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SYNOPTICS, part X: application of the Synoptics model for the social analysis of states: Colombia (1991) and Nigeria (1992) 《SYNOPTICS》第十部分:应用SYNOPTICS模型对国家进行社会分析:哥伦比亚(1991)和尼日利亚(1992)
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/ijgenvi.2021.10040314
Herbert Rauch
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引用次数: 0
How the Thabarwa Nature Center deals with COVID-19 during the pandemic 大流行期间,塔巴瓦自然中心如何应对COVID-19
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/ijgenvi.2021.10044156
Elizabeth Marsh, Khema Cari
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引用次数: 0
Inequality in the distribution of income as a threat to the sustainable development of united territorial communities in Ukraine 收入分配不平等对乌克兰统一领土社区的可持续发展构成威胁
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/ijgenvi.2021.10045245
L. Horoshkova, I. Khlobystov
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引用次数: 1
Irrigated agriculture: a tool for green revolution in Ghana 灌溉农业:加纳绿色革命的工具
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJGENVI.2020.114862
E. Boon, Richard Oppong-Boateng, Ama Appiah-Acheampong, Naomi Buabemaa Gyekye
Policy-makers, technical and development experts have provided numerous reasons for Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries to adapt and replicate the lessons of Asia's Green Revolution (AGR) which is regarded to be an effective model for increasing agricultural productivity, reducing poverty and enhancing food and nutrition security. However, for SSA to successfully replicate AGR requires a firm grasp of the specific conditions under which it was implemented during the 1960s and 1970s. The changing environment, climate change impacts and erratic rainfall patterns are making the predominant rain-fed agriculture in SSA countries like Ghana unproductive and unsustainable. Consequently, widespread poverty, food and nutrition insecurity are endemic in most rural communities in the country. The views of eight development experts and 45 farmers were analysed and the key drivers that can facilitate a successful replication of Asia's experiences identified and analysed. A number of recommendations are then proposed to ensure a successful deployment of AGR to boost agricultural productivity, wealth creation, and food and nutrition security in Ghana.
决策者、技术和发展专家为撒哈拉以南非洲(SSA)国家提供了许多理由来适应和复制亚洲绿色革命(AGR)的经验教训,亚洲绿色革命被认为是提高农业生产力、减少贫困和加强粮食和营养安全的有效模式。然而,SSA要想成功复制AGR,就需要牢牢把握在20世纪60年代和70年代实施AGR的具体条件。不断变化的环境、气候变化的影响和不稳定的降雨模式正在使加纳等SSA国家主要的雨养农业变得低效和不可持续。因此,该国大多数农村社区普遍存在贫穷、粮食和营养不安全问题。对8名发展专家和45名农民的观点进行了分析,并确定和分析了能够促进成功复制亚洲经验的关键驱动因素。然后提出了一些建议,以确保成功部署AGR,以提高加纳的农业生产力、财富创造以及粮食和营养安全。
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引用次数: 1
A dynamic approach to the study of institutions in a green economy: macroeconomics, regions and industries 绿色经济制度研究的动态方法:宏观经济、区域和产业
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJGENVI.2020.114880
V. Sabadash, O. Pavlenko, O. Rubel, Aleksandar Shivarov, Kaled A. Asalam Moftah Adrwi, Anar Aghayev
The paper extensively reviews the implementation processes of the Association Agreements between the European Union and Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine in the area of environment. The correlation between the implementation processes of the Association Agreements on the environment with the institutional and neo-institutional theories is determined. The most complementary elements of the neo-institutional theory regarding institutional processes for the implementation of the Association Agreement between the EU and Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine in relation to the environment are developed. The neo-institutional methodology of environmental management based on the formation of 'institutional ecosystem' is scientifically reviewed and substantiated. The scientific elements that support its methodological integrity are defined: 'institutional dominants', 'institutional replications', and 'institutional players'. A decomposition of these concepts within the framework of modern economic-ecological and neo-institutional theory, and their connection in the context of the formation of the national institutional model of eco-management is analysed.
本文广泛地回顾了欧盟与格鲁吉亚、摩尔多瓦和乌克兰在环境领域的联系国协定的实施过程。确定了环境联合协定的实施过程与制度理论和新制度理论之间的相关性。关于欧盟与格鲁吉亚、摩尔多瓦和乌克兰在环境方面实施联合协定的体制过程,新制度理论中最具互补性的要素得到了发展。以“制度生态系统”形成为基础的环境管理新制度方法论得到了科学的审视和证实。支持其方法论完整性的科学元素被定义为:“制度主导”、“制度复制”和“制度参与者”。在现代经济生态学和新制度理论的框架内对这些概念进行了分解,并分析了它们在形成国家生态管理制度模式的背景下的联系。
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引用次数: 0
From shadow economy to lower carbon intensity: theory and evidence 从影子经济到降低碳强度:理论与证据
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJGENVI.2020.114874
Y. Bilan, Ing. Paulína Srovnalíková, J. Streimikis, S. Lyeonov, I. Tiutiunyk, Y. Humenna
The purpose of the research paper is to investigate the chain link 'pollution-shadow economy' in the context of the analytical estimation of the impact of individual factors and the level of carbon intensity of gross domestic product (GDP). The article determines the impact of individual factors with transfer to the system of chain interconnections based on regression analysis. On the basis of successive mathematical iterations consisting in confirmation of stationarity (Dickey-Fuller test) and cointegration of data series (Johansen test), the cointegration equations of the dependence of GDP carbon intensity on the level of economy shadowing, the amount of tax payments, the rate of unemployment and the amount of public expenditures on environmental protection have been constructed. It is scientifically based that in all the European countries without exception, taxes and public investments have the greatest impact on the carbon intensity of the GDP of the economy.
本文的研究目的是在分析估算个体因素影响和国内生产总值(GDP)碳强度水平的背景下,探讨“污染-影子经济”的连锁效应。本文通过回归分析确定了具有传递性的个体因素对链条互联系统的影响。在平稳性确认(Dickey-Fuller检验)和数据序列协整(Johansen检验)的连续数学迭代的基础上,构建了GDP碳强度对经济阴影水平、纳税额、失业率和环境保护公共支出的依赖协整方程。有科学依据的是,在所有欧洲国家中,无一例外,税收和公共投资对经济GDP的碳强度影响最大。
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引用次数: 15
Investigating the issue of fiscal sustainability in India: a state level analysis 调查印度财政可持续性问题:一个邦一级的分析
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJGENVI.2021.10036691
Varun Chotia
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引用次数: 0
A second phase sampling design for monitoring the nitrogen dioxide in Greater Cairo and Delta, Egypt 监测埃及大开罗和三角洲地区二氧化氮的第二阶段抽样设计
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/ijgenvi.2020.10039021
S. O. Ahmed, Reda Mazloum, H. Abou-Ali
Air pollution is a serious environmental phenomenon that threatens the whole world. In order to be able to take the necessary regulations and policies to face air pollution, one must first depend on measurements and analysis that are correct and reliable. Reaching a well-designed network is the first step to gain access to these measurements and analysis. Throughout the current study, the network of monitoring stations measuring nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in Greater Cairo and Delta Regions in Egypt is improved. Two approaches are followed namely: approach (A) and approach (B). For approach (A), the simultaneous algorithm is applied for adding 11 extra stations to the existing network. Approach (B) consists of two steps: the first step includes choosing the least influential stations of the network, then reallocate them in the second step along with the extra 11 stations using the simultaneous approach. Simulated data are then used to assess the modified networks. The improved network using either approach (A) or approach (B) gives better results than the initial one. However, the network obtained using approach (B) can be considered quite better than that using approach (A).
空气污染是一个严重的环境现象,威胁着整个世界。为了能够采取必要的法规和政策来应对空气污染,首先必须依靠正确可靠的测量和分析。建立一个设计良好的网络是获得这些测量和分析的第一步。在目前的研究中,埃及大开罗和三角洲地区测量二氧化氮(NO2)的监测站网络得到了改进。采用(A)和(B)两种方法。(A)方法采用同步算法,在现有网络中增加11个站点。方法(B)包括两步:第一步选择网络中影响最小的站点,然后在第二步使用同步方法将其与额外的11个站点重新分配。然后使用模拟数据来评估修改后的网络。使用方法(A)或方法(B)的改进网络比最初的网络得到更好的结果。然而,使用方法(B)获得的网络可以认为比使用方法(A)获得的网络要好得多。
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引用次数: 0
Econometric analysis of the national economy sustainable development based on environmental Kuznets curve 基于环境库兹涅茨曲线的国民经济可持续发展计量分析
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJGENVI.2020.114870
L. Horoshkova, I. Khlobystov, S. Kozmenko, V. Trofymchuk
The global environmental threats and related problems justify the need to shape parameters, conditions and mechanisms for sustainable development. This is especially urgent for developing countries. The purpose of the article is to study the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis and to understand the key determinants of national economy sustainable development. The environmental Kuznets curve is estimated through the relationship between GDP and pollution volumes (e.g., sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon oxide, and dioxide emissions). It was found that Ukraine has not reached a break-even point to start the sloping down pattern of pollution. The paper justifies the need for environmental investments to increase based on the relationships between current/capital environmental costs and air emissions. The paper suggests a specific shape of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) in Ukraine with several break-even points. It is proposed to formulate a coherent policy on economic, social, and environmental components necessary to create the conditions for achieving the break-even point parameters in the Ukrainian economy.
全球环境威胁和有关问题证明有必要制定可持续发展的参数、条件和机制。这对发展中国家来说尤其紧迫。本文的目的是研究环境库兹涅茨曲线假设,了解国民经济可持续发展的关键决定因素。环境库兹涅茨曲线是通过GDP与污染量(如二氧化硫、二氧化氮、二氧化碳和二氧化碳排放)之间的关系来估计的。人们发现,乌克兰还没有达到一个盈亏平衡点,无法开始污染的倾斜下降模式。本文基于当前/资本环境成本与空气排放之间的关系,证明了增加环境投资的必要性。本文提出了一种特殊形状的环境库兹涅茨曲线(EKC)在乌克兰有几个盈亏平衡点。建议就必要的经济、社会和环境因素制定连贯的政策,为实现乌克兰经济的收支平衡点参数创造条件。
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引用次数: 0
Persistent water pollutants: case of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in the Czech Republic 持久性水污染物:捷克共和国乙二胺四乙酸案例
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJGENVI.2020.114884
J. Prásek, P. Sauer, Karolína Keprtová
Reuse and recycling of products composed of natural matter is relatively without significant environmental problems. However, recycling of products produced using modern synthetic technologies often brings new challenges. Our analysis has shown that substitution of citric acid with artificial substance of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid causes important environmental problems. The case study carried out in the Elbe river basin shows that the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid concentration standard has been exceeded, particularly from confluence of the Vltava and Elbe rivers. Open questions and tasks for future technological development and environmental policies are formulated, particularly the idea to replace artificial substances with nature-based ones. This would enable better introduction of circular economy ideas in the use of resources.
由天然物质组成的产品的再利用和再循环相对来说没有明显的环境问题。然而,利用现代合成技术生产的产品的回收利用往往带来新的挑战。我们的分析表明,用人工物质乙二胺四乙酸取代柠檬酸会造成严重的环境问题。在易北河流域进行的案例研究表明,乙二胺四乙酸浓度超标,特别是伏尔塔瓦河和易北河汇合处的浓度超标。提出了未来技术发展和环境政策的开放性问题和任务,特别是以自然物质取代人工物质的想法。这将有助于在资源利用中更好地引入循环经济理念。
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International Journal of Global Environmental Issues
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