronium infusion were noticed. The values of systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure after recovery from anaesthesia significantly increased in relation to the values observed in the end of the rocuronium infusion [129 (96–181)], (p = 0.01); [78 (47–107)], (p = 0.03); [93 (63–107)], (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The vagolytic effect was not observed during general anaesthesia with rocuronium. The changes in heart rate and blood pressure were associated with the rocuronium infusion and were normalized after recovery from anaesthesia.","PeriodicalId":52339,"journal":{"name":"Disaster and Emergency Medicine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45970666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Kłosiewicz, Radosław Zalewski, M. Wieczorek, Joanna Faferek, M. Sip, L. Różański, E. Stachowska
INTRODUCTION: Discomfort from cold is a significant problem for trauma victims. Prehospital treatment of a hypothermic patient is hugely challenging for medical rescue teams. Preventing heat loss is a basic treatment in all levels of care. The main aim objective of this report was to examine the influence of low ambient temperature on cooling oxygen in a rescue set and to check whether heating the oxygen tube with the rescuer’s body is a legitimate method. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the control test, an oxygen tube was disposed of across a styrofoam board, whereas a study group was an oxygen tube hidden underneath the paramedic’s jacket. A thermographic camera was used to define oxygen’s temperature in different parts of the medical setting. The research was carried out in the winter season in the natural environment, which was comparable to the regular work conditions of the services. RESULTS: In a control group, the oxygen temperature in an oxygen mask was similar to the ambient temperature. This research has found that warming up an oxygen tube underneath the paramedic’s jacket resulted in a 12.9 degree increase in temperature in an oxygen mask. CONCLUSIONS: Keeping the oxygen tube underneath a jacket may serve as an additional method of preventing patients’ heat loss. The authors express the need for further research on providing hypothermic patients with warm oxygen. The authors believe that introducing such an easy method of warming up the oxygen may positively influence treatment results and give rise to a discussion on the presented method.
{"title":"Warming the oxygen with the rescuer’s body as a possible method of heat loss prevention in a prehospital setting. Initial report","authors":"T. Kłosiewicz, Radosław Zalewski, M. Wieczorek, Joanna Faferek, M. Sip, L. Różański, E. Stachowska","doi":"10.5603/DEMJ.A2021.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/DEMJ.A2021.0021","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Discomfort from cold is a significant problem for trauma victims. Prehospital treatment of a hypothermic patient is hugely challenging for medical rescue teams. Preventing heat loss is a basic treatment in all levels of care. The main aim objective of this report was to examine the influence of low ambient temperature on cooling oxygen in a rescue set and to check whether heating the oxygen tube with the rescuer’s body is a legitimate method. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the control test, an oxygen tube was disposed of across a styrofoam board, whereas a study group was an oxygen tube hidden underneath the paramedic’s jacket. A thermographic camera was used to define oxygen’s temperature in different parts of the medical setting. The research was carried out in the winter season in the natural environment, which was comparable to the regular work conditions of the services. RESULTS: In a control group, the oxygen temperature in an oxygen mask was similar to the ambient temperature. This research has found that warming up an oxygen tube underneath the paramedic’s jacket resulted in a 12.9 degree increase in temperature in an oxygen mask. CONCLUSIONS: Keeping the oxygen tube underneath a jacket may serve as an additional method of preventing patients’ heat loss. The authors express the need for further research on providing hypothermic patients with warm oxygen. The authors believe that introducing such an easy method of warming up the oxygen may positively influence treatment results and give rise to a discussion on the presented method.","PeriodicalId":52339,"journal":{"name":"Disaster and Emergency Medicine Journal","volume":"28 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41273220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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