Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/144995
O. Levytska, I. Trus, M. Gomelya, S. Alekseyenko
Plastic waste and wastewater sediment stored on sludge lagoons are generated in almost every city in Ukraine. Their disposal is an urgent issue nowadays. The paper shows the ways of polypropylene utilization as one of the most widely used thermoplastics in everyday life, as well as the problem of formation and storage of wastewater sediments. The proposed technological scheme of complex processing of the resulted waste by production of building blocks is based on the property of polypropylene as a thermoplastic to soften and melt at above 160 °C, while exhibiting adhesive properties to a number of materials. For the implementation of technological solutions for manufacturing of construction products, the adhesion properties of polypropylene to wastewater sediments were substantiated, heating modes of the raw material mixture of wastewater sediments and polypropylene waste were specified, and the ratio of raw materials in the mixture for thermal treatment was determined. The samples of building blocks with a mass content of wastewater sediment from 5 to 95% (dry weight sediments) were made in the laboratory. In these samples, the polypropylene content was reduced from 95 to 5%, respectively. It was experimentally determined that for the samples of construction materials with a mass content of wastewater sediment 40–50% (dry weight), a uniform distribution of raw materials that would ensure their high strength, was observed. The comparison of the qualitative characteristics of the samples of building blocks with the regulatory requirements for construction products revealed that the experimental samples met the current requirements and were not inferior to the counterparts from traditional raw materials. However, the construction materials made from waste are recommended for application in building of industrial warehouses and storage facilities, non-food storage chambers, garages or other structures that do not provide permanent storage of food or living place for humans or animals.
{"title":"Technology of Utilization of Polypropylene Waste and Wastewater Sediments by Production of Building Blocks","authors":"O. Levytska, I. Trus, M. Gomelya, S. Alekseyenko","doi":"10.12912/27197050/144995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/144995","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic waste and wastewater sediment stored on sludge lagoons are generated in almost every city in Ukraine. Their disposal is an urgent issue nowadays. The paper shows the ways of polypropylene utilization as one of the most widely used thermoplastics in everyday life, as well as the problem of formation and storage of wastewater sediments. The proposed technological scheme of complex processing of the resulted waste by production of building blocks is based on the property of polypropylene as a thermoplastic to soften and melt at above 160 °C, while exhibiting adhesive properties to a number of materials. For the implementation of technological solutions for manufacturing of construction products, the adhesion properties of polypropylene to wastewater sediments were substantiated, heating modes of the raw material mixture of wastewater sediments and polypropylene waste were specified, and the ratio of raw materials in the mixture for thermal treatment was determined. The samples of building blocks with a mass content of wastewater sediment from 5 to 95% (dry weight sediments) were made in the laboratory. In these samples, the polypropylene content was reduced from 95 to 5%, respectively. It was experimentally determined that for the samples of construction materials with a mass content of wastewater sediment 40–50% (dry weight), a uniform distribution of raw materials that would ensure their high strength, was observed. The comparison of the qualitative characteristics of the samples of building blocks with the regulatory requirements for construction products revealed that the experimental samples met the current requirements and were not inferior to the counterparts from traditional raw materials. However, the construction materials made from waste are recommended for application in building of industrial warehouses and storage facilities, non-food storage chambers, garages or other structures that do not provide permanent storage of food or living place for humans or animals.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42722008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/144955
R. Aziz, Dina Fitria, Y. Ruslinda
Payakumbuh City Government has built an Integrated Waste Treatment Plant (TPST) in Ibuh Market as an effort to reduce waste through waste processing by composting. This study aimed to evaluate the environmental impact of the Ibuh Market waste management system with some solid waste management alternatives using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Method. The stages of the research consisted of the measurement and analysis of waste generation, composition, and recycling potential, followed by the application of LCA for composting waste management scenario (scenario 1), with no composting (scenario 2), as well as with composting and recycling (scenario 3). The waste generated by Ibuh Market is 8.99 tons/day, food waste has the highest share in waste composition, amounting to 80.60%, and the waste with the greatest potential to recycle is an inorganic waste by 72.37%. LCA was carried out using the CML-IA impact assessment method. On the basis of the weighting results of the Global Warming Potential, Acidification Potential, and Eutrophication Potential impact categories show that scenario 2 has the highest weight, which is 4.34 × 10-7, scenario 3 has the smallest weight that is 3.73 × 10-7. Hence, scenario 3 was chosen as the best option, because it has the lowest impact weight. The study recommended using biofuels as an alternative to the fuels in the transportation process, applying a modified open windrow aeration system in the composting process at TPST, as well as practicing the sanitary landfill, for becoming a more environmentally friendly solid waste management system.
{"title":"Environmental Impact Evaluation of Improved Market Waste Processing as Part of Municipal Solid Waste Management System Using Life Cycle Assessment Method","authors":"R. Aziz, Dina Fitria, Y. Ruslinda","doi":"10.12912/27197050/144955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/144955","url":null,"abstract":"Payakumbuh City Government has built an Integrated Waste Treatment Plant (TPST) in Ibuh Market as an effort to reduce waste through waste processing by composting. This study aimed to evaluate the environmental impact of the Ibuh Market waste management system with some solid waste management alternatives using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Method. The stages of the research consisted of the measurement and analysis of waste generation, composition, and recycling potential, followed by the application of LCA for composting waste management scenario (scenario 1), with no composting (scenario 2), as well as with composting and recycling (scenario 3). The waste generated by Ibuh Market is 8.99 tons/day, food waste has the highest share in waste composition, amounting to 80.60%, and the waste with the greatest potential to recycle is an inorganic waste by 72.37%. LCA was carried out using the CML-IA impact assessment method. On the basis of the weighting results of the Global Warming Potential, Acidification Potential, and Eutrophication Potential impact categories show that scenario 2 has the highest weight, which is 4.34 × 10-7, scenario 3 has the smallest weight that is 3.73 × 10-7. Hence, scenario 3 was chosen as the best option, because it has the lowest impact weight. The study recommended using biofuels as an alternative to the fuels in the transportation process, applying a modified open windrow aeration system in the composting process at TPST, as well as practicing the sanitary landfill, for becoming a more environmentally friendly solid waste management system.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42004818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/145496
M. Dmitriev, Valery Krapil
Environmental safety related to ensuring the sustainable functioning of Water Management covers the areas of water protection and reproduction, rational use of Water Resources and development of water management and land reclamation, and contributes to the coordinated development and management of water, land and other related resources within river basins, as well as achieving maximum socio-ecological well-being, taking into account the interests of all water users. Water management is a special, specific branch of the Russian economy, because its development is directly related to the process of providing water to the population and all sectors of the economy. A special feature of the water management industry is its scale and connection with almost all sectors of the economy. Water management is particularly important in creating the necessary social and living conditions for the population. Water management is closely linked to the most important sectors of the economy, primarily the production form: industry and agriculture. Today, it has significant organizational shortcomings. It is managed, financed and technically directed by various ministries, agencies and services, as well as municipal enterprises of local authorities, which introduces a certain inconsistency in the rational use and protection of Water Resources and does not ensure proper order in ensuring environmental safety. Thus, the state of affairs in the field of water management requires drastic changes in the attitude of the state to the development of the water management complex and the reform of the water resources management system, since the development of this sector of the economy and, in general, the socio-economic development of the country depends on state regulation.
{"title":"Strategic Planning of Methods for Monitoring and Assessing the Ecological State of Water Bodies","authors":"M. Dmitriev, Valery Krapil","doi":"10.12912/27197050/145496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/145496","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental safety related to ensuring the sustainable functioning of Water Management covers the areas of water protection and reproduction, rational use of Water Resources and development of water management and land reclamation, and contributes to the coordinated development and management of water, land and other related resources within river basins, as well as achieving maximum socio-ecological well-being, taking into account the interests of all water users. Water management is a special, specific branch of the Russian economy, because its development is directly related to the process of providing water to the population and all sectors of the economy. A special feature of the water management industry is its scale and connection with almost all sectors of the economy. Water management is particularly important in creating the necessary social and living conditions for the population. Water management is closely linked to the most important sectors of the economy, primarily the production form: industry and agriculture. Today, it has significant organizational shortcomings. It is managed, financed and technically directed by various ministries, agencies and services, as well as municipal enterprises of local authorities, which introduces a certain inconsistency in the rational use and protection of Water Resources and does not ensure proper order in ensuring environmental safety. Thus, the state of affairs in the field of water management requires drastic changes in the attitude of the state to the development of the water management complex and the reform of the water resources management system, since the development of this sector of the economy and, in general, the socio-economic development of the country depends on state regulation.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48704472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/145583
Sajja Ravi Babu, K. K. Krishna Varma, Kunapuli Siva Satya Mohan
With its superior thermo-physical characteristics to the carrier fluid, nanofluid is the most impactful heat transfer fluid. Thermal conductivity, density, viscosity, specific heat, coefficient of volumetric expansion, and other thermophysical parameters play an important part in the thermal management of any heat transfer application. This thermal management governs the service life of an equipment or apparatus, which dissipates heat during its operation. If the equipment is well-managed thermally, then its service life will be extended. Otherwise the equipment stops functioning due to excess heat. Thermo-physical properties of nanofluid vary with the change in the concentration of nanoparticles. Estimation of the properties with the varying concentrations of the nanoparticles is time consuming and is economically not viable. There were many empirical models available in the literature for determining the thermo-physical properties of nanofluids. However, each model provides different values of thermo-physical properties and choosing the best model among the models available is a complex task. In this regard, to avoid the complication in choosing the best model, and in order to envisage the thermo-physical properties of the nanofluid, the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique was used. This technique is widely used among the researchers for various applications. The ANN approach was utilized in this work to estimate viscosity and thermal conductivity of water-based Al2O3 nanofluid for volume fractions between 0.01% and 0.1%. For thermal conductivity, mean square error (MSE) was observed as 4.504e-09 and for viscosity, it was observed as 6.4742e-09. Training times were 5 seconds and 4 seconds for thermal conductivity and viscosity datasets, respectively.
{"title":"Artificial Neural Network Technique for Estimating the Thermo-Physical Properties of Water-Alumina Nanofluid","authors":"Sajja Ravi Babu, K. K. Krishna Varma, Kunapuli Siva Satya Mohan","doi":"10.12912/27197050/145583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/145583","url":null,"abstract":"With its superior thermo-physical characteristics to the carrier fluid, nanofluid is the most impactful heat transfer fluid. Thermal conductivity, density, viscosity, specific heat, coefficient of volumetric expansion, and other thermophysical parameters play an important part in the thermal management of any heat transfer application. This thermal management governs the service life of an equipment or apparatus, which dissipates heat during its operation. If the equipment is well-managed thermally, then its service life will be extended. Otherwise the equipment stops functioning due to excess heat. Thermo-physical properties of nanofluid vary with the change in the concentration of nanoparticles. Estimation of the properties with the varying concentrations of the nanoparticles is time consuming and is economically not viable. There were many empirical models available in the literature for determining the thermo-physical properties of nanofluids. However, each model provides different values of thermo-physical properties and choosing the best model among the models available is a complex task. In this regard, to avoid the complication in choosing the best model, and in order to envisage the thermo-physical properties of the nanofluid, the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique was used. This technique is widely used among the researchers for various applications. The ANN approach was utilized in this work to estimate viscosity and thermal conductivity of water-based Al2O3 nanofluid for volume fractions between 0.01% and 0.1%. For thermal conductivity, mean square error (MSE) was observed as 4.504e-09 and for viscosity, it was observed as 6.4742e-09. Training times were 5 seconds and 4 seconds for thermal conductivity and viscosity datasets, respectively.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41632727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/145754
Bouchra El Bourhrami, Khalid Ibno Namr, Hiba Et-Tayeb, V. Duraisamy
In the irrigated areas, intensive agriculture has led to soil degradation and declining crop yields; therefore, the durability of soil resources is influenced. In order to assess the soil quality changes in the Zemamra area from the highest plain of Doukkala (523 000 ha), in the semi-arid region of Morocco, the soil samples taken from the horizon 0–30 cm were analysed for physical and chemical parameters (Clay, Sand, Silt, SOM, pH, TN, P2O5, K2O, CEC, MgO, CaO, SAR, Na2O, EC, CaCO3, NO3-N, NH4-N, B, Mn, Zn, Fe, and Cu). The data obtained were statistically processed to search for soil quality indices (SQIs). The main findings show that the soil surface has more sand than clay (Sand = 55%, Clay = 31%), an accumulation of phosphorus (P2O5 = 33.34 mg/kg), moderate soil organic matter (1.789%), and carbonate contents of about (2.6%). Soil Structure Stability Index (SSSI<5%) indicated that soil structure is degraded. The selection of the Minimum Data Set by principal component analysis allowed retaining four indicators (cationic exchange capacity, boron, exchangeable potassium, and manganese). After scoring the selected indicators, the soil quality indices thus obtained classified the soils as having low to moderate quality (SQIs<0.55). The indicators: sand, phosphorus, boron, manganese, and zinc are negatively correlated to SQIs, while clay, silt, cationic exchange capacity, pH, soil organic matter, and carbonates are positively correlated. Micronutrients: boron and zinc negatively impact soils at low concentrations.
{"title":"Application of Soil Quality Index to Assess the Status of Soils Submitted to Intensive Agriculture in the Irrigated Plain of Doukkala, Moroccan Semiarid Region","authors":"Bouchra El Bourhrami, Khalid Ibno Namr, Hiba Et-Tayeb, V. Duraisamy","doi":"10.12912/27197050/145754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/145754","url":null,"abstract":"In the irrigated areas, intensive agriculture has led to soil degradation and declining crop yields; therefore, the durability of soil resources is influenced. In order to assess the soil quality changes in the Zemamra area from the highest plain of Doukkala (523 000 ha), in the semi-arid region of Morocco, the soil samples taken from the horizon 0–30 cm were analysed for physical and chemical parameters (Clay, Sand, Silt, SOM, pH, TN, P2O5, K2O, CEC, MgO, CaO, SAR, Na2O, EC, CaCO3, NO3-N, NH4-N, B, Mn, Zn, Fe, and Cu). The data obtained were statistically processed to search for soil quality indices (SQIs). The main findings show that the soil surface has more sand than clay (Sand = 55%, Clay = 31%), an accumulation of phosphorus (P2O5 = 33.34 mg/kg), moderate soil organic matter (1.789%), and carbonate contents of about (2.6%). Soil Structure Stability Index (SSSI<5%) indicated that soil structure is degraded. The selection of the Minimum Data Set by principal component analysis allowed retaining four indicators (cationic exchange capacity, boron, exchangeable potassium, and manganese). After scoring the selected indicators, the soil quality indices thus obtained classified the soils as having low to moderate quality (SQIs<0.55). The indicators: sand, phosphorus, boron, manganese, and zinc are negatively correlated to SQIs, while clay, silt, cationic exchange capacity, pH, soil organic matter, and carbonates are positively correlated. Micronutrients: boron and zinc negatively impact soils at low concentrations.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47690390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/146019
V. Strelets, V. Loboichenko, N. Leonova, R. Shevchenko, V. Telelim, V.Kh. Strelets, O. Shevchenko, O. Burmenko
The analysis of anthropogenic factors influencing the state of natural water is carried out in the work. The need for a detailed study of the impact of urban areas on river water quality is noted. The study of the state of one of the main rivers of Poltava region in the area of about 100 km during the winter-spring period on the parameter of mineralization. The influence of individual settlements on the water status of the Vorskla River is considered. There was a gradual increase in river water pollution in the studied area and an increase in mineralization from 660 to 820 mg/l (February) and from 500 to 580 mg/l (April) (Sr = 2%). It was found that the greatest anthropogenic impact on the state of the Vorskla River is in the area of Poltava Novi Sanzhary. The influence of surface runoff on changes in surface and groundwater quality of Poltava region is shown.
本工作对影响天然水体状态的人为因素进行了分析。有必要详细研究城市地区对河流水质的影响。波尔塔瓦地区一条约100公里的主要河流在冬春季节的矿化参数研究。考虑了个别定居点对Vorskla河水质的影响。研究区域的河水污染逐渐增加，矿化度从660毫克/升（2月）增加到820毫克/升，从500毫克/升增加到580毫克/升。研究发现，对Vorskla河状态的最大人为影响发生在Poltava Novi Sanzhary地区。地表径流对波尔塔瓦地区地表和地下水质量变化的影响。
{"title":"Analysis of the Influence of Anthropogenic Factors of the Urbanized Territory of Poltava Region (Ukraine) on the State of River Water","authors":"V. Strelets, V. Loboichenko, N. Leonova, R. Shevchenko, V. Telelim, V.Kh. Strelets, O. Shevchenko, O. Burmenko","doi":"10.12912/27197050/146019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/146019","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of anthropogenic factors influencing the state of natural water is carried out in the work. The need for a detailed study of the impact of urban areas on river water quality is noted. The study of the state of one of the main rivers of Poltava region in the area of about 100 km during the winter-spring period on the parameter of mineralization. The influence of individual settlements on the water status of the Vorskla River is considered. There was a gradual increase in river water pollution in the studied area and an increase in mineralization from 660 to 820 mg/l (February) and from 500 to 580 mg/l (April) (Sr = 2%). It was found that the greatest anthropogenic impact on the state of the Vorskla River is in the area of Poltava Novi Sanzhary. The influence of surface runoff on changes in surface and groundwater quality of Poltava region is shown.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49637993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/144957
U. Karbivska, I. Masyk, A. Butenko, V. Onychko, T. Onychko, Lyudmyla Krіuchko, V. Rozhko, O. Karpenko, M. Kozak
The influence of mineral fertilizers on productivity and nutrient balance of sod–podzolic soil when growing cereal meadow agrophytocenosis under conditions of Precarpathians of Ukraine was researched. It was found that the dependence of cereal agrocenosis productivity on the doses and ratios of N, P, K in mineral fertilizers is described by equation (polynomial) of the 2nd degree. Among the mineral elements, nitrogen is has the greatest influence on grass productivity. When applying the total dose of N75 with even distribution of nitrogen under each of three mowings on different backgrounds of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, the productivity of cereal grass increases by 2.82–3.06 t ha-1 of dry mass, and when applying N150 by 3.33–4.93 t ha -1 of dry mass. Recoupment of nitrogen fertilizers per 1 kg by yield increase when applying N75 is 38–41 kg of dry mass, which is 4–5 kg more compared to the application of N150. The indices of phosphorus and especially potassium removal, as well as deficiency of these elements in the balance increased along with nitrogen dose. Independently of the phosphorus and potassium doses, the lowest indices are fixed on a nitrogen–free background, and the highest – on the background of N150.
研究了在乌克兰无产化荒草条件下，施用矿质肥料对禾本科草甸农草生长过程中草甸-灰化土生产力和养分平衡的影响。结果表明，籽粒农业生产力与矿质肥料中N、P、K用量和比例的关系符合二次多项式方程(多项式)。在矿质元素中，氮素对草生产力的影响最大。在不同磷钾肥背景下，三次刈割每次施用总剂量N75且氮分布均匀时，禾草产量增加2.82 ~ 3.06 t ha-1干质量，施用N150时增加3.33 ~ 4.93 t ha-1干质量。施用N75每增加1公斤产量可补偿38 ~ 41公斤干质量的氮肥，比施用N150多4 ~ 5公斤。随着施氮量的增加，磷尤其是钾的去除率以及平衡中这些元素的缺乏量均有所增加。与磷和钾剂量无关，最低指数固定在无氮背景下，最高指数固定在N150背景下。
{"title":"Nutrient Balance of Sod–Podzolic Soil Depending on the Productivity of Meadow Agrophytocenosis and Fertilization","authors":"U. Karbivska, I. Masyk, A. Butenko, V. Onychko, T. Onychko, Lyudmyla Krіuchko, V. Rozhko, O. Karpenko, M. Kozak","doi":"10.12912/27197050/144957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/144957","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of mineral fertilizers on productivity and nutrient balance of sod–podzolic soil when growing cereal meadow agrophytocenosis under conditions of Precarpathians of Ukraine was researched. It was found that the dependence of cereal agrocenosis productivity on the doses and ratios of N, P, K in mineral fertilizers is described by equation (polynomial) of the 2nd degree. Among the mineral elements, nitrogen is has the greatest influence on grass productivity. When applying the total dose of N75 with even distribution of nitrogen under each of three mowings on different backgrounds of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, the productivity of cereal grass increases by 2.82–3.06 t ha-1 of dry mass, and when applying N150 by 3.33–4.93 t ha -1 of dry mass. Recoupment of nitrogen fertilizers per 1 kg by yield increase when applying N75 is 38–41 kg of dry mass, which is 4–5 kg more compared to the application of N150. The indices of phosphorus and especially potassium removal, as well as deficiency of these elements in the balance increased along with nitrogen dose. Independently of the phosphorus and potassium doses, the lowest indices are fixed on a nitrogen–free background, and the highest – on the background of N150.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43213227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/145753
R. Mohadi, P. M. S. B. Siregar, N. Palapa, T. Taher, A. Lesbani
Layered double hydroxide (LDH) can be used as an adsorbent to remove pollutants from aqueous solutions, but it drawbacks where the structure is easily damaged so that it cannot be reused in the adsorption process and has a low adsorption capacity. This can be overcome through the development of layered double hydroxide material composited with chitosan support material. In addition to untilizing waste, chitosan is selected as supporting material in the layered double hydroxide modification process, because it is cheap, has high selectivity, and is biodegradable. In this study, the adsorbent was applied in the process of removing Congo Red (CR). The LDH modification process using chitosan was successfully carried out, as seen from XRD analysis which resembled the base material (Mg-Al) and support (CT), the BET analysis which showed an increase in surface area, as well as from the large adsorption capacity value and the regeneration process which tends to be stable after compositing is done.
{"title":"Layered Double Hydroxide/Chitosan Composite (Mg-Al/CT) as a Selective Adsorbent in Congo Red Adsorption from Aqueous Solution","authors":"R. Mohadi, P. M. S. B. Siregar, N. Palapa, T. Taher, A. Lesbani","doi":"10.12912/27197050/145753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/145753","url":null,"abstract":"Layered double hydroxide (LDH) can be used as an adsorbent to remove pollutants from aqueous solutions, but it drawbacks where the structure is easily damaged so that it cannot be reused in the adsorption process and has a low adsorption capacity. This can be overcome through the development of layered double hydroxide material composited with chitosan support material. In addition to untilizing waste, chitosan is selected as supporting material in the layered double hydroxide modification process, because it is cheap, has high selectivity, and is biodegradable. In this study, the adsorbent was applied in the process of removing Congo Red (CR). The LDH modification process using chitosan was successfully carried out, as seen from XRD analysis which resembled the base material (Mg-Al) and support (CT), the BET analysis which showed an increase in surface area, as well as from the large adsorption capacity value and the regeneration process which tends to be stable after compositing is done.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44731226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/143568
Habchi Sanae, Lahboubi Nabila, Karouach Fadoua, N. Ikram, Lahlou Yahya, Bakraoui Mohammed, Sallek Brahim, Hassan El Bari
This paper investigates the influence of thermal pretreatment on kinetic parameters based on four kinetic models: Modified Gompertz, transference and logistic functions and first order equation. The kinetic modeling was applied on experimental results of previous study on producing methane from anaerobic digestion of Recycled Pulp and Paper Sludge (RPPS) under mesophilic conditions. We observed that the thermal pretreatment improve considerably improved the kinetic parameters mainly the methane production rate and the lag phase. Indeed, it can be noted that methane production rate μ increases significantly from a value of 4.72 to 16.27 ml/h using logistic function for 1 g VS/L added load. Then the lag phase parameter λ has dramatically decreased from 5.46 to 1.04 h using logistic function for 1.5 g VS/L added load. This means that the thermal pretreatment of RPPS accelerates the methane production process and saves time.
本文基于四个动力学模型：修正的Gompertz、传递和逻辑函数以及一阶方程，研究了热预处理对动力学参数的影响。将动力学模型应用于先前研究的中温条件下再生纸浆和纸污泥厌氧消化产甲烷的实验结果。我们观察到，热预处理的改进显著改善了动力学参数，主要是甲烷生成速率和滞后阶段。事实上，可以注意到，对于1 g VS/L的添加负荷，使用逻辑函数，甲烷生产率μ从4.72显著增加到16.27 ml/h。然后，对于1.5g VS/L的附加负载，使用逻辑函数，滞后相位参数λ从5.46显著降低到1.04h。这意味着RPPS的热预处理加速了甲烷生产过程并节省了时间。
{"title":"Effect of Thermal Pretreatment on the Kinetic Parameters of Anaerobic Digestion from Recycled Pulp and Paper Sludge","authors":"Habchi Sanae, Lahboubi Nabila, Karouach Fadoua, N. Ikram, Lahlou Yahya, Bakraoui Mohammed, Sallek Brahim, Hassan El Bari","doi":"10.12912/27197050/143568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/143568","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the influence of thermal pretreatment on kinetic parameters based on four kinetic models: Modified Gompertz, transference and logistic functions and first order equation. The kinetic modeling was applied on experimental results of previous study on producing methane from anaerobic digestion of Recycled Pulp and Paper Sludge (RPPS) under mesophilic conditions. We observed that the thermal pretreatment improve considerably improved the kinetic parameters mainly the methane production rate and the lag phase. Indeed, it can be noted that methane production rate μ increases significantly from a value of 4.72 to 16.27 ml/h using logistic function for 1 g VS/L added load. Then the lag phase parameter λ has dramatically decreased from 5.46 to 1.04 h using logistic function for 1.5 g VS/L added load. This means that the thermal pretreatment of RPPS accelerates the methane production process and saves time.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48752606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.12912/27197050/143137
V. Popovych, M. Petlovanyi, Y. Henyk, N. Popovych, P. Bosak
Coal spoil-heaps cause man-made pressure on the environment of the coal mining area. Coal mining, and in recent years the mass closure of mines, have been accompanied by a negative impact on natural objects and engineering structures; the basements of houses and buildings are flooded, walls and wooden fences rot, crops, trees and bushes are destroyed. Reclamation is carried out on spoil-heaps of coal mines to reduce the man-made pressure. However, in the process of rock dumping on the spoil-heaps ,a neorelief begins to emerge causing the vegetation development. The emergence of vegetation groups is a positive phenomenon, as phytomass decomposition promotes the formation of humus. The development of vegetation on the surface of coal spoil-heaps is called vegetative reclamation or phytomelioration. The efficiency of vegetative reclamation is calculated in points and is an indicator of the suitability of a particular man-made object for natural overgrowth. The aim of the work was to establish the features of spatial arrangement of plants in populations on the surface of coal spoil-heaps. It was established that on the coal spoil-heaps, as well as under natural conditions, vegetation tends to aggregate, thus forming phytogenic fields. It should be noted that at different stages of successions, phytogenic fields are formed in different ways. A monocentric phytogenic field arises on the waste heaps during the syngenetic stage of succession. The initial endecogenetic stage of succession provides the formation of phytogenic fields of two types. The first type is the initial polycentric phytogenic field. It is characterized by the ability to combine several individuals of the same species. The second type is a mature polycentric phytogenic field. It is characterized by higher resistance, and plant community is already able to convert geoprocesses. The mature endoecogenic stage of succession is characterized by the development and expansion of tree species, and the phytogenic field is acentric and global. This kind of phytogenic fields is found on tailings with artificial vegetative reclamation.
{"title":"Efficiency of Vegetative Reclamation of Coal Spoil Heaps","authors":"V. Popovych, M. Petlovanyi, Y. Henyk, N. Popovych, P. Bosak","doi":"10.12912/27197050/143137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/143137","url":null,"abstract":"Coal spoil-heaps cause man-made pressure on the environment of the coal mining area. Coal mining, and in recent years the mass closure of mines, have been accompanied by a negative impact on natural objects and engineering structures; the basements of houses and buildings are flooded, walls and wooden fences rot, crops, trees and bushes are destroyed. Reclamation is carried out on spoil-heaps of coal mines to reduce the man-made pressure. However, in the process of rock dumping on the spoil-heaps ,a neorelief begins to emerge causing the vegetation development. The emergence of vegetation groups is a positive phenomenon, as phytomass decomposition promotes the formation of humus. The development of vegetation on the surface of coal spoil-heaps is called vegetative reclamation or phytomelioration. The efficiency of vegetative reclamation is calculated in points and is an indicator of the suitability of a particular man-made object for natural overgrowth. The aim of the work was to establish the features of spatial arrangement of plants in populations on the surface of coal spoil-heaps. It was established that on the coal spoil-heaps, as well as under natural conditions, vegetation tends to aggregate, thus forming phytogenic fields. It should be noted that at different stages of successions, phytogenic fields are formed in different ways. A monocentric phytogenic field arises on the waste heaps during the syngenetic stage of succession. The initial endecogenetic stage of succession provides the formation of phytogenic fields of two types. The first type is the initial polycentric phytogenic field. It is characterized by the ability to combine several individuals of the same species. The second type is a mature polycentric phytogenic field. It is characterized by higher resistance, and plant community is already able to convert geoprocesses. The mature endoecogenic stage of succession is characterized by the development and expansion of tree species, and the phytogenic field is acentric and global. This kind of phytogenic fields is found on tailings with artificial vegetative reclamation.","PeriodicalId":52648,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Engineering Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48942082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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