Pub Date : 2022-04-13DOI: 10.1007/s40806-022-00320-5
A. Figueredo, Netzin G. Steklis, Mateo Peñaherrera-Aguirre, H. Fernandes, Tomás Cabeza de Baca, C. Salmon, María Gabriela Hernández-Chaves, Siu Fong Acón Araya, Marisol Pérez-Ramos, M. Frías-Armenta, V. Corral-Verdugo, J. Aragonés, Verónica Sevillano
{"title":"The Adapa Tablets and the Tuxtla Glyphs: Coevolution Between Human and Nonhuman Animals","authors":"A. Figueredo, Netzin G. Steklis, Mateo Peñaherrera-Aguirre, H. Fernandes, Tomás Cabeza de Baca, C. Salmon, María Gabriela Hernández-Chaves, Siu Fong Acón Araya, Marisol Pérez-Ramos, M. Frías-Armenta, V. Corral-Verdugo, J. Aragonés, Verónica Sevillano","doi":"10.1007/s40806-022-00320-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40806-022-00320-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52399,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Psychological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47634472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.1007/s40806-022-00318-z
Kristopher J. Brazil, A. Volk
{"title":"Cads in Dads’ Clothing? Psychopathic Traits and Men’s Preferences for Mating, Parental, and Somatic Investment","authors":"Kristopher J. Brazil, A. Volk","doi":"10.1007/s40806-022-00318-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40806-022-00318-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52399,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Psychological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45247744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-21DOI: 10.1007/s40806-022-00319-y
Sylis C. Nicolas, Lisa L. M. Welling
{"title":"A Preliminary Investigation Into Women’s Sexual Risk-taking That Could Lead to Unintended Pregnancy","authors":"Sylis C. Nicolas, Lisa L. M. Welling","doi":"10.1007/s40806-022-00319-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40806-022-00319-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52399,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Psychological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44826041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-03DOI: 10.1007/s40806-021-00311-y
Rachel Zambrano, Mateo Peñaherrera-Aguirre, A. Figueredo, W. J. Jacobs
{"title":"Comparing and Contrasting Rates of Firearm Homicides and Suicides","authors":"Rachel Zambrano, Mateo Peñaherrera-Aguirre, A. Figueredo, W. J. Jacobs","doi":"10.1007/s40806-021-00311-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40806-021-00311-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52399,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Psychological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48502108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-18DOI: 10.1007/s40806-022-00334-z
B. Vincent, Mariola Sztwiertnia, Rebecca Koomen, Jasmine G. Warren
{"title":"Discounting for Money, Food, and Sex, over the Menstrual Cycle","authors":"B. Vincent, Mariola Sztwiertnia, Rebecca Koomen, Jasmine G. Warren","doi":"10.1007/s40806-022-00334-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40806-022-00334-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52399,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Psychological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"52975884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-14DOI: 10.1007/s40806-022-00317-0
Jing Zhang, Lijun Zheng
{"title":"Adverse Childhood Experiences Predict Preference for Male Facial Masculinity in Gay Men in China","authors":"Jing Zhang, Lijun Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s40806-022-00317-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40806-022-00317-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52399,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Psychological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41465754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-02DOI: 10.1007/s40806-022-00315-2
Mitch Brown, Steele Donahoe, Kaitlyn N. Boykin
{"title":"Physical Strength as a Cue to Men’s Capability as Protective Parents","authors":"Mitch Brown, Steele Donahoe, Kaitlyn N. Boykin","doi":"10.1007/s40806-022-00315-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40806-022-00315-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52399,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Psychological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45956888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-21DOI: 10.1007/s40806-021-00310-z
Farid Pazhoohi, Oliver Lee Eric Jacobs, Alan Kingstone
A contrapposto pose, as exemplified by Michelangelo’s David statue, is an asymmetric body posture known for its beauty and prevalence throughout the world of art. Past research has revealed that contrapposto poses are perceived to be more attractive than an upright, erect pose. Yet, this empirical work has only considered perceptions of the female body. There has been no systematic, empirical examination of the effect of male contrapposto poses on human perception. Therefore, across three studies differing in experimental methodology (2D vs. 3D stimuli), we investigated the effect of contrapposto poses in male statues on perceived attractiveness, masculinity, dominance, dynamicity, and naturalness. Four classical statues known for their contrapposto postures were manipulated in their degree of contrapposto, creating five stimuli in total for each statue (two decreased and 2 exaggerated from the original). In two studies, participants observed and rated 2D renderings of the statues. In another study, participants rated 3D statues while being immersed in a virtual reality environment. Results showed that 2D images varying in degrees of contrapposto poses did not affect the perception of the male statues. However, in the VR study, significant differences in ratings of attractiveness, dynamicity and masculinity were revealed. Specifically, an erect posture (decreased contrapposto) compared to exaggerated contrapposto poses increased the perception of attractiveness and masculinity but decreased the perception of dynamicity. Collectively, the results provide the first experimental evidence that variations in contrapposto poses in male models affect people’s perception across a range of values, including on their attractiveness. We also provide evidence demonstrating the enhanced sensitivity of art perception within a VR environment.
{"title":"Contrapposto Pose Influences Perceptions of Attractiveness, Masculinity, and Dynamicity of Male Statues from Antiquity","authors":"Farid Pazhoohi, Oliver Lee Eric Jacobs, Alan Kingstone","doi":"10.1007/s40806-021-00310-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40806-021-00310-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A contrapposto pose, as exemplified by Michelangelo’s David statue, is an asymmetric body posture known for its beauty and prevalence throughout the world of art. Past research has revealed that contrapposto poses are perceived to be more attractive than an upright, erect pose. Yet, this empirical work has only considered perceptions of the female body. There has been no systematic, empirical examination of the effect of male contrapposto poses on human perception. Therefore, across three studies differing in experimental methodology (2D vs. 3D stimuli), we investigated the effect of contrapposto poses in male statues on perceived attractiveness, masculinity, dominance, dynamicity, and naturalness. Four classical statues known for their contrapposto postures were manipulated in their degree of contrapposto, creating five stimuli in total for each statue (two decreased and 2 exaggerated from the original). In two studies, participants observed and rated 2D renderings of the statues. In another study, participants rated 3D statues while being immersed in a virtual reality environment. Results showed that 2D images varying in degrees of contrapposto poses did not affect the perception of the male statues. However, in the VR study, significant differences in ratings of attractiveness, dynamicity and masculinity were revealed. Specifically, an erect posture (decreased contrapposto) compared to exaggerated contrapposto poses increased the perception of attractiveness and masculinity but decreased the perception of dynamicity. Collectively, the results provide the first experimental evidence that variations in contrapposto poses in male models affect people’s perception across a range of values, including on their attractiveness. We also provide evidence demonstrating the enhanced sensitivity of art perception within a VR environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":52399,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Psychological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138523924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Harrison et al. (2021) set out to test the greater male variability hypothesis with respect to personality in non-human animals. Based on the non-significant results of their meta-analysis, they concluded that there is no evidence to support the hypothesis, and that biological explanations for greater male variability in human psychological traits should be called into question. Here, we show that these conclusions are unwarranted. Specifically: (a) in mammals, birds, and reptiles/amphibians, the magnitude of the sex differences in variability found in the meta-analysis is entirely in line with previous findings from both humans and non-human animals; (b) the generalized lack of statistical significance does not imply that effect sizes were too small to be considered meaningful, as the study was severely underpowered to detect effect sizes in the plausible range; (c) the results of the meta-analysis can be expected to underestimate the true magnitude of sex differences in the variability of personality, because the behavioral measures employed in most of the original studies contain large amounts of measurement error; and (d) variability effect sizes based on personality scores, latencies, and proportions suffer from lack of statistical validity, adding even more noise to the meta-analysis. In total, Harrison et al.’s study does nothing to disprove the greater male variability hypothesis in mammals, let alone in humans. To the extent that they are valid, the data remain compatible with a wide range of plausible scenarios.
{"title":"No Evidence Against the Greater Male Variability Hypothesis: A Commentary on Harrison et al.’s Meta-Analysis of Animal Personality","authors":"Marco Del Giudice, S. Gangestad","doi":"10.31234/osf.io/6ua8r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/6ua8r","url":null,"abstract":"Harrison et al. (2021) set out to test the greater male variability hypothesis with respect to personality in non-human animals. Based on the non-significant results of their meta-analysis, they concluded that there is no evidence to support the hypothesis, and that biological explanations for greater male variability in human psychological traits should be called into question. Here, we show that these conclusions are unwarranted. Specifically: (a) in mammals, birds, and reptiles/amphibians, the magnitude of the sex differences in variability found in the meta-analysis is entirely in line with previous findings from both humans and non-human animals; (b) the generalized lack of statistical significance does not imply that effect sizes were too small to be considered meaningful, as the study was severely underpowered to detect effect sizes in the plausible range; (c) the results of the meta-analysis can be expected to underestimate the true magnitude of sex differences in the variability of personality, because the behavioral measures employed in most of the original studies contain large amounts of measurement error; and (d) variability effect sizes based on personality scores, latencies, and proportions suffer from lack of statistical validity, adding even more noise to the meta-analysis. In total, Harrison et al.’s study does nothing to disprove the greater male variability hypothesis in mammals, let alone in humans. To the extent that they are valid, the data remain compatible with a wide range of plausible scenarios.","PeriodicalId":52399,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Psychological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69645756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-10DOI: 10.1007/s40806-021-00312-x
J. D. Ayers, J. Krems, Nicole Hess, A. Aktipis
{"title":"Mother-in-Law Daughter-in-Law Conflict: an Evolutionary Perspective and Report of Empirical Data from the USA","authors":"J. D. Ayers, J. Krems, Nicole Hess, A. Aktipis","doi":"10.1007/s40806-021-00312-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40806-021-00312-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52399,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Psychological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"52975839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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