Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).05
Ina Dobrea, Adrian Rotaru, Ion Stratan
The optimal solution selection for the treatment of the neutral point in distribution networks (6-35 kV) holds significant practical importance as it directly or indirectly affects the continuity and reliability of supplying electrical energy to consumers, the behavior of medium-voltage electrical networks under single-phase fault conditions, and its impact on the quality of the power distribution service (duration and frequency of power interruptions). It also affects resulting overvoltages, adopted technical solutions, level of electrical security assurance, investments, and so forth. Developing a mathematical model for various methods of treating the neutral point in distribution networks allows for the calculation and analysis of these operating conditions, identifying the optimal one, thus avoiding experimental attempts that are limited by the advanced wear of equipment within the electrical networks of the Republic of Moldova. Based on the developed mathematical model, comparative calculations are performed regarding the feasibility of implementing the combined neutral regime.
{"title":"OPPORTUNITY OF USING A MIXED NEUTRAL TREATMENT SOLUTION IN THE DISTRIBUTION ELECTRICAL NETWORKS OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA","authors":"Ina Dobrea, Adrian Rotaru, Ion Stratan","doi":"10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).05","url":null,"abstract":"The optimal solution selection for the treatment of the neutral point in distribution networks (6-35 kV) holds significant practical importance as it directly or indirectly affects the continuity and reliability of supplying electrical energy to consumers, the behavior of medium-voltage electrical networks under single-phase fault conditions, and its impact on the quality of the power distribution service (duration and frequency of power interruptions). It also affects resulting overvoltages, adopted technical solutions, level of electrical security assurance, investments, and so forth. Developing a mathematical model for various methods of treating the neutral point in distribution networks allows for the calculation and analysis of these operating conditions, identifying the optimal one, thus avoiding experimental attempts that are limited by the advanced wear of equipment within the electrical networks of the Republic of Moldova. Based on the developed mathematical model, comparative calculations are performed regarding the feasibility of implementing the combined neutral regime.","PeriodicalId":52570,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Science","volume":"100 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135933321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).13
Alexandra Savcenco
For consumers, the colour presents an indicator that characterizes the quality of the food. As a result of the processes of caramelization of carbohydrates and products of the Maillard reaction, brown compounds are formed with a negative impact on the external appearance of food, which has led to the massive use of synthetic dyes, stable from a technological point of view. The objectives of the European Union foresee the transition to the exclusive use of natural dyes, because synthetic dyes significantly affect the health of the population. Compounds with "azo" type chromophore groups (amaranth, tartrazine) present carcinogenic dangers, being banned in several European countries. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the problem of synthetic dyes and their substitution in food, obtaining, stabilizing and using natural dyes for the food industry. The study highlighted that safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) presents a promising source of yellow and red dyes, necessary for use in the food industry, but insufficient information was found regarding the technological properties of safflower petals, the methods of simultaneous extraction of yellow and red dyes and the peculiarities of the use of dyes in the finished product.
{"title":"USE OF FOOD DYES: PROBLEM, SOLUTION AND SOURCE OF PERSPECTIVE","authors":"Alexandra Savcenco","doi":"10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).13","url":null,"abstract":"For consumers, the colour presents an indicator that characterizes the quality of the food. As a result of the processes of caramelization of carbohydrates and products of the Maillard reaction, brown compounds are formed with a negative impact on the external appearance of food, which has led to the massive use of synthetic dyes, stable from a technological point of view. The objectives of the European Union foresee the transition to the exclusive use of natural dyes, because synthetic dyes significantly affect the health of the population. Compounds with \"azo\" type chromophore groups (amaranth, tartrazine) present carcinogenic dangers, being banned in several European countries. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the problem of synthetic dyes and their substitution in food, obtaining, stabilizing and using natural dyes for the food industry. The study highlighted that safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) presents a promising source of yellow and red dyes, necessary for use in the food industry, but insufficient information was found regarding the technological properties of safflower petals, the methods of simultaneous extraction of yellow and red dyes and the peculiarities of the use of dyes in the finished product.","PeriodicalId":52570,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Science","volume":"92 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135933192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).12
Dinu Țurcanu, Rodica Siminiuc
In the context of complex nutrition issues, nutritional assessment software for people with gluten-related disorders can be a precious tool for professionals in the field. It could serve as a support for novice nutritionists. The purpose of this research is to develop software for the nutritional assessment of people with Gluten-related disorders (GRDs) in the Republic of Moldova, intended for nutrition students. The development of the Software followed the systemic approach of the Nutrition Care Process, which is a graphical visualization illustrating the internal and external steps and factors that influence the use of the process. The nutritional Software was developed based on the information system Embarcadero RAD Studio Alexandria Edition, having Microsoft SQL Server as a database. The developed Software offers a personalized and precise approach, taking into account the consumer's anamnesis, the results of clinical evaluations, and anthropometric parameters, but also specific biomarkers for GRDs and offering the possibility of data recording, scanning and archiving of the results obtained from the laboratories analysis sampling. The system includes functionality to monitor and evaluate client progress toward health goals, and nutrition users can effectively track progress and make appropriate adjustments.
在复杂的营养问题背景下，针对麸质相关疾病患者的营养评估软件可以成为该领域专业人员的宝贵工具。它可以作为新手营养学家的支持。本研究的目的是为摩尔多瓦共和国的营养专业学生开发用于谷蛋白相关疾病(GRDs)患者营养评估的软件。该软件的开发遵循了营养护理过程的系统方法，这是一种图形化的可视化方法，说明了影响该过程使用的内部和外部步骤和因素。该营养软件是基于Embarcadero RAD Studio Alexandria Edition信息系统，以Microsoft SQL Server为数据库开发的。开发的软件提供了一种个性化和精确的方法，考虑到消费者的记忆、临床评估结果和人体测量参数，以及GRDs的特定生物标志物，并提供了从实验室分析取样中获得的数据记录、扫描和存档的可能性。该系统包括监测和评估客户健康目标进展的功能，营养用户可以有效地跟踪进展并做出适当的调整。
{"title":"SOFTWARE FOR NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT OF PEOPLE WITH GLUTEN-RELATED DISORDERS","authors":"Dinu Țurcanu, Rodica Siminiuc","doi":"10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).12","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of complex nutrition issues, nutritional assessment software for people with gluten-related disorders can be a precious tool for professionals in the field. It could serve as a support for novice nutritionists. The purpose of this research is to develop software for the nutritional assessment of people with Gluten-related disorders (GRDs) in the Republic of Moldova, intended for nutrition students. The development of the Software followed the systemic approach of the Nutrition Care Process, which is a graphical visualization illustrating the internal and external steps and factors that influence the use of the process. The nutritional Software was developed based on the information system Embarcadero RAD Studio Alexandria Edition, having Microsoft SQL Server as a database. The developed Software offers a personalized and precise approach, taking into account the consumer's anamnesis, the results of clinical evaluations, and anthropometric parameters, but also specific biomarkers for GRDs and offering the possibility of data recording, scanning and archiving of the results obtained from the laboratories analysis sampling. The system includes functionality to monitor and evaluate client progress toward health goals, and nutrition users can effectively track progress and make appropriate adjustments.","PeriodicalId":52570,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Science","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135933322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).07
Vasili Braga
This paper explores the concept of Decentralized Autonomous Society through the lens of Large Language Models focusing on the transformative potential of integrating these technologies. The paper on the role of Large Language Models based agents in providing a versatile, responsive, and contextually intelligent resource within a Decentralized Autonomous Society, fostering intellectual exploration, assisting in complex tasks, and aiding real-time problem solving. One delves into their integration with Decentralized Autonomous Society infrastructures, including robotic and automated systems. While promising, the integration of Large Language Models and their agents into a Decentralized Autonomous Society poses several challenges, including infrastructure and connectivity limitations, information accuracy, artificial intelligence bias, privacy and data security, and ethical concerns. This paper critically discusses these issues and proposes potential solutions. Through the lens of the Decentralized Autonomous Society construct, the paper considers the future possibilities and implications of artificial intelligence, where self-sustaining, digitally-empowered communities leverage artificial intelligence as a cornerstone of their collective intelligence.
{"title":"DECENTRALISED AUTONOMOUS SOCIETY THROUGH LARGE LANGUAGE MODELS’ BASED AGENTS: A PATHWAY TO EMPOWER SMALL COMMUNITIES","authors":"Vasili Braga","doi":"10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).07","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the concept of Decentralized Autonomous Society through the lens of Large Language Models focusing on the transformative potential of integrating these technologies. The paper on the role of Large Language Models based agents in providing a versatile, responsive, and contextually intelligent resource within a Decentralized Autonomous Society, fostering intellectual exploration, assisting in complex tasks, and aiding real-time problem solving. One delves into their integration with Decentralized Autonomous Society infrastructures, including robotic and automated systems. While promising, the integration of Large Language Models and their agents into a Decentralized Autonomous Society poses several challenges, including infrastructure and connectivity limitations, information accuracy, artificial intelligence bias, privacy and data security, and ethical concerns. This paper critically discusses these issues and proposes potential solutions. Through the lens of the Decentralized Autonomous Society construct, the paper considers the future possibilities and implications of artificial intelligence, where self-sustaining, digitally-empowered communities leverage artificial intelligence as a cornerstone of their collective intelligence.","PeriodicalId":52570,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Science","volume":"96 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135933333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article deals with the problem of traffic in three traffic-light intersections in the street network of Iasi city. Usually, the existing traffic lights do not fully take into account the size, structure and parameters of the queue of vehicles waiting at intersections; which in turn affects the traffic capacity of the intersection. In the study, we used a representative set of measurements taken at the three intersections to interpret the variation in the crossing speeds of the traffic light intersection space by the vehicle columns using the linear regression method. We studied several categories of vehicles queuing before the stop line at the intersection. We made a statistical analysis of the time taken to cross three intersections by vehicles in different starting positions. The main results of the research showed estimates in good agreement with observational data as well as a significant reduction in vehicle speed (to 58%) when there are different categories of vehicles queuing at the intersection. This study can be used in the urban traffic diagnosis method, being part of a traffic study together with urban traffic forecasting and therapy.
{"title":"CROSSING SPEEDS OF CARS THROUGH SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS","authors":"Narciza-Izabela Galusca, Silviu-Cristian Iriciuc, Gelu-Răzvan Gimiga, Diana-Nicoleta Dima, Maria-Cristina Scutaru","doi":"10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).03","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the problem of traffic in three traffic-light intersections in the street network of Iasi city. Usually, the existing traffic lights do not fully take into account the size, structure and parameters of the queue of vehicles waiting at intersections; which in turn affects the traffic capacity of the intersection. In the study, we used a representative set of measurements taken at the three intersections to interpret the variation in the crossing speeds of the traffic light intersection space by the vehicle columns using the linear regression method. We studied several categories of vehicles queuing before the stop line at the intersection. We made a statistical analysis of the time taken to cross three intersections by vehicles in different starting positions. The main results of the research showed estimates in good agreement with observational data as well as a significant reduction in vehicle speed (to 58%) when there are different categories of vehicles queuing at the intersection. This study can be used in the urban traffic diagnosis method, being part of a traffic study together with urban traffic forecasting and therapy.","PeriodicalId":52570,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Science","volume":"98 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135933325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).10
Diana Crucirescu
The insufficiency of natural acidifiers in the food industry is a major problem today. The present study analyzes the acidifier from the unripe apples of variety Golden Rezistent. It had a significant amount of acidity (1.97 %) and impressive of total soluble substances (8.47 %). Malic acid and fructose were predominant with values of 32.95 g/dm3 and 45.55 g/dm3, respectively. The glucose content was 2 times lower than that of fructose, but citric acid and sucrose had very low concentrations. The acidifier was applied to the preparation of vegetable stew of type "Zacusca" under laboratory conditions. The recipe and the production technological scheme were developed. Physicochemical and sensorial indices were determined in the experimental samples. The elaborated product presented very good results compared to other similar foods, being appreciated with the maximum score. The implementation of the natural acidifier, obtained from thinned unripe apples in the food industry, is a key factor for the development of new healthy and ecological foods with a high nutritional value.
{"title":"APPLICATION OF APPLE ACIDIFIER IN VEGETABLE STEW OF TYPE „ZACUSCA” PRODUCTION","authors":"Diana Crucirescu","doi":"10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).10","url":null,"abstract":"The insufficiency of natural acidifiers in the food industry is a major problem today. The present study analyzes the acidifier from the unripe apples of variety Golden Rezistent. It had a significant amount of acidity (1.97 %) and impressive of total soluble substances (8.47 %). Malic acid and fructose were predominant with values of 32.95 g/dm3 and 45.55 g/dm3, respectively. The glucose content was 2 times lower than that of fructose, but citric acid and sucrose had very low concentrations. The acidifier was applied to the preparation of vegetable stew of type \"Zacusca\" under laboratory conditions. The recipe and the production technological scheme were developed. Physicochemical and sensorial indices were determined in the experimental samples. The elaborated product presented very good results compared to other similar foods, being appreciated with the maximum score. The implementation of the natural acidifier, obtained from thinned unripe apples in the food industry, is a key factor for the development of new healthy and ecological foods with a high nutritional value.","PeriodicalId":52570,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Science","volume":"98 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135933326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).11
Viorica Bulgaru, Liliana Popescu
Research work involves the instrumental analysis of the change in color (L*, a*, b*) and the sensory characteristics of the Simmental beef, parts of the carcass: T-bons, received from the local farm, during the dry-aging period for 0, 14, 21, 28, 35 days and for the roasted aged beef at high and very high temperatures. The analyzed beef samples presented uniform results for the chromatic parameters during the dry-aging period, being influenced by the values of meat pH and the water-holding capacity, namely: for the dry-aged meat, the L* parameter values indicate an increase in the brightness of the meat, for the a* parameter, decreasing values were established, which indicates a reduction in the oxygenation of the meat, a reduction of oxymyoglobin in meat, responsible for the intense red color and for the b* coordinate a slight decrease in values was observed, oriented to yellow color. For roasted beef parameter L* decreases due to the reduction of the beef moisture during the roasting process. The redness of beef a* decreases in intensity primarily depending on the beef aging period but also with the increase in the roasting temperature, due to the drastic degradation of myoglobin. The b* parameter also decreases, possibly due to the increase in metmyoglobin content during heat treatment. The sensory characteristics of the dry aged beef have been considerably improved due to the increase in the pH of the meat, which attracts the activation of meat-specific enzymes that contribute to the accumulation of secondary compounds with a major impact on the beef taste, aroma and juiciness. These aspects are later reflected on the sensory properties of the roasted aged beef, being intensified by the heat treatment process.
{"title":"DRY-AGED BEEF: COLOR PARAMETERS AND SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS","authors":"Viorica Bulgaru, Liliana Popescu","doi":"10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).11","url":null,"abstract":"Research work involves the instrumental analysis of the change in color (L*, a*, b*) and the sensory characteristics of the Simmental beef, parts of the carcass: T-bons, received from the local farm, during the dry-aging period for 0, 14, 21, 28, 35 days and for the roasted aged beef at high and very high temperatures. The analyzed beef samples presented uniform results for the chromatic parameters during the dry-aging period, being influenced by the values of meat pH and the water-holding capacity, namely: for the dry-aged meat, the L* parameter values indicate an increase in the brightness of the meat, for the a* parameter, decreasing values were established, which indicates a reduction in the oxygenation of the meat, a reduction of oxymyoglobin in meat, responsible for the intense red color and for the b* coordinate a slight decrease in values was observed, oriented to yellow color. For roasted beef parameter L* decreases due to the reduction of the beef moisture during the roasting process. The redness of beef a* decreases in intensity primarily depending on the beef aging period but also with the increase in the roasting temperature, due to the drastic degradation of myoglobin. The b* parameter also decreases, possibly due to the increase in metmyoglobin content during heat treatment. The sensory characteristics of the dry aged beef have been considerably improved due to the increase in the pH of the meat, which attracts the activation of meat-specific enzymes that contribute to the accumulation of secondary compounds with a major impact on the beef taste, aroma and juiciness. These aspects are later reflected on the sensory properties of the roasted aged beef, being intensified by the heat treatment process.","PeriodicalId":52570,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Science","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135933335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).02
Stanislav Slobodeaniuc
The operation of working machines is accompanied by the constant occurrence of vibrations and shocks, generated by various constructive, kinematic and dynamic factors. The study of the vibro-acoustic aspect of mechanical transmissions and, in particular, of precessional planetary ones is a primary concern for engineers in the field of machine building technologies. The paper presents the research of precessional planetary transmissions under the vibro-acoustic aspect in the anechoic chamber, which is a room, insulated with sound-absorbing material against external noises and isolated anti-vibration. To process the vibro-acoustic signals received as a result of the measurements, the Fourier harmonic series will be applied, a mathematical function that can be used to find the basic frequencies that make up a wave. The final result is the detection of vibration and noise generating sources, the decoding of signals by means of Fourier series and the advancement of constructive-technological solutions to minimize the vibro-acoustic level.
{"title":"PROCESSING OF VIBRO - ACOUSTIC SIGNALS OF PRECESSIONAL PLANETARY TRANSMISSIONS","authors":"Stanislav Slobodeaniuc","doi":"10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52326/jes.utm.2023.30(3).02","url":null,"abstract":"The operation of working machines is accompanied by the constant occurrence of vibrations and shocks, generated by various constructive, kinematic and dynamic factors. The study of the vibro-acoustic aspect of mechanical transmissions and, in particular, of precessional planetary ones is a primary concern for engineers in the field of machine building technologies. The paper presents the research of precessional planetary transmissions under the vibro-acoustic aspect in the anechoic chamber, which is a room, insulated with sound-absorbing material against external noises and isolated anti-vibration. To process the vibro-acoustic signals received as a result of the measurements, the Fourier harmonic series will be applied, a mathematical function that can be used to find the basic frequencies that make up a wave. The final result is the detection of vibration and noise generating sources, the decoding of signals by means of Fourier series and the advancement of constructive-technological solutions to minimize the vibro-acoustic level.","PeriodicalId":52570,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Science","volume":"98 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135933327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2023.09.10
Ahmed Sadeq Jaafar, Z. K. Abbas, A. Allawi
Worldwide, enormous amounts of waste cause major environmental issues, including scrap tires and plastic, and large waste, a consequence of the demolition of buildings, including crushed concrete, crushed clay bricks, and crushed thermo-stone. From that point, it’s possible to consider that the recycling processes for these materials and using them in the manufacturing field will reduce the adverse effects on the environment of these wastes and the consumption of natural resources. Sustainable concrete blocks can be considered as one of the products produced by using these materials as partial volume replacement of the coarse, fine aggregate, or cement content, considering their dry density, workability, absorption, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity tests evaluate their performance- and conformity with specifications. The results of tests on samples of sustainable concrete blocks showed the feasibility of using demolished building waste as aggregates instead of natural materials for their production.
{"title":"Studying Sustainable Concrete Block Efficiency Production: A Review","authors":"Ahmed Sadeq Jaafar, Z. K. Abbas, A. Allawi","doi":"10.31026/j.eng.2023.09.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2023.09.10","url":null,"abstract":"Worldwide, enormous amounts of waste cause major environmental issues, including scrap tires and plastic, and large waste, a consequence of the demolition of buildings, including crushed concrete, crushed clay bricks, and crushed thermo-stone. From that point, it’s possible to consider that the recycling processes for these materials and using them in the manufacturing field will reduce the adverse effects on the environment of these wastes and the consumption of natural resources. Sustainable concrete blocks can be considered as one of the products produced by using these materials as partial volume replacement of the coarse, fine aggregate, or cement content, considering their dry density, workability, absorption, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity tests evaluate their performance- and conformity with specifications. The results of tests on samples of sustainable concrete blocks showed the feasibility of using demolished building waste as aggregates instead of natural materials for their production.","PeriodicalId":52570,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73118330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.31026/j.eng.2023.09.05
R. R. Kareem, Z. K. Jahanger
The central marshes are one of the most important wetlands/ecosystems in the southern area of Iraq. This study evaluates the bed soil's mechanical, physical, and chemical properties at certain southern Iraqi central marshes sites. This was conducted to investigate their types and suitability for enhancing the agricultural reality of most field crops and for construction purposes. Soil samples were collected from 15 sites at 10-100 cm depth. Hence, numerous parameters were determined: index properties, unconfined compressive strength, direct shear strength, consolidation, texture, and sieve analysis, water content, specific gravity, dry density, permeability, pH, total soluble salts (TSS), organic materials (OM) and total sulfate content SO3. Results of this study showed that the bed soil of the Central Marshes is classified as clay-silt soil and suitable for planting different crops. Furthermore, Analysis of the results may have a role in the design and planning of upcoming projects, such as the construction of buildings and agriculture, that would have to enlighten the decision maker.
{"title":"Mechanical and Physiochemical Properties of Central Marshes Bed Soils – Southern Iraq","authors":"R. R. Kareem, Z. K. Jahanger","doi":"10.31026/j.eng.2023.09.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2023.09.05","url":null,"abstract":"The central marshes are one of the most important wetlands/ecosystems in the southern area of Iraq. This study evaluates the bed soil's mechanical, physical, and chemical properties at certain southern Iraqi central marshes sites. This was conducted to investigate their types and suitability for enhancing the agricultural reality of most field crops and for construction purposes. Soil samples were collected from 15 sites at 10-100 cm depth. Hence, numerous parameters were determined: index properties, unconfined compressive strength, direct shear strength, consolidation, texture, and sieve analysis, water content, specific gravity, dry density, permeability, pH, total soluble salts (TSS), organic materials (OM) and total sulfate content SO3. Results of this study showed that the bed soil of the Central Marshes is classified as clay-silt soil and suitable for planting different crops. Furthermore, Analysis of the results may have a role in the design and planning of upcoming projects, such as the construction of buildings and agriculture, that would have to enlighten the decision maker.","PeriodicalId":52570,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Science","volume":"31 Suppl 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90581916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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