Pub Date : 2024-07-09DOI: 10.24425/linsi.2024.150389
Borja Alonso Pascua
This paper is the first part of Alonso Pascua (in press). Both address the question as to why Jespersen’s Cycle (JC) evolved differently in Romance, focusing on the analysis of negation patterns in two West Iberian languages: Spanish and Asturleonese. The hypothesis that JC gets blocked when speakers are provided with evidence that negation is complex, but activated when this evidence is unavailable, will be tested. It will be contended that the alternation of two forms for negation in Old Spanish, triggered by adjacency with object clitics (OCs), provided speakers with evidence of the complex nature of negation and contributed to the blocking of JC. Conversely, it will be argued that the lack of such an alternation in Asturleonese hampered the speaker’s awareness of this complexity and favoured the activation of JC. This evidence will be used to support the hypothesis tested and thus contribute to a better understanding of the long-standing question of JC triggers.
本文是 Alonso Pascua（出版中）的第一部分。这两篇论文都探讨了为什么杰斯珀森循环（JC）在罗曼语中的演变方式不同，重点分析了两种西伊比利亚语言中的否定模式：西班牙语和阿斯图里亚斯语。我们将对以下假设进行检验：当有证据表明否定是复杂的时，JC 就会被阻断，而当没有这种证据时，JC 就会被激活。我们认为，在古西班牙语中，否定的两种形式交替出现（由与宾语从句（OCs）的邻接引发），为说话者提供了否定复杂性的证据，并促成了 JC 的阻断。相反，阿斯图里亚斯语中缺乏这种交替形式，这妨碍了说话人对这种复杂性的认识，有利于激活 JC。这些证据将被用来支持所验证的假设，从而有助于更好地理解长期存在的 JC 触发器问题。
{"title":"Divergent Pathways Of Jespersen’s Cycle In West Iberian Romance: Evidence Based On Spanish And Asturleonese (I)","authors":"Borja Alonso Pascua","doi":"10.24425/linsi.2024.150389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/linsi.2024.150389","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is the first part of Alonso Pascua (in press). Both address the question as to why Jespersen’s Cycle (JC) evolved differently in Romance, focusing on the analysis of negation patterns in two West Iberian languages: Spanish and Asturleonese. The hypothesis that JC gets blocked when speakers are provided with evidence that negation is complex, but activated when this evidence is unavailable, will be tested. It will be contended that the alternation of two forms for negation in Old Spanish, triggered by adjacency with object clitics (OCs), provided speakers with evidence of the complex nature of negation and contributed to the blocking of JC. Conversely, it will be argued that the lack of such an alternation in Asturleonese hampered the speaker’s awareness of this complexity and favoured the activation of JC. This evidence will be used to support the hypothesis tested and thus contribute to a better understanding of the long-standing question of JC triggers.","PeriodicalId":52527,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Silesiana","volume":"87 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141664723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-09DOI: 10.24425/linsi.2024.150396
Barbara Drozd, Natalia Wiśniewska
The article discusses the persuasive use of metaphors in the online discourse of influencers of the bodypositive movement, which aims to change the way society thinks about the body. Three cases will be considered: (a) first, the similarities in the conceptual metaphors used by the representatives of the two languages, (b) the metaphors used only in Spanish, (c) finally, the metaphors used only in the discourse in Polish. These three situations have been analysed and documented using examples Spanish and Polish examples, taken from publications posted on the Instagram platform.
{"title":"Metáfora Conceptual En El Discurso Del Movimiento Bodypositive En Instagram. Análisis Contrastivo Español-Polaco. = Conceptual Metaphor In The Discourse Of The Bodypositive Movement On Instagram. Spanish-Polish Contrastive Analysis","authors":"Barbara Drozd, Natalia Wiśniewska","doi":"10.24425/linsi.2024.150396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/linsi.2024.150396","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the persuasive use of metaphors in the online discourse of influencers of the bodypositive movement, which aims to change the way society thinks about the body. Three cases will be considered: (a) first, the similarities in the conceptual metaphors used by the representatives of the two languages, (b) the metaphors used only in Spanish, (c) finally, the metaphors used only in the discourse in Polish. These three situations have been analysed and documented using examples Spanish and Polish examples, taken from publications posted on the Instagram platform.","PeriodicalId":52527,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Silesiana","volume":"30 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141663833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-09DOI: 10.24425/linsi.2024.150395
K. Mizin, Oleksandr Petrov, Anastasiia Petrova
A self-conscious emotion of pride is viewed in the proposed article as a complex concept comprising the meanings of authentic, hubristic, and collective pride. It has been revealed that the specificity of cross-cultural expression and perception of this concept is to some extent influenced by the level of individualism serving as one of the criteria for culture classification. Different level of individualism in such related cultures as German and English-speaking cultures (ESC) served as the basis for the hypothesis that the emotion concept (EC) PRIDE in ESC (1) may be perceived more positively and (2) may contain more intensive meanings than Germ. STOLZ due to the fact that the level of individualism in the ESC is higher than German. Аs a result, their pride is more “individualistic”, i.e. it is more oriented towards an individual’s interests and needs bringing them more pleasure.
{"title":"The Influence Of Individualism On The Specificity Of Emotion Concepts Esc Pride And Germ. Stolz: Corpus-Based Analysis","authors":"K. Mizin, Oleksandr Petrov, Anastasiia Petrova","doi":"10.24425/linsi.2024.150395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/linsi.2024.150395","url":null,"abstract":"A self-conscious emotion of pride is viewed in the proposed article as a complex concept comprising the meanings of authentic, hubristic, and collective pride. It has been revealed that the specificity of cross-cultural expression and perception of this concept is to some extent influenced by the level of individualism serving as one of the criteria for culture classification. Different level of individualism in such related cultures as German and English-speaking cultures (ESC) served as the basis for the hypothesis that the emotion concept (EC) PRIDE in ESC (1) may be perceived more positively and (2) may contain more intensive meanings than Germ. STOLZ due to the fact that the level of individualism in the ESC is higher than German. Аs a result, their pride is more “individualistic”, i.e. it is more oriented towards an individual’s interests and needs bringing them more pleasure.","PeriodicalId":52527,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Silesiana","volume":"122 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141666325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-09DOI: 10.24425/linsi.2024.150392
Nimra Pervez, A. Siddique, Muhammad Ahmad
This study investigated linguistic variations to establish the legitimacy of Pakistani English as a distinct variety. The corpus comprised 70 discussion sections from Pakistani English research articles distributed across three academic disciplines (engineering, information technology, and literature). The analysis was conducted using Multidimensional Analysis Tagger v.1.1, which scrutinized 67 grammatical features across five dimensions. The results revealed significant differences in dimensions 1, 3, and 5 which indicated variations in Pakistani English. The results also showed the discussion sections: being highly informative, formal, abstract, and explicit in engineering; informative, and abstract in information technology; and less informative, explicit, and abstract in literature research articles. However, the results displayed fewer variations in dimensions 2, and 4 which suggested them being interesting for further research. Overall, this research contributed to our understanding of the linguistic variations in Pakistani English and its distinct characteristics across academic disciplines.
{"title":"Analyzing Linguistic Variations In The Discussion Sections Of Pakistani English Research Articles: A Multidimensional Study","authors":"Nimra Pervez, A. Siddique, Muhammad Ahmad","doi":"10.24425/linsi.2024.150392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/linsi.2024.150392","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated linguistic variations to establish the legitimacy of Pakistani English as a distinct variety. The corpus comprised 70 discussion sections from Pakistani English research articles distributed across three academic disciplines (engineering, information technology, and literature). The analysis was conducted using Multidimensional Analysis Tagger v.1.1, which scrutinized 67 grammatical features across five dimensions. The results revealed significant differences in dimensions 1, 3, and 5 which indicated variations in Pakistani English. The results also showed the discussion sections: being highly informative, formal, abstract, and explicit in engineering; informative, and abstract in information technology; and less informative, explicit, and abstract in literature research articles. However, the results displayed fewer variations in dimensions 2, and 4 which suggested them being interesting for further research. Overall, this research contributed to our understanding of the linguistic variations in Pakistani English and its distinct characteristics across academic disciplines.","PeriodicalId":52527,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Silesiana","volume":"40 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141663607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-09DOI: 10.24425/linsi.2024.150390
Remo Appolloni
The aim of this paper is to exploit the informative nature of datasets that can be created from corpus-based software to explore specific phenomena in early modern specialized discourse, and to corroborate the adoption of the same software for historical analysis. Particular relevance will be devoted to the special nature of historical evidence, which has caused critical issues in the reliability of the data collected for the purpose of historical investigation of English. Spelling variation, in this sense, is one of the most crucial problems of Early Modern English, and this has often affected the reliability of data to be collected via software, especially when statistical findings are involved. The normalisation of historical texts has contributed enormously to make texts better readable for historical corpus analysis; and, consequently, to improve the accuracy and manipulation of data. Moreover, several tools used in corpus linguistics have benefited from the normalisation of spelling variants in the same terms, e.g. part-of-speech taggers for historical variety. This case study will attempt to explore the data retrievable from corpus-based software like VARD, #LancsBox and CQPweb, and to use them to corroborate a preliminary analysis of early modern economics discourse in two treatises written by Gerard Malynes in 1601 and 1623.
{"title":"Opportunities And Threats Of Historical Evidence And Data Via Corpus-Based Software: A Case Study On Gerard Malynes","authors":"Remo Appolloni","doi":"10.24425/linsi.2024.150390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/linsi.2024.150390","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to exploit the informative nature of datasets that can be created from corpus-based software to explore specific phenomena in early modern specialized discourse, and to corroborate the adoption of the same software for historical analysis. Particular relevance will be devoted to the special nature of historical evidence, which has caused critical issues in the reliability of the data collected for the purpose of historical investigation of English. Spelling variation, in this sense, is one of the most crucial problems of Early Modern English, and this has often affected the reliability of data to be collected via software, especially when statistical findings are involved. The normalisation of historical texts has contributed enormously to make texts better readable for historical corpus analysis; and, consequently, to improve the accuracy and manipulation of data. Moreover, several tools used in corpus linguistics have benefited from the normalisation of spelling variants in the same terms, e.g. part-of-speech taggers for historical variety. This case study will attempt to explore the data retrievable from corpus-based software like VARD, #LancsBox and CQPweb, and to use them to corroborate a preliminary analysis of early modern economics discourse in two treatises written by Gerard Malynes in 1601 and 1623.","PeriodicalId":52527,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Silesiana","volume":"108 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141665984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-09DOI: 10.24425/linsi.2024.150397
Marta E. Strukowska
The purpose of this paper is to look into discourse patterns of President Joe Biden from an anthropological pragmatics perspective, and the theory of speech acts, in particular. I will argue that speech acts are double-edged tools in human communication that have the power to create objective facts accepted and maintained by human agreement on the one hand but are also determined by fluctuating socio-cultural context. In exploring the topic of the American presidency from an anthropological pragmatics perspective, this article addresses theoretical and methodological issues which further our understanding of linguistic structure of social reality determined by socially constrained functions that underlie culture. Thus, this paper argues for a broadened research path to advance the theory of speech acts in political discourse. An analysis of President Joe Biden’s language practices uncovers the rhetorical concept of ethos and its criterion of credibility that is indicative of his presidential status.
{"title":"Exploring Speech Act Patterns In Anthropological Pragmatics","authors":"Marta E. Strukowska","doi":"10.24425/linsi.2024.150397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/linsi.2024.150397","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to look into discourse patterns of President Joe Biden from an anthropological pragmatics perspective, and the theory of speech acts, in particular. I will argue that speech acts are double-edged tools in human communication that have the power to create objective facts accepted and maintained by human agreement on the one hand but are also determined by fluctuating socio-cultural context. In exploring the topic of the American presidency from an anthropological pragmatics perspective, this article addresses theoretical and methodological issues which further our understanding of linguistic structure of social reality determined by socially constrained functions that underlie culture. Thus, this paper argues for a broadened research path to advance the theory of speech acts in political discourse. An analysis of President Joe Biden’s language practices uncovers the rhetorical concept of ethos and its criterion of credibility that is indicative of his presidential status.","PeriodicalId":52527,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Silesiana","volume":"68 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141663036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-09DOI: 10.24425/linsi.2024.150394
Piotr Czerwiński
The aim of this paper is to determine the conceptual system of the Silesian mythological beliefs that is reflected in the names of demonic figures. These names are not only typical for the region of Silesia but they often refer to other parts of Poland (close or further to/from Silesia). The paper deals with the names of the figures and with their meanings. These meanings are the starting point to determine the features which are helpful for describing figures (and the set of their characteristic features) and for the presentation of the whole conceptual system. The fundamental elements of this system are the four basic categories – spatial locations, outward appearance, functional features (typical actions and roles) and harmfulness/harmlessness to a man. All the features of the demonic figures are presented here according to the levels being the manifestations and projections of these four basic categories.
{"title":"Силезский Демонический Топос В Номинативной Специфике. Топография . = The Silesian Demonic Topos In The Nomination Perspective. The Topography","authors":"Piotr Czerwiński","doi":"10.24425/linsi.2024.150394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/linsi.2024.150394","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to determine the conceptual system of the Silesian mythological beliefs that is reflected in the names of demonic figures. These names are not only typical for the region of Silesia but they often refer to other parts of Poland (close or further to/from Silesia). The paper deals with the names of the figures and with their meanings. These meanings are the starting point to determine the features which are helpful for describing figures (and the set of their characteristic features) and for the presentation of the whole conceptual system. The fundamental elements of this system are the four basic categories – spatial locations, outward appearance, functional features (typical actions and roles) and harmfulness/harmlessness to a man. All the features of the demonic figures are presented here according to the levels being the manifestations and projections of these four basic categories.","PeriodicalId":52527,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Silesiana","volume":"46 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141663737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-09DOI: 10.24425/linsi.2024.150393
La Yani Konisi, La Aso, Maulid Taembo
Landawe is one of the local languages in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. It is in danger condition because it has only a few speakers. The article aims at describing the maintenance of Landawe language and its correlation to people's attitudes in North Konawe, Southeast Sulawesi. The study used a qualitative and quantitative approaches and sociolinguistics theory. Based on the result, study shows that the use of Landawe language is decreasing. It is affected by both extra and intra-linguistics factors. Maintaining the Landawe language can be done through several steps, namely, a) use of the Landawe language in all conditions, either in family, meeting, or education domain; b) use of the Landawe language in media social, such as Facebook, Instagram, Telegram, and Twitter); and c) use of the Landawe language as competition object in various activities or parties. However, the negative attitude of society toward Landawe language is one of challenges to the maintenance of the language.
{"title":"The Maintenance Of Landawe Language And Its Correlation To People's Attitudes In North Konawe, Southeast Sulawesi","authors":"La Yani Konisi, La Aso, Maulid Taembo","doi":"10.24425/linsi.2024.150393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/linsi.2024.150393","url":null,"abstract":"Landawe is one of the local languages in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. It is in danger condition because it has only a few speakers. The article aims at describing the maintenance of Landawe language and its correlation to people's attitudes in North Konawe, Southeast Sulawesi. The study used a qualitative and quantitative approaches and sociolinguistics theory. Based on the result, study shows that the use of Landawe language is decreasing. It is affected by both extra and intra-linguistics factors. Maintaining the Landawe language can be done through several steps, namely, a) use of the Landawe language in all conditions, either in family, meeting, or education domain; b) use of the Landawe language in media social, such as Facebook, Instagram, Telegram, and Twitter); and c) use of the Landawe language as competition object in various activities or parties. However, the negative attitude of society toward Landawe language is one of challenges to the maintenance of the language.","PeriodicalId":52527,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Silesiana","volume":"55 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141663107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.24425/linsi.2023.146651
{"title":"Formelhaftigkeit als textuelle eigenschaft von rechtstextsorten am beispiel der textsorte ‘gesetzestext’","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/linsi.2023.146651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/linsi.2023.146651","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52527,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Silesiana","volume":" 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135244524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.24425/linsi.2023.146648
The article studies the use of linking adverbials (LAs) in English-medium articles by Polish and Anglophone scholars representing medicine and psychology, attempting to reveal discipline-and culture-specific preferences in the choice, frequency and distribution of linkers. The results show that disciplinary and linguacultural constraints impact on LA use. Variation across disciplines reflects differences in the knowledge base and its rhetorical management, as there are significantly more LAs in psychology than in medicine. Cross-cultural variation determines the choice of specific LA (sub)categories in line with the authors’ linguacultural backgrounds, target readers and publication contexts. These findings can raise academic writers’ awareness of culture-and discipline-driven aspects of adverbial cohesion in English academic prose.
{"title":"Adverbial cohesion in English-medium academic prose: disciplinary and linguacultural considerations","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/linsi.2023.146648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/linsi.2023.146648","url":null,"abstract":"The article studies the use of linking adverbials (LAs) in English-medium articles by Polish and Anglophone scholars representing medicine and psychology, attempting to reveal discipline-and culture-specific preferences in the choice, frequency and distribution of linkers. The results show that disciplinary and linguacultural constraints impact on LA use. Variation across disciplines reflects differences in the knowledge base and its rhetorical management, as there are significantly more LAs in psychology than in medicine. Cross-cultural variation determines the choice of specific LA (sub)categories in line with the authors’ linguacultural backgrounds, target readers and publication contexts. These findings can raise academic writers’ awareness of culture-and discipline-driven aspects of adverbial cohesion in English academic prose.","PeriodicalId":52527,"journal":{"name":"Linguistica Silesiana","volume":" 40","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135243139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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