中国医疗器械杂志最新文献

The proton therapy system has significant clinical advantages over traditional tumor radiation treatment equipment and is also far more complex in terms of system architecture. However, due to the large size and complexity of these devices, electromagnetic compatibility testing faces considerable challenges. To address these challenges, this paper studies the electromagnetic characteristics and working principles of various components in the proton therapy system, combines them with corresponding standard requirements, and delves into the difficulties and testing methods of electromagnetic compatibility immunity detection through actual repeated tests. Furthermore, the paper proposes testing key points for beam quality tests and provides references for the selection of emission sources and distance settings in radio frequency electromagnetic field radiation immunity testing. The paper also supplements and improves the descriptions of alternative methods in the standards and offers solutions and testing suggestions for issues such as the excessive thickness of cables in the proton therapy system and the lack of suitable fixtures in conducted anti-interference tests. The provision of these solutions offers more effective references for related staff during testing, helps address difficulties encountered in practical operations, and thus more effectively ensures the safety and effectiveness of proton therapy systems.

Depression's high recurrence rate and severe consequences pose significant challenges to public health. To address this issue effectively, this review explores the innovative application of wearable devices in monitoring and intervening in depression, surpassing the limitations of traditional subjective assessments and patient self-reports. The paper systematically analyzes recent studies utilizing wearable devices to monitor physiological and behavioral indicators of depression, categorizing them by different technological types and evaluating their practical effectiveness in early diagnosis and intervention. The findings indicate that wearable devices can continuously monitor physiological indicators and behavioral patterns related to depression, potentially enabling early detection of depressive episodes and supporting timely interventions. Despite challenges such as data privacy and user acceptance, wearable technology holds immense potential in enhancing clinical outcomes in depression treatment.

Integrated PET/MR is one of cutting-edge technologies in functional and molecular imaging. A review of the current development status of integrated PET/MR products can provide inspiration and promote the development of related fields. This study introduced the technical characteristics and research and development difficulties of integrated PET/MR products from both hardware and software aspects, summarized the publication of English and Chinese papers related to the clinical application of PET/MR products from 2008 to 2022, analysed the differences and current status of clinical application of integrated PET/MR products at home and abroad, and pointed out the development status and direction of integrated PET/MR products in China. Finally, the development of integrated PET/MR products was discussed in terms of technology, clinical application prospects, and market strategies.

Objective: To investigate the impact of different infusion media on the flow rate of infusion pumps.

Methods: Ten infusion pumps were randomly selected and tested for infusion rates using deionized water, saline solution, glucose solution, and parenteral nutrition solution. The infusion flow rate was set at 30 mL/h, and the testing methodology conformed to the standards for the calibration and quality control of syringe pumps and infusion pumps.

Results: For infusion set A, the infusion rate was unaffected by the infusion media, remaining within the acceptable quality control standards. For infusion set B, when infused with deionized water, saline solution, and glucose solution, the infusion errors were within the quality control standards. However, when using parenteral nutrition solution as the infusion medium, the infusion error exceeded the acceptable quality control standards.

Conclusion: Both the infusion set and the infusion medium can affect the flow rate of infusion pumps. It is crucial to calibrate the flow rate according to the specific infusion medium to reduce medical risks associated with infusion pumps during clinical use.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the wear properties of UHMWPE acetabular liners after undergoing 3 million (3 Mc) and 5 million (5 Mc) cycles of in-vitro wear testing. The results will serve as a reference for the design of in-vitro testing for hip prostheses and as a control for clinical revision removals.

Methods: Wear tests were conducted on three different sizes of acetabular liners (28 mm, 32 mm, and 36 mm internal diameters) using a hip simulator to determine the amount of wear after 3 and 5 million cycles. The analysis included the number, size, and shape of abrasive particles.

Results: After 3 and 5 million cycles of wear, the amount of wear on the acetabular liner increased as the inner diameter increased. The abrasive particles had an average equivalent circular area diameter (ECD) of 0.27 μm and 0.29 μm, and 94.4% and 90.1% of the aspect ratio (AR) less than 4.

Conclusion: The amount of wear on the acetabular liner after 3 Mc wear can indicate the wear performance of the product. The number of particles increased and the percentage of fibrous particles was higher after 5 Mc wear compared to 3 Mc wear.

Nursing beds can be widely used in medical institutions and households to provide medical care for patients or disabled individuals. With the increasing demand for nursing, nursing beds are developing towards intelligence and comfort. In this study, the backrest lifting mechanism of nursing beds is selected as the research object. The standards for backrest angle adjustment and the basis for comfort judgment are reviewed, and the research on various adjustment configurations are sorted in order to provide assistance to relevant research institutions in understanding current technologies and assist users in making choices.

The control strategy of rehabilitation robots should not only adapt to patients with different levels of motor function but also encourage patients to participate voluntarily in rehabilitation training. However, existing control strategies usually consider only one of these aspects. This study proposes a voluntary and adaptive control strategy that solves both questions. Firstly, the controller switched to the corresponding working modes (including challenge, free, assistant, and robot-dominant modes) based on the trajectory tracking error of human-robot cooperative movement. To encourage patient participation, a musculoskeletal model was used to estimate the patient's active torque. The robot's output torque was designed as the product of the active torque and a coefficient, with the coefficient adaptively changing according to the working mode. Experiments were conducted on two healthy subjects and four hemiplegic patients using an ankle rehabilitation robot. The results showed that this controller not only provided adaptive the robot's output torque based on the movement performance of patients but also encouraged patients to complete movement tasks themselves. Therefore, the control strategy has high application value in the field of rehabilitation.

To comprehensively meet the test requirements for the common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) across different ECG-particular standards, this paper presents the design of an ECG CMRR automatic test system. The hardware component primarily consists of a test signal generation module, an automatic control network (which includes a resistance-capacitance network control module and a polarization voltage control module), and a noise level switching module. The software portion enables automatic control and user interaction. Experimental results indicate that the system is stable, reliable, and highly automated, capable of satisfying the test requirements of various ECG-particular standards, thus demonstrating a promising application prospect.

In response to the issue that traditional lung nodule detection models cannot dynamically optimize and update with the increase of new data, a new lung nodule detection model-task incremental meta-learning model (TIMLM) is proposed. This model comprises of two loops: the inner loop imposes incremental learning regularization update constraints, while the outer loop employs a meta-update strategy to sample old and new knowledge and learn a set of generalized parameters that adapt to old and new data. Under the condition that the main structure of the model is not changed as much as possible, it preserves the old knowledge that was learned previously. Experimental verification on the publicly available lung dataset showed that, compared with traditional deep network models and mainstream incremental models, TIMLM has greatly improved in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and other indicators, demonstrating good continuous learning and anti-forgetting capabilities.

Objective: To explore the diagnostic value of micropure imaging (MI) combined with strain elastography (SE) in correcting artificial intelligence (AI) S-Detect technology for benign and malignant breast complex cystic and solid masses.

Methods: The S-Detect diagnosis results were corrected based on the manifestations of MI and SE of the 145 breast complex cystic and solid masses. Postoperative pathological results were used as the gold standard to calculate the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy before and after correction. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn for both groups, and the areas under the curves were compared.

Results: There were 80 benign and 65 malignant pathological results. After the correction of S-Detect, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, as well as the areas under the ROC curves, were all improved compared to before the correction.

Conclusion: Combining MI and SE to correct the diagnostic results of S-Detect can help improve the diagnostic efficacy of breast complex cystic and solid masses.