Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.2478/foecol-2023-0019
Jonatan Gómez, A. Nistal, Elizabeth Villagra, M. A. Dettler, Florencia Anabella Vazquez
Abstract In a fruit crop located in the Lujan district (Buenos Aires province, Argentina), we exposed plastic bottles to the environment for three years. We explored microplastics’ presence on thalli. Out of the potential five lichen species only one grew: Hyperphyscia coralloides. Microplastic particles were observed on the thalli. The present work represents the first record of H. coralloides growing on PET plastic. Considering the largest thalli size recorded, the results of the growth rate are similar in an average to those recorded for fruticose species. Finally, our results suggest that the contact of H. coralloides with microplastics may be a potential pathway for the incorporation of microplastics into ecosystems.
{"title":"First record of Hyperphyscia coralloides (L.) Scutari growing on PET plastic within a fruit crops plot and its implications","authors":"Jonatan Gómez, A. Nistal, Elizabeth Villagra, M. A. Dettler, Florencia Anabella Vazquez","doi":"10.2478/foecol-2023-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/foecol-2023-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In a fruit crop located in the Lujan district (Buenos Aires province, Argentina), we exposed plastic bottles to the environment for three years. We explored microplastics’ presence on thalli. Out of the potential five lichen species only one grew: Hyperphyscia coralloides. Microplastic particles were observed on the thalli. The present work represents the first record of H. coralloides growing on PET plastic. Considering the largest thalli size recorded, the results of the growth rate are similar in an average to those recorded for fruticose species. Finally, our results suggest that the contact of H. coralloides with microplastics may be a potential pathway for the incorporation of microplastics into ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":52505,"journal":{"name":"Folia Oecologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43876137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.2478/foecol-2023-0001
S. Bičárová, Veronika Lukasová, K. Adamčíková, L. Žatková, R. Milovský, A. Shashikumar, J. Pažitný, Anna Buchholcerová, D. Bilčík
Abstract Electrolyte leakage (EL) is the method commonly used to test the cell membrane integrity of plants under stress conditions. The cells of the leaf may be damaged by ozone (O3) entering the intercellular space as an oxidative stress agent. The modified EL method was used to test the oxidative stability (OxS) of plant tissue against O3-induced oxidative stress. The modification includes simulation of the artificial oxidative stress by additional ozonation of plant samples in the laboratory chamber. This modified EL method was applied to Pinus mugo Turra needle samples collected in the subalpine zone of the High Tatra Mts (Western Carpathians), in the years 2019 and 2020. Changes in the chemical composition of samples after artificial ozonation were traced by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. In addition, O3 uptake through open stomata was estimated by calculation of the modelled ozone dose (MO3D). We also conducted an inspection of visible injury (VIN) on the needle surface focused on the occurrence of O3-induced symptoms and biotic harmful agents. Regarding OxS results as well as VIN indices, P. mugo needles showed relatively low sensitivity to oxidative stress induced by O3. Therefore MO3D in a range between 14 and 16 mmol m−2 can be considered as O3 dose with minor phytotoxic effect on P. mugo growing in the mountains of central-eastern Europe.
{"title":"Modified electrolyte leakage method for testing the oxidative stability of Pinus mugo Turra under ozone-induced stress","authors":"S. Bičárová, Veronika Lukasová, K. Adamčíková, L. Žatková, R. Milovský, A. Shashikumar, J. Pažitný, Anna Buchholcerová, D. Bilčík","doi":"10.2478/foecol-2023-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/foecol-2023-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Electrolyte leakage (EL) is the method commonly used to test the cell membrane integrity of plants under stress conditions. The cells of the leaf may be damaged by ozone (O3) entering the intercellular space as an oxidative stress agent. The modified EL method was used to test the oxidative stability (OxS) of plant tissue against O3-induced oxidative stress. The modification includes simulation of the artificial oxidative stress by additional ozonation of plant samples in the laboratory chamber. This modified EL method was applied to Pinus mugo Turra needle samples collected in the subalpine zone of the High Tatra Mts (Western Carpathians), in the years 2019 and 2020. Changes in the chemical composition of samples after artificial ozonation were traced by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. In addition, O3 uptake through open stomata was estimated by calculation of the modelled ozone dose (MO3D). We also conducted an inspection of visible injury (VIN) on the needle surface focused on the occurrence of O3-induced symptoms and biotic harmful agents. Regarding OxS results as well as VIN indices, P. mugo needles showed relatively low sensitivity to oxidative stress induced by O3. Therefore MO3D in a range between 14 and 16 mmol m−2 can be considered as O3 dose with minor phytotoxic effect on P. mugo growing in the mountains of central-eastern Europe.","PeriodicalId":52505,"journal":{"name":"Folia Oecologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44927761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.2478/foecol-2023-0006
P. Michopoulos, Marios Kostakis, K. Kaoukis, A. Bourletsikas, A. Solomou, I. Pasias, N. Thomaidis
Abstract The concentrations of Co were determined in the hydrological cycle (in maquis and fir forests), litterfall and soils in maquis, oak, beech and fir forests. The concentrations in the hydrological cycle were characterized by high variability. The concentrations in soil solution were much higher than those in the bulk deposition and throughfall. The contribution of the earth’s’ crust in the bulk deposition enrichment with Co was not high but some minor quantities of Co can be considered to be transported in long distances. The concentrations of Co in litterfall were high in the fraction composed of lichens, flowers and mosses, especially in the fir forest. The total content of Co was significantly higher in the soils derived from mica schist than those in the flysch. The residence time of Co in the forest floor was rather long. This is an indication that weathering in the mineral layers plays an important role in providing Co for plant uptake.
{"title":"Cycling and status of cobalt in some forest types","authors":"P. Michopoulos, Marios Kostakis, K. Kaoukis, A. Bourletsikas, A. Solomou, I. Pasias, N. Thomaidis","doi":"10.2478/foecol-2023-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/foecol-2023-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The concentrations of Co were determined in the hydrological cycle (in maquis and fir forests), litterfall and soils in maquis, oak, beech and fir forests. The concentrations in the hydrological cycle were characterized by high variability. The concentrations in soil solution were much higher than those in the bulk deposition and throughfall. The contribution of the earth’s’ crust in the bulk deposition enrichment with Co was not high but some minor quantities of Co can be considered to be transported in long distances. The concentrations of Co in litterfall were high in the fraction composed of lichens, flowers and mosses, especially in the fir forest. The total content of Co was significantly higher in the soils derived from mica schist than those in the flysch. The residence time of Co in the forest floor was rather long. This is an indication that weathering in the mineral layers plays an important role in providing Co for plant uptake.","PeriodicalId":52505,"journal":{"name":"Folia Oecologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42306682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.2478/foecol-2023-0005
Bright Danso Appiagyei, Latifa Belhoucine-Guezouli, E. Bessah, B. Morsli
Abstract The Mediterranean Basin covers more than 2 million square kilometres and is surrounded by three continents: Africa, Asia, and Europe. It is home to more than 500 million people and is projected to reach 670 million by 2050. The basin is rich in species diversity, with a great wealth of endemism. The supply of ecosystem services is greatly challenged due to the trend of land use and land cover (LULC) change coupled with other global change drivers. The current study thoroughly reviewed the existing body of knowledge on the impacts of LULC change on forest ecosystem services. The LULC change is driven by synergetic factor combinations of urbanization, population increase, agricultural land abandonment and deforestation putting additional strain on forest ecosystem services. The review shows the potential impacts on biodiversity as well as ecosystem services such as wood and non-wood forest products, water resources, and carbon stock. Moreover, there is evidence showing the threats of LULC change to saproxylic beetle species, a key agent in the nutrient cycling process, posing a significant risk to a nutrient-deficient ecosystem. Therefore, there is a need to mitigate the challenges posed by LULC change and adapt forest management practices to impending changes to sustain the provision of ecosystem goods and services.
{"title":"The changing land use and land cover in the Mediterranean Basin: implications on forest ecosystem services","authors":"Bright Danso Appiagyei, Latifa Belhoucine-Guezouli, E. Bessah, B. Morsli","doi":"10.2478/foecol-2023-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/foecol-2023-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Mediterranean Basin covers more than 2 million square kilometres and is surrounded by three continents: Africa, Asia, and Europe. It is home to more than 500 million people and is projected to reach 670 million by 2050. The basin is rich in species diversity, with a great wealth of endemism. The supply of ecosystem services is greatly challenged due to the trend of land use and land cover (LULC) change coupled with other global change drivers. The current study thoroughly reviewed the existing body of knowledge on the impacts of LULC change on forest ecosystem services. The LULC change is driven by synergetic factor combinations of urbanization, population increase, agricultural land abandonment and deforestation putting additional strain on forest ecosystem services. The review shows the potential impacts on biodiversity as well as ecosystem services such as wood and non-wood forest products, water resources, and carbon stock. Moreover, there is evidence showing the threats of LULC change to saproxylic beetle species, a key agent in the nutrient cycling process, posing a significant risk to a nutrient-deficient ecosystem. Therefore, there is a need to mitigate the challenges posed by LULC change and adapt forest management practices to impending changes to sustain the provision of ecosystem goods and services.","PeriodicalId":52505,"journal":{"name":"Folia Oecologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41243284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.2478/foecol-2023-0009
E. Pipinis, Stefanos Kostas, S. Hatzilazarou, S. Petropoulos, Dimitra Mitsi, Athanasios Stampoulidis, E. Milios, Pavlos Smiris
Abstract The present study investigates the effect of donor tree age (juvenile, adult), collection time (March, November) and the K-IBA (indole-3-butyric acid potassium salt; 0, 3, 6, 12 g L−1 K-IBA) application on rooting of T. baccata stem cuttings. Terminal hardwood leaf stem cuttings were collected of the year 2013 from individuals growing in their natural habitat in the Cholomontas mountains in the northern part of Greece. In cuttings taken from adult individuals, the application of K-IBA only significantly improved the rooting percentage. However, in cuttings taken from juvenile individuals, the collection time and K-IBA application as well as their interaction were statistically significant. In November collection, the cuttings treated with 12 g L−1 of K-IBA exhibited the highest rooting percentage (98.3%), while in March collection, the cuttings treated with 3 g L−1 of K-IBA exhibited higher rooting percentages (61.7%) than those of control (41.7%). In cuttings taken from juvenile individuals, the K-IBA application significantly improved the rooting of cuttings collected in November compared with those collected in March. The cuttings taken from juvenile individuals, exhibited significantly higher rooting percentages than those taken from adult individuals.
摘要本研究考察了供体树龄(幼树、成树)、采收时间(3月、11月)和K-IBA(吲哚-3-丁酸钾盐;0、3、6、12 g L−1 K-IBA)对牛蒡茎插条生根的影响。2013年，从生长在希腊北部Cholomontas山脉自然栖息地的个体中收集了末端硬木叶茎扦插。在成虫扦插中，施用K-IBA只显著提高了生根率。而在幼枝扦插中，采穗时间、K-IBA用量及其交互作用均有显著的统计学意义。11月采收时，12 g L−1 K-IBA处理的扦插生根率最高，为98.3%;3月采收时，3 g L−1 K-IBA处理的扦插生根率为61.7%，高于对照(41.7%)。在幼枝扦插中，施用K-IBA显著提高了11月扦插的生根率。幼枝扦插生根率显著高于成年枝扦插生根率。
{"title":"Effects of donor tree age, cutting collection time and K-IBA application on rooting ability of Taxus baccata L. stem cuttings: preliminary results","authors":"E. Pipinis, Stefanos Kostas, S. Hatzilazarou, S. Petropoulos, Dimitra Mitsi, Athanasios Stampoulidis, E. Milios, Pavlos Smiris","doi":"10.2478/foecol-2023-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/foecol-2023-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present study investigates the effect of donor tree age (juvenile, adult), collection time (March, November) and the K-IBA (indole-3-butyric acid potassium salt; 0, 3, 6, 12 g L−1 K-IBA) application on rooting of T. baccata stem cuttings. Terminal hardwood leaf stem cuttings were collected of the year 2013 from individuals growing in their natural habitat in the Cholomontas mountains in the northern part of Greece. In cuttings taken from adult individuals, the application of K-IBA only significantly improved the rooting percentage. However, in cuttings taken from juvenile individuals, the collection time and K-IBA application as well as their interaction were statistically significant. In November collection, the cuttings treated with 12 g L−1 of K-IBA exhibited the highest rooting percentage (98.3%), while in March collection, the cuttings treated with 3 g L−1 of K-IBA exhibited higher rooting percentages (61.7%) than those of control (41.7%). In cuttings taken from juvenile individuals, the K-IBA application significantly improved the rooting of cuttings collected in November compared with those collected in March. The cuttings taken from juvenile individuals, exhibited significantly higher rooting percentages than those taken from adult individuals.","PeriodicalId":52505,"journal":{"name":"Folia Oecologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47452861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.2478/foecol-2023-0008
Styliani Chatziathanasiou, K. Kitikidou, E. Milios
Abstract The ability to estimate the space volume that a tree occupies, in various heights, is a crucial factor in designing the street trees schedule in pavements of new urban infrastructures. The dimensions of Acer negundo tree crown in various heights can be the basis for a better space management in the pavements of cities. In this study, the height and the crown width of the A. negundo street trees in the Greek cities of Orestiada and Alexandroupoli and the allometric relations that can be found between them, were investigated. Data from 117 street trees growing in semi-permeable pavements of the two cities were used. In each selected tree, the total height (H), and the maximum and minimum crown diameter (CW) were measured. The selected model (CW-H) for Alexandroupoli exhibits a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.81. The R2 of the model selected for Orestiada is lower (R2 = 0.66). The R2 of the model selected using the complete dataset is 0.77. A. negundo appears to have greater crown width in Alexandroupoli compared to that of Orestiada. In Orestiada the conditions of growth were variable since in many cases the measured trees were under side shade, while this not the case in the corresponding trees in Alexandroupoli. The better fit of the selected model in Alexandroupoli compared to that of Orestiada is probably due to the more variable growth conditions of Orestiada.
{"title":"Allometries of Acer negundo for a better space management in two cities of northeastern Greece","authors":"Styliani Chatziathanasiou, K. Kitikidou, E. Milios","doi":"10.2478/foecol-2023-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/foecol-2023-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The ability to estimate the space volume that a tree occupies, in various heights, is a crucial factor in designing the street trees schedule in pavements of new urban infrastructures. The dimensions of Acer negundo tree crown in various heights can be the basis for a better space management in the pavements of cities. In this study, the height and the crown width of the A. negundo street trees in the Greek cities of Orestiada and Alexandroupoli and the allometric relations that can be found between them, were investigated. Data from 117 street trees growing in semi-permeable pavements of the two cities were used. In each selected tree, the total height (H), and the maximum and minimum crown diameter (CW) were measured. The selected model (CW-H) for Alexandroupoli exhibits a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.81. The R2 of the model selected for Orestiada is lower (R2 = 0.66). The R2 of the model selected using the complete dataset is 0.77. A. negundo appears to have greater crown width in Alexandroupoli compared to that of Orestiada. In Orestiada the conditions of growth were variable since in many cases the measured trees were under side shade, while this not the case in the corresponding trees in Alexandroupoli. The better fit of the selected model in Alexandroupoli compared to that of Orestiada is probably due to the more variable growth conditions of Orestiada.","PeriodicalId":52505,"journal":{"name":"Folia Oecologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45597233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.2478/foecol-2023-0007
Neven A. Abdullah, Haider S. Sh. Al-Jabir, H. J. Shareef
Abstract In light of global warming, pre-treatment plants with antioxidants may reduce the damage caused by climatic changes. Indian almond seedlings were planted in pots subjected to ascorbic acid and potassium chloride alone or combined to reduce the negative impact of high field temperature. Compared with the control, all treatments improved the plant height, branch number, number of leaves, and leaf area. These treatments reduced loss in concentration of photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid. Heat stress increased abscisic acid content and electrolyte leakage percentage, whereas the application of ascorbic acid alleviated this damage. Indian almond plants can better withstand high temperatures particularly using ascorbic acid treatments at 50 mg l−1 or treatment of ascorbic acid at 50 mg l−1 + potassium chloride at 250 mg l−1 to reduce heat stress damage.
摘要在全球变暖的背景下，利用抗氧化剂预处理植物可以减少气候变化对植物的损害。采用抗坏血酸和氯化钾单独或联合处理的盆栽方法，减少了高温对印度杏仁幼苗的负面影响。与对照相比，各处理的株高、分枝数、叶数和叶面积均有显著提高。这些处理减少了光合色素如叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素的浓度损失。热应激增加了脱落酸含量和电解质泄漏率，而抗坏血酸的应用减轻了这一损害。印度杏仁植物可以更好地抵抗高温，特别是使用抗坏血酸50 mg l - 1处理或抗坏血酸50 mg l - 1 +氯化钾250 mg l - 1处理，以减少热应激损害。
{"title":"Pre-treatment for heat tolerance enhancement of the Indian almond (Pithecellobium dulce) seedlings using ascorbic acid and potassium chloride","authors":"Neven A. Abdullah, Haider S. Sh. Al-Jabir, H. J. Shareef","doi":"10.2478/foecol-2023-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/foecol-2023-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In light of global warming, pre-treatment plants with antioxidants may reduce the damage caused by climatic changes. Indian almond seedlings were planted in pots subjected to ascorbic acid and potassium chloride alone or combined to reduce the negative impact of high field temperature. Compared with the control, all treatments improved the plant height, branch number, number of leaves, and leaf area. These treatments reduced loss in concentration of photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid. Heat stress increased abscisic acid content and electrolyte leakage percentage, whereas the application of ascorbic acid alleviated this damage. Indian almond plants can better withstand high temperatures particularly using ascorbic acid treatments at 50 mg l−1 or treatment of ascorbic acid at 50 mg l−1 + potassium chloride at 250 mg l−1 to reduce heat stress damage.","PeriodicalId":52505,"journal":{"name":"Folia Oecologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43203510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.2478/foecol-2023-0004
F. Brearley, M. Mansur, M. Eichhorn
Abstract Determining the spatial patterning of tree species can provide inferences on underlying ecological processes. Gonystylus brunnescens is a South-east Asian subcanopy forest tree. To determine the spatial patterns of this species, we recorded the distribution of all individuals in a 0.4 ha sampling plot in eastern Borneo. We found that the pattern deviated from random and was well-described by the Matérn cluster model; clusters had a radius of approximately 4.2 m and contained an average of six seedlings each. This supports the hypothesis of animal-dispersed seeds and, due to a clear lack of association of juveniles with adults, may be due to scatter-hoarding of seeds by small mammal seed dispersers.
{"title":"Spatial patterning of Gonystylus brunnescens in eastern Borneo","authors":"F. Brearley, M. Mansur, M. Eichhorn","doi":"10.2478/foecol-2023-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/foecol-2023-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Determining the spatial patterning of tree species can provide inferences on underlying ecological processes. Gonystylus brunnescens is a South-east Asian subcanopy forest tree. To determine the spatial patterns of this species, we recorded the distribution of all individuals in a 0.4 ha sampling plot in eastern Borneo. We found that the pattern deviated from random and was well-described by the Matérn cluster model; clusters had a radius of approximately 4.2 m and contained an average of six seedlings each. This supports the hypothesis of animal-dispersed seeds and, due to a clear lack of association of juveniles with adults, may be due to scatter-hoarding of seeds by small mammal seed dispersers.","PeriodicalId":52505,"journal":{"name":"Folia Oecologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44180726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.2478/foecol-2023-0002
O. Kunakh, Yulia Zhukova, V. Yakovenko, O. Zhukov
Abstract Floodplain ecosystems are hotspots of biological diversity and perform important ecosystem functions in the landscape. The key to understanding the sustainability of ecosystem function is knowledge of the relationships between ecosystem components. The article reveals the role of morphological and physical properties of soil, as well as phytoindication of environmental factors as drivers of biological diversity of soil macrofauna of protected ecosystems of the Dnipro River floodplain. The studies were conducted in the forest floodplain ecosystems of the “Dnipro-Orilskiy” Nature Reserve. The studies of morphological properties of soils allowed us to identify the representatives of two reference groups: Fluvisol and Gleysol. The soil physical property data were subjected to principal component analysis, which extracted four principal components whose eigenvalues exceeded unity and described 79.9% of the variation in traits. The principal components of variation in soil physical properties and phytoindication assessments of environmental factors were used as predictors of the community structure of soil macrofauna. These predictors were able to explain 29.6% of the community variation. Physical soil properties are most important as a driver of soil macrofauna. The morphological properties of the soil and phytoindicator assessments are able to explain a much smaller part of the community variation. The pure influence of the predictors is small, indicating that they interact significantly in influencing soil animals. The results obtained have implications for the development of optimal strategies for floodplain ecosystem management and biodiversity conservation.
{"title":"The role of soil and plant cover as drivers of soil macrofauna of the Dnipro River floodplain ecosystems","authors":"O. Kunakh, Yulia Zhukova, V. Yakovenko, O. Zhukov","doi":"10.2478/foecol-2023-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/foecol-2023-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Floodplain ecosystems are hotspots of biological diversity and perform important ecosystem functions in the landscape. The key to understanding the sustainability of ecosystem function is knowledge of the relationships between ecosystem components. The article reveals the role of morphological and physical properties of soil, as well as phytoindication of environmental factors as drivers of biological diversity of soil macrofauna of protected ecosystems of the Dnipro River floodplain. The studies were conducted in the forest floodplain ecosystems of the “Dnipro-Orilskiy” Nature Reserve. The studies of morphological properties of soils allowed us to identify the representatives of two reference groups: Fluvisol and Gleysol. The soil physical property data were subjected to principal component analysis, which extracted four principal components whose eigenvalues exceeded unity and described 79.9% of the variation in traits. The principal components of variation in soil physical properties and phytoindication assessments of environmental factors were used as predictors of the community structure of soil macrofauna. These predictors were able to explain 29.6% of the community variation. Physical soil properties are most important as a driver of soil macrofauna. The morphological properties of the soil and phytoindicator assessments are able to explain a much smaller part of the community variation. The pure influence of the predictors is small, indicating that they interact significantly in influencing soil animals. The results obtained have implications for the development of optimal strategies for floodplain ecosystem management and biodiversity conservation.","PeriodicalId":52505,"journal":{"name":"Folia Oecologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47824917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.2478/foecol-2023-0003
C. Gascon, A. Almazol, Ronald C. Garcia, Maynard M. Vitoriano
Abstract Native bees are pollinators and bioindicators of ecosystem health but only little is known about its abundance, species distribution, and habitat range, especially in the Philippines. This study assessed the diversity and spatial distribution of native bees in Mt. Banahaw de Lucban (MBDL). Belt transect coupled with opportunistic sampling were used in the inventory of bees and their nests. Nests occurrence and 7 environmental predictor variables including; 1) annual mean temperature; 2) precipitation of warmest quarter; 3) elevation; 4) slope; 5) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI); 6) distance to agricultural areas (m); and 7) distance to forested areas (m) were used for modeling species distribution by MaxEnt. A total of 16 species of native bees including representatives from genus Apis, Tetragonula, Lasioglossum, Halictus, Hylaeus and Megachile were identified. A total of 96 bee nests from 5 species were also recorded yielding a nests density of 234 nests per km2. Results showed medium diversity of solitary native bees with H’ of 2.488. Most bee nests were found in lower elevations while the distance from agricultural areas and the distance from forest areas had the highest contributions to the nesting of Apis breviligula, A. cerana, and Tetragonula biroi. The mean distance from forest areas of all bee nests was 649.930 m and the mean extent of suitable area for these species was 5.340 km2. Hence, a landscape approach may be more appropriate to conserve native bees and sustain the ecosystem services they provide in MBDL.
{"title":"Diversity and spatial distribution of native bees in Mt. Banahaw de Lucban, Philippines","authors":"C. Gascon, A. Almazol, Ronald C. Garcia, Maynard M. Vitoriano","doi":"10.2478/foecol-2023-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/foecol-2023-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Native bees are pollinators and bioindicators of ecosystem health but only little is known about its abundance, species distribution, and habitat range, especially in the Philippines. This study assessed the diversity and spatial distribution of native bees in Mt. Banahaw de Lucban (MBDL). Belt transect coupled with opportunistic sampling were used in the inventory of bees and their nests. Nests occurrence and 7 environmental predictor variables including; 1) annual mean temperature; 2) precipitation of warmest quarter; 3) elevation; 4) slope; 5) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI); 6) distance to agricultural areas (m); and 7) distance to forested areas (m) were used for modeling species distribution by MaxEnt. A total of 16 species of native bees including representatives from genus Apis, Tetragonula, Lasioglossum, Halictus, Hylaeus and Megachile were identified. A total of 96 bee nests from 5 species were also recorded yielding a nests density of 234 nests per km2. Results showed medium diversity of solitary native bees with H’ of 2.488. Most bee nests were found in lower elevations while the distance from agricultural areas and the distance from forest areas had the highest contributions to the nesting of Apis breviligula, A. cerana, and Tetragonula biroi. The mean distance from forest areas of all bee nests was 649.930 m and the mean extent of suitable area for these species was 5.340 km2. Hence, a landscape approach may be more appropriate to conserve native bees and sustain the ecosystem services they provide in MBDL.","PeriodicalId":52505,"journal":{"name":"Folia Oecologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44987813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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