We sincerely thank to the journal Editors and Invited Reviewers of our open access volumes No 50, 51 and 52. They are the people who make an internationally peer reviewed, open access journal. Reviewer’s helpful and constructive comments led to improvement in each manuscript and successful volumes.
{"title":"Acknowledgement","authors":"B. Batkhishig","doi":"10.5564/mgs.v26i53.1789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/mgs.v26i53.1789","url":null,"abstract":"We sincerely thank to the journal Editors and Invited Reviewers of our open access volumes No 50, 51 and 52. They are the people who make an internationally peer reviewed, open access journal. Reviewer’s helpful and constructive comments led to improvement in each manuscript and successful volumes.","PeriodicalId":52647,"journal":{"name":"Mongolian Geoscientist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42558832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Badrakh Munkhsuren, B. Enkhdalai, T. Narantsetseg, Khurelchuluun Udaanjargal, D. Orolmaa, Dolgorjav Munkhjin
This study investigated the multispectral remote sensing techniques including ASTER, Landsat 8 OLI, and Sentinel 2A data in order to distinguish different lithological units in the Alagbayan area of Dornogobi province, Mongolia. Therefore, Principal component analysis (PCA), Band ratio (BR), and Support Vector Machine (SVM), which are widely used image enhancement methods, have been applied to the satellite images for lithological mapping. The result of supervised classification shows that Landsat data gives a better classification with an overall accuracy of 93.43% and a kappa coefficient of 0.92 when the former geologic map and thin section analysis were chosen as a reference for training samples. Moreover, band ratios of ((band 7 + band 9)/band 8) obtained from ASTER corresponds well with carbonate rocks. According to PCs, PC4, PC3 and PC2 in the RGB of Landsat, PC3, PC2, PC6 for ASTER data are chosen as a good indicator for different lithological units where Silurian, Carboniferous, Jurassic, and Cretaceous formations are easily distinguished. In terms of Landsat images, the most efficient BR was a ratio where BRs of 5/4 for alluvium, 4/7 for schist and 7/6 to discriminate granite. In addition, as a result of BR as well as PCA, Precambrian Khutag-Uul metamorphic complex and Norovzeeg formation can be identified but granite-gneiss and schist have not given satisfactory results.
{"title":"Lithological mapping using remote sensing techniques: A case study of Alagbayan area, Dornogobi province, Mongolia","authors":"Badrakh Munkhsuren, B. Enkhdalai, T. Narantsetseg, Khurelchuluun Udaanjargal, D. Orolmaa, Dolgorjav Munkhjin","doi":"10.5564/mgs.v26i53.1790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/mgs.v26i53.1790","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the multispectral remote sensing techniques including ASTER, Landsat 8 OLI, and Sentinel 2A data in order to distinguish different lithological units in the Alagbayan area of Dornogobi province, Mongolia. Therefore, Principal component analysis (PCA), Band ratio (BR), and Support Vector Machine (SVM), which are widely used image enhancement methods, have been applied to the satellite images for lithological mapping. The result of supervised classification shows that Landsat data gives a better classification with an overall accuracy of 93.43% and a kappa coefficient of 0.92 when the former geologic map and thin section analysis were chosen as a reference for training samples. Moreover, band ratios of ((band 7 + band 9)/band 8) obtained from ASTER corresponds well with carbonate rocks. According to PCs, PC4, PC3 and PC2 in the RGB of Landsat, PC3, PC2, PC6 for ASTER data are chosen as a good indicator for different lithological units where Silurian, Carboniferous, Jurassic, and Cretaceous formations are easily distinguished. In terms of Landsat images, the most efficient BR was a ratio where BRs of 5/4 for alluvium, 4/7 for schist and 7/6 to discriminate granite. In addition, as a result of BR as well as PCA, Precambrian Khutag-Uul metamorphic complex and Norovzeeg formation can be identified but granite-gneiss and schist have not given satisfactory results.","PeriodicalId":52647,"journal":{"name":"Mongolian Geoscientist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49255241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuhei Takahashi, N. Ichinnorov, S. Jargalan, B. Batkhishig
Since the publication of the first issue of Mongolian Geoscientist, in October 1996, 25 years have passed and the journal has successfully evolved over a quarter of a century into a periodical publication well-known also outside the borders of Mongolia. Background and episodes of early publications were reviewed by Y.Takahashi, N.Ichinnorov, and S.Jargalan, who were members of the JICA-IGMR project. The present status of Mongolian Geoscientist is that of an internationally peer-reviewed, open-access journal, published by the School of Geology and Mining Engineering, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, with support from the Geological Society of Mongolia; managed by Editor-in-Chief B.Batkhishig, Consultant Editorial Board member O.Gerel, and Associate Editors B.Munkhtsengel, B.Altanzul, and Kh.Tseedulam.
自1996年10月第一期《蒙古地球科学家》创刊以来，25年过去了，该杂志已成功发展成为蒙古国境外知名的期刊。Y.Takahashi、n.i ichinnorov和s.j jargalan是JICA-IGMR项目的成员，他们对早期出版物的背景和情节进行了审查。《蒙古地球科学家》目前的地位是由蒙古科技大学地质与矿业工程学院在蒙古地质学会的支持下出版的国际同行评议、开放获取的期刊;主编B.Batkhishig，顾问编辑委员会成员O.Gerel，副主编B.Munkhtsengel, b . altanul和h. tseedulam。
{"title":"Birth and Developing of Mongolian Geoscientist journal","authors":"Yuhei Takahashi, N. Ichinnorov, S. Jargalan, B. Batkhishig","doi":"10.5564/mgs.v26i53.1791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/mgs.v26i53.1791","url":null,"abstract":"Since the publication of the first issue of Mongolian Geoscientist, in October 1996, 25 years have passed and the journal has successfully evolved over a quarter of a century into a periodical publication well-known also outside the borders of Mongolia. Background and episodes of early publications were reviewed by Y.Takahashi, N.Ichinnorov, and S.Jargalan, who were members of the JICA-IGMR project. The present status of Mongolian Geoscientist is that of an internationally peer-reviewed, open-access journal, published by the School of Geology and Mining Engineering, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, with support from the Geological Society of Mongolia; managed by Editor-in-Chief B.Batkhishig, Consultant Editorial Board member O.Gerel, and Associate Editors B.Munkhtsengel, B.Altanzul, and Kh.Tseedulam.","PeriodicalId":52647,"journal":{"name":"Mongolian Geoscientist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46852901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Battogtokh, A. Bayasgalan, Kang Wang, Davaasuren Ganzorig, Jargalsaikhan Bayaraa
A Mw 6.7 occurred at Lake Khuvsgul in northwestern Mongolia at 05:32:56 AM Ulaanbaatar time on the 12th of January 2021. The epicenter of the event was offshore south of the Doloon Uul peninsula around 30 km SSW of Khankh village. Shaking was felt within most of central and western Mongolia, including the capital city Ulaanbaatar ~600 km from the epicenter. The earthquake appears to have ruptured the Khuvsgul fault along the western coast of Lake Khuvsgul. The earthquake is the largest in Mongolia since the Mw 6.3 Busiin Gol earthquake in 1991. Our research team from the Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, Mongolian Academy of Sciences visited the epicenter area for 5 days soon after the earthquake and installed four broad-band seismic stations and searched the area for geological evidence of the earthquake. The location, azimuth, dip and depth of this earthquake defined by moment tensor solutions calculated by the international seismological centers and analysis of InSAR interferograms and field observations. The projected intersections of the east-dipping nodal planes with the surface for solutions of the international seismological centers and researchers correlate relatively well with the mapped strike and location of the old tectonic scarp of the Khuvsgul fault although we have not discovered any primary co-seismic surface rupture. The InSAR interferogram demonstrates the sharp discontinuity and fringes in the area between the Western Range and Doloon Uul peninsula which implies surface deformation. Aftershocks that have continued during the three months subsequent to the earthquake define overall strike of the mainshock rupture.
{"title":"The 2021 Mw 6.7 Khankh earthquake in the Khuvsgul rift, Mongolia","authors":"D. Battogtokh, A. Bayasgalan, Kang Wang, Davaasuren Ganzorig, Jargalsaikhan Bayaraa","doi":"10.5564/mgs.v26i52.1361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/mgs.v26i52.1361","url":null,"abstract":"A Mw 6.7 occurred at Lake Khuvsgul in northwestern Mongolia at 05:32:56 AM Ulaanbaatar time on the 12th of January 2021. The epicenter of the event was offshore south of the Doloon Uul peninsula around 30 km SSW of Khankh village. Shaking was felt within most of central and western Mongolia, including the capital city Ulaanbaatar ~600 km from the epicenter. The earthquake appears to have ruptured the Khuvsgul fault along the western coast of Lake Khuvsgul. The earthquake is the largest in Mongolia since the Mw 6.3 Busiin Gol earthquake in 1991. Our research team from the Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, Mongolian Academy of Sciences visited the epicenter area for 5 days soon after the earthquake and installed four broad-band seismic stations and searched the area for geological evidence of the earthquake. The location, azimuth, dip and depth of this earthquake defined by moment tensor solutions calculated by the international seismological centers and analysis of InSAR interferograms and field observations. The projected intersections of the east-dipping nodal planes with the surface for solutions of the international seismological centers and researchers correlate relatively well with the mapped strike and location of the old tectonic scarp of the Khuvsgul fault although we have not discovered any primary co-seismic surface rupture. The InSAR interferogram demonstrates the sharp discontinuity and fringes in the area between the Western Range and Doloon Uul peninsula which implies surface deformation. Aftershocks that have continued during the three months subsequent to the earthquake define overall strike of the mainshock rupture.","PeriodicalId":52647,"journal":{"name":"Mongolian Geoscientist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47323380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study presents the modern glacier dynamics in Mt. Tsambagarav in the Mongolian Altai Mountain Range over the last four decades. This is the first review of this type of glacier dynamics for this massif. Changes in glacier area in Mt. Tsambagarav are estimated using normalized indexes (Normalized Difference Snow Index and Normalized Difference Principal Component Snow Index). Spatial distribution of the modern glaciers delineated with Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS: resolution of 80 m), Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM: resolution of 30 m) and Landsat Operational Land Imager (OLI: resolution of 30 m) imageries. Result shows that Mt. Tsambagarav has lost 51.7% of the glacier area from 132.24 km2 in 1977 to 63.92 km2 in 2017. The loss in glacier area for Mt. Tsambagarav during the last 40 years reflect the rapid response of the modern glacier to climate change, i.e., it is highly sensitive to solar insolation and/or rapidly rising local and regional mean annual temperatures. The remote sensing data and field survey suggest that the modern glaciers would be disappeared on a scale of decades. Rapid melting of the glacier in this massif contributes to surface water resources in western Mongolia. This study demonstrates the importance of spatial analysis in the remote area for understanding the context of changes in the modern glaciers.
{"title":"Modern glacier dynamics in Mt. Tsambagarav in the Mongolian Altai Mountain Range","authors":"Tuyagerel Davaagatan, A. Orkhonselenge","doi":"10.5564/mgs.v51i0.1458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/mgs.v51i0.1458","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the modern glacier dynamics in Mt. Tsambagarav in the Mongolian Altai Mountain Range over the last four decades. This is the first review of this type of glacier dynamics for this massif. Changes in glacier area in Mt. Tsambagarav are estimated using normalized indexes (Normalized Difference Snow Index and Normalized Difference Principal Component Snow Index). Spatial distribution of the modern glaciers delineated with Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS: resolution of 80 m), Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM: resolution of 30 m) and Landsat Operational Land Imager (OLI: resolution of 30 m) imageries. Result shows that Mt. Tsambagarav has lost 51.7% of the glacier area from 132.24 km2 in 1977 to 63.92 km2 in 2017. The loss in glacier area for Mt. Tsambagarav during the last 40 years reflect the rapid response of the modern glacier to climate change, i.e., it is highly sensitive to solar insolation and/or rapidly rising local and regional mean annual temperatures. The remote sensing data and field survey suggest that the modern glaciers would be disappeared on a scale of decades. Rapid melting of the glacier in this massif contributes to surface water resources in western Mongolia. This study demonstrates the importance of spatial analysis in the remote area for understanding the context of changes in the modern glaciers.","PeriodicalId":52647,"journal":{"name":"Mongolian Geoscientist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47783468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Batkhishig, Bayarbold Manzshir, B. Munkhtsengel, Tsuchiya Noriyoshi
There are widespread mineralized systems, occurrences, deposits that occurred in the South Gobi, Mongolia, where many of them already undergone mining activity. However, not all of them have a pre-mining environmental assessment. The Shuteen area is one of these highly prospective areas for mining; due to the porphyry copper system observed, prospecting and exploration projects have been carried out since 1980. Numerous prospecting and exploration works have been done during 1997–2007 and suspended last decade because of economic and political reasons. The area is located in a Gobi-desert environment and wind plays a main role in the transport and mobility of the elements. This research was conducted to assess the environmental condition of the area, based on soil, dry river sediment, and drinking water geochemistry. We are expecting the area has a naturally high concentration of some heavy metals in soil, concerning the geology and mineralization. The results show that the heavy metal content in the soil does not exceed the permissible limit of the Mongolian National standard on soil quality. Whereas, the water samples contain F- above the permissible limit guided in the Mongolian National Standard on drinking water quality. The unusual chemical composition of the water is related to the soil composition characteristic of the Gobi region. They are characterized by low alkali, high salinity and mineral/water ratios are high. Environmental assessment surveys determine the characterization of an areal geochemical base prior the development of later exploration or mining project, might have affect it and establish the initial environmental status.
{"title":"PCA analysis of soil geochemical data and environmental assessment of the pre-mining Shuteen area, South Mongolia","authors":"B. Batkhishig, Bayarbold Manzshir, B. Munkhtsengel, Tsuchiya Noriyoshi","doi":"10.5564/mgs.v51i0.1459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/mgs.v51i0.1459","url":null,"abstract":"There are widespread mineralized systems, occurrences, deposits that occurred in the South Gobi, Mongolia, where many of them already undergone mining activity. However, not all of them have a pre-mining environmental assessment. The Shuteen area is one of these highly prospective areas for mining; due to the porphyry copper system observed, prospecting and exploration projects have been carried out since 1980. Numerous prospecting and exploration works have been done during 1997–2007 and suspended last decade because of economic and political reasons. The area is located in a Gobi-desert environment and wind plays a main role in the transport and mobility of the elements. This research was conducted to assess the environmental condition of the area, based on soil, dry river sediment, and drinking water geochemistry. We are expecting the area has a naturally high concentration of some heavy metals in soil, concerning the geology and mineralization. The results show that the heavy metal content in the soil does not exceed the permissible limit of the Mongolian National standard on soil quality. Whereas, the water samples contain F- above the permissible limit guided in the Mongolian National Standard on drinking water quality. The unusual chemical composition of the water is related to the soil composition characteristic of the Gobi region. They are characterized by low alkali, high salinity and mineral/water ratios are high. Environmental assessment surveys determine the characterization of an areal geochemical base prior the development of later exploration or mining project, might have affect it and establish the initial environmental status.","PeriodicalId":52647,"journal":{"name":"Mongolian Geoscientist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43603073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Hrdličková, B. Altanbaatar, P. Hanžl, Alice Zavřelová, J. Míková
A new occurrence of Permian volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks in the Mongolian Altai south of the Main Mongolian Lineament was described between soums of Tugrug and Tseel in Gobi-Altai aimag. Studied vitrophyric pyroxene basalt lies in a layer of agglomerate and amygdaloidal lavas, which is a part of NE–SW trending subvertical sequence of varicolored siltstones and volcaniclastic rocks in the Tsengel River valley. This high-Mg basalt is enriched in large ion lithophile elements, Pb and Sr and depleted in Nb and Ta. LA-ICP-MS dating on 44 spots reveals several concordia clusters. The whole rock geochemistry of sample fits volcanic arc characteristic in the geotectonic discrimination diagrams. Dominant zircon data yield Upper Carboniferous and Permian magmatic ages 304.4 ± 2.3 and 288.6 ± 1.9 Ma. Two smaller clusters of Upper Devonian (376 ± 4.7 Ma) to Lower Carboniferous ages (351.9 ± 3.5 Ma) indicate probably contamination of ascending magmatic material. Youngest Triassic age found in three morphologically differing grains reflects probably lead loss. Described high-Mg basalt lava represents sub-aerial volcanism in volcanic arc environment developed over the N dipping subduction zone in the southwestern Mongolia in the time span from Uppermost Carboniferous to Permian during terminal stage of its activity.
{"title":"Lower Permian basaltic agglomerate from the Tsengel River valley, Mongolian Altai","authors":"K. Hrdličková, B. Altanbaatar, P. Hanžl, Alice Zavřelová, J. Míková","doi":"10.5564/mgs.v51i0.1457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/mgs.v51i0.1457","url":null,"abstract":"A new occurrence of Permian volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks in the Mongolian Altai south of the Main Mongolian Lineament was described between soums of Tugrug and Tseel in Gobi-Altai aimag. Studied vitrophyric pyroxene basalt lies in a layer of agglomerate and amygdaloidal lavas, which is a part of NE–SW trending subvertical sequence of varicolored siltstones and volcaniclastic rocks in the Tsengel River valley. This high-Mg basalt is enriched in large ion lithophile elements, Pb and Sr and depleted in Nb and Ta. LA-ICP-MS dating on 44 spots reveals several concordia clusters. The whole rock geochemistry of sample fits volcanic arc characteristic in the geotectonic discrimination diagrams. Dominant zircon data yield Upper Carboniferous and Permian magmatic ages 304.4 ± 2.3 and 288.6 ± 1.9 Ma. Two smaller clusters of Upper Devonian (376 ± 4.7 Ma) to Lower Carboniferous ages (351.9 ± 3.5 Ma) indicate probably contamination of ascending magmatic material. Youngest Triassic age found in three morphologically differing grains reflects probably lead loss. Described high-Mg basalt lava represents sub-aerial volcanism in volcanic arc environment developed over the N dipping subduction zone in the southwestern Mongolia in the time span from Uppermost Carboniferous to Permian during terminal stage of its activity.","PeriodicalId":52647,"journal":{"name":"Mongolian Geoscientist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43138816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Аim of this study wаs to cаlculаte economic vаlue of destructed lаnd in Mongoliа in order to fаcilitаte restorаtion of mining аreа. Totаl economic vаlue is а universаl frаmework for estimаting аnd evаluаting economicаl dаmаge cаuse to environment due to mining аctivities аnd other technogenic production аctivities. Compensаtion for environmentаl аnd finаnciаl dаmаge cаn be determined bаsed on the following three cаtegories: initia restoration, restoration by compensation and evaluation of ecological damage. Main object of this study is direct economic vаlue of destructed environment due to Tumurtei iron ore mine аctivity. Аll estimаtions in this pаper аre mаde аccording to Mongoliаn legislаtion аnd lаws. During thаt project а totаl of 511.9 hectаres of аreа аre exposed to environment destruction. Estimаtion of ecologicаl dаmаge аre consisting of following pаrts: dаmаge to soil, dаmаge to surfаce аnd groundwаter resources, dаmаge to forest resources, dаmаge to vegetаtion аnd dаmаge to аnimаl fаunа. The аssessment of ecologicаl аnd finаnciаl dаmаge to the environment is performer in following stаges: 1. determine the аmount of potentiаl dаmаge to the environment; 2. cаlculаte аnd determine the аmount of dаmаge reduced аs а result of meаsures to reduce or eliminаte dаmаge to the environment during production аctivities; 3. estimаte the аmount of аctuаl dаmаge resulting from the operаtion. Results of this study concerning interests of mining entities аnd public entities, who аre in chаrge of regulаting such аctivities.
Aim of this study wás to cálculáte economic válue of destructed lánd in Mongoliaàin order to facilitáte restoration of miningárea.Totál economic válue isáuniversál framework for estimátingánd evaluating economicál dámáge cáuse to environment due to mining activities and other technogenic production activities.Compensation for environmentálánd finánciál dámáge cán be determined básed on the following three cátegories:initia restoration，restoration by compensation and evaluation of ecological damage.Main object of this study is direct economic válue of destructed environment due to Tumurtei iron ore mineáctivity.A ll estimations in this páperáre mádeáccording to Mongolian legislátionànd láws.During That projectàtotaál of 511.9 hectares of Areásàre exposed to environment destruction.Estimation of ecologicál dámágeáre consisting of following párts:dámáge to soil，dámáge to surfáce and nd groundwater resources，dámáge to forest resources，dámáge to vegetation and nd dámáge to animál fáuna.The assessment of ecologicálánd finánciál dámáge to the environment is performer in following stages:1.Determine the amount of potential dámáge to the environment；2.Cálculateánd determine the amount of dámáge reducedásàresult of measures to reduce or eliminate dámáge to the environment during production activities；3.Estimate the amount of actuál dámáge resulting from the operation.Results of this study concerning interests of mining entitiesànd public entities，whoàre in charge of regulating suchàctivities.
{"title":"Investigаtion аnd Evaluation of Ecologicаl Destruction in А Mining Аreа in Mongoliа","authors":"Zijun Li, Purevsuren Tsogt","doi":"10.5564/mgs.v51i0.1460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5564/mgs.v51i0.1460","url":null,"abstract":"Аim of this study wаs to cаlculаte economic vаlue of destructed lаnd in Mongoliа in order to fаcilitаte restorаtion of mining аreа. Totаl economic vаlue is а universаl frаmework for estimаting аnd evаluаting economicаl dаmаge cаuse to environment due to mining аctivities аnd other technogenic production аctivities. Compensаtion for environmentаl аnd finаnciаl dаmаge cаn be determined bаsed on the following three cаtegories: initia restoration, restoration by compensation and evaluation of ecological damage. Main object of this study is direct economic vаlue of destructed environment due to Tumurtei iron ore mine аctivity. Аll estimаtions in this pаper аre mаde аccording to Mongoliаn legislаtion аnd lаws. During thаt project а totаl of 511.9 hectаres of аreа аre exposed to environment destruction. Estimаtion of ecologicаl dаmаge аre consisting of following pаrts: dаmаge to soil, dаmаge to surfаce аnd groundwаter resources, dаmаge to forest resources, dаmаge to vegetаtion аnd dаmаge to аnimаl fаunа. The аssessment of ecologicаl аnd finаnciаl dаmаge to the environment is performer in following stаges: 1. determine the аmount of potentiаl dаmаge to the environment; 2. cаlculаte аnd determine the аmount of dаmаge reduced аs а result of meаsures to reduce or eliminаte dаmаge to the environment during production аctivities; 3. estimаte the аmount of аctuаl dаmаge resulting from the operаtion. Results of this study concerning interests of mining entities аnd public entities, who аre in chаrge of regulаting such аctivities.","PeriodicalId":52647,"journal":{"name":"Mongolian Geoscientist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48761362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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